A coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device and its power coupling method

Abstract

This invention relates to a coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device, comprising a socket, a cap fixed to and mating with the socket, a circulator with three ports, a wavelength selective switch connected to the first port of the circulator, an optical power meter located on the side of the circulator opposite to the wavelength selective switch, the optical power meter being connected to the third port of the circulator, and a transmission optical fiber between the circulator and the wavelength selective switch, the transmission optical fiber being connected to the second port of the circulator. This invention employs a coupling method that uses light of different wavelengths emitted from the optical fiber to the device, then reflected back by the light-emitting surface of the optical device, and uses the displayed value of the optical power meter to adjust the positions of the transmitting and receiving ends. This avoids repeated power-on / off cycles at the transmitting and receiving ends, simplifies the coupling process, improves coupling efficiency, eliminates the need for expensive power supply equipment, and significantly reduces equipment costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical coupling technology, and in particular to a coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device and its power coupling method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing devices for single-fiber bidirectional transmission generally employ a coupling method that powers the laser, i.e.

[0003] Transmitter: First, turn on the power to the laser to make it emit light. Then, adjust the laser or fiber optic cable for coupling. Connect the other end of the fiber optic cable to an optical power meter. When the optical power meter displays the maximum received optical power, fix the laser.

[0004] Receiver: The receiver needs to be connected to a power source and an ammeter. When light is received, there will be current fluctuations. The other end of the optical fiber is connected to the light source. Then, adjust the position of the receiver so that the ammeter reading is at its maximum, which means that the coupling of the receiver is complete.

[0005] The above-mentioned coupling method for single-fiber bidirectional devices has the following disadvantages:

[0006] 1. The power supply to the transmitter and receiver needs to be switched on multiple times. For TO packages, the chip needs to be wired to be powered on. After wire bonding, the chip is limited by the length of the gold wire and is not easy to move and couple. This requires high process requirements and the process is also more complicated.

[0007] Because the transmitter and receiver have high power requirements, the power supply equipment is expensive, resulting in huge investment costs in the product production line and high equipment depreciation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing optical coupling methods for single-wire bidirectional devices use the method of energizing the transmitter and receiver separately. However, the size of the external optical fiber is relatively small, which is not conducive to light finding, making it difficult to form a light spot on the surface of the optical fiber. Furthermore, when moving to determine the optimal coupling position, repeated wire bonding is required, resulting in low coupling efficiency.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device includes a tube base, a tube cap fixed on and matched with the tube base, a circulator with three ports, a wavelength selective switch connected to the first port of the circulator, an optical power meter on the other side of the circulator away from the wavelength selective switch, the optical power meter being connected to the third port of the circulator, a transmission optical fiber between the wavelength selective switch and the optical power meter being connected to the second port of the circulator, a spherical lens on the surface of the tube cap, a transmitter, a receiver, and a beam splitter on the surface of the tube base, and a wavelength selective switch connected to an external light source. A beam emitted from the external light source enters the wavelength selective switch. When coupling the transmitter, the wavelength selective switch is controlled to polarize the incoming beam, allowing beams with the same wavelength as the beam emitted from the transmitter to pass through. After the beam passes through the circulator, the wavelength selective switch... The beam changes direction and enters the transmission fiber. Passing through a spherical lens, it is reflected at the beam-splitting diaphragm and then enters the transmitter. At the transmitter surface, the beam undergoes specular reflection and returns to the circulator. The circulator deflects the returning beam and directs it into the optical power meter. The degree of coupling at the transmitter is determined based on the power meter reading. When coupling at the receiver, a wavelength selection switch is used to polarize the incoming beam, allowing beams with the same wavelength as the receiver to pass through. After passing through the circulator, the beam changes direction and enters the transmission fiber. Passing through a spherical lens, it is transmitted to the beam-splitting diaphragm and then enters the receiver. At the receiver surface, the beam undergoes specular reflection and returns to the circulator. The circulator deflects the returning beam and directs it into the optical power meter. The degree of coupling at the receiver is determined based on the power meter reading.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention adopts a coupling method in which light of different wavelengths is emitted from an optical fiber to a device, then reflected back by the light-emitting surface of the optical device, and the position of the transmitting end and the receiving end is adjusted by using the display value of the optical power meter. This method avoids repeated power-on of the transmitting end and the receiving end. This invention simplifies the coupling process, improves the efficiency of the coupling process, eliminates the need to purchase expensive power supply equipment, and significantly reduces equipment costs.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmitting end is a transmitting optical chip, and the receiving end is a receiving optical chip.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is to provide an optical power coupling method based on the above-mentioned coupling structure of a single-fiber bidirectional device.

[0014] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: an optical power coupling method based on a single-fiber bidirectional device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Control the wavelength selection switch to select a beam with the same wavelength as the transmitter. The beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, enters the transmission fiber, reaches the spherical lens, is reflected by the beam splitter and enters the transmitter. Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the transmitter. The beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator, where it is received by the optical power meter.

[0016] Step 2: Adjust the relative positions of the transmitter, the cap, and the transmission fiber until the optical power meter displays the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency;

[0017] Step 3: Fix the transmitter end; optical coupling at the transmitter end is complete.

[0018] Step 4: Control the wavelength selection switch to select the light beam with the same wavelength as the receiving end. The light beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, enters the transmission fiber, reaches the spherical lens, passes through the beam splitter and enters the receiving end. Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the receiving end. The light beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator, where it is received by the optical power meter.

[0019] Step 5: Adjust the position of the receiver until the optical power meter displays the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency;

[0020] Step 6: Fix the receiving end; optical coupling at the receiving end is complete. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during transmitter coupling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving end coupling in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0024] 1. Tube socket, 2. Transmitter, 3. Receiver, 4. Beam splitter, 5. Spherical lens, 6. Circulator, 7. Wavelength selective switch, 8. Transmission fiber, 9. Optical power meter. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Example

[0027] like Figs. 1-2As shown, a coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device includes a tube base 1, a tube cap 5 fixed to and matched with the tube base 1, a circulator 6 with three ports, and a wavelength selective switch 7 connected to the first port of the circulator 6. An optical power meter 9 is located on the side of the circulator 6 opposite to the wavelength selective switch 7 and is connected to the third port of the circulator 6. A transmission optical fiber 8 is provided between the wavelength selective switch 7 and the optical power meter 9 and is connected to the second port of the circulator 6. A spherical lens is provided on the surface of the tube cap 5. A transmitter 2, a receiver 3, and a beam splitter 4 are provided on the surface of the tube base 1. The wavelength selective switch 7 is connected to an external light source. A beam emitted from the external light source enters the wavelength selective switch 7. When coupling the transmitter 2, the wavelength selective switch 7 is controlled to polarize the incoming beam, allowing beams with the same wavelength as the beam emitted from the transmitter 2 to pass through. After passing through the circulator 6, the beam changes direction and continues to move forward. The light beam enters the transmission fiber 8, passes through the spherical lens 5, reaches the beam splitter 4 for reflection, and then enters the transmitter 2. The light beam undergoes specular reflection on the surface of the transmitter 2 and returns to the circulator 6 along the same path. The circulator 6 deflects the direction of the returning light beam and directs it into the optical power meter 9. The degree of coupling at the transmitter 2 is determined based on the value displayed on the power meter 9. When coupling at the receiver 3, the wavelength selection switch 7 controls the polarization selection of the incident light beam, allowing the light beam with the same wavelength as the receiver 3 to pass through. After passing through the circulator 6, the light beam changes direction and enters the transmission fiber 8. The light beam passes through the spherical lens 5, reaches the beam splitter 4 for transmission, and then enters the receiver 3. The light beam undergoes specular reflection on the surface of the receiver 3 and returns to the circulator 6 along the same path. The circulator 6 deflects the direction of the returning light beam and directs it into the optical power meter 9. The degree of coupling at the receiver 3 is determined based on the value displayed on the power meter 9.

[0028] The working principle is as follows: When coupling the receiver 3, the wavelength of the external light beam is selected by the wavelength selection switch 7, so that the light beam with the same wavelength as the receiver 3 can pass through and enter the circulator 6. After being guided by the circulator 6, the light beam passes through the spherical lens and is transmitted at the beam splitter, and finally reaches the receiver 3. The light beam undergoes specular reflection on the light-emitting surface of the receiver 3, so that the light beam returns to the circulator 6 along the original path and finally exits from the third port of the circulator 6 and is received by the optical power meter 9. By adjusting the position of the receiver 3, the value of the optical power meter 9 changes until the value of the optical power meter 9 reaches the maximum value. Then the receiver 3 is fixed, and the optical coupling process of the receiver 3 is completed.

[0029] When coupling the transmitter 2, the wavelength selection switch 7 selects the wavelength of the external beam, allowing the beam with the same wavelength as the transmitter 2 to pass through and enter the circulator 6. Guided by the circulator 6, the beam passes through the spherical lens and is reflected at the beam splitter diaphragm, finally reaching the transmitter 2. The beam undergoes specular reflection on the light-emitting surface of the transmitter 2, causing it to return along its original path and enter the circulator 6. Finally, it exits from the third port of the circulator 6 and is received by the optical power meter 9. By adjusting the position of the transmitter 2, the value of the optical power meter 9 changes until the value of the optical power meter 9 reaches its maximum value. Then, the transmitter 2 is fixed, completing the optical coupling process of the transmitter 2. This allows the device to couple the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3 without repeatedly powering on the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3, avoiding the trouble of frequently moving the transmitter 2 and the receiver 3 and frequently wiring them during coupling.

[0030] The tube base 1 has a base on its surface, on which the transmitter 2 can be mounted. The beam-splitting diaphragm 4 is mounted on the base and located to the right of the transmitter 2. The receiver 3 is mounted on the surface of the tube base and located below the beam-splitting diaphragm 4.

[0031] The present invention provides a light beam with the same wavelength as the transmitter 2 and receiver 3 externally, avoiding the trouble of repeatedly powering on the receiver 3 and transmitter 2 in the prior art, and improving the coupling efficiency of the receiver 3 and transmitter 2 inside the device.

[0032] Preferably, the transmitting end 2 is a transmitting optical chip, and the receiving end 3 is a receiving optical chip.

[0033] The working principle is as follows: the surfaces of existing light-emitting and light-receiving chips are all specular reflective optical mirrors, which allows the light beam to return along the original path.

[0034] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: an optical power coupling method based on a single-fiber bidirectional device, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Control the wavelength selection switch 7 to select the light beam with the same wavelength as the transmitter 2. The light beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, and enters the transmission fiber 8. When it reaches the spherical lens, it is reflected by the beam splitter 4 and enters the transmitter 2. Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the transmitter 2. The light beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator 6, and is received by the optical power meter 9.

[0036] Step 2: Adjust the relative positions of the transmitter 2, the cap 5, and the transmission fiber until the display value of the optical power meter 9 is the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency;

[0037] Step 3: Fix transmitter 2, and optical coupling of transmitter 2 is complete;

[0038] Step 4: Control the wavelength selection switch 7 to select the light beam with the same wavelength as the receiver 3. The light beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, and enters the transmission fiber 8. It reaches the spherical lens, passes through the beam splitter 4, and enters the receiver 3. Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the receiver 3. The light beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator 6. The optical power meter 9 receives the beam.

[0039] Step 5: Adjust the position of receiver 3 until the value displayed on optical power meter 9 is the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency;

[0040] Step 6: Fix receiver 3, and optical coupling of receiver 3 is complete.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device, characterized in that, The device includes a tube base (1), a tube cap (5) fixed to and matched with the tube base (1), a circulator (6) with three ports, and a wavelength selection switch (7) connected to the first port of the circulator (6). An optical power meter (9) is provided on the other side of the circulator (6) away from the wavelength selection switch (7). The optical power meter (9) is connected to the third port of the circulator (6). A transmission optical fiber (8) is provided between the wavelength selection switch (7) and the optical power meter (9) of the circulator (6). The transmission optical fiber (8) is connected to the second port of the circulator (6). The tube cap (5) is connected to the port, and a spherical lens is provided on the surface of the tube base (1). The transmitter (2), receiver (3) and beam splitter (4) are provided on the surface of the tube base (1). The wavelength selection switch (7) is connected to an external light source. The light beam emitted from the external light source enters the wavelength selection switch (7). When coupling the transmitter (2), the wavelength selection switch (7) is controlled to polarize the incoming light beam so that the light beam with the same wavelength as the light beam emitted by the transmitter (2) passes through. After the light beam passes through the circulator (6), its direction changes and it enters the transmission optical fiber. In (8), the beam passes through the spherical lens (5), reaches the beam splitter (4) for reflection, and then enters the transmitter (2). The beam undergoes specular reflection on the surface of the transmitter (2) and returns to the circulator (6) along the same path. The circulator (6) deflects the direction of the returning beam and directs it into the optical power meter (9). Based on the value displayed by the power meter (9), the coupling degree of the transmitter (2) is determined. When coupling the receiver (3), the wavelength selection switch (7) is controlled to perform polarization selection on the incident beam, so that... A beam of the same wavelength as the receiver (3) passes through. After passing through the circulator (6), the beam changes direction and enters the transmission fiber (8). The beam passes through the spherical lens (5) and reaches the beam splitter (4) for transmission. Then it enters the receiver (3). The beam undergoes specular reflection on the surface of the receiver (3) and returns to the circulator (6) along the same path. The circulator (6) deflects the direction of the returning beam and makes it enter the optical power meter (9). The coupling degree of the receiver (3) is determined according to the value displayed by the power meter (9).

2. The coupling structure based on a single-fiber bidirectional device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting end (2) is a transmitting optical chip, and the receiving end (3) is a receiving optical chip.

3. An optical power coupling method based on a single-fiber bidirectional device, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Control the wavelength selection switch (7) to select the light beam with the same wavelength as the transmitter (2) to pass through. The light beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, and enters the transmission fiber (8). When it reaches the spherical lens, it enters the transmitter (2) after being reflected by the beam splitter (4). Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the transmitter (2). The light beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator (6), and is received by the optical power meter (9). Step 2: Adjust the relative positions of the transmitter (2), the cap (5), and the transmission fiber until the value displayed by the optical power meter (9) is the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency; Step 3: Fix the transmitter (2), and the optical coupling of the transmitter (2) is completed; Step 4: Control the wavelength selection switch (7) to select the light beam with the same wavelength as the receiver (3) to pass through. The light beam enters from the first port, exits from the second port, and enters the transmission fiber (8). It reaches the spherical lens, passes through the beam splitter (4), and enters the receiver (3). Mirror emission occurs on the surface of the receiver (3). The light beam returns to the second port along the original path and exits from the third port of the circulator (6). The optical power meter (9) receives the light beam. Step 5: Adjust the position of the receiver (3) until the value displayed by the optical power meter (9) is the maximum value, thus achieving the best coupling efficiency; Step 6: Fix the receiver (3), and the optical coupling of the receiver (3) is completed.

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