Pressure storage pendant compressed air foam extinguishing apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to fire extinguishing technology field, specifically relates to a kind of pressure storage suspension type compressed air foam fire extinguishing device.The present application includes suspension component, pressure storage component and injection component, suspension component includes upper tank mouth and fixed connecting piece;Pressure storage component is used to store compressed gas and store foam premix liquid fire extinguishing agent;When fire occurs or is needed, preliminary compressed air foam is generated;Tank body is divided into upper and lower two layers by transversely arranged partition plate;Upper layer is used as compressed gas storage cabin, gas output control box is provided in tank body, inflation port, pressure gauge and wiring port are provided on the shoulder of tank body wall;Or the tank body wall is provided with separate compressed gas storage bottle;Lower layer of tank body is used as foam premix liquid storage cabin, gas inlet pipe and mixing device are provided in it;Gas output control box is located above the transverse partition plate of tank body, and gas inlet pipe lower part is connected with mixing device;So that the compressed air foam sprayed is uniform, fine and stable, has excellent fire extinguishing and fire resistance effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing technology, specifically to a pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. Background Technology

[0002] Suspended fire extinguishing systems consist of an extinguishing agent storage container, extinguishing agent, propellant (gas or fuel gas), activation and release components, and a suspension bracket (base). They are fixedly installed within a protected area, either suspended or wall-mounted, and can be automatically or manually activated at a constant temperature to release gaseous or dry powder extinguishing agents. Suspended fire extinguishing systems were introduced to China in 2000. In 2006, industry standards GA13-2006 "Suspended Gas Fire Extinguishing Systems" and GA602-2006 "Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Systems" were established. These two types of fire extinguishing systems have undergone rapid development over the past two decades, with the development of different storage methods, activation methods, and specifications, as well as a variety of more advanced accessories. Their application methods and application areas have also greatly expanded. However, their application also has limitations, such as the limited types of extinguishing agents that can be used.

[0003] Compressed Air Foam Systems (CAFS) are a highly efficient foam fire extinguishing method developed and matured abroad since the mid-20th century. This system is designed and developed based on the principles of safety, reliability, high efficiency, ease of operation, and advanced technology. The extinguishing foam produced by CAFS has excellent thermal radiation isolation capabilities and can adhere to and cover the surface of burning materials for an extended period. The introduction of compressed air significantly increases the momentum of the fluids in the system, resulting in finer water particles that can quickly penetrate the burning material. Simultaneously, it reduces the surface tension of the water, increasing the water coverage area and thus absorbing more heat, greatly enhancing the fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared to extinguishing fires with pure water, CAFS increases fire extinguishing efficiency by twenty times, water utilization by eight times, and significantly reduces the possibility of reignition. Therefore, with the emergence and gradual maturation of CAFS technology, it has become possible to develop suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device that can effectively generate uniform, fine and stable compressed air foam and perform efficient fire extinguishing.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device includes a suspension component and a pressurization component, wherein:

[0007] The suspension components include an upper canister opening and a fixing connector; the upper canister opening serves as an installation inlet / outlet for internal components and provides support for the fixing connector; the fixing connector is used to suspend or wall-mount the fire extinguishing device above or to the side of the protected object, with the nozzle facing the protected object.

[0008] The pressure storage unit is used to store compressed gas and contain foam premixed extinguishing agent; it generates initial compressed air foam in the event of a fire or when needed; the tank is divided into upper and lower layers by horizontally arranged partitions; the upper layer serves as a compressed gas storage chamber, with a gas output control box inside the tank, and an inflation port, pressure gauge, and wiring port on the upper shoulder of the tank wall; alternatively, a separate compressed gas storage bottle can be installed on the tank wall; the lower layer serves as a foam premixed agent storage chamber, with a gas inlet pipe and a mixer inside; the gas output control box is located above the horizontal partition of the tank, and its lower part is connected to the gas inlet pipe through the partition; the lower part of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the mixer, which has a vent and liquid delivery hole at the top and a fine screen at the bottom.

[0009] Preferably, the compressed gas is compressed air or a fire extinguishing gas, including nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide.

[0010] Preferably, the foam premix is ​​a foam solution that is pre-prepared and stored for later use by mixing foam stock solution and water in a specified mixing ratio.

[0011] Preferably, the fine screen is made of stainless steel with a mesh size between 500 and 1250 and a number of layers between 2 and 5.

[0012] Preferably, the device further includes a spraying component, comprising a controller and a sprayer, wherein: the controller serves as a control element for the spray, used to seal the liquid and gas inside the tank; upon startup, it opens as a channel for the fluid inside the tank to be sprayed outwards; the upper port of the controller is connected to the lower port of the tank, and the lower port of the controller is connected to the sprayer; the sprayer is used to draw air from the outside, further mix and expand the initial compressed air foam generated in the tank, generate the final compressed air foam, and spray the foam outwards for fire extinguishing.

[0013] Preferably, the controller is an electrically controlled valve or a structure with a sealing function, used for electrically opening and controlling the opening of the gas-liquid mixing channel.

[0014] Preferably, the injector is equipped with a nozzle, an air intake, a negative pressure chamber, a throat section, a discharge horn, and a coarse screen. The upper end of the injector is connected to a controller, and the lower end is directly aimed at the protected object to discharge the final compressed air foam extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing.

[0015] Preferably, the coarse screen is made of stainless steel and has a mesh size between 60 and 110.

[0016] Working principle:

[0017] The basic principle of CAFS (Compressed Foam Fluid) technology is to inject a certain proportion of compressed air into pressurized foam liquid to mix and generate fire extinguishing foam. The advantages of this technology are that the foam has high momentum and can last for a long time. Furthermore, a wide range of foam expansion ratios can be obtained by changing the ratio of foam liquid to compressed air to adapt to different fire extinguishing environments. Different types of foam can also be produced by adjusting the ratio to maximize fire extinguishing performance.

[0018] This invention is achieved through the following three elements.

[0019] 1. Install internal horizontal partitions to separate relatively independent compressed gas storage chambers and foam premixed liquid storage chambers, or install separate compressed gas storage bottles. The independent compressed gas storage chambers ensure sufficient compressed gas pressure, and combined with the mixer's structural design, maintain the compressed gas pressure consistently higher than the foam premixed liquid pressure. This pressure difference is crucial for generating compressed air foam.

[0020] II. Dynamic Mixing in the Mixer. Powered by the pressure of compressed gas, the mixer's structure fully utilizes the pressure difference between the compressed gas and the foam premixed liquid to force compressed air into the premixed liquid, achieving the desired effect. The high-pressure compressed gas in the compressed gas chamber contracts and is ejected at high speed through a circular nozzle at the front of the mixer, forming a high-speed jet. A low-pressure zone is created around the nozzle guide. Following the Venturi nozzle principle, the regional pressure difference and liquid momentum act on the foam premixed liquid, causing the high-speed jet and the attracted liquid to enter the mixing and diffusion section together with the fluid flow rate and be ejected at high speed through a fine screen, achieving highly efficient gas-liquid mixing. This achieves a dynamic mixing effect with a static device.

[0021] Third, the ejector design utilizes the Venturi principle again to draw in air from the outside and remix the gas and liquid, further improving the gas-liquid ratio and increasing the uniformity and fineness of the compressed gas foam liquid.

[0022] The high-speed injection of compressed air, combined with the primary dynamic mixing and the secondary static mixing of external air drawn into the injector, greatly enhances the momentum of the fluid in the system. The water particle size is sufficiently refined, significantly improving the uniformity, fineness, persistence, and stability of the foam, without producing surging.

[0023] The proportion of the foam premix liquid can be carefully set in advance according to different application environments and the special needs of the protected objects. Combined with the structural settings of the present invention, a wider range of foam expansion ratios can be obtained to adapt to different fire extinguishing environments. Different types of foam can also be produced by adjusting the proportions to maximize fire extinguishing performance.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] This achievement, previously only possible with large, multi-precision equipment under dynamic control, is accomplished using a relatively small device without requiring external power. It produces compressed air foam that meets the requirements for highly effective fire extinguishing and possesses the following characteristics:

[0026] 1. The foam at the outlet has a large momentum, which can be sprayed to a long distance and is not easily blown away by the wind.

[0027] 2. The foam is uniform and fine, with good stability and a long effective time for extinguishing and preventing fire.

[0028] 3. The device is relatively small, has a simple structure, and is easy to install, use, and maintain. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the gas output control box.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-speed mixer.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central injector.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Fixed connector; 2. Upper tank opening; 3. Wiring port; 5. Pressure gauge; 6. Inlet; 7. Gas output control box; 701. Top cover; 702. Electric igniter; 703. Piston-type needle; 704. Sealing O-ring; 705. Air inlet; 706. Spring; 707. Sealing aluminum diaphragm; 708. Air outlet; 8. Internal partition plate; 9. Gas booster pipe; 10. Tank body; 11. Mixer; 1101, Vent; 1102, Vent and Infusion Port; 1103, Suction Inlet; 1104, Internal Nozzle; 1105, Mixing Chamber; 1106, Fine Screen; 12, Lower Tank Opening; 13, Regulator; 14, Injector; 1401, Air Inlet; 1402, Nozzle; 1403, Negative Pressure Chamber; 1404, Throat Section; 1405, Discharge Horn; 1406, Coarse Screen. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a structural schematic diagram of a pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, including a suspension component, a pressurization component, and a spraying component.

[0039] The suspension component includes a fixing connector 1 and an upper canister opening 2. The fixing connector 1 is used to fix the fire extinguishing device above or to the side of the protected object, with the nozzle facing the protected object. The upper canister opening 2 serves as an installation inlet / outlet for internal components and provides connection support for the fixing connector 1.

[0040] The pressure storage component includes a tank body 10, a pressure gauge 5 and an air inlet 6 disposed on the periphery of its upper shoulder (or lower shoulder), a gas output control box 7 disposed therein, a transverse partition plate 8 inside the tank body, a gas inlet pipe 9 and a mixer 11.

[0041] The pressure gauge 5 is used to detect and display the gas pressure inside the tank in real time; the air inlet 6 is used to fill the tank with compressed gas during production, and is sealed after filling; the pressure gauge 5 and the air inlet 6 can also be combined into one interface, integrating the functions of both into one port; the gas output control box control interface 3 is used to connect the gas output control box control wiring 4 out of the tank to the external control part.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the control wiring 4 of the gas output control box can be a power cord, a thermal cord, or a combination of both.

[0043] The tank 10 is used to hold compressed air and foam premixed liquid. The tank is divided into upper and lower layers by an internal transverse partition 8. The upper layer of the tank serves as a compressed gas storage chamber for holding compressed gas and is equipped with a compressed gas output control box 7. The lower layer of the tank serves as a foam premixed liquid storage chamber and is equipped with a gas inlet pipe 9 and a mixer 11.

[0044] The gas stored in the compressed gas chamber can be compressed air, or other inert gases that can be used for fire extinguishing, such as nitrogen, helium, argon, and carbon dioxide, with a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 2.5 MPa, preferably 0.8 MPa to 1.2 MPa.

[0045] The foam premix comprises 0.1%-6% of a Class A or Class B foam premix fire extinguishing agent. Preferably, it comprises 0.3%-1% of a Class A foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0046] The gas output control box 7 is located on the transverse partition plate 8 inside the tank body 10, and its lower part passes through the transverse partition plate 8 and connects to the gas inlet pipe 9; an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the gas output control box 7 is shown below. Figure 4 As shown. The gas output control box 7 has a cylindrical structure, including a control box cover 701, an electric igniter 702, a piston-type needle 703, a sealing O-ring 704, an air inlet 705, a spring 706, a sealing aluminum membrane 707, and a control box outlet 708. The control box cover 701 is used to seal the upper opening of the control box and to lead out the control line of the electric igniter 702. The electric igniter 702 is used to start after receiving a starting current or ignition by a thermal wire through the control line. The combustion produces gas, which pushes the piston-type needle 703 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 706 and puncture the sealing aluminum membrane 707, forming a passage between the air inlet 705 and the outlet 708. The high-pressure compressed gas stored in the compressed gas chamber enters the gas output control box 7 through the air inlet 705, and then enters the gas inlet pipe 9 from the control box outlet 708 after passing through the punctured sealing aluminum membrane 707.

[0047] The gas inlet pipe 9 is a straight pipe with its lower end connected to the mixer 11. The length and inner diameter of the gas inlet pipe 9 must match the weight of the mixed foam liquid filled in the tank and must be determined through rigorous testing. The upper end of the gas inlet pipe 9 is connected to the gas output control box 7, and the lower end is connected to the mixer 11.

[0048] An enlarged structural schematic diagram of the mixer 11 is shown below. Figure 4As shown, a vent 1101 is provided at the center of its upper end face, and several venting and liquid delivery holes 1102 are arranged around it. A fine screen 1106 is provided in its lower port. The middle cavity is a cavity structure designed based on the Venturi tube fluid principle, which is one of the core components of this invention and must undergo rigorous testing before it can be finalized. The gas in the compressed gas storage chamber enters the gas inlet pipe 9 through the gas outlet 708 of the gas output control box. After passing through the gas inlet pipe, it rushes into the mixing cavity 1104 at high speed through the reduced internal nozzle 1103, and a negative pressure is formed around the nozzle. This causes the foam premixed liquid that enters the mixer through the venting and liquid delivery holes 1102 to pass through the venting holes 1104 around the internal nozzle 1103 and form a mixed flow with the compressed gas. After passing through the cavity 1105, they rush together to the lower screen 1106 structure. The mixture of foam compressed gas and foam premixed liquid forms preliminary compressed air foam after passing through the fine screen 1106 at the lower front end of the mixer 11. Most of the compressed air foam enters the injector 14 through the controller 13, absorbs air again, and is then sprayed out. A small portion of the compressed air foam that cannot be sprayed out flows back up along the tank wall, thereby agitating the foam premix. The resulting foam mixture then enters the vent and liquid inlet 1102 again for the next cycle. This process is repeated multiple times to make the foam liquid more uniform until all the liquid is sprayed out.

[0049] The injection component includes a controller 13 and an injector 14.

[0050] The controller 13 serves as the control element for the discharge, used to seal the lower part of the tank. In the event of a fire or when necessary, it opens upon receiving a start signal, and the initial compressed air foam generated from the mixer 11 is sprayed through the controller 13 towards the injector 14. The controller can be an electrically controlled valve, or a similar structure with a sealing function that can be electrically opened or controlled in other ways to open the gas-liquid mixing channel.

[0051] The injector 14, such as Figure 5 As shown, the device contains a nozzle 1402, an air intake 1401, a negative pressure chamber 1403, a throat section 1404, a discharge nozzle 1405, and a coarse screen 1406. The initial compressed air foam ejected by the mixer passes through the nozzle 1402 connected to the lower port of the controller 13, where its diameter rapidly narrows before entering the throat section 1404. A negative pressure chamber 1403 is formed between the air intake 1401 and the throat section 1404. Outside air is drawn in through the air intake 1401 of the negative pressure chamber 1403. Here, the Venturi principle is again utilized to absorb air from the outside of the device, thus forming a final compressed air foam with a higher air-to-liquid ratio and greater uniformity. This foam is then discharged outwards through the coarse screen 1406 at the discharge nozzle 1405 to extinguish the fire.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] like Figure 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a structural schematic diagram of a pressure-storage suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. In order to increase the amount of pre-stored compressed gas and foam premixed liquid in the fire extinguishing device, this embodiment is an improved technical solution based on embodiment 1. The difference is that the mixer 11 in embodiment 1 is moved from inside the tank to outside the tank.

[0054] The advantage of this structural design is that it allows for a greater quantity of compressed gas and foam premixed liquid within the same container volume. This increases the amount of compressed gas foam produced, thereby enhancing fire extinguishing capability.

[0055] For the remaining parts and their working principles, please refer to the corresponding parts of Example 1.

[0056] The sealing aluminum film of this invention is made of 1-2mm aluminum foil, the sealing O-ring is a rubber gasket or silicone gasket, the electric ignition head is a mine detonation device, and the compressed air, 0.1%-6% of Class A or Class B foam premixed extinguishing agent, controller, pressure gauge, spring, fine screen, coarse screen, and safety valve are all commercially available products; the rest, such as the tank, gas output control box, air inlet, and injector, are all made of carbon steel or stainless steel through conventional processing and welding.

[0057] The foam fire extinguishing device of the present invention has an applicable temperature range of 0 to +85℃; a foam premix liquid filling amount of 3 to 25 kg; a spraying time of ≤25 s; and an installation height of ≤8 m.

[0058] Since there are no national, industry, or local standards for this type of device, we have created a physical prototype of the device of this invention. The testing environment, equipment, and conditions were in accordance with the relevant provisions of GA13-2006 "Suspended Gas Fire Extinguishing Devices" and GA602-2006 "Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Devices." The values ​​in the type test report of the compressed air foam extinguishing system (CAFS1000kg / 1.0 or higher) issued by the Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Emergency Management were used as comparative references. Actual experimental testing showed that when the device of this invention is filled with 0.3%-1% foam premix, the gas-liquid ratio of the compressed air foam produced can reach 3:1 to 12:1, the foaming ratio is ≥6, and the 25% liquid separation time is ≥5 minutes. These indicators show that the compressed air foam produced by the device of this invention achieves the effect of foam produced by large-scale compressed air foam systems, meeting the design requirements. Practical trials have yielded satisfactory results, achieving the intended purpose of the invention.

[0059] The implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, Includes suspension components and pressure storage components, wherein: The suspension component includes an upper opening (2) and a fixing connector (1); the upper opening (2) serves as an installation inlet / outlet for internal components and provides support for the fixing connector (1); the fixing connector (1) is used to suspend or wall-mount the fire extinguishing device above or to the side of the protected object. The pressure storage component is used to store compressed gas and contain foam premixed extinguishing agent; in the event of a fire, it generates initial compressed air foam; the tank (10) is divided into upper and lower layers by a horizontally arranged partition plate; the upper layer serves as a compressed gas storage chamber, and the tank (10) is equipped with a gas output control box (7), and the shoulder of the tank (10) wall is equipped with an inflation port (6), a pressure gauge (5), and a wiring port (3); the lower layer of the tank (10) serves as a foam premixed liquid storage chamber, and is equipped with a gas inlet pipe and a mixer; the gas output control box (7) is located above the horizontal partition plate of the tank (10), and its lower part is connected to the gas inlet pipe through the partition plate; the lower part of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the mixer, and the upper part of the mixer has a venting and liquid delivery hole ( 1102), with a fine screen (1106) at the bottom; the gas in the compressed gas storage chamber enters the gas booster pipe (9) through the gas output control box (7) outlet (708), and after passing through the gas booster pipe (9), it rushes into the mixing chamber (1105) at high speed through the reduced internal nozzle (1103), and forms a negative pressure around the nozzle, which drives the foam premixed liquid that enters the mixer through the ventilation and liquid delivery hole (1102) to form a mixed flow with the compressed gas after passing through the ventilation holes around the internal nozzle. After passing through the chamber, they rush down to the screen structure at the bottom. The mixture of foam compressed gas and foam premixed liquid forms a preliminary compressed air foam after passing through the fine screen (1106) at the bottom of the front end of the mixer. The device also includes a spraying component, including a controller (13) and a sprayer (14), wherein: the controller (13) serves as a control element for the spraying, used to seal the liquid and gas inside the tank; when started, it opens as a channel for the fluid inside the tank to be sprayed outwards; the upper port of the controller (13) is connected to the lower port of the tank body (10), and the lower port of the controller (13) is connected to the sprayer (14); the sprayer (14) is used to draw air from the outside, further mix and expand the initial compressed air foam generated in the tank body (10), generate the final compressed air foam, and spray the foam outwards for fire extinguishing; The regulator (13) is an electrically controlled valve used to electrically open and control the gas-liquid mixing channel; The injector (14) is equipped with a second nozzle (1402), an air intake (1401), a negative pressure chamber (1403), a throat section (1404), a discharge horn (1405), and a coarse screen (1406). The upper end of the injector (14) is connected to a controller (13), and the lower end is directly aimed at the protected object to spray the final compressed air foam extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing.

2. The pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed gas is compressed air or a fire extinguishing gas, including nitrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide.

3. The pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The foam premix is ​​a foam solution that is pre-mixed with foam stock solution and water according to a specified mixing ratio and stored for later use.

4. The pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fine screen (1106) is made of stainless steel with a mesh size between 500 and 1250 and a number of layers between 2 and 5.

5. The pressurized suspended compressed air foam fire extinguishing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coarse screen (1406) is made of stainless steel and has a mesh size between 60 and 110.

Images