Novel photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system and operation method

Abstract

The application relates to a novel photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system, which comprises a photovoltaic device, a photo-thermal device and an energy storage power generation device; the photovoltaic device comprises a photovoltaic panel; the photo-thermal device comprises a heat collecting panel and a heat storage tank; the energy storage power generation device comprises a gas storage tank, an energy storage assembly for compressing air generated by the photovoltaic panel and guiding the compressed air into the gas storage tank, and an energy release assembly for generating power by using the compressed air in the gas storage tank; a cleaning device is connected with a tail gas discharge end of the energy release assembly, so as to guide low-temperature and low-pressure tail gas to the photovoltaic panel and / or the heat collecting panel; the system has the advantages of high power generation efficiency and high heat energy utilization rate by utilizing the operation characteristics of each component in the energy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical fields of new energy photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal collection and energy storage technologies, and in particular to a novel photovoltaic and solar thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] New energy power generation systems are characterized by their widespread availability, intermittency, and uncertainty. Therefore, energy storage systems are typically required to mitigate their intermittency. These systems store electricity when there is a surplus in power generation or when user demand is low, and then release it when power generation is insufficient or user demand is high. This achieves peak shaving and valley filling, allowing electricity production and consumption to occur at different times to balance the grid load. Therefore, incorporating energy storage technology into new energy power generation systems can significantly reduce or even eliminate the adverse effects of integrating new energy into the grid, improving grid stability and reliability.

[0003] However, in the current energy system, photovoltaic power generation systems, energy storage systems, and pyroelectric power generation systems usually operate independently. It is impossible to make targeted optimization designs based on the characteristics of each component within the system, and thus it is impossible to increase the system's working efficiency and applicability to multiple application scenarios through the synergistic effect of various systems.

[0004] Therefore, designing a novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system by utilizing the operating characteristics of each component within the energy system, combining their respective advantages and compensating for their respective disadvantages, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a novel photovoltaic and photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system includes:

[0008] Photovoltaic devices, including photovoltaic panels;

[0009] A solar thermal device, including a collector plate and a heat storage tank;

[0010] An energy storage and power generation device includes a gas storage tank, an energy storage component that uses the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel to compress air and introduces the compressed air into the gas storage tank, and an energy release component that uses the compressed air in the gas storage tank to generate electricity.

[0011] A cleaning device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the energy-releasing component to guide the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas to the photovoltaic panel and / or the heat collection plate.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning device includes a movable support, a cleaning component, and a first nozzle;

[0013] The cleaning component is mounted on the movable bracket and abuts against the heat collection plate. The movable bracket drives the cleaning component to clean the heat collection plate by rotating, swinging, or sliding.

[0014] The first nozzle is disposed on the movable support and connected to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release component. The first nozzle has a first nozzle facing away from the running direction of the movable support, so as to drive the movable support to run using the exhaust gas of the energy release component.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes at least one fixed bracket fixedly disposed relative to the heat collection plate, and all the movable brackets are rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket;

[0016] The movable support is arranged in a circular array around its rotation center, and the rotation center coincides with the center of the heat collection plate.

[0017] Preferably, the movable support has a hollow air guide channel, one end of which is connected to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release component via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the first nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, the cleaning device includes a top bracket fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel, and a second nozzle is provided on the top bracket;

[0019] The second nozzle is connected to the exhaust end of the energy-releasing component and has a second nozzle facing the light-facing side of the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] Preferably, the cleaning device further includes a guide plate disposed perpendicular to the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a rear-mounted solar collector disposed on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel;

[0022] The plate-mounted solar collector has a medium flow chamber, which is connected to the heat storage tank via a pipeline.

[0023] The medium flow cavity is provided with turbulence protrusions.

[0024] Preferably, the energy storage component includes an electric motor electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and several compressors connected in series. A first heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent compressors. The first heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and different first heat exchangers are connected in parallel.

[0025] The energy release assembly includes a generator electrically connected to the power grid and several expanders connected in series. A second heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent expanders. The second heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and different second heat exchangers are connected in parallel.

[0026] An operating method based on the above system includes,

[0027] When there is sunlight, photovoltaic panels generate electricity and supply the electricity to the power grid or to the energy storage components to supply compressed air, and use air storage tanks to store the compressed air.

[0028] When there is sunlight, solar collectors absorb solar energy and store the heat in a storage tank.

[0029] Compressed air from the storage tank is supplied to the energy release component to generate electricity, which is then supplied to the power grid.

[0030] The low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy-releasing component performs its work is directed to the photovoltaic panel to clean the sun-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel and cool the photovoltaic panel, and / or the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy-releasing component performs its work is directed to the heat collector plate to clean the heat collector plate.

[0031] Preferably, the heat from the photovoltaic panel is absorbed by a heat collector behind the panel and stored in the heat storage tank;

[0032] The heat generated during the air compression process of the energy storage component is absorbed by the first heat exchanger and stored in the heat storage tank.

[0033] The heat stored in the heat storage tank is supplied to the energy release component using a second heat exchanger.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The novel photovoltaic and photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system provided in the above technical solution connects the cleaning device to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release module to guide the low-temperature and low-pressure exhaust gas to the photovoltaic panel and the heat collector. By utilizing the low-temperature and low-pressure characteristics of the exhaust gas discharged from the energy release module, the photovoltaic panel and the heat collector are effectively cleaned, preventing them from being blocked and affecting the reception of solar energy. At the same time, the low temperature of the exhaust gas can also cool the photovoltaic panel, increasing its power generation efficiency. Moreover, it directly utilizes the exhaust gas of the energy release module without the need for additional equipment, making it more energy-efficient.

[0036] The operating method of the novel photovoltaic and photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system provided in the above technical solution stores the heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic device, the heat converted by the photothermal device, and the heat generated during the compression of air by the energy storage component. This heat is then used to heat the high-pressure air during the power generation process of the energy release component, which can achieve effective utilization of the system's heat and avoid heat loss. At the same time, the low-temperature and low-pressure exhaust gas generated by the energy release component can be used to clean the photovoltaic panel and the collector panel, which can not only prevent them from being blocked and affecting the reception of solar energy, but also cool down the photovoltaic panel and increase its power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the cleaning device and the heat collection plate.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the cleaning components and the heat collection plate.

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the cleaning device and photovoltaic panels.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plate-mounted solar collector.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 1. Photovoltaic device; 11. Photovoltaic panel; 12. Photovoltaic inverter; 2. Solar thermal device; 21. Collector plate; 22. Thermal storage tank; 3. Energy storage and power generation device; 31. Gas storage tank; 32. Energy storage module; 321. Electric motor; 322. Compressor; 323. First heat exchanger; 33. Energy release module; 331. Generator; 332. Expander; 333. Second heat exchanger; 4. Cleaning device; 41. Movable support; 411. Hollow air guide channel; 42. Cleaning component; 43. First nozzle; 431. First nozzle; 44. Fixed support; 45. Top support; 46. Second nozzle; 461. Second nozzle; 47. Guide plate; 5. Rear collector; 51. Medium flow cavity; 52. Turbulence protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 This invention provides a novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic device 1, a solar thermal device 2, an energy storage power generation device 3, and a cleaning device 4. The photovoltaic device 1 includes a photovoltaic panel 11; the solar thermal device 2 includes a heat collector plate 21 and a heat storage tank 22; the energy storage power generation device 3 includes an air storage tank 31, an energy storage component 32, and an energy release component 33; the cleaning device 4 is connected to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release component 33.

[0049] Specifically, see Figure 1 The photovoltaic panel 11 is used to absorb solar energy and generate electricity when there is sufficient solar energy. The output end of the photovoltaic panel 11 is connected to the photovoltaic inverter 12 through wires. The output end of the photovoltaic inverter 12 is connected to the power grid and the energy storage component 32 through wires. Thus, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 11 is converted into alternating current by the photovoltaic inverter 12 and supplied to the power grid or the energy storage component 32. The energy storage component 32 can operate and compress air when the photovoltaic panel 11 is supplying power. The air storage tank 31 is used to store the compressed air after being compressed by the energy storage component.

[0050] The solar thermal device 2's collector plate 21 absorbs solar energy when solar energy is abundant and exchanges heat with the heat storage medium stored in the heat storage tank 22 to convert solar energy into heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 22. The heat stored in the heat storage tank 22 can supply the energy release component 33 to accelerate the work done by the compressed air in the gas storage tank 31 and generate electricity.

[0051] The energy storage component 32 includes a motor 321 electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 11 and several compressors 322 connected in series. A first heat exchanger 323 is provided between two adjacent compressors 322. The first heat exchanger 323 is connected to the heat storage tank 22 through a pipeline, and different first heat exchangers 323 are connected in parallel, thereby preventing the conduction of the remaining first heat exchangers 323 from being affected when the circuit of a single first heat exchanger 323 fails. The energy release component 33 includes a generator 331 electrically connected to the power grid and several expanders 332 connected in series. A second heat exchanger 333 is provided between two adjacent expanders 332. The second heat exchanger 333 is connected to the heat storage tank 22 through a pipeline, and different second heat exchangers 333 are connected in parallel, thereby preventing the conduction of the remaining second heat exchangers 333 from being affected when the circuit of a single second heat exchanger 333 fails.

[0052] The cleaning device 4 is connected to the exhaust end of the energy-releasing component 33 to guide the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas to the photovoltaic panel 11 and the heat collection plate 21. The low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas is guided to the photovoltaic panel 11. On the one hand, the exhaust gas discharged by the energy-releasing component 33 can be used to clean the photovoltaic panel 11 to remove foreign objects such as sand and dust from the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11, so as to avoid the photovoltaic panel 11 being blocked from the sunlight and affecting its power generation efficiency. On the other hand, since the exhaust gas discharged by the energy-releasing component 33 is converted into low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas after generating electricity, firstly, the exhaust gas has a certain pressure, which can improve the cleaning effect of the photovoltaic panel 11, and at the same time, it can realize forced convection heat exchange on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11, thereby cooling the photovoltaic panel 11. Secondly, the exhaust gas is lower in temperature than the photovoltaic panel 11 and has a larger temperature difference, which can further increase the forced convection heat exchange effect on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 11. Similarly, the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas guiding collector plate 21 can clean the sun-facing surface of the collector plate 21, preventing obstruction by foreign objects. Furthermore, the collector plate 21 is connected to a heat storage tank 22, which supplies stored heat to the energy-releasing component 33 during its energy release and power generation process. Therefore, the low-temperature exhaust gas cleaning the collector plate 21 does not affect its heat exchange. Of course, in other embodiments, the cleaning device 4 may only guide the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas to the photovoltaic panel 11 or only to the collector plate 21. A control valve may also be installed between the gas conduits connecting the photovoltaic panel 11 and the collector plate 21 to control the flow rate of the exhaust gas supplied to the photovoltaic panel 11 and the collector plate 21.

[0053] See Figure 2 and Figure 3To further enhance the cleaning effect on the heat collection plate 21, in this embodiment, the cleaning device 4 includes a movable support 41, a cleaning component 42, and a first nozzle 43. The cleaning component 42 is mounted on the movable support 41 and abuts against the heat collection plate 21. The movable support 41 rotates to drive the cleaning component 42 to clean the heat collection plate 21. The first nozzle 43 is disposed on the movable support 41 and connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the energy release component 33. The first nozzle 43 has a first nozzle 431 facing away from the operating direction of the movable support 41, so as to use the exhaust gas of the energy release component 33 to drive the movable support 41 to operate.

[0054] Specifically, the cleaning component 42 can be configured as a soft and elastic structure such as a brush or wiping sponge to avoid damage to the surface of the heat collection plate 21 when the cleaning component 42 wipes it. Of course, in other embodiments, the movable bracket 41 can also drive the cleaning component 42 to clean the heat collection plate 21 by swinging or sliding.

[0055] Furthermore, since the cleaning component 42 exerts a certain force on the heat collection plate 21 during the wiping process, in order to ensure the stability of the heat collection plate 21 and facilitate the installation of the movable bracket 41, this embodiment also includes a fixed bracket 44 fixedly disposed relative to the heat collection plate 21. The fixed bracket 44 is fixedly connected to the frame on which the heat collection plate 21 is installed. The movable brackets 41 are all rotatably mounted on the fixed brackets 44. Two, three, four, or more movable brackets 41 are arranged in a circular array around their rotation center, and the rotation center coincides with the center of the heat collection plate 21. Of course, in other embodiments, the movable bracket 41 can also be set as one, and the fixed bracket 44 can also be installed in the corresponding site and abut against the back surface of the heat collection plate 21 to support the heat collection plate 21.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the exhaust gas from the energy release component 33 after generating electricity can be stably supplied to the first nozzle 43, in this embodiment, the movable bracket 41 has a hollow air guide channel 411. One end of the hollow air guide channel 411 is connected to the first nozzle 43, and the other end is connected to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release component 33 through a pipeline. There are various ways to connect the hollow air guide channel 411 to the pipeline, which can stably supply the exhaust gas in the pipeline to the hollow air guide channel 411. At the same time, the pipeline setting should not affect the operation of the movable support 41 driving the cleaning component 42. In this embodiment, the rotation center of the movable support 41 adopts a spherical structure connected to the pipeline, and the other end of the pipeline is connected to the exhaust gas output end of the energy release component 32. For example, a spherical structure is fixed at one end of the pipeline, and several air supply holes are opened on the spherical structure. A rotating block is fixed at one end of the movable support 41, which is rotatably connected to the spherical structure and covers the air supply holes. The rotating block has an opening that connects the air supply holes and the hollow air guide channel 411, so that during the rotation of the movable support 41, the exhaust gas can pass through the pipeline, and then through the air supply holes on the spherical structure and the opening on the rotating block to supply the hollow air guide channel 411, and further supply the first nozzle 43, which is not shown in the figure.

[0057] See Figure 4 To enhance the cleaning and cooling effect on the photovoltaic panel 11, in this embodiment, the cleaning device 4 includes a top support 45 fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel 11, and a second nozzle 46 is provided on the top support 45. The second nozzle 46 is connected to the exhaust end of the energy release component 33 and has a second nozzle 461 facing the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel 11. In this embodiment, the central axis of the second nozzle 461 is parallel to the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel 11 to improve the cleaning effect. To further enhance the fixing effect on the photovoltaic panel 11, a reinforcing frame can also be provided around the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0058] Furthermore, in order to further streamline the airflow so that it can reach all parts of the photovoltaic panel 11 and improve cleaning efficiency, in this embodiment, the cleaning device 4 also includes a guide plate 47 disposed perpendicular to the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0059] See Figure 1 and Figure 5 Since the high temperature of the photovoltaic panel 11 will affect its power generation efficiency, in order to increase the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 11 by cooling and to store and utilize the excess heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 11, this embodiment also includes a back heat collector 5 disposed on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel 11; the back heat collector 5 has a medium flow cavity 51, which is connected to the heat storage tank 22 through a pipeline, so that the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank 22 can flow to the medium flow cavity 51 and exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 11.

[0060] Furthermore, to further enhance the cooling effect, a turbulence protrusion 52 is provided within the medium flow cavity 51 in this embodiment. See also Figure 5 Several turbulence protrusions 52 are provided and are respectively disposed on opposite end faces of the medium flow cavity 51, with the turbulence protrusions 52 on the two end faces being staggered. The turbulence protrusions 52 can increase the flow distance and heat exchange area of ​​the heat transfer medium in the medium flow cavity 51, and can reduce the flow velocity of the heat transfer medium through collision, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and the heat exchange of a single cycle of the heat transfer medium.

[0061] The present invention also provides an operation method based on the above system, comprising: when there is sunlight, generating electricity using photovoltaic panel 11 and supplying the electricity to the power grid or to the energy storage component 32 to supply compressed air, and storing the compressed air using air storage tank 31; when there is sunlight, absorbing solar energy using heat collector 21 and storing the heat in heat storage tank 22; supplying the compressed air in air storage tank 31 to energy release component 33 to generate electricity and supply it to the power grid; guiding the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy release component 33 has done its work to photovoltaic panel 11 to clean the sun-facing surface of photovoltaic panel 11 and cool photovoltaic panel 11; guiding the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy release component 33 has done its work to heat collector 21 to clean heat collector 21.

[0062] It also includes using the rear collector 5 to absorb the heat from the photovoltaic panel 11 and store it in the heat storage tank 22; using the first heat exchanger 323 to absorb the heat generated during the air compression process of the energy storage component 32 and store it in the heat storage tank 22; and using the second heat exchanger 333 to supply the heat stored in the heat storage tank 22 to the energy release component 33.

[0063] Optionally, during non-power supply periods in daylight when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 11 absorbs solar energy and generates electricity. The generated electricity is converted into alternating current by the photovoltaic inverter 12 and then supplied to the motor 321. The motor 321 drives several compressors 322 connected in series to operate and compress air. The compressed air is then stored in the air storage tank 31. During this process, as the compressed air is transferred from one compressor 322 to another compressor 322 connected to it, it exchanges heat with the heat storage medium output from the cold end of the heat storage tank 22 through the first heat exchanger 323. This allows for the storage and utilization of the heat generated during the compression process of the compressed air, and also cools the compressed air to facilitate the next stage of compression. During the power generation process of the photovoltaic panel 11, the heat storage medium at the cold end of the heat storage tank 22 also enters the medium flow chamber 51 of the collector 5 behind the panel through pipelines, exchanging heat with the collector plate 21. This cools the photovoltaic panel 11, increasing its power generation efficiency, and also allows for the storage and reuse of thermal energy.

[0064] Optionally, during the daytime power supply period when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 11 absorbs solar energy and generates electricity. The generated electricity is converted into alternating current by the photovoltaic inverter 12 and supplied to the power grid. The high-pressure air stored in the gas storage tank 31 enters the expander 332 through the pipeline to do work and drive the generator 331 to generate electricity to supply power to the grid. The heat storage medium stored in the heat storage tank 22 enters the second heat exchanger 333 to exchange heat with the high-pressure air. At the same time, the heat storage medium after exchanging heat with the photovoltaic panel 11 and the heat storage medium after exchanging heat with the heat collector plate 21 also enter the second heat exchanger 333 to exchange heat with the high-pressure air to heat the high-pressure air.

[0065] Optionally, during nighttime power supply periods when sunlight is insufficient, the photovoltaic device 1 and the solar thermal device 2 do not work. The high-pressure air stored in the gas storage tank 31 enters the expander 332 through the pipeline to do work and drive the generator 331 to generate electricity to supply power to the grid. At the same time, the heat storage medium stored in the heat storage tank 22 enters the second heat exchanger 333 to exchange heat with the high-pressure air in order to heat the high-pressure air.

[0066] Optionally, the system may not operate during off-peak hours at night.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage and power generation system, characterized in that, include: Photovoltaic devices, including photovoltaic panels; A solar thermal device, including a collector plate and a heat storage tank; An energy storage and power generation device includes a gas storage tank, an energy storage component that uses the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel to compress air and introduces the compressed air into the gas storage tank, and an energy release component that uses the compressed air in the gas storage tank to generate electricity. A cleaning device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the energy-releasing component to guide the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas to the photovoltaic panel and / or the heat collection panel. The cleaning device includes a movable support, a cleaning component, and a first nozzle; The cleaning component is mounted on the movable bracket and abuts against the heat collection plate. The movable bracket drives the cleaning component to clean the heat collection plate by rotating, swinging, or sliding. The first nozzle is disposed on the movable support and connected to the exhaust gas discharge end of the energy release component. The first nozzle has a first nozzle facing away from the running direction of the movable support, so as to drive the movable support to run using the exhaust gas of the energy release component. It also includes at least one fixed bracket fixedly disposed relative to the heat collection plate, and all the movable brackets are rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket; The movable support is arranged in a circular array around its rotation center, and the rotation center coincides with the center of the heat collection plate; The movable support has a hollow air guide channel. One end of the hollow air guide channel is connected to the exhaust end of the energy release component through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the first nozzle.

2. The novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning device includes a top bracket fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panel, and a second nozzle is provided on the top bracket; The second nozzle is connected to the exhaust end of the energy-releasing component and has a second nozzle facing the light-facing side of the photovoltaic panel.

3. The novel photovoltaic and photothermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning device also includes a guide plate that is perpendicular to the light-facing side of the photovoltaic panel.

4. The novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a rear-panel collector disposed on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel; The plate-mounted solar collector has a medium flow chamber, which is connected to the heat storage tank via a pipeline. The medium flow cavity is provided with turbulence protrusions.

5. A novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage and power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage component includes an electric motor electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and several compressors connected in series. A first heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent compressors. The first heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and different first heat exchangers are connected in parallel. The energy release assembly includes a generator electrically connected to the power grid and several expanders connected in series. A second heat exchanger is provided between two adjacent expanders. The second heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank through a pipeline, and different second heat exchangers are connected in parallel.

6. An operation method for a novel photovoltaic-thermal coupled compressed air energy storage power generation system based on any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include, When there is sunlight, photovoltaic panels generate electricity and supply the electricity to the power grid or to the energy storage components to supply compressed air, and use air storage tanks to store the compressed air. When there is sunlight, solar collectors absorb solar energy and store the heat in a storage tank. Compressed air from the storage tank is supplied to the energy release component to generate electricity, which is then supplied to the power grid. The low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy-releasing component performs its work is directed to the photovoltaic panel to clean the sun-facing surface of the photovoltaic panel and cool the photovoltaic panel, and / or the low-temperature, low-pressure exhaust gas discharged after the energy-releasing component performs its work is directed to the heat collector plate to clean the heat collector plate.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes, The heat from the photovoltaic panel is absorbed by a heat collector behind the panel and stored in the heat storage tank. The heat generated during the air compression process of the energy storage component is absorbed by the first heat exchanger and stored in the heat storage tank. The heat stored in the heat storage tank is supplied to the energy release component using a second heat exchanger.

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