A method for constructing a substitute bill of materials (BOM) based on an MBOM

Abstract

The application provides a kind of based on MBOM's alternative material BOM construction method, comprising: step 1, establishing alternative relationship database information;Step 2, obtaining project MBOM structure, with alternative relationship database association query, obtain alternative material information;Step 3, alternative MBOM structure material, build BOM structure containing alternative material;Step 4, update alternative material BOM related attribute.Can solve the problem that product manufacturing process, because the original material inventory is tight, procurement or manufacturing cycle is long and other reasons cannot meet the needs of product original production plan, etc., need to use the material with same or similar function and performance index to replace the restricted material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material substitution BOM technology in enterprise production organization processes, and more specifically, to a method for constructing a substitute material BOM based on MBOM. Background Technology

[0002] As the basis for driving product manufacturing, MBOM not only carries data such as EBOM and PBOM, but also carries certain planning and quality requirements. It is the result of manufacturing planning and an important input to ensure the orderly progress of product manufacturing and procurement processes. Due to various constraints, enterprises cannot use the original EBOM structure for production or procurement, but they cannot disrupt the normal production and procurement processes. In particular, electronic equipment products have complex structures, involve many components and parts, and have complex process control. Studying how to flexibly use MBOM is an effective way to solve the above problems.

[0003] Currently, substitute materials are used in most enterprises, but there is no substitute material BOM construction method based on MBOM. Many ERP systems maintain substitute material relationships on the material base data or establish substitution relationships on orders. However, this substitute material maintenance method can only be broadcast to all projects, all BOMs, and all orders, or make replacements on orders according to project needs each time. It cannot meet the requirements of substitution based on projects, substitution based on parent-child relationships in BOMs, and substitution that automatically adapts to the substitution cycle. At the same time, it requires regular maintenance by humans, which increases human workload. Moreover, if the substitution relationship is not updated in time, it can easily affect product quality, increase enterprise costs, and reduce flexibility. In addition, substitution in ERP is usually only suitable for the substitution of purchased equipment and cannot meet the substitution of self-made parts with BOM structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to provide a method for constructing alternative material BOMs based on MBOMs, in order to solve the problem that during the product manufacturing process, due to reasons such as tight inventory of original materials, long procurement or manufacturing cycles, the original production plan cannot be met, and materials with the same or similar functions and performance indicators need to be used to replace the restricted materials.

[0005] This invention provides a method for constructing an alternative material BOM based on MBOM, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Establish the alternative relationship database information;

[0007] Step 2: Obtain the project MBOM structure, and query the alternative relationship database to obtain alternative material information;

[0008] Step 3: Replace the materials in the MBOM structure and construct a BOM structure that includes the replaced materials;

[0009] Step 4: Update the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM.

[0010] Furthermore, the substitution relationship database information established in step 1 includes: project information, parent number of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, effective start date, effective end date, and effective status; among them, the relevant information of the substituted material and the substituted material is mandatory, and the remaining information is optional; each column in the substitution relationship database represents a substitution constraint, and substitution can only occur when all substitution relationships satisfy the substitution constraints. When a substitution constraint is empty, it means that the substitution is not restricted by that substitution constraint.

[0011] Furthermore, the "substituted material" in the substitution relationship database established in step 1 can be either a self-made part or a purchased part, and can be either a material with a BOM structure or a material without a BOM structure. If it is a material with a BOM structure, when substitution occurs, the substituted material and its BOM structure should be completely replaced.

[0012] Furthermore, the "substitute materials" in the substitution relationship database established in step 1 can be either self-made parts or purchased parts, and can be materials with or without a BOM structure. If the material has a BOM structure, when substitution occurs, the substitute material and its BOM structure should be added to the MBOM structure.

[0013] Furthermore, whether the "substituted material" in the substitution relationship database established in step 1 contains a BOM structure is not constrained by the "substitute material", and vice versa.

[0014] Furthermore, in the substitution relationship database established in step 1, the "start date of validity period" indicates that the substitution relationship is implemented from the start of the validity period, and filling in the end date of validity period indicates that the substitution relationship ends after the validity period expires; leaving the validity period blank indicates that it is permanently valid, or invalid after other constraints are met.

[0015] Furthermore, the substitution constraint in the substitution relationship database established in step 1 is based on inventory information and is associated with the inventory information in the ERP system. When the consumption of the substitute material inventory reaches a specified amount, the substitution status in the database is automatically set to invalid.

[0016] Furthermore, the substitution constraint levels in the substitution relationship database information established in step 1, from high to low, are: valid status, project information, parent number of the substituted material, quantity of the substituted material, and quantity of the substituted material.

[0017] Furthermore, constraints with higher substitution levels are checked only after they are satisfied; substitution can only proceed after all lower substitution levels are met. The determination of whether a constraint is satisfied is as follows:

[0018] (1) Substitute tuples in invalid states do not undergo substitution;

[0019] (2) For substitute tuples without project information constraints, any batch of MBOM can be substituted;

[0020] (3) For substitution tuples with project information constraints, check whether the MBOM project information of this batch is consistent with the project information in the substitution relation database. If they are consistent, they are substituted; otherwise, they are not substituted.

[0021] (4) For substitute tuples that do not specify the "parent number of the replaced material", substitute directly;

[0022] (5) The substitution tuple that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material" will only be substituted in the BOM that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material".

[0023] (6) For substitute tuples that do not specify the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material, the entire quantity is substituted;

[0024] (7) If the substitute tuple specifies the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material, the actual quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material on the BOM need to be updated.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 4, updating the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM includes:

[0026] (1) The basic attribute information of the replaced material comes from the MBOM basic data source database;

[0027] (2) For the substitution relationship of full substitution, the substituted material no longer has an effect on the production plan, the quantity of the substituted material is updated to 0, the quantity of the substituted material comes from the original quantity of the "substituted material", and the substituted material is still retained in MBOM.

[0028] (3) For partial substitution relationships, the quantity of the substituted material comes from the "quantity of the substituted material" in the substitution relationship database, and the quantity of the substituted material comes from the "quantity of the substituted material" in the substitution relationship database.

[0029] (4) The replaced material and the substitute material are marked with “replaced” and “substituted” information respectively, which facilitates traceability afterward.

[0030] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] This invention addresses the problem in product manufacturing where existing material inventory is insufficient to meet original production plans due to factors such as tight inventory or long procurement or manufacturing cycles, necessitating the replacement of constrained materials with materials possessing similar or identical functions and performance characteristics. It also features the following characteristics:

[0032] (1) Applicable to product manufacturing and outsourcing business scenarios;

[0033] (2) A describable and achievable alternative material relationship construction rule has been formed and combined with MBOM, which can be applied to software automatic implementation to drive ERP system planning, scheduling, material management, procurement management, etc.

[0034] (3) Support product-oriented substitution, non-oriented substitution, substitution dependent on project constraints, and their combined business needs;

[0035] (4) It affects the original procurement plan and procurement cycle, and reduces costs by digesting existing inventory;

[0036] (5) Achieve planned manufacturing and reduce interference with the plan;

[0037] (6) By setting an expiration date, the material replacement cycle can be controlled. For alternative materials to digest inventory, the material replacement cycle can be determined by comparing inventory. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the alternative material BOM construction method based on MBOM in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of material substitution based on project information in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of directional substitution in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of non-directional substitution in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the alternative material BOM in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a substitute material containing a BOM structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the replacement BOM feature elements in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an alternative example in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a method for constructing a substitute material BOM based on MBOM. The BOM content can be tailored to suit different business needs, and it has several characteristics: (1) substitution based on expiration date; (2) substitution based on inventory information; (3) substitution based on project information; (4) limited quantity and full quantity substitution; (6) targeted substitution and non-targeted substitution. It is worth noting that this invention does not change the BOM structure of the substitute material itself, but rather changes the structure of the MBOM containing the substituted material. The MBOM-based method for constructing a substitute material BOM includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Establish the substitution relationship database information, including: project information, parent number of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, effective start date, effective end date, and effective status. Among these, the information related to the substituted material and the substituted material is mandatory, while the remaining information is optional. Each column in the substitution relationship database represents a substitution constraint. Substitution can only occur when all substitution relationships satisfy the substitution constraints. When a substitution constraint is empty, it means that the substitution is not restricted by that constraint (if the above quantity information is empty, it can be considered a full substitution). In practical applications, the optional items in the substitution relationship database can be expanded or reduced as needed, as shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1, Substitution Relationship Database:

[0052]

[0053] in:

[0054] (1) Filling in "Project Information" indicates that the substitution tuple is based on project information, used to support the project information requirements based on substitution relationships in the substitution relationship database, and to match substitution constraints in the database. Specifically, the following information can be used: research and development project, production project, or platform information applicable to the project, etc.; such as Figure 2 As shown, C1 in "Project 001" is replaced. If "Project Information" is not filled in, the replaced material will be replaced in any project.

[0055] (2) Entering the "Parent Number of the Substituted Material" indicates that the substitute tuple needs to be directionally substituted (it can only be substituted under this parent number; if the same material is borrowed by other parent materials, it cannot be substituted). This is used to support directional substitution and match substitute materials in the database, representing the parent material of the BOM substitute material, such as... Figure 3 As shown, B1 and B2 are both the parent of material C1, but C1 under B1 is replaced by C2, while C1 under B2 is not replaced.

[0056] (3) If the "Parent Number of the Substituted Material" is not filled in, it indicates that the substitution tuple is a non-directional substitution, used to match the substitution materials in the database, such as Figure 4 As shown, both B1 and B2 have a BOM containing C1, and C1 is replaced by C2 in both cases.

[0057] (4) Enter the “Replaced Material Number” to indicate the material before replacement, used to match the replacement material in the database. The replaced material can be either a self-made part or a purchased part, and can be either a material with a BOM structure or a material with a BOM structure. If it is a material with a BOM structure, when replacement occurs, the replaced material and its BOM structure should be completely replaced. For example Figure 5 As shown. Whether the substituted material has a BOM structure is not limited to "substituted material".

[0058] (5) Enter the "Quantity of Replaced Material" (BOM Ratio), which represents the remaining BOM ratio quantity after the "Replaced Material" is replaced. BOM Ratio: This is the quantity of the replaced material when the parent material quantity is 1. Figure 5 As shown.

[0059] (6) Enter the “Substitute Material Number” to indicate the material that replaces the “Replaced Material”. The substitute material can be a self-made part or a purchased part, and can contain or not contain a BOM (Bill of Materials). If it contains a BOM, the substitute material and its entire BOM should be added to the MBOM when a substitution occurs. Figure 6 As shown. Whether a substitute material has a BOM structure is not limited to the "substituted material".

[0060] (7) Enter the "Quantity of Substitute Material" (BOM Ratio), which represents the actual BOM ratio quantity of the "Substitute Material" after substitution. Figure 5 As shown;

[0061] (8) Filling in the “effective start date” indicates that the substitution relationship will be implemented from the start of the validity period, and filling in the “effective end date” indicates that the substitution relationship will end after the validity period expires; leaving the validity period (effective start date and effective end date) blank indicates that it is valid indefinitely, or invalid after other constraints are met.

[0062] (9) Substitution constraints based on inventory information, that is, associated with inventory information in the ERP system, when the inventory consumption of substitute materials reaches a specified amount, the valid status in the database is automatically set to invalid.

[0063] (10) A valid state can represent the validity of the current state of a substitute tuple (a record in the database). 0 can be used to represent invalidity and 1 to represent validity. Substitute tuples with invalid states will no longer be subject to substitution relations.

[0064] Step 2: Obtain the project MBOM structure and query the substitution relationship database to retrieve substitution material information. The constraint levels in the substitution relationship database established in Step 1, from highest to lowest, are: validity status, project information, parent number of the substituted material, quantity of the substituted material, and quantity of the substitution material (BOM ratio of the substituted material and the BOM ratio of the substitution material). That is, constraints with higher substitution constraint levels are checked only after the higher-level constraints are satisfied, and substitution can only occur after the constraints are met. Specifically:

[0065] (1) Substitute tuples in invalid states do not undergo substitution;

[0066] (2) For substitute tuples without project information constraints, any batch of MBOM can be substituted;

[0067] (3) For substitution tuples with project information constraints, check whether the MBOM project information of this batch is consistent with the project information in the substitution relation database. If they are consistent, they are substituted; otherwise, they are not substituted.

[0068] (4) For substitute tuples that do not specify the "parent number of the replaced material", substitute directly;

[0069] (5) The substitution tuple that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material" will only be substituted in the BOM that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material".

[0070] (6) For substitute tuples that do not specify the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material, the entire quantity is substituted;

[0071] (7) If the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material are specified in the substitution tuple, the actual quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material (BOM ratio) in the BOM need to be updated, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0072] Step 3: Replace the materials in the MBOM structure and construct a BOM structure that includes the replacement materials; that is, add the replacement materials to the MBOM containing the replaced materials, such as... Figure 2 C1 and C2 in the example.

[0073] Step 4, update the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM:

[0074] (1) The basic attribute information of the material being replaced should be derived from the MBOM basic data source database;

[0075] (2) For a full substitution relationship, the substituted material no longer affects the production plan, the quantity of the substituted material is updated to 0, the quantity of the substituted material is derived from the original quantity of the "substituted material", and the substituted material is still retained in the BOM, such as... Figure 4 C1 and C2 in the middle;

[0076] (3) For partial substitution relationships, the quantity of the substituted material (BOM ratio) is derived from the "Quantity of the substituted material (BOM ratio)" in the substitution relationship database, and the quantity of the substituted material (BOM ratio) is derived from the "Quantity of the substituted material (BOM ratio)" in the substitution relationship database.

[0077] (4) It is recommended that the replaced material and the substitute material be marked with “replaced” and “substituted” information respectively for easy traceability afterward.

[0078] Based on the above requirements, alternative BOM feature elements are established, such as... Figure 7 As shown, it includes three elements: substitution constraints, the object to be substituted, and the substitute object. The substitution constraints indicate the conditions under which substitution can occur. The object to be substituted represents the material object in the original BOM that will be replaced. The substitute object represents the material object in the BOM after the replacement. The substitute object and the object to be replaced each contain their own attribute information.

[0079] In the process of lean production management driven by MBOM, alternative material BOMs based on MBOM can support the following application scenarios:

[0080] Application Scenario 1: Consuming existing inventory

[0081] When a certain material has a large inventory in the warehouse, and another material with the same function and performance is used in the product structure, a substitution constraint relationship is established according to the company's material management needs. After review and approval, it is maintained and entered into the database using step 1. When there is a manufacturing task requirement, step 2 is used to obtain the MBOM structure and query it in conjunction with the substitution relationship database to obtain the substitution material information. The substitution material with a large inventory is matched, and step 3 is used to automatically replace the material in the original product structure with the material with a large inventory in the MBOM, thus constructing the substitution material BOM structure. Step 4 is used to update the relevant attributes on the substitution material BOM. The quantity attribute determines the amount of substitution material consumed. When the ERP system performs MRP calculations, it automatically utilizes the existing inventory to achieve the purpose of consuming the existing inventory and reducing the company's costs.

[0082] Application Scenario 2: Meeting the urgent needs of the procurement plan

[0083] If a certain material cannot arrive (on time), but the company has product delivery schedule requirements, and the alternative material has sufficient inventory or can arrive (on time), this problem can be solved by building a substitute material BOM based on MBOM. The implementation method is the same as in application scenario 1. By building the substitute material BOM structure, when the ERP system performs MRP calculations, it automatically utilizes the existing inventory of the substitute material or generates a procurement plan for the substitute material, using materials with sufficient inventory or short procurement cycles to replace the material that cannot arrive on time, thereby reducing the risk to the company's product delivery schedule.

[0084] Application Scenario 3: Reduce the dependence of manufacturing on engineering changes

[0085] Engineering changes are a complex process requiring intricate approval procedures and involving multiple roles, including design, process, manufacturing, warehousing, change specialists, suppliers, and customers. They also necessitate assessing their impact on subsequent tasks. This is especially true if a material is only replaceable within a specific validity period or is only effective for a particular project. Changing the BOM structure through engineering changes can significantly increase workload, lead to increased management costs from repeated changes, and potentially disrupt production schedules. Furthermore, when the substitution relationship is only valid for a specific project, engineering changes often fail to meet business needs. Constructing a substitute material BOM structure and setting constraints such as validity periods and project information can reduce the impact of these factors on manufacturing, decreasing reliance on engineering changes. The implementation method is the same as in application scenario 1.

[0086] Example 1:

[0087] Taking the orientation and partial quantity replacement of C1 in the BOM of a microwave component B1 (in this embodiment, the material code is represented by letters and numbers) in a certain project as an example, the steps are as follows:

[0088] Step 1: Establish the substitution relationship database information: The specific format is as shown in the substitution relationship database table. Add non-critical fields such as the model of the substituted material and the model of the substituted material for easy identification. The specific substitution relationship includes: the parent number of the substituted material (B1), the number of the substituted material (C1), the quantity of the substituted material (2), the number of the substituted material (C2), and the quantity of the substituted material (1). The valid status is 1, and the remaining constraint information is left blank.

[0089] Step 2, obtain the project MBOM structure and query the substitution relationship database to obtain substitution material information: Obtain the structure of B1 in the project MBOM structure, which includes sub-material C1 and the original proportional quantity of C1 (3). Match the substitution relationship database mentioned in Step 1. Since B1 and C1 have the same number and hierarchical relationship as B1 and C1 in the substitution relationship database and are in a valid state, the substitution material number C2 and the substitution material quantity 1 in the substitution relationship database can be obtained. Figure 3 ;

[0090] Step 3, replace the material in the MBOM structure to construct the alternative material BOM structure: According to the alternative material information matched in Step 2, add the alternative material C2 to the BOM structure of B1 to construct the alternative material BOM structure.

[0091] Step 4, update the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM: Based on the alternative material information matched in Step 2 and the alternative material BOM structure constructed in Step 3, update the actual quantity of C2 to 1, the actual quantity of C1 to 2, mark C2 as the alternative material of C1, and C1 as the material being replaced.

[0092] Example 2:

[0093] Taking a component C1 (material code represented by letters and numbers in this example) in a certain project as an example, considering its dependency on the project, validity period, non-targeted nature, and full replacement, the steps include the following:

[0094] Step 1: Establish the substitution relationship database information: The specific format is shown in Table 1, the substitution relationship database. Add non-critical fields such as the model of the substituted material and the model of the substituted material for easy identification. Specific substitution relationships include: project information (e.g., research and development project), effective start date (2023-01-01), effective end date (2024-12-31), substituted material number (C1), substituted material number (C2), with an effective status of 1, and all other constraint information left blank.

[0095] Step 2: Obtain the project MBOM structure and query the substitution relationship database to obtain substitution material information: Obtain the project MBOM structure (assuming it is a research and development project), which includes component C1. Match it with the substitution relationship database mentioned in Step 1. Since the constraints such as project information, C1, and validity period are valid, and the constraint features are in a valid state, the substitution material number C2 in the substitution relationship database can be obtained, such as... Figure 8 As shown;

[0096] Step 3, replace the material in the MBOM structure to construct the alternative material BOM structure: According to the alternative material information matched in Step 2, add the alternative material C2 to the BOM structure of B1 and B2 to construct the alternative material BOM structure.

[0097] Step 4, update the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM: Based on the alternative material information matched in Step 2 and the alternative material BOM structure constructed in Step 3, update the actual quantity of C2 to 3 and 2 respectively, the actual quantity of C1 to 0, mark C2 as the alternative material of C1, and C1 as the material being replaced.

[0098] Using the above MBOM-based alternative material BOM construction method, the specific business scenarios for constructing alternative material BOMs include:

[0099] Scenario 1: Consuming existing inventory

[0100] In Example 2 above, C2 has a large inventory, and its performance, specifications, and other indicators are identical to C1, meeting the constraints of the specified project. After evaluation by relevant parties, C2 can be used to selectively replace C1. During production, C2 automatically and fully replaces C1. When the ERP system runs MRP, C1 is not put into production, and the C2 inventory is consumed. This example demonstrates how information technology can be used to integrate the MBOM design process with the inventory in the ERP system. Once the inventory is depleted, the effective replacement status is set to invalid.

[0101] Application Scenario 2: Meeting the urgent needs of the procurement plan

[0102] As in Examples 1 and 2 above, C1 cannot arrive on time due to various reasons and there is insufficient inventory. Under the premise that C2 can replace C1, C2 is added to the MBOM structure by constructing a substitute material BOM. When the MBOM data enters the ERP system to participate in MRP calculation, the system will automatically generate a demand for C2 to replace (partially) C1. When B1 and B2 are assembled, C2 is used to replace (partially) C1 for assembly, thereby meeting the urgent needs of the procurement plan.

[0103] Application Scenario 3: Reduce the dependence of manufacturing on engineering changes

[0104] As described in Example 1 above, completing one B1 requires three C1 pieces. The three C1 pieces have different assembly positions; for example, C1 pieces in the three installation positions require 2mm, 5mm, and 5mm specifications respectively. Because the initial design of B1 did not strictly specify the C1 specifications, only roughly requiring the use of three C1 pieces in the BOM (in reality, the C1 specification is 5mm), during the manufacturing stage, the producer selects the appropriate specification for assembly based on the actual situation or modifies the 5mm C1 to 2mm to meet the assembly requirements. Later, due to upgraded quality requirements, it is necessary to control the material issuance specifications from the order issuance stage, i.e., issuing materials on demand, and not allowing the producer to perform secondary processing. Since the difference between C2 and C1 is only in specifications, and because there are many similar B1 designs, changing the B1 structure through engineering changes would require significant manpower and time costs. Moreover, given the technical status of B1, no further changes are expected. Therefore, a material BOM structure can be replaced by one C2 piece instead of one C1 piece through MBOM design, without requiring engineering changes.

[0105] As in Example 2 above, if an enterprise needs to replace C1 with C2 due to certain factors within a certain period of time, and if the engineering change method is adopted, (1) it cannot meet the replacement of dependent items, (2) it involves a large amount of changes, and (3) after the validity period expires, it is still necessary to change C2 to C1 through the engineering change method, which has a significant impact on enterprise management and is less feasible. Therefore, the material BOM structure can be replaced by designing based on MBOM, setting the validity period, and replacing one piece of C1 with C2 without engineering changes.

[0106] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an alternative material BOM based on MBOM, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish the alternative relationship database information; Step 2: Obtain the project MBOM structure, and query the alternative relationship database to obtain alternative material information; Step 3: Replace the materials in the MBOM structure and construct a BOM structure that includes the replaced materials; Step 4: Update the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM; The substitution constraint levels in the substitution relationship database established in Step 1, from highest to lowest, are: valid status, project information, parent number of the substituted material, quantity of the substituted material, and quantity of the substituted material. Only after the constraints with higher substitution constraint levels are satisfied are the constraints with lower substitution constraint levels checked, and substitution can only proceed after all constraints are satisfied. The determination of whether the constraints are satisfied is as follows: (1) Substitute tuples in invalid states do not undergo substitution; (2) For substitute tuples without project information constraints, any batch of MBOM can be substituted; (3) For substitution tuples with project information constraints, check whether the MBOM project information of this batch is consistent with the project information in the substitution relation database. If they are consistent, they are substituted; otherwise, they are not substituted. (4) For substitute tuples that do not specify the "parent number of the replaced material", substitute directly; (5) The substitution tuple that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material" will only be substituted in the BOM that specifies the "parent number of the replaced material". (6) For substitute tuples that do not specify the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material, the entire quantity is substituted; (7) If a substitute tuple is specified for the quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material, the actual quantity of the replaced material and the quantity of the substitute material on the BOM need to be updated. In step 4, updating the relevant attributes of the alternative material BOM includes: (1) The basic attribute information of the replaced material comes from the MBOM basic data source database; (2) For a full substitution relationship, the substituted material no longer affects the production plan, the quantity of the substituted material is updated to 0, the quantity of the substituted material comes from the original quantity of the "substituted material", and the substituted material is still retained in the BOM. (3) For partial substitution relationships, the quantity of the substituted material comes from the "quantity of the substituted material" in the substitution relationship database, and the quantity of the substituted material comes from the "quantity of the substituted material" in the substitution relationship database; (4) The replaced material and the substitute material are marked with "replaced" and "substituted" information respectively, which facilitates traceability afterward.

2. The method for constructing an alternative material BOM based on MBOM according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substitution relationship database information established in Step 1 includes: project information, parent number of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, substituted material number, quantity of the substituted material, effective start date, effective end date, and effective status. Among these, the information related to the substituted material and the substituted material is mandatory, while the rest is optional. Each column in the substitution relationship database represents a substitution constraint. Substitution can only occur when all substitution relationships satisfy the substitution constraints. When a substitution constraint is empty, it means that substitution is not restricted by that constraint.

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