Antenna device and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna device and an electronic device. The directional coupling network of the antenna device comprises a first port, a second port and a third port. The first port is electrically connected with a first feed source. The second port is electrically connected with a first radiator. The third port is electrically connected with a second radiator. When the first port is connected with the second port and the third port respectively, part of the first excitation current flows to the first radiator through the first port and the second port, and another part of the first excitation current flows to the second radiator through the first port and the third port. The directional coupling network can adjust the phase of at least one excitation current in the two parts of the first excitation current, so that the number of radiation nulls of the third radiation field generated by the first radiator and the second radiator is less than the number of radiation nulls of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator and the second radiation field generated by the second radiator. Based on this, the antenna device has lower directivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna device and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, electronic devices such as smartphones are able to perform more and more functions, and their communication modes are becoming more diversified. Understandably, each communication mode of an electronic device requires a corresponding antenna to support it.

[0003] However, with the development of electronic technology, electronic devices are becoming smaller and thinner, and the internal space of electronic devices is also getting smaller. The antennas are more directional, which can easily lead to a decline in antenna power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna device and an electronic device, wherein the antenna device may have low directivity.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna device, comprising:

[0006] The first feed source is used to provide the first excitation current;

[0007] The first radiator generates a first radiation field under the action of the first excitation current;

[0008] The second radiator generates a second radiation field under the action of the first excitation current;

[0009] A directional coupling network includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is electrically connected to the first feed source, the second port is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the third port is electrically connected to the second radiator.

[0010] When the first port is connected to the second port and the third port respectively, a portion of the first excitation current flows through the first port and the second port to the first radiator, and another portion of the first excitation current flows through the first port and the third port to the second radiator. Under the action of the portion of the first excitation current, the first radiator and the second radiator together generate a third radiation field under the action of the other portion of the first excitation current.

[0011] The directional coupling network is used to adjust the phase of at least one of the first excitation currents in the first part and the second part, so that the number of radiation nulls in the third radiation field is less than the number of radiation nulls in the first radiation field and the second radiation field.

[0012] Secondly, this application also provides an electronic device including the antenna device described above.

[0013] In the antenna device and electronic equipment of this application, when the first port of the directional coupling network is connected to the second and third ports respectively, the first and second ports can form a first current path, and the first and third ports can form a second current path. The first excitation current provided by the first feed source can flow to the first radiator through the first current path and to the second radiator through the second current path. The directional coupling network can adjust the phase of the first excitation current flowing to the first and second radiators, so that the first and second radiators can jointly generate a third radiation field. Based on this, the antenna device of this application, on the one hand, has fewer radiating nulls and a lower directivity coefficient in the third radiation field, and the antenna device can form a radiation pattern with lower directivity, which can improve the spatial coverage range of the antenna device; on the other hand, the antenna device with a lower directivity coefficient is less likely to trigger power back-off, and the antenna device can have higher transmission power, resulting in superior radiation performance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a circuit structure of an antenna device.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the first radiation field produced by the first radiator.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a current distribution of the antenna device.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the third radiation field jointly generated by the first and second radiators.

[0021] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a current distribution of the antenna device.

[0023] Figure 9 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a schematic of an S-parameter curve for the antenna device.

[0024] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the first structural representation of a directional coupling network.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows a circuit structure of an antenna device.

[0027] Figure 13 for Figure 11 The antenna device shown produces a radiation pattern.

[0028] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The antenna device shown produces a radiation pattern.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of this application. Figures 1 to 17 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] This application provides an antenna device 100 and an electronic device 10. The antenna device 100 is used to implement wireless communication functions. For example, but not limited to, the antenna device 100 can support Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals, Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, 3rd Generation (3G), 4th Generation (4G), 5th Generation (5G), Near Field Communication (NFC) signals, Bluetooth (BT) signals, etc.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the antenna device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a circuit structure of the antenna device 100. The antenna device 100 may include a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, a first feed 130, and a directional coupling network 140.

[0035] The first feed source 130 can provide a first excitation current I1. When the first feed source 130 feeds the first excitation current I1 into the first radiator 110, the first radiator 110 can generate a first radiation field under the action of the first excitation current I1. For example, please refer to... Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator 110. The first excitation current I1 can excite the first radiator 110 to generate the first radiation field. This first radiation field can be generated by the first excitation current I1 without passing through the directional coupling network 140. When the first feed source 130 feeds the first excitation current I1 into the second radiator 120, the second radiator 120 can generate a second radiation field under the action of the first excitation current I1. For an example, please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120. The first excitation current I1 can excite the second radiator 120 to generate the second radiation field. This second radiation field can be generated by the second radiator 120 without the first excitation current I1 passing through the directional coupling network 140.

[0036] The directional coupling network 140 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the first feed 130, respectively. The directional coupling network 140 may include a first port a1, a second port a2, and a third port a3. The first port a1 can be electrically connected to the first feed 130, the second port a2 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 110, and the third port a3 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second radiator 120.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a current distribution of the antenna device 100. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the radiation pattern of the third radiation field jointly generated by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. The directional coupling network 140 can selectively connect the first port a1 to the second port a2 and the third port a3 respectively. The first port a1 and the second port a2 can form a current path, for example, a first current path S1, and the first port a1 and the third port a3 can form another current path, for example, a second current path S2. A portion of the first excitation current I1 provided by the first feed 130, I11, can flow along the first current path S1, through the first port a1, to the second port a2, and then to the first radiator 110; another portion of the first excitation current I1 provided by the first feed 130, I12, can flow along the second current path S2, through the first port a1, to the third port a3, and then to the second radiator 120. Under the action of a portion of the first excitation current I11, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, under the action of the other portion of the first excitation current I12, can jointly generate the third radiation field. The directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of at least one of the first excitation currents I11 and I12 to make the number of radiation zeros in the third radiation field less than the number of radiation zeros in the first and second radiation fields.

[0038] It is understandable that the radiation null point can be a region that differs from the maximum radiation value in the radiation pattern by 10 dB. For example... Figure 3 As shown, when the first excitation current I1 excites the first radiator 110 alone, the left and lower right regions of the radiation pattern of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator 110 can produce radiation null points A1 and A2. At this time, the directivity coefficient of the radiation pattern of the first radiation field can be 3.925 dBi. Figure 4As shown, when the first excitation current I1 excites the second radiator 120 alone, the upper and central regions of the radiation pattern of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120 can produce radiation null points A3 and A4. At this time, the directivity coefficient of the radiation pattern of the second radiation field can be 3.247 dBi. Figure 6 As shown, when the first excitation current I1 simultaneously excites the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 through the directional coupling network 140 to jointly generate a third radiation field, the third radiation field is uniformly distributed, has a relatively circular radiation pattern, and basically produces no radiation nulls. The number of radiation nulls in the third radiation field is less than the number of radiation nulls in the first radiation field and also less than the number of radiation nulls in the second radiation field. Furthermore, the directivity coefficient of the radiation pattern of the third radiation field can be less than the directivity coefficient threshold. The directivity coefficient of the radiation pattern of the third radiation field is relatively small, for example... Figure 6 The directional coefficient of the radiation pattern of the third radiation field can be 2.387 dBi, which is much lower than that of the first and second radiation fields.

[0039] In the antenna device 100 of this application embodiment, the first excitation current I1 provided by the first feed 130 can flow to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 respectively after passing through the directional coupling network 140. The directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of part of the first excitation current I11 and another part of the first excitation current I12 flowing to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, so that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can jointly generate a third radiation field with fewer radiating nulls and a smaller directivity coefficient. The antenna device 100 can form a radiation pattern with lower directivity. On the one hand, it can reduce radiating nulls and improve the spatial coverage of the antenna device 100; on the other hand, the antenna device 100 with a lower directivity coefficient is less likely to trigger power back-off, and the antenna device 100 can have higher transmission power and better radiation performance.

[0040] The directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of one or both of the first excitation currents, namely, the portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 and the other portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, according to the radiation pattern of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator 110 and the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120, so that the number of radiation nulls in the synthesized radiation pattern when the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 jointly transmit the first excitation current I1 is less.

[0041] For example, when the zero-radiation region of the first radiation field is complementary to the zero-radiation region of the second radiation field, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase difference between a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 and another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2 by ninety degrees. For example, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 The regions to the left and lower right of the zero points A1 and A2 of the first radiation field are the regions of high radiation intensity of the second radiation field. Figure 4 The upper and central regions where the radiation null points A3 and A4 of the second radiation field are located are the radiation intensity regions of the first radiation field. Therefore, the radiation null point regions of the first and second radiation fields are complementary. Based on the formula that the amplitude of the radiation pattern is proportional to the square of the electric field E, after the directional coupling network 140 adjusts the phase difference between the portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 and the other portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2 by 90 degrees, the radiation pattern of the third radiation field synthesized by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is more circular, the directivity coefficient is smaller, and there are fewer radiation null points.

[0042] It is understood that the directional coupling network 140 may adjust only the phase of a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1, or it may adjust only the phase of another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, or it may adjust the phases of both a portion of the first excitation current I11 and another portion of the first excitation current I12 simultaneously. This application embodiment does not limit the specific adjustment method of the directional coupling network 140.

[0043] It is understood that, depending on the different radiation patterns of the first and second radiation fields, the phase difference between the portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 and the other portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, regulated by the directional coupling network 140, is not limited to 90 degrees. For example, it can be, but is not limited to, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 120 degrees, 180 degrees, etc. Any phase difference that results in a smaller number of radiation null points in the third radiation field is within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0044] In the antenna device 100 of this application embodiment, when the radiation null region of the first radiation field and the radiation null region of the second radiation field are complementary, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 to be 90 degrees different from the phase of another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2. At this time, according to the formula that the amplitude of the radiation pattern is proportional to the square of the electric field E, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can synthesize the radiation patterns of the first radiation field and the second radiation field to form the radiation pattern of the third radiation field with lower directivity, and the antenna device 100 has lower directivity.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, the antenna device 100 can be configured such that the zero-radiation region of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator 110 is complementary to the zero-radiation region of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120 by reasonably setting the positions of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120.

[0046] For example, please refer to again Figure 1 The first radiator 110 may include two opposite ends, one end being directly or indirectly electrically connected to the ground system 200 to form a first ground terminal, and the other end extending in a direction away from the first ground terminal to form a first free end 111. The first free end 111 of the first radiator 110 may extend in a first direction H1. The second radiator 120 may also include two opposite ends, one end being directly or indirectly electrically connected to the ground system 200 to form a second ground terminal, and the other end extending in a direction away from the second ground terminal to form a second free end 112. The second free end 112 of the second radiator 120 may extend in a second direction H2. It is understood that the second direction H2 may be perpendicular to the first direction H1, such that the orientation of the first free end 111 of the first radiator 110 differs from the orientation of the second free end 112 of the second radiator 120 by ninety degrees. In this case, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the zero-radiation region of the first radiation field generated by the first radiator 110 is complementary to the zero-radiation region of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120. The directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 to be 90 degrees out of phase with another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, so that the directionality coefficient of the third radiation field jointly generated by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is lower.

[0047] It is understandable that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be as follows: Figure 1The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are positioned on two different sides, such that the orientations of their free ends differ by 90 degrees. Alternatively, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be positioned on the same side, also with the orientations of their free ends differing by 90 degrees. This application does not limit the specific placement of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in this embodiment. Of course, the placement of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is not limited to the above description. For example, but not limited to, the orientation of the free ends of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can differ by other degrees. In this case, the radiation patterns of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be adjusted in other ways so that the radiation zero-point region of the first radiation field is complementary to the radiation zero-point region of the second radiation field generated by the second radiator 120. Alternatively, the phase of the portion of the first excitation current I1 flowing along the first current path S1 of the directional coupling network 140 can differ by other degrees from the phase of the other portion of the first excitation current I1 flowing along the second current path S2 so that the number of radiation zero points in the third radiation field is smaller.

[0048] The antenna device 100 of this application embodiment, through special settings of the free ends of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, can make the radiation null region of the first radiator 110 complementary to the radiation null region of the second radiation field, thereby enabling the directional coupling network 140 to adjust the phase difference of a portion of the first excitation current I1 and another portion of the first excitation current I1 by 90 degrees, and the adjustment method of the directional coupling network 140 is simpler.

[0049] In this embodiment, the directional coupling network 140 can also adjust the amplitude of the excitation current. The directional coupling network 140 can adjust the amplitude of a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1, and it can also adjust the amplitude of another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2. Furthermore, it can simultaneously adjust the amplitudes of both portions of the first excitation current I11 and the other portion of the first excitation current I12, so that the number of radiation zeros in the third radiation field is less than a preset zero-point threshold, resulting in a smaller number of radiation zeros in the third radiation field. For example, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the amplitudes of the portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 to be equal to the amplitudes of the other portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2.

[0050] Understandably, the directional coupling network 140 can simultaneously adjust the radiation and phase of the excitation current so that the number of radiation zeros in the third radiation field is less than a preset zero threshold.

[0051] The directional coupling network 140 of this application embodiment can adjust the phase and amplitude of the excitation current. The adjustment of the directional coupling network 140 is more flexible and makes it easier to reduce the number of radiation nulls in the third radiation field.

[0052] In this regard, please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the antenna device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna device 100 in this embodiment may further include a second feed source 150. The directional coupling network 140 may further include a fourth port a4, which may be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second feed source 150, and the second feed source 150 may provide a second excitation current I2.

[0053] Please combine Figure 7 Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna device 100. The fourth port a4 can be connected to the second port a2 and the third port a3. When the fourth port a4 is connected to the second port a2, they form a current path, for example, a third current path S3; when the fourth port a4 is connected to the third port a3, they form another current path, for example, a fourth current path S4. A portion of the second excitation current I21 provided by the second feed 150 can flow along the third current path S3, through the fourth port a4, to the second port a2, and then to the first radiator 110; another portion of the second excitation current I2 I2 provided by the second feed 150 can flow along the fourth current path S4, through the fourth port a4, to the third port a3, and then to the second radiator 120.

[0054] It is understood that the first radiator 110, under the influence of a portion of the second excitation current I21, and the second radiator 120, under the influence of another portion of the second excitation current I22, can jointly generate a fourth radiation field. Of course, the first radiator 110 can also generate a radiation field and support a resonant mode independently under the influence of a portion of the second excitation current I21. Similarly, the second radiator 120 can generate another radiation field and support another resonant mode independently under the influence of another portion of the second excitation current I22. This application does not limit the specific manner in which the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 operate under the second feed 150.

[0055] It is understood that the first feed source 130 can operate independently to feed a first excitation current I1 to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, so that the first excitation current I1 excites the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 to support the corresponding resonant mode; the second feed source 150 can also operate independently to feed a second excitation current I2 to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, so that the second excitation current I2 excites the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 to support the corresponding resonant mode; the first feed source 130 and the second feed source 150 can also operate simultaneously to feed the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 with the first excitation current I1 and the second excitation current I2, so that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 support the corresponding resonant mode under the action of the first excitation current I1 and the second excitation current I2.

[0056] The antenna device 100 of this application embodiment uses a directional coupling network 140 to feed the first excitation current I1 and the second excitation current I2 provided by the first feed 130 and the second feed 150 into the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, respectively. The first radiator 110 or the second radiator 120 can operate in either a certain resonant mode under the action of the first excitation current I1 or another resonant mode under the action of the second excitation current I2. The antenna device 100 does not require power dividers, combiners, or other such devices, resulting in a simpler structure and lower production costs.

[0057] Please refer to this again. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The directional coupling network 140 can also adjust the phase of at least one of the second excitation currents, namely, a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 and another portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4, so that the directivity coefficient of the fourth radiation field jointly generated by the first radiator 110 under the action of a portion of the second excitation current I21 and the second radiator 120 under the action of another portion of the second excitation current I22 is less than a preset threshold, and the number of radiation zeros in the fourth radiation field is small.

[0058] It is understandable that the second excitation current I2 can directly excite the first radiator 110 to generate the fifth radiation field without the adjustment of the directional coupling network 140, and the second excitation current I2 can also directly excite the second radiator 120 to generate the sixth radiation field without the adjustment of the directional coupling network 140. The number of radiation zeros in the fourth radiation field can be less than the number of radiation zeros in the fifth radiation field, or less than the number of radiation zeros in the sixth radiation field.

[0059] Understandably, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 and another portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4 based on the radiation patterns of the fifth and sixth radiation fields, so that the number of radiation nulls in the fourth radiation field is less than a preset null threshold. For example, when the radiation null region of the fifth radiation field and the radiation null region of the sixth radiation field are complementary, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase difference between the two portions of the second excitation current I2 by ninety degrees.

[0060] Understandably, the directional coupling network 140 can also adjust the phase of a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 and another portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4, based on the positions of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, so that the number of radiation zeros in the fourth radiation field is less than a preset zero-point threshold. For example, when the orientations of the free ends of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 differ by 90 degrees, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase difference between the two portions of the second excitation current I2 by 90 degrees.

[0061] Understandably, the directional coupling network 140 can also adjust the amplitude of at least one of the second excitation currents, namely, a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 and another portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4, so that the directivity coefficient of the fourth radiation field is less than a preset threshold.

[0062] The directional coupling network 140 of this embodiment can couple the second excitation current I2 provided by the second feed 150 to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 respectively, and can adjust the phase of the second excitation current I2 flowing into the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, so that the directivity coefficient of the fourth radiation field jointly generated by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is low, the antenna device 100 can form a radiation pattern with lower directivity, the number of radiation nulls can be reduced, the spatial coverage of the antenna device 100 can be improved, the antenna device 100 is less likely to trigger power back-off events, the antenna device 100 can have higher transmission power, and the antenna device 100 has better radiation performance.

[0063] The first excitation current I1 provided by the first feed 130 can be the same as the second excitation current I2 provided by the second feed 150, for example, the frequency of the first excitation current I1 is the same as the frequency of the second excitation current I2. When the first feed 130 and the second feed 150 work simultaneously, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can support the transmission of wireless signals of the same frequency. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can form a multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) transmission system, which can support multiple-in-multiple-out transmission of wireless signals.

[0064] Understandably, the first feed 130 can provide a first excitation current I1 corresponding to the Wi-Fi signal, which can excite the generation of the Wi-Fi signal; the second feed 150 can also provide a second excitation current I2 corresponding to the Wi-Fi signal, which can also excite the generation of the Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can support MIMO transmission of the Wi-Fi signal. Of course, the first excitation current I1 and the second excitation current I2 can also excite the generation of wireless signals in other frequency bands, and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can also support MIMO transmission of wireless signals in other frequency bands.

[0065] It is understood that the above is merely an exemplary example of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 forming a MIMO transmission system. For example, but not limited to, the antenna device 100 may also include a third feed source electrically connected to the first radiator 110 and a fourth feed source electrically connected to the second radiator 120. Under the action of the excitation current fed into the third feed source and the fourth feed source, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can support MIMO transmission of wireless signals.

[0066] The antenna device 100 of this application embodiment, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can form a MIMO transmission system and jointly support the transmission of wireless signals, which can improve the throughput of data transmitted by the antenna device 100 and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0067] Specifically, when the directional coupling network 140 adjusts the phase of at least one of the excitation currents, namely a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 and another portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, such that the phases of the two portions of the first excitation current I11 and I12 are different, the interference between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is small, and their isolation is high. Similarly, when the directional coupling network 140 adjusts the phase of at least one of the excitation currents, namely a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 and another portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4, such that the phases of the two portions of the second excitation current I2 are different, the interference between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is small, and their isolation is high.

[0068] For example, when the distance between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is close enough that the excitation signal flowing on the first radiator 110 can easily flow or electromagnetically couple to the second radiator 120, this portion of the excitation current flowing or electromagnetically coupled to the second radiator 120 can easily interfere with the second radiator 120. When the directional coupling network 140 causes the phase of a portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing along the first current path S1 to be different from the phase of at least one of the other portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing along the second current path S2, the portion of the first excitation current I12 flowing to the second radiator 120 and electromagnetically coupled to it will have a different direction than the other portion of the first excitation current I11 flowing to the second radiator 120 through the second current path S2. The two portions of the first excitation current I11 and I12 can be decoupled by phase attenuation and mutual cancellation, so that the excitation current on the first radiator 110 is less likely to interfere with the second radiator 120.

[0069] For another example, when the distance between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is close, making it easy for the excitation signal flowing on the second radiator 120 to flow or electromagnetically couple to the first radiator 110, this portion of the excitation current flowing or electromagnetically coupled to the first radiator 110 is likely to interfere with the first radiator 110. When the directional coupling network 140 causes the phase of a portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing along the third current path S3 to be different from the phase of at least one of the other portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing along the fourth current path S4, the portion of the second excitation current I21 flowing to the first radiator 110 and electromagnetically coupled to it will have a different direction from the other portion of the second excitation current I22 flowing to the first radiator 110 through the fourth current path S4. The two portions of the first excitation current I11 and I12 can be decoupled by phase attenuation and mutual cancellation, so that the excitation current on the second radiator 120 is less likely to interfere with the first radiator 110, and the isolation between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is high.

[0070] Please combine Figure 7 And refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an S-parameter curve of the antenna device 100 shown. Figure 9 Curve S1 is the S-parameter curve of the first feed 130, curve S2 is the S-parameter curve of the second feed 150, and curve S3 is the isolation curve of the first feed 130 and the second feed 150. As can be seen from curve S3, when the first feed 130 and the second feed 150 are working simultaneously, the isolation between the two feeds is high and the mutual interference between the two radiators is low.

[0071] In this regard, please combine Figures 1 to 9 Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a first structural schematic of the directional coupling network 140. The directional coupling network 140 may include at least two inductive elements and two capacitive elements.

[0072] A capacitor element can be electrically connected to two inductor elements at its two ends, and an inductor element can be electrically connected to two capacitor elements at its two ends. Thus, the four elements of the directional coupling network 140 can be electrically connected end-to-end in the order of inductor element, capacitor element, inductor element, capacitor element to form a matrix. A connection point can be formed between a capacitor element and an inductor element, and the entire directional coupling network 140 can form four connection points. In the aforementioned embodiment, the first port a1, the second port a2, the third port a3, or the fourth port a4 can be one of the four connection points, and the connection points corresponding to the first port a1, second port a2, third port a3, and fourth port a4 are different, thus ensuring a one-to-one correspondence between the first port a1, second port a2, third port a3, and fourth port a4 and the four connection points.

[0073] like Figure 10As shown, the directional coupling network 140 includes a first inductor 141, a first capacitor 142, a second inductor 143, and a second capacitor 144. One end of the first inductor 141 is electrically connected to one end of the first capacitor 142, the other end of the first capacitor 142 is electrically connected to one end of the second inductor 143, the other end of the second inductor 143 is electrically connected to one end of the second capacitor 144, and the other end of the second capacitor 144 is electrically connected to the other end of the first inductor 141. Thus, the first inductor 141, the first capacitor 142, the second inductor 143, and the second capacitor 144 can be sequentially connected end-to-end to form a matrix structure. The connection between the first inductor 141 and the first capacitor 142 can form a first connection terminal b1, the connection between the first capacitor 142 and the second inductor 143 can form a second connection terminal b2, the connection between the second inductor 143 and the second capacitor 144 can form a third connection terminal b3, and the connection between the second capacitor 144 and the first inductor 141 can form a fourth connection terminal b4. The first connection terminal b1, the second connection terminal b2, the third connection terminal b3, and the fourth connection terminal b4 can be the four connection terminals of the matrix circuit.

[0074] It is understandable that the first port a1 can be one of the first connection terminals b1 to the fourth connection terminal b4, and the second port a2, the third port a3, or the fourth port a4 can also be one of the first connection terminals b1 to the fourth connection terminal b4. Furthermore, the connection terminals corresponding to the first port a1, the second port a2, the third port a3, and the fourth port a4 are different. Therefore, the four connection terminals of the matrix circuit can correspond one-to-one with the four ports and can be electrically connected to the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the first feed 130, and the second feed 150.

[0075] Understandably, when the first port a1 and the second port a2 are connected, the electronic components passing through the first current path S1 can be different from the components passing through the second current path S2 when the first port a1 and the third port a3 are connected. This allows the directional coupling network 140 to perform different phase adjustments on the excitation current flowing through the first current path S1 and the second current path S2, ultimately resulting in different phases for the two current paths. Similarly, the components on the third current path S3 and the fourth current path S4 can also be different, so that the directional coupling network 140 can perform different phase adjustments on the excitation current flowing through the third current path S3 and the fourth current path S4, ultimately resulting in different phases for the two current paths.

[0076] It is understood that the inductance values ​​of the two inductors in the directional coupling network 140 can be the same, and the two inductors can be completely identical; similarly, the capacitance values ​​of the two capacitors can also be the same, and the two capacitors can be completely identical. In this case, the matrix circuit formed by the two inductors and two capacitors is more symmetrical. Structurally, the first connection terminal b1, the second connection terminal b2, the third connection terminal b3, and the fourth connection terminal b4 are equivalent. The directional coupling network 140 can arbitrarily connect the four connection terminals to the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the first feed source 130, and the second feed source 150. Of course, it should be noted that the inductance values ​​of the two inductors can also be different, or the capacitance values ​​of the two capacitors can also be different. This application embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the capacitors and inductors.

[0077] It is understood that at least one inductor in the directional coupling network 140 can be a fixed-value inductor, and at least one capacitor can also be a fixed-value capacitor; for example, all inductors and all capacitors can be fixed-value inductors and capacitors. In actual debugging, the most suitable inductance and capacitance values ​​can be selected for each inductor and capacitor according to the frequency and directionality requirements of the wireless signals supported by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120.

[0078] It is understood that, in addition to the two inductors and two capacitors mentioned above, the directional coupling network 140 may also include other electronic devices, such as, but not limited to, additional inductors, capacitors, switches, resistors, etc. These other electronic devices may be electrically connected to the two inductors and two capacitors in series or parallel. This application does not limit the specific structure of the directional coupling network 140.

[0079] The directional coupling network 140 of this application embodiment forms a matrix structure using two inductors and two capacitors. On one hand, the four connection terminals of the matrix structure can be arbitrarily matched and connected to the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the first feed 130, and the second feed 150, which simplifies the circuit structure of the directional coupling network 140 and reduces the difficulty of electrical connection. On the other hand, the circuit formed by the inductors and capacitors can have frequency selection and phase shifting functions, allowing signals of specific frequency bands to pass or not pass, and changing the phase of the passing signals. Thus, the directional coupling network 140 of this application does not need to be specially set up with a phase shifter to change the phase of part of the excitation current, making the structure of the directional coupling network 140 simpler. Furthermore, by designing the inductance and capacitance values ​​of the inductors and capacitors, the directional coupling network 140 does not need switching elements to turn on or off the corresponding ports, making the structure of the directional coupling network 140 even simpler.

[0080] Among them, based on Figure 10 Please refer to the directional coupling network 140 shown. Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the antenna device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 for Figure 11 The diagram shows a circuit structure of an antenna device 100. The antenna device 100 may include, for example... Figure 10 The directional coupling network 140 shown has the following configurations: a first port a1 can be located between a first inductor 141 and a first capacitor 142, and the first port a1 can be a first connection terminal b1; a second port a2 can be located between a second capacitor 144 and a first inductor 141, and the second port a2 can be a fourth connection terminal b4; a third port a3 can be located between a second inductor 143 and a second capacitor 144, and the third port a3 can be a third connection terminal b3; and a fourth port a4 can be located between a first capacitor 142 and a second inductor 143, and the fourth port a4 can form a second connection terminal b2.

[0081] When the first port a1 is connected to the second port a2, a portion of the first excitation current I11 can flow through the first inductor 141 to the first radiator 110. When the first port a1 is connected to the third port a3, another portion of the first excitation current I12 can flow through the first capacitor 142 to the second inductor 143 and then to the second radiator 120. When the fourth port a4 is connected to the third port a3, a portion of the second excitation current I21 can flow through the first capacitor 142 to the first inductor 141 and then to the first radiator 110. When the fourth port a4 is connected to the second port a2, another portion of the second excitation current I22 can flow through the second inductor 143 to the second radiator 120.

[0082] It is understood that the inductance and capacitance values ​​of the first inductor 141, the first capacitor 142, the second inductor 143, and the second capacitor 144 can be designed so that, relative to the first excitation current I1, the first port a1 can be connected to the second port a2 and the third port a3, and relative to the second excitation current I2, the fourth port a4 can be connected to the second port a2 and the third port a3. Of course, in actual debugging, switching elements can also be set in the directional coupling network 140, and the on and off states of the switching elements can be selected to achieve the on and off states of the first port a1 and the second port a2 and the third port a3, and the fourth port a4 and the first port a1 and the second port a2. This application does not limit this aspect.

[0083] In this directional coupling network 140, at least one inductor can be an adjustable inductor, and / or at least one capacitor can be an adjustable capacitor. For example, the first inductor 141 and the second inductor 143 can be adjustable inductors, and the first capacitor 142 and the second capacitor 144 can be adjustable capacitors. The directional coupling network 140 can change the inductance value of at least one of the first inductors 141 and the second inductor 143, and it can also change the capacitance value of at least one of the first capacitors 142 and the second capacitor 144, or it can simultaneously change the inductance and capacitance values ​​of at least one inductor and at least one capacitor. By adjusting the inductance and capacitance values, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase of the excitation current passing through it.

[0084] It is understood that an adjustable inductor can refer to an inductor whose inductance value can be adjusted. An adjustable inductor can achieve inductance value adjustment through, but is not limited to, methods such as a horizontal oscillating coil, a horizontal linear coil, a notch filter coil, a frequency compensation coil, and a wave trapping coil. Of course, an adjustable inductor can also include multiple branches with different inductance values, and the adjustable inductor can select different inductance value branches to conduct according to the required inductance value, thereby achieving inductance value adjustment. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific structure of the adjustable inductor.

[0085] It is understood that an adjustable capacitor element can refer to an inductive element whose capacitance value can be adjusted. An adjustable capacitor element may comprise a set of fixed plates and a set of moving plates. The capacitance value of the adjustable capacitor element can change as the moving plates move, allowing the adjustable capacitor element to adjust its capacitance value. Of course, an adjustable capacitor element may also include multiple branches with different capacitance values. The adjustable capacitor element can select different capacitance value branches to conduct according to the required capacitance value to achieve capacitance adjustment. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific structure of the adjustable capacitor element.

[0086] Among them, such as Figure 11 As shown, the antenna device 100 may also include one, two, three, or four of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164.

[0087] The two ends of the first transmission line 161 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first port a1 and the first feed 130, respectively. The first port a1 can be electrically connected to the first feed 130 through the first transmission line 161. The two ends of the second transmission line 162 can be directly or indirectly connected to the second port a2 and the first radiator 110, respectively. The second port a2 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 110 through the second transmission line 162. The two ends of the third transmission line 163 can be directly or indirectly connected to the third port a3 and the second radiator 120, respectively. The third port a3 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 120 through the third transmission line 163. The two ends of the fourth transmission line 164 can be directly or indirectly connected to the fourth port a4 and the second feed 150, respectively. The fourth port a4 can be electrically connected to the second feed 150 through the fourth transmission line 164.

[0088] It is understood that the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163 and the fourth transmission line 164 can be transmission lines capable of transmitting radio frequency signals, such as, but not limited to, coaxial lines, microstrip lines, striplines, etc.

[0089] Understandably, in order to ensure the signal power of the radio frequency signal during transmission and to avoid signal power loss, the impedance value of at least one of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 can be 50 ohms; for example, if the impedance value of all four transmission lines can be 50 ohms, then the power loss of the signal during transmission through the four transmission lines is smaller, and the radiation performance of the antenna device 100 is better.

[0090] It should be noted that the impedance of one or more (two, three or four) of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163 and the fourth transmission line 164 can also be other values. The specific impedance value can be adjusted according to the actual function of the antenna device 100. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0091] In order to further simplify the circuit structure of the directional coupling network 140, the embodiments of this application can make the inductance values ​​of the first inductor 141 and the second inductor 143 the same, for example, both being the first inductance value L1, and can also make the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor 142 and the second capacitor 144 the same, for example, both being the first capacitance value C1. In this case:

[0092] k = 10 c / 10

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] In the above formula, k is the coupling parameter of the directional coupling network 140; c is the coupling coefficient of the directional coupling network 140; Z is the impedance value of the transmission line in the antenna device 100; L1 is the first inductance value; C1 is the first capacitance value; and f is the operating frequency of the antenna device 100. Both k and c can indicate the degree of coupling of the directional coupling network 140, representing different aspects of the coupling degree. In actual debugging, the specific value of c can be preset according to actual needs. For example, but not limited to, c can be -3dB. In this case, the amplitude of the excitation current flowing out from the second port a2 and the third port a3 can be equal. Z can be the impedance value of the transmission line that transmits radio frequency signals in the antenna device 100. For example, it can be the impedance value of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 mentioned above. The impedance value of Z can be preset according to actual needs. The specific value of f can also be preset according to the frequency (often the resonant frequency) of the wireless signal supported by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. Based on the values ​​of Z, c, and f and combined with the above formula, the first inductance value L1 of the first inductor element 141 and the second inductor element 143 can be calculated, and the first capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor element 142 and the second capacitor element 144 can also be calculated.

[0096] It is understandable that when the frequencies of the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal transmitted by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are within the same frequency band (e.g., the frequencies of the first wireless signal and the second wireless signal are the same), the above formula can assume that the frequencies of the wireless signals transmitted by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are the same, and the value of this frequency is used as the value of f. Of course, when the frequencies of the wireless signals transmitted by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are not exactly the same or completely different, if their frequencies are similar in the spectrum, the mutual interference between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 will be greater. In this case, f in the above formula can be a frequency at which the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are prone to interference (e.g., a frequency that forms another interfering resonance), or it can be the average frequency or center frequency of the wireless signal transmitted by the first radiator 110 and the wireless signal transmitted by the second radiator 120. It should be noted that the specific value of f is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0097] It is understandable that when the impedance values ​​of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 are the same, the aforementioned impedance value Z can be the impedance value of any transmission line. For example, when the impedance value of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 is 50 ohms, the aforementioned first inductance value L1 and first capacitance value C1 can be:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] It is understandable that, according to the above formula, such as Figure 12 As shown, the first inductance value L1 can be 2.2nH (nanohenry), and the first capacitance value C1 can be 1.3pF (picofarad). Of course, depending on the values ​​of Z, c, and f, the first inductance value L1 and the first capacitance value C1 can also be other values ​​(for example, as discussed later). Figure 14 The first inductance value L1 can be 2.3nH, and the first capacitance value C1 can be 1.3pF. This application does not limit these values ​​in the embodiments.

[0101] Of course, if the impedance values ​​of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 are not the same, the impedance value Z in the above formula can be corrected according to the actual impedance values ​​of the four transmission lines, such as, but not limited to, the average impedance value, variance impedance value, standard deviation impedance value, etc. The specific impedance value of the transmission line impedance Z in the above formula is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0102] Specifically, when the first feed 130 and the second feed 150 operate simultaneously, enabling both the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 to operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, please refer to... Figure 11 , Figure 12 Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 for Figure 11 The antenna device 100 shown produces a first radiation pattern. Figure 13 It can be seen that when antenna device 100 passes through Figure 10 After the directional coupling network 140 shown adjusts the phase and amplitude of the first excitation current I1 and the second excitation current I2 flowing along the first current path S1, the second current path S2, the third current path S3, and the fourth current path S4, the directivity coefficient of the antenna device 100 is approximately 2.741 dBi, and the antenna device 100 can have low directivity.

[0103] When only the first feed 130 or the second feed 150 is working, allowing both the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 to operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, please refer to... Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the antenna device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 15 for Figure 14 The antenna device 100 shown produces a radiation pattern. (By...) Figure 14 It can be seen that when antenna device 100 passes through Figure 10After the directional coupling network 140 shown adjusts the phase and amplitude of the first excitation current I1 flowing along the first current path S1 and the second current path S2, the directivity coefficient of the antenna device 100 is approximately 2.502 dBi, and the antenna device 100 can have low directivity.

[0104] The directional decoupling network of this application embodiment includes a first inductor 141, a first capacitor 142, a second inductor 143, and a third inductor 144. The directional decoupling network composed of these four elements can adjust the phase, amplitude, and other parameters of the excitation current flowing along different current paths, so that the antenna device 100 has low directivity. At the same time, the directional decoupling network has a simple structure, and compared with phase shifters, combiners, and splitters, the directional decoupling network of this application embodiment has a lower production cost.

[0105] Among them, based on Figure 10 Please refer to the directional coupling network 140 shown. Figure 16 , Figure 16 This is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the antenna device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The antenna device 100 may include, for example: Figure 10 The directional coupling network 140 shown has the following configurations: First port a1 can be located between the second capacitor element 144 and the first inductor element 141, and first port a1 can be a fourth connection terminal b4; Second port a2 can be located between the second inductor element 143 and the second capacitor element 144, and second port a2 can be a third connection terminal b3; Third port a3 can be located between the first capacitor element 142 and the second inductor element 143, and third port a3 can be a second connection terminal b2; Fourth port a4 can be located between the first inductor element 141 and the first capacitor element 142, and fourth port a4 can be a first connection terminal b1.

[0106] At this time, when the first port a1 and the second port a2 are connected, a portion of the first excitation current I11 can flow through the second capacitor element 144 to the first radiator 110; when the first port a1 and the third port a3 are connected, another portion of the first excitation current I12 can flow through the first inductor element 141 to the first capacitor element 142 and then to the second radiator 120; when the fourth port a4 and the first port a1 are connected, a portion of the second excitation current I21 can flow through the first inductor element 141 to the second capacitor element 144 and then to the first radiator 110; when the fourth port a4 and the second port a2 are connected, another portion of the second excitation current I22 can flow through the first capacitor element 142 to the second radiator 120.

[0107] It is understandable that, such as Figure 12 , Figure 14Similar to the embodiment shown, this embodiment can also design or set switching elements for the inductance and capacitance values ​​of the first inductor 141, the first capacitor 142, the second inductor 143, and the second capacitor 144, so that the first port a1 can be connected to the second port a2 and the third port a3 relative to the first excitation current I1, and the fourth port a4 can be connected to the second port a2 and the third port a3 relative to the second excitation current I2.

[0108] It is understandable that, in order to further simplify the circuit structure of the directional coupling network 140, the embodiments of this application may make the inductance values ​​of the first inductor 141 and the second inductor 143 the same, for example, both being the second inductance value L2, and may also make the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor 142 and the second capacitor 144 the same, for example, both being the second capacitance value C2. In this case:

[0109] k = 10 c / 10

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] In the above formula, k is the coupling parameter of the directional coupling network 140; c is the coupling coefficient of the directional coupling network 140; Z is the impedance value of the transmission line in the antenna device 100; L2 is the second inductance value; C2 is the second capacitance value; and f is the operating frequency of the antenna device 100. The values ​​of k, c, Z, and f can be found in the foregoing explanation and will not be repeated here.

[0113] It is understandable that when the impedance values ​​of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 are the same, for example, when the impedance value of the first transmission line 161, the second transmission line 162, the third transmission line 163, and the fourth transmission line 164 is 50 ohms, the aforementioned second inductance value L2 and second capacitance value C2 can be:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] Based on this, in the antenna device 100 of this application embodiment, the first inductor 141, the first capacitor 142, the second inductor 143, and the second capacitor 144 of the directional coupling network 140 form a matrix structure with sequential electrical connections. The directional coupling network 140 has a simple structure and a simple electrical connection layout. Under different electrical connection layouts, the directional coupling network 140 can adjust the phase, amplitude, and other parameters of the excitation current flowing along different current paths, so that the antenna device 100 has low directivity. Compared with structures such as phase shifters, combiners, and splitters, the directional decoupling network of this application embodiment has a lower production cost; and Furthermore, the directional coupling network 140 can also improve the isolation performance of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. The directional coupling network 140 can improve the isolation between the ports of the two radiators, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna device 100. At the same time, since the isolation performance between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is better, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 do not need to be isolated at a long distance. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be made more compact, and the feed ports of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can also be made more compact, which is more conducive to the miniaturization design of the antenna device 100.

[0117] It should be noted that the above are merely exemplary examples of the directional coupling network 140 provided in the embodiments of this application. The directional coupling network 140 in the embodiments of this application is not limited to the above structure. For example, but not limited to, the directional coupling network 140 may include one or more phase shifters to change the phase of the excitation current flowing in different current paths. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific structure of the directional coupling network 140.

[0118] Please refer to this again. Figures 1 to 16 The antenna device 100 in this application embodiment may further include at least one of the first matching circuit 171, the second matching circuit 172, the third matching circuit 173 and the fourth matching circuit 174, for example, one, two, three or four.

[0119] A first matching circuit 171 can be connected in series between the first port a1 and the first feed 130, achieving impedance matching between the two. A second matching circuit 172 can be connected in series between the second port a2 and the first radiator 110, achieving impedance matching between them. A third matching circuit 173 can be connected in series between the third port a3 and the second radiator 120, achieving impedance matching between them. A fourth matching circuit 174 can be connected in series between the fourth port a4 and the second feed 150, achieving impedance matching between them.

[0120] It is understood that the matching circuit can also be called a matching network, tuning circuit, or tuning network. The aforementioned matching circuit may include, but is not limited to, one or more electronic devices such as capacitors, inductors, resistors, and switches, which can be connected in series or parallel to the antenna device 100.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first matching circuit 171 may include a third capacitor element 1711, which can be connected in series between the first feed source 130 and the first port a1 of the directional coupling network 140. The capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor element 1711 can be 1.5pF. The first matching circuit 171 can match the impedance between the first port a1 and the first feed source 130. It is understood that the structure of the fourth matching circuit 174 may be the same as or different from that of the first matching circuit 171, and this embodiment of the application does not limit it in this regard.

[0122] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first matching circuit 171 may include a fourth capacitor element 1712. One end of the fourth capacitor element 1712 may be directly or indirectly electrically connected between the first feed source 130 and the first port a1 of the directional coupling network 140, and the other end of the fourth capacitor element 1712 is grounded. The capacitance value C4 of the fourth capacitor element 1712 may be 1.3pF. The first matching circuit 171 can match the impedance between the first port a1 and the second feed source 150.

[0123] For example, such as Figure 14As shown, the first matching circuit 171 may include a fifth capacitor element 1713 and a sixth capacitor element 1714. The fifth capacitor element 1713 may be connected in series between the first feed source 130 and the first port a1 of the directional coupling network 140. One end of the sixth capacitor element 1714 may be electrically connected between the fifth capacitor element 1713 and the first port a1, and the other end of the sixth capacitor element 1714 may be grounded. The capacitance value C5 of the fifth capacitor element 1713 may be 2pF, and the capacitance value C6 of the sixth capacitor element 1714 may be 1pF. The first matching circuit 171 can match the impedance between the first port a1 and the second feed source 150.

[0124] It is understood that the above is merely an exemplary example of the first matching circuit 171, and the specific structure of the first matching circuit 171 in this application embodiment is not limited to the above description. Similarly, this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific structure of the second matching circuit 172, the third matching circuit 173, and the fourth matching circuit 174. Any circuit structure that can adjust the impedance matching between corresponding ports is within the protection scope of this application embodiment.

[0125] It should be noted that, depending on the circuit structure of the antenna device 100 in the embodiments of this application, the structure of the matching circuit and the parameter values ​​of the matching elements may also be different, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0126] It should be noted that the antenna device 100 of this application embodiment is not limited to the above description or the description in the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings of this application embodiment do not imply a limitation on the specific orientation of the antenna device 100. Without conflict, the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and any combination thereof is also within the protection scope of this application embodiment.

[0127] Based on the structure of the antenna device 100 described above, this application also provides an electronic device 10. The electronic device 10 can be a smartphone, tablet computer, or other similar device, as well as a gaming device, augmented reality (AR) device, automotive device, data storage device, audio playback device, video playback device, laptop computer, desktop computing device, etc. Please refer to... Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 10 may include the antenna device 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0128] The electronic device 10 may also include a display screen 300, a mid-frame 400, a circuit board 500, a battery 600, and a back cover 700.

[0129] A display screen 300 is disposed on the mid-frame 400 to form the display surface of the electronic device 10, used to display images, text, and other information. The display screen 300 may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display screen. It is understood that the display screen 300 can be a full-screen display, in which case the entire area of ​​the display screen 300 is the display area and does not include non-display areas, or the non-display areas on the display screen 300 occupy only a small area for the user, thus giving the display screen 300 a large screen-to-body ratio. Alternatively, the display screen 300 may be a non-full-screen display, in which case the display screen 300 includes a display area and a non-display area adjacent to the display area. The display area is used to display information, while the non-display areas do not display information.

[0130] The middle frame 400 can be a thin plate or sheet structure, or a hollow frame structure. The middle frame 400 provides support for the electronic devices or functional components in the electronic device 10, allowing them to be mounted together. For example, the middle frame 400 can have recesses, protrusions, through holes, or other structures to facilitate the mounting of the electronic devices or functional components of the electronic device 10. Understandably, the material of the middle frame 400 can include metal or plastic.

[0131] It is understood that when the middle frame 400 includes a metallic material, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can be multiple metallic stubs on the middle frame 400. For example, one or more slots can be provided on the middle frame 400 to form the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. In this case, the middle frame 400 can be reused as a radiator, saving the space occupied by the radiator. Of course, it should be noted that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 can also be formed in other ways, such as, but not limited to, patch antennas, circuit board antennas, laser stub formation (LDS) antennas, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0132] It is understood that the middle frame 400 may include a long frame and a short frame connected to each other. The short frame may extend along a first direction H1, and the long frame may extend along a second direction H2. The first radiator 110 may be disposed relative to the short frame, for example, but not limited to, the first radiator 110 may be parallel to or coplanar with the short frame. The ground terminal of the first radiator 110 may be connected at the position where the short frame and the long frame are connected. The first free end 111 of the first radiator 110 may extend toward the first direction H1. The second radiator 120 may be disposed relative to the long frame, for example, but not limited to, the second radiator 120 may be parallel to or coplanar with the long frame. The distance between the ground terminal of the second radiator 120 and the short frame is less than the distance between the second free end 121 of the second radiator 120 and the short frame. The second free end 121 may extend in a direction away from the short frame and may extend toward the second direction H2.

[0133] The circuit board 500 is mounted on the mid-frame 400 for fixation and is sealed inside the electronic device 10 by the rear cover 700. The circuit board 500 can be the motherboard of the electronic device 10. The circuit board 500 may integrate a processor, and may also integrate one or more functional components such as a headphone jack, accelerometer, gyroscope, and motor. Simultaneously, the display screen 300 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 500 to control the display on the display screen 300 via the processor on the circuit board 500.

[0134] It is understood that the first feed 130, the second feed 150, the directional coupling network 140, and one or more matching circuits of the antenna device 100 can be disposed on the circuit board 500. Of course, the above components can also be disposed on the small board of the electronic device 10 or other carriers, and there is no limitation on them here.

[0135] The battery 600 is mounted on the mid-frame 400 and sealed inside the electronic device 10 by the rear cover 700. The battery 600 is electrically connected to the circuit board 500 to power the electronic device 10. The circuit board 500 may contain a power management circuit. This power management circuit distributes the voltage provided by the battery 600 to the various electronic components within the electronic device 10.

[0136] The back cover 700 is connected to the middle frame 400. For example, the back cover 700 can be attached to the middle frame 400 using an adhesive such as double-sided tape to achieve the connection with the middle frame 400. The back cover 700, together with the middle frame 400 and the display screen 300, seals the electronic components and functional parts of the electronic device 10 inside the electronic device 10, thereby providing protection for the electronic components and functional parts of the electronic device 10.

[0137] In the description of this application, it should be understood that terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish similar objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0138] The antenna device and electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application, and the descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The first feed source is used to provide the first excitation current; The first radiator generates a first radiation field under the action of the first excitation current; The second radiator generates a second radiation field under the action of the first excitation current; the orientation of the free end of the first radiator differs from the orientation of the free end of the second radiator by ninety degrees. A directional coupling network includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is electrically connected to the first feed source, the second port is electrically connected to the first radiator, and the third port is electrically connected to the second radiator. When the first port is connected to the second port and the third port respectively, a portion of the first excitation current flows through the first port and the second port to the first radiator, and another portion of the first excitation current flows through the first port and the third port to the second radiator. Under the action of the portion of the first excitation current, the first radiator and the second radiator together generate a third radiation field. The directional coupling network is used to adjust the phase difference between the portion of the first excitation current and the other portion of the first excitation current to be 90 degrees, and to adjust the amplitude of the portion of the first excitation current and the amplitude of the other portion of the first excitation current to be equal, so that the number of radiation zeros in the third radiation field is less than the number of radiation zeros in the first radiation field and the second radiation field.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zero-radiation region of the first radiation field is complementary to the zero-radiation region of the second radiation field.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are used to support multiple-input multiple-output transmission of wireless signals.

4. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The directional coupling network further includes a fourth port, and the antenna device further includes: The second feed source is electrically connected to the fourth port and is used to provide the second excitation current. When the fourth port is connected to the second port and the third port respectively, part of the second excitation current flows to the first radiator through the fourth port and the second port, and another part of the second excitation current flows to the second radiator through the fourth port and the third port.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The directional coupling network is also used to adjust the phase of at least one of the partial second excitation current and the other partial second excitation current, so that the directionality coefficient of the fourth radiation field jointly generated by the first radiator under the action of the partial second excitation current and the second radiator under the action of the other partial second excitation current is less than a preset threshold.

6. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The directional coupling network includes at least two inductor elements and two capacitor elements, wherein the two ends of one capacitor element are electrically connected to the two inductor elements respectively, and the two ends of one inductor element are electrically connected to the two capacitor elements respectively; wherein, A capacitor element forms a connection terminal with an adjacent inductor element, such that the directional coupling network includes four such connection terminals, with the first port, the second port, the third port, and the fourth port corresponding one-to-one with the four such connection terminals.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The directional coupling network includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second inductor, and a second capacitor connected sequentially. The first port is located between the first inductor and the first capacitor, the second port is located between the second capacitor and the first inductor, the third port is located between the second inductor and the second capacitor, and the fourth port is located between the first capacitor and the second inductor.

8. The antenna device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first inductor and the second inductor have the same inductance value, which is the first inductance value; the first capacitor and the second capacitor have the same capacitance value, which is the first capacitance value; wherein, In the above formula, k is the coupling parameter of the directional coupling network; c is the coupling coefficient of the directional coupling network; Z is the impedance value of the transmission line in the antenna device; L1 is the first inductance value; C1 is the first capacitance value; and f is the operating frequency of the antenna device.

9. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The directional coupling network includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second inductor, and a second capacitor connected in sequence. The first port is located between the first inductor and the second capacitor, the second port is located between the second capacitor and the second inductor, the third port is located between the first capacitor and the second inductor, and the fourth port is located between the first inductor and the first capacitor.

10. The antenna device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first inductor and the second inductor have the same inductance value, which is the second inductance value; the first capacitor and the second capacitor have the same capacitance value, which is the second capacitance value. in, In the above formula, k is the coupling parameter of the directional coupling network; c is the coupling coefficient of the directional coupling network; Z is the impedance value of the transmission line in the antenna device; L2 is the second inductance value; C2 is the second capacitance value; and f is the operating frequency of the antenna device.

11. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes at least one of a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, and a third matching circuit; The first matching circuit is connected in series between the first port and the first feed source, and is used to achieve impedance matching between the first port and the first feed source; The second matching circuit is connected in series between the second port and the first radiator, and is used to achieve impedance matching between the second port and the first radiator; The third matching circuit is connected in series between the third port and the second radiator, and is used to achieve impedance matching between the third port and the second radiator.

12. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, and a third transmission line; the first port is electrically connected to the first feed source via the first transmission line, the second port is electrically connected to the first radiator via the second transmission line, and the third port is electrically connected to the second radiator via the third transmission line; wherein... The impedance of at least one of the first transmission line, the second transmission line, and the third transmission line is 50 ohms.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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