Air conditioner and control method for preventing air conditioner outdoor heat exchanger from frosting

Abstract

The application provides an air conditioner and a control method for preventing frosting of an outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner, wherein the air conditioner comprises an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger and a control terminal, the indoor heat exchanger, the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger form a refrigerant circulation system, and the outdoor heat exchanger is provided with an outdoor fan at a side thereof; a magnetic electricity generation assembly is arranged at a side of the outdoor fan; a heating assembly is arranged outside the outdoor heat exchanger, and the magnetic electricity generation assembly and the heating assembly are electrically connected; the magnetic electricity generation assembly generates and stores electric energy when the outdoor fan rotates, and when the control terminal determines that the outdoor heat exchanger has a frosting risk, the control terminal controls the stored electric energy in the magnetic electricity generation assembly to heat the heating assembly. The magnetic electricity generation assembly is arranged at a side of the outdoor fan, and when the outdoor fan operates, the magnetic electricity generation assembly cuts magnetic induction lines to generate electricity, converts the kinetic energy into electric energy through the magnetic electricity generation assembly, and then converts the electric energy into heat energy through the heating assembly, thereby effectively saving the energy consumption of the air conditioner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning control, and more particularly to an air conditioner and a control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner. Background Technology

[0002] Frosting on the fins occurs when moist air encounters fins at temperatures below freezing (below the dew point of the cold air). The water vapor in the moist air releases heat and condenses, forming condensate on the fins and then cooling into frost. In winter, when outdoor temperatures are low and humidity is high, the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner is prone to frosting during heating operation. The main hazards of fin frost formation are as follows: 1. Frosting blocks the fin channels, increasing airflow resistance. Once frost forms, the condition continues to worsen, a process that is irreversible. 2. Frosting increases the heat exchanger's thermal resistance, reducing heat exchange capacity and evaporation temperature, leading to deterioration of the unit's operating performance. 3. The periodic defrosting operation of water-cooled air conditioners may result in heat loss due to cooling, reducing the overall system energy efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, periodic defrosting is required, and the heating mode is frequently switched to defrosting mode. However, defrosting mode can affect the heating effect, cause changes in indoor temperature, and affect user comfort.

[0004] Patent CN116294138 A discloses a control method for defrosting an air conditioner, which includes an outdoor unit. The method involves acquiring the temperature of the outdoor coil of the outdoor heat exchanger; when the outdoor coil temperature drops to a temperature threshold, a heating device is controlled to operate and heat the outdoor heat exchanger. This method preheats the outdoor heat exchanger by operating the heating device before frost forms, even when the outdoor coil temperature is above the frost point temperature, thus preventing frost formation. While this method delays frost formation during the frost-forming process, the existing heating device further increases the energy consumption of the air conditioner, which is not conducive to saving energy in the air conditioning unit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, one of the objectives of this invention is to provide an air conditioner in which a magnetoelectric component is installed on the side of the outdoor fan. When the outdoor fan operates, it cuts magnetic field lines to generate electricity. The magnetoelectric component converts kinetic energy into electrical energy, and then the heating component converts the electrical energy into heat energy, effectively saving air conditioner energy consumption.

[0006] An air conditioner includes: an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a control terminal, wherein the indoor heat exchanger, the compressor, and the outdoor heat exchanger form a refrigerant circulation system, and an outdoor fan is provided on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger. A magnetoelectric component is installed on the side of the outdoor fan; a heating component is installed on the outside of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the magnetoelectric component and the heating component are electrically connected; the magnetoelectric component generates and stores electrical energy when the outdoor fan rotates; when the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component.

[0007] This application utilizes the power of the outdoor fan to generate electrical energy by cutting the magnetic field lines in the magnetoelectric component, and stores the electrical energy. When there is a frosting wind direction on the outdoor heat exchanger, the heating component uses the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to heat the outdoor heat exchanger. During the air conditioning heating operation, the outdoor fan will keep rotating. The innovation of this application lies in using the magnetoelectric component to rationally utilize the kinetic energy of the outdoor fan in the control of air conditioning to prevent frosting, thereby reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor heat exchanger includes outdoor fins, and a first outdoor temperature detection element and a second outdoor temperature detection element are provided on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger. The first temperature detection element is used to obtain the outdoor fin temperature, and the second outdoor temperature detection element is used to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature. A pressure sensor is installed at the air intake of the compressor, and the pressure sensor is used to obtain the pressure value at the air intake of the compressor. The outdoor first temperature sensor, the outdoor second temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor are connected to the control terminal. The control terminal determines the low-pressure temperature based on the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor. The low-pressure temperature is the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an indoor first temperature detection element is provided on the side of the indoor heat exchanger. The indoor first temperature detection element is used to acquire the indoor ambient temperature and is communicatively connected to the control terminal.

[0010] This application utilizes an outdoor first temperature sensor to obtain the outdoor fin temperature; a pressure sensor to obtain the pressure value at the location of the outdoor heat exchanger and convert it into a low-pressure temperature; an outdoor second temperature sensor to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature; and an indoor first temperature sensor to obtain the indoor ambient temperature. These temperature values ​​can effectively and quickly determine whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger and defrost before frost forms.

[0011] The second objective of this invention is to provide a control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner, based on the air conditioner described above, comprising: The control terminal determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger. If there is a risk of frost formation, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor heat exchanger includes outdoor fins; If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, the control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; If the outdoor fin temperature T c If the temperature is >0, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c .

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal adjusts the outdoor ambient temperature T. d and low pressure temperature T l Determining whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger includes: If the outdoor ambient temperature T d ≥T l +d, then the control terminal will adjust according to the indoor ambient temperature T n and user preset temperature T s Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; If the outdoor ambient temperature T d <T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Where d is a preset fixed value.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal adjusts the indoor ambient temperature T. n and user preset temperature T s Determining whether there is a risk of frost formation includes: If T s ≥T n If +n, the control terminal controls the compressor to increase its frequency. At the same time, if the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; n is a preset threshold. If T s <T n +n, and T n ≥T s Then the control terminal controls the compressor to reduce its frequency until T n <T s ; If T s <T n +n, and T n <T s If so, the control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, and then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the compressor reduces its frequency, F i =F i-1 -(T n -T s ) / a, where F i-1 The operating frequency of the compressor before frequency reduction; 'a' is a preset fixed value; When the compressor increases frequency, F i =F i-1 +(T s -T n ) / b, where F i-1 is the operating frequency of the compressor before frequency increase, and b is a preset fixed value.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, and then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max The maximum speed of the outdoor fan is preset. If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i <K m Then, the control terminal increases the opening of the electronic expansion valve, and at the same time, the control terminal obtains the low-pressure temperature T corresponding to the pressure sensor. l Outdoor ambient temperature T d outdoor fin temperature T c If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, and T d ≥T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; if the outdoor fin temperature T c >0, or T d <T lIf +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c Outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, and then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max The maximum speed of the outdoor fan is preset. If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i ≥K m If the control unit determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, it will activate the wind power energy storage heating device to heat the fins. After heating, it will continue to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0018] This application first determines the outdoor fan speed and then the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve to raise the indoor ambient temperature. This method considers that the outdoor fan speed has a relatively small adjustable range and is easier to adjust, while the electronic expansion valve has a larger adjustable range and is more difficult to adjust. Therefore, prioritizing the easier-to-adjust parameter and then adjusting the electronic expansion valve based on this parameter improves the efficiency of the control system.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an air conditioner comprising an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a control terminal. The indoor heat exchanger, compressor, and outdoor heat exchanger form a refrigerant circulation system. An outdoor fan is disposed on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger. A magnetoelectric component is disposed on the side of the outdoor fan, which generates and stores electrical energy when the outdoor fan rotates. A heating component is disposed on the outside of the outdoor heat exchanger, which heats the outdoor heat exchanger, and the heating component and the magnetoelectric component are electrically connected. When the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component. This application utilizes the power of the outdoor fan to generate electrical energy by cutting the magnetic field lines in the magnetoelectric component, and stores the electrical energy. When there is a frosting wind direction on the outdoor heat exchanger, the heating component uses the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to heat the outdoor heat exchanger. During the air conditioning heating operation, the outdoor fan will keep rotating. The innovation of this application lies in using the magnetoelectric component to rationally utilize the kinetic energy of the outdoor fan in the control of air conditioning to prevent frosting, thereby reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning.

[0020] This invention also provides a control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner. The method utilizes the power of the outdoor fan to cut magnetic field lines in a magnetoelectric component, generating and storing electrical energy. When there is a frost-prone wind direction on the outdoor heat exchanger, the heating component uses the stored electrical energy to heat the outdoor heat exchanger. During the air conditioner's heating operation, the outdoor fan rotates continuously. The innovation of this application lies in using the magnetoelectric component to rationally utilize the kinetic energy of the outdoor fan in the control of air conditioner frost prevention, thereby reducing air conditioner energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioner structure in Example 2; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner in Example 4.

[0022] Figure label: 1. Outdoor secondary temperature sensor; 2. Gas-liquid separator; 3. Outdoor heat exchanger; 4. Indoor heat exchanger; 5. Liquid receiver; 6. Compressor; 7. Electronic expansion valve; 8. Inlet water temperature sensor; 13. Four-way reversing valve; 14. Outdoor fan; 15. Heating assembly; 16. Magnetically-electrical assembly; 17. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0024] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this invention to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Example 1 An air conditioner includes an indoor heat exchanger 4, a compressor 6, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, and a control terminal. The indoor heat exchanger 4, compressor 6, and outdoor heat exchanger 3 form a refrigerant circulation system. An outdoor fan 14 is disposed on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. A magnetoelectric component 16 is disposed on the side of the outdoor fan 14. A heating component 15 is disposed on the outer side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The magnetoelectric component 16 and the heating component 15 are electrically connected. The magnetoelectric component 16 generates and stores electrical energy when the outdoor fan 14 rotates. When the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component 16 to heat the heating component 15.

[0027] In this application, the magnetoelectric component can be, for example, a generator.

[0028] The outdoor fan 14 described in this application is provided with a magnetoelectric component 16 on its side. The magnetoelectric component 16 generates electrical energy and stores it when the outdoor fan 14 rotates. The outdoor heat exchanger 3 is provided with a heating component 15 on its outer side. The heating component 15 is used to heat the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The heating component 15 and the magnetoelectric component 16 are electrically connected. The heating component 15 does not require an external power supply or other power supply device except for the magnetoelectric component 16. When the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component 16 to be used to heat the heating component 15.

[0029] This application utilizes the outdoor fan 14 to cut the magnetic field lines in the magnetoelectric component 16 to generate electrical energy when it rotates, and stores the electrical energy. When there is a frosting wind direction in the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the heating component 15 uses the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component 16 to heat the outdoor heat exchanger 3. During the air conditioning heating operation, the outdoor fan 14 will rotate continuously. The innovation of this application lies in using the magnetoelectric component 16 to rationally utilize the kinetic energy of the outdoor fan 14 in the control of air conditioning to prevent frosting, thereby reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning.

[0030] Example 2 An air conditioner, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an indoor heat exchanger 4, a compressor 6, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, and a control terminal. The indoor heat exchanger 4, compressor 6, and outdoor heat exchanger 3 form a refrigerant circulation system. An outdoor fan 14 is installed on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. A magnetoelectric component 16 is installed on the side of the outdoor fan 14. A heating component 15 is installed on the outside of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The magnetoelectric component 16 and the heating component 15 are electrically connected. The magnetoelectric component 16 generates and stores electrical energy when the outdoor fan 14 rotates. When the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component 16 to heat the heating component 15.

[0031] In this embodiment, compressor 6 is simultaneously connected to indoor heat exchanger 4, outdoor heat exchanger 3, and gas-liquid separator 2 via four-way reversing valve 13. The outlet of gas-liquid separator 2 is connected to the suction port of compressor 6. Outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to indoor heat exchanger 4 via electronic expansion valve 7 and liquid receiver 5. Indoor heat exchanger 4, compressor 6, outdoor heat exchanger 3, gas-liquid separator 2, electronic expansion valve 7, and liquid receiver 5 form a refrigerant circulation system.

[0032] When the air conditioner is in heating mode in winter, there is a risk of frost forming on the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. Therefore, the defrosting in this application is performed for the air conditioner in heating mode.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 includes outdoor fins, and an outdoor first temperature detection element and an outdoor second temperature detection element 1 are provided on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. The first temperature detection element is used to obtain the outdoor fin temperature; the outdoor second temperature detection element 1 is used to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature; a pressure sensor 17 is provided at the suction port of the compressor 6, and the pressure sensor 17 is used to obtain the pressure value at the suction port of the compressor 6; an indoor first temperature detection element is provided on the side of the indoor heat exchanger 4.

[0034] The outdoor first temperature sensor, the outdoor second temperature sensor 1, the pressure sensor 17, and the indoor first temperature sensor are connected to the control terminal. The control terminal determines the low-pressure temperature based on the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 17. The low-pressure temperature is the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 17.

[0035] In this application, the control terminal monitors and obtains the outdoor fin temperature T in real time during the air conditioning heating process. c Outdoor ambient temperature T d Low pressure temperature T l Indoor ambient temperature T n User preset temperature T s After assessment, it is determined whether there is a risk of frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger 3. When the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component 16 to be used to heat the heating component 15. When the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the outdoor fin temperature T is continuously monitored and acquired. c Outdoor ambient temperature T d Low pressure temperature T l Indoor ambient temperature T n User preset temperature T s To conduct analysis and judgment.

[0036] It should be noted that during the monitoring and judgment process at the control end, the air conditioner continues to operate according to the preset instructions, that is, the air conditioner maintains normal heating operation. In this application, "frost formation on outdoor heat exchanger 3" refers to frost formation on the outdoor fins of outdoor heat exchanger 3.

[0037] Furthermore, in this application, a heat exchange pipe may be provided outside the indoor heat exchanger 4. The heat exchange pipe includes an inlet and an outlet. The heat exchange pipe is used in conjunction with the indoor heat exchanger 4 to form a water-cooled air conditioner. A water inlet temperature sensor 8 is provided at the inlet of the heat exchange pipe of the water-cooled air conditioner to detect the water temperature at the inlet of the heat exchange pipe.

[0038] This application utilizes an outdoor first temperature sensor to obtain the outdoor fin temperature; uses a pressure sensor 17 to obtain the pressure value at the location of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and converts it into a low-pressure temperature; uses an outdoor second temperature sensor 1 to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature; and uses an indoor first temperature sensor to obtain the indoor ambient temperature. These temperature values ​​can effectively and quickly determine whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and defrost it before frost forms.

[0039] Example 3 This embodiment provides a control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner, based on the air conditioner structure in Embodiment 2, including: The control terminal determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger. If there is a risk of frost formation, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component.

[0040] During the monitoring and judgment process, the air conditioner continues to operate according to the preset instructions, that is, the air conditioner maintains normal heating operation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the outdoor ambient temperature can be the outdoor dry-bulb temperature.

[0042] The specific control methods are as follows: The air conditioner is operating normally in heating mode, and the control terminal obtains the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c ; If the outdoor fin temperature T c If the temperature is >0, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and simultaneously returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c .

[0043] If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, the control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; specifically including: If the outdoor ambient temperature T d <T l If +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and simultaneously returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Wherein, d is a preset fixed value, and the range of d is generally 6-8℃. The specific value of d needs to be determined based on the experimental data of the specific unit.

[0044] If the outdoor ambient temperature T d ≥T l If +d, it indicates that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, requiring further assessment. In this case, the control terminal will adjust the settings based on the indoor ambient temperature T. n and user preset temperature T s Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; specifically including: If T s ≥T n +n indicates that the indoor ambient temperature has not yet reached the user-set temperature, but the unit is already at risk of frosting. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the compressor frequency to improve the unit's capacity. The control terminal controls the compressor to increase the frequency, which further increases the risk of fin frosting. Therefore, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger and uses the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to heat the heating element. After heating, the control terminal returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c .

[0045] Here, n is a preset threshold value, representing the allowable error between the user-set temperature and the indoor ambient temperature. The value of n depends on the specific unit, and generally ranges from 1 to 2℃. When the compressor increases its frequency, F... i =F i-1 +(T s -T n ) / b, where F i-1 is the operating frequency of the compressor before frequency increase, and b is a preset fixed value.

[0046] If T s <T n +n, and T n ≥T s This indicates that the indoor ambient temperature is higher than the user-set temperature, at which point the compressor frequency can be reduced. The control unit then controls the compressor to reduce its frequency until T... n <T s ; wherein, when the compressor reduces its frequency, F i =F i-1 -(T n -T s ) / a, where F i-1 The compressor's operating frequency before frequency reduction; 'a' is a preset fixed value. After frequency reduction, the judgment continues for T. n ≥T s If the relationship holds true, then continue to reduce the frequency, controlling the compressor frequency to F. i =F i -(T s -Tn ) / a, until T n <T s .

[0047] If T s <T n +n, and T n <T s The control unit first adjusts the indoor temperature, then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger; specifically including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max This refers to the preset maximum speed of the outdoor fan. Specifically, increasing the outdoor fan speed can be achieved by controlling the outdoor fan speed V. i =V i-1 +x, where x is the minimum wind speed difference between two adjacent windshields, typically 50. V i-1 This indicates the outdoor fan speed before the speed was increased.

[0048] If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i <K m Then the control terminal increases the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, controlling the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i =K i-1 +y; the value of y depends on the unit's valve control, and is generally 5~10, V i-1 This indicates the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve before the opening degree is increased. After increasing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the control terminal obtains the low-pressure temperature T corresponding to the pressure sensor. l Outdoor ambient temperature T d outdoor fin temperature T c If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, and T d ≥T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; if the outdoor fin temperature T c >0, or T d <T l If +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c Outdoor ambient temperature Td and low pressure temperature T l Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0049] If K i ≥K m If the control unit determines that there is a significant risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, it will activate the wind power energy storage heating device to heat the fins. After heating, it will continue to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0050] This application first determines the outdoor fan speed and then the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve to raise the indoor ambient temperature. This method considers that the outdoor fan speed has a relatively small adjustable range and is easier to adjust, while the electronic expansion valve has a larger adjustable range and is more difficult to adjust. Therefore, prioritizing the easier-to-adjust parameter and then adjusting the electronic expansion valve based on this parameter improves the efficiency of the control system.

[0051] Example 4 This embodiment provides a control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner. The air conditioner is a water-cooled air conditioner. Before the water-cooled air conditioner starts operating, it is necessary to determine whether it meets the start-up adjustment requirements. For example... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: Turning on the air conditioner here means connecting the power supply, setting the heating mode, and setting the user-preset temperature T. s The control terminal reads the inlet water temperature T of the heat exchange pipe. 水 According to the inlet water temperature T 水 Determine if the unit start-up conditions are met, if the inlet water temperature T 水 If the inlet water temperature T is greater than or equal to the preset value, the unit start-up conditions are met; 水 If the water temperature is lower than the preset value, the unit's start-up conditions are not met. In this case, the anti-freeze mode is activated to heat the water in the heat exchange pipes until the inlet water temperature T is reached. 水 Greater than or equal to the preset value.

[0052] If the inlet water temperature T 水 If the start-up conditions are met, the air conditioner will be turned on and will operate normally in heating mode. The control unit will then obtain the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c ; If the outdoor fin temperature T cIf the temperature is >0, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and simultaneously returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c .

[0053] If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, the control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; specifically including: If the outdoor ambient temperature T d <T l If +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and simultaneously returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Wherein, d is a preset fixed value, and the range of d is generally 6-8℃. The specific value of d needs to be determined based on the experimental data of the specific unit.

[0054] If the outdoor ambient temperature T d ≥T l If +d, it indicates that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, requiring further assessment. In this case, the control terminal will adjust the settings based on the indoor ambient temperature T. n and user preset temperature T s Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; specifically including: If T s ≥T n +n indicates that the indoor ambient temperature has not yet reached the user-set temperature, but the unit is already at risk of frosting. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the compressor frequency to improve the unit's capacity. The control terminal controls the compressor to increase the frequency, which further increases the risk of fin frosting. Therefore, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger and uses the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to heat the heating element. After heating, the control terminal returns to continue monitoring the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c .

[0055] Here, n is a preset threshold value, representing the allowable error between the user-set temperature and the indoor ambient temperature. The value of n depends on the specific unit, and generally ranges from 1 to 2℃. When the compressor increases its frequency, F... i =F i-1 +(T s -T n ) / b, where F i-1is the operating frequency of the compressor before frequency increase, and b is a preset fixed value.

[0056] If T s <T n +n, and T n ≥T s This indicates that the indoor ambient temperature is higher than the user-set temperature, at which point the compressor frequency can be reduced. The control unit then controls the compressor to reduce its frequency until T... n <T s ; wherein, when the compressor reduces its frequency, F i =F i-1 -(T n -T s ) / a, where F i-1 The compressor's operating frequency before frequency reduction; 'a' is a preset fixed value. After frequency reduction, the judgment continues for T. n ≥T s If the relationship holds true, then continue to reduce the frequency, controlling the compressor frequency to F. i =F i -(T s -T n ) / a, until T n <T s .

[0057] If T s <T n +n, and T n <T s The control unit first adjusts the indoor temperature, then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger; specifically including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max This refers to the preset maximum speed of the outdoor fan. Specifically, increasing the outdoor fan speed can be achieved by controlling the outdoor fan speed V. i =V i-1 +x, where x is the minimum wind speed difference between two adjacent windshields, typically 50. V i-1 This indicates the outdoor fan speed before the speed was increased.

[0058] If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i <K mThen the control terminal increases the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, controlling the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i =K i-1 +y; the value of y depends on the unit's valve control, and is generally 5~10, V i-1 This indicates the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve before the opening degree is increased. After increasing the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, the control terminal obtains the low-pressure temperature T corresponding to the pressure sensor. l Outdoor ambient temperature T d outdoor fin temperature T c If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, and T d ≥T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; if the outdoor fin temperature T c >0, or T d <T l If +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c Outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0059] If K i ≥K m If the control unit determines that there is a significant risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, it will activate the wind power energy storage heating device to heat the fins. After heating, it will continue to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

[0060] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0061] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air conditioner, comprising an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a control terminal, wherein the indoor heat exchanger, the compressor, and the outdoor heat exchanger form a refrigerant circulation system, and an outdoor fan is provided on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger; Its features are, A magnetoelectric component is installed on the side of the outdoor fan; a heating component is installed on the outside of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the magnetoelectric component and the heating component are electrically connected; the magnetoelectric component generates and stores electrical energy when the outdoor fan rotates; when the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to heat the heating component; the outdoor heat exchanger includes outdoor fins, and a first outdoor temperature detection element and a second outdoor temperature detection element are installed on the side of the outdoor heat exchanger, the first temperature detection element being used to obtain the outdoor fin temperature; The outdoor second temperature sensor is used to obtain the outdoor ambient temperature. A pressure sensor is installed at the air intake of the compressor, and the pressure sensor is used to obtain the pressure value at the air intake of the compressor. The outdoor first temperature sensor, the outdoor second temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor are connected to the control terminal. The control terminal determines the low-pressure temperature based on the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor. The low-pressure temperature is the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor. The outdoor heat exchanger includes outdoor fins; If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤ 0, the control end determines whether there is a frost risk according to the outdoor ambient temperature T d and the low-pressure temperature T l ; If the outdoor fin temperature T c > 0, the control end determines that there is no frost risk for the outdoor heat exchanger, and the control end continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T c ; The control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T. d and low pressure temperature T l Determining whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger includes: If the outdoor ambient temperature T d ≥T l +d, then the control terminal will adjust according to the indoor ambient temperature T n and user preset temperature T s Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; If the outdoor ambient temperature T d <T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Where d is a preset fixed value.

2. An air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, An indoor first temperature detection element is provided on the side of the indoor heat exchanger. The indoor first temperature detection element is used to obtain the indoor ambient temperature and is communicatively connected to the control terminal.

3. A control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner, characterized in that, Operating the air conditioner according to any one of claims 1-2 includes: The control terminal determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger. If there is a risk of frost formation, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component. The outdoor heat exchanger includes outdoor fins; If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, the control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; If the outdoor fin temperature T c If the temperature is >0, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c ; The control terminal is based on the outdoor ambient temperature T. d and low pressure temperature T l Determining whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger includes: If the outdoor ambient temperature T d ≥T l +d, then the control terminal will adjust according to the indoor ambient temperature T n and user preset temperature T s Determine if there is a risk of frost formation; If the outdoor ambient temperature T d <T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Where d is a preset fixed value.

4. The control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control terminal is based on the indoor ambient temperature T. n and user preset temperature T s Determining whether there is a risk of frost formation includes: If T s ≥T n If +n, the control terminal controls the compressor to increase its frequency. At the same time, if the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, the control terminal controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; n is a preset threshold. If T s <T n +n, and T n ≥T s Then the control terminal controls the compressor to reduce its frequency until T n <T s ; If T s <T n +n, and T n <T s If so, the control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, and then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger.

5. The control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the compressor reduces frequency, F i =F i-1 -(T n -T s ) / a, where F i-1 The operating frequency of the compressor before frequency reduction; 'a' is a preset fixed value; When the compressor increases frequency, F i =F i-1 +(T s -T n ) / b, where F i-1 is the operating frequency of the compressor before frequency increase, and b is a preset fixed value.

6. The control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max The maximum speed of the outdoor fan is preset. If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i <K m Then, the control terminal increases the opening of the electronic expansion valve, and at the same time, the control terminal obtains the low-pressure temperature T corresponding to the pressure sensor. l Outdoor ambient temperature T d outdoor fin temperature T c If the outdoor fin temperature T c ≤0, and T d ≥T l If +d, the control terminal determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, and controls the electrical energy stored in the magnetoelectric component to be used to heat the heating component; if the outdoor fin temperature T c >0, or T d <T l If +d is selected, the control terminal determines that there is no risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, and at the same time, the control terminal continues to monitor the outdoor fin temperature T. c Outdoor ambient temperature T d and low pressure temperature T l Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

7. The control method for preventing frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control terminal first adjusts the indoor temperature, then determines whether there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger, including: The control terminal reads the outdoor fan speed V. i and the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve i If V i <V max Then the control terminal controls the outdoor fan speed to increase until V i ≥V max V max The maximum speed of the outdoor fan is preset. If V i ≥V max Then the control terminal reads the opening degree K of the electronic expansion valve. i ; If K i ≥K m If the control unit determines that there is a risk of frost formation on the outdoor fins, it will activate the wind power energy storage heating device to heat the fins. After heating, it will continue to monitor the outdoor ambient temperature T. d Low pressure temperature T l outdoor fin temperature T c Among them, K m The maximum opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is preset.

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