A marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of waterborne photovoltaic devices, improves the instability problem of a floating photovoltaic structure, and discloses a marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system which comprises a photovoltaic unit and a supporting device for supporting the photovoltaic unit; the supporting device comprises a floating body, a fixed counterweight, a stand, a cable and a movable counterweight; the fixed counterweight is sunken in the seabed, the stand is fixedly connected to the floating body, the stand and the fixed counterweight are respectively provided with first and second turning parts, and the movable counterweight is connected to the cable; one end of the cable away from the movable counterweight is sequentially wound around the first and second turning parts and then connected to the side of the floating body. When the photovoltaic unit moves on the sea surface along with the change of tides and waves, the gravity of the movable counterweight makes the cable always keep in a taut state, the possibility of the floating body moving and rolling on the sea surface is reduced, and then the whole photovoltaic system is stabilized on the sea surface, so as to adapt to the harsh environment such as marine waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of marine photovoltaic equipment, and in particular to a marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaics is a power generation system that directly converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy. Currently, water-based photovoltaic systems that do not occupy land resources and are not shaded are constantly being developed, such as those located at sea, on tidal flats, and on lakes. Water-based photovoltaic operations include construction schemes such as fixed photovoltaics, flexible photovoltaics, and floating photovoltaics. Especially for photovoltaics built at sea, due to the large amplitude and frequency of sea level fluctuations, floating photovoltaic structures are generally adopted.

[0003] Floating photovoltaic (PV) systems mount photovoltaic (PV) panels on floating support structures equipped with wind-resistant systems. These structures rise and fall with the sea level, ensuring the PV panels can stably receive solar radiation. Compared to fixed PV systems, floating PV systems can accommodate larger spans, improving energy utilization. To prevent the floating support from drifting on the sea surface and to avoid capsizing the PV panels, the floating support is anchored to the seabed via steel cables.

[0004] However, when the tide recedes, the steel cables are relaxed, and the floating support will continue to drift on the sea surface, causing instability in the entire photovoltaic system and making it unable to withstand large waves. Moreover, the soil at sea and on the tidal flats is uneven, and the anchor piles not only have high requirements for the pile foundation and high cost, but also have the risk of collapse or secondary sinking, which can easily lead to uneven settlement. When the anchor pile sinks, the steel cables will pull down one side of the floating support connected to it, which will cause damage to the photovoltaic unit and the wind resistance system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the instability of floating photovoltaic structures, this application provides a marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system.

[0006] This application provides a floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications, employing the following technical solution: A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic unit and a support device for supporting the photovoltaic unit. The support device includes a floating body, a fixed counterweight, a column, a cable, and a movable counterweight. The fixed counterweight is submerged on the seabed, the column is fixed to the floating body, and a first steering component and a second steering component are respectively provided on the column and the fixed counterweight. The movable counterweight is connected to the cable. The end of the cable away from the movable counterweight passes sequentially around the first steering component and the second steering component and is connected to the side of the floating body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the cable is connected to the side wall of the floating body, and the other end successively passes through the second turning part of the fixed counterweight and the first turning part of the column before connecting to the movable counterweight. The movable counterweight pulls the cable downward under the action of gravity, thus keeping the cable taut and stabilizing the entire floating body and photovoltaic unit on the sea surface. When the tide rises and the sea level rises, the entire photovoltaic unit floats with the floating body, while the fixed counterweight remains stationary. As it floats, the cable pulls the movable counterweight upward to its limit, and the cable remains taut, thus maintaining stability. When the tide recedes and the sea level drops, the floating body also descends simultaneously. As the cable is relaxed, the movable counterweight falls, tightening the cable and ensuring that it remains taut during descent, thus maintaining structural stability. Moreover, the end of the cable away from the movable counterweight, after passing through the fixed counterweight, is connected to the floating body, which further reduces the possibility of the floating body moving or capsizing on the sea surface, effectively improving the stability of the photovoltaic system.

[0008] Optionally, the column is provided with a guide groove along the vertical direction, and the movable counterweight is provided with a sliding part that slides within the guide groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the column is fixed to the floating body. The cooperation of the sliding part and the guide groove allows the movable counterweight to slide along the column, preventing the movable counterweight from swaying randomly when the sea is too rough, thus further improving the stability of the floating body at sea. In addition, the movable counterweight also has a stabilizing effect on the column, relatively increasing the column's weight and reducing the possibility of the column swaying due to excessive wind and waves.

[0010] Optionally, the number of columns is multiple and arranged in an array along the longitudinal direction of the floating body, and the cable is connected to the two outermost columns; the support device also includes a connecting cable, and a third steering component is provided on the side of each column facing the adjacent column. The two ends of the connecting cable are respectively wound around the third steering components of the two adjacent columns and are also connected to the movable counterweight. A tension cable is connected to the middle of the connecting cable, and the end of the tension cable away from the connecting cable is wound around the second steering component of a fixed counterweight and connected to the side of the floating body.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the cable connection structure is on the two outermost columns, and the two adjacent columns are connected to the movable counterweight and the fixed counterweight by connecting cables and tension cables. This not only keeps each column and cable structure in a stable state, but also balances each column and reduces the possibility of the floating body tilting.

[0012] Optionally, the tension cable is slidably connected to the connecting cable.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the wind and rain at sea are too strong, the floating body may sway, causing the columns to be no longer on the same horizontal plane. At this time, the tension cable will slide on the connecting cable and remain in the middle of the two columns. The tension cable and the fixed counterweight are kept vertically connected. Both ends of the connecting cable are connected to movable counterweights, so that the connecting cable and the tension cable can always be kept taut to balance the tilted columns and allow the floating body to return to a stable state as soon as possible; thus further improving the stability of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0014] Optionally, the number of support devices is set to multiple and arranged at intervals along a straight line, and the photovoltaic unit is fixed to the top of the column of all the support devices.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the entire photovoltaic system is equipped with multiple support devices to support the photovoltaic units, which improves the stability of the support, increases the span of the photovoltaic units, increases the area of ​​the photovoltaic panels that collect solar radiation, and thus improves the conversion efficiency of solar energy.

[0016] Optionally, the second steering component is a caster wheel located at the center of the top surface of the fixed counterweight.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the second steering component is set as a swivel wheel, which can rotate with the swing of the cable, thereby reducing the occurrence of situations where the fixed counterweights are not on the same horizontal plane due to uneven seabed topography or other obstacles, causing the second steering component to be tilted and wrapped around the cable, or the cable swinging and tilting around the second steering component in a hurricane environment, thus causing the second steering component to detach from the fixed counterweight; this further improves the structural stability of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0018] Optionally, the second steering component includes a rotating member rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the fixed counterweight. A wheel for the cable to be wound around is rotatably connected to the rotating member. Limiting members are movably connected to both sides of the rotating member in the rotation direction of the wheel. A first elastic member is connected to the rotating member to drive the limiting members to move in the direction of the wheel. An active space for the cable to move is formed between the two limiting members and the wheel. The distance between the two limiting members on the side away from the wheel is smaller than the diameter of the cable.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sea surface is in a relatively stable tidal state, the first elastic element connected to both limiting members can abut against the rotating wheel located in the middle of the rotating member. The cable is wrapped around the rotating wheel and can move stably. When the floating body is pushed by wind and waves to swing in a direction perpendicular to the rotation of the rotating wheel, the cable will be pulled to slightly detach from the rotating wheel. The two limiting members can prevent the cable from completely detaching from the rotating wheel. At this time, the cable will abut against the limiting member located on the side of the offset direction. The limiting member is driven to move away from the rotating wheel until it abuts against the rotating member, thereby pushing the rotating member to rotate in the direction of the cable offset. The cable will not get stuck on the rotating wheel, and it can also drive the rotating wheel to rotate stably until the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction of cable pulling. This improves the adaptability of the support device to the wind and wave environment at sea and makes the photovoltaic system structure more stable.

[0020] Optionally, an annular groove is formed on the circumferential surface of the wheel for the cable to engage, and the width of the annular groove is smaller than the diameter of the cable.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the width of the annular groove on the turntable is set to be smaller, which allows the upper part of the cable to quickly detach from the turntable and press against the limiting component when the cable swings, thereby driving the rotating component to rotate quickly. This further reduces the possibility of the cable getting stuck on the turntable when it swings, and allows the second steering component to adapt to the changes in the cable more quickly, so as to ensure the stability of the floating body.

[0022] Optionally, the limiting member includes a movable part movably connected to the rotating member and a rotating part rotatably connected to the movable part toward the rotating wheel. The rotating part abuts against the rotating wheel, and the movable part and the rotating wheel form the movable space.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting component is divided into a part that is movably connected to the rotating component and a part that is rotatably connected to the moving part. This allows the offset cable to abut against the rotating component to push the limiting component to move, while the rotating component can also rotate with the cable as it slides, forming rolling friction with the cable and reducing the resistance when the cable slides. This ensures that the movable counterweight can slide stably and maintains the tension of the cable.

[0024] Optionally, the second steering component further includes a gear rotatably connected to the fixed counterweight, the rotating component being fixedly connected to the gear, and a rack meshing with the gear being connected between the two moving parts along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel; the moving part is movably connected to the rack along a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel, and a second elastic element and a third elastic element driving the moving part to move in opposite directions are respectively connected to both sides of the rack in the direction of movement of the moving part.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating component is rotatably connected to the counterweight via gears, and a rack is also connected between the moving parts of the two limiting components. When the cable contacts a limiting component on one side to drive it to move, the rack can move, and the rack then drives the gear to rotate. The rotating component fixed to the gear and the wheel located on the rotating component will then rotate, thereby further increasing the rotation speed of the wheel when the cable swings, and making the wheel rotate quickly to be in the same direction as the cable, so that the cable can slide better and ensure the stability of the support device.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. A support device for photovoltaic units is formed by connecting fixed counterweights, movable counterweights, and floating bodies through flexible cables. When the photovoltaic units move on the sea surface, the gravity of the movable counterweights keeps the cables taut, reducing the possibility of the floating bodies moving and overturning on the sea surface. This stabilizes the entire floating body and photovoltaic units on the sea surface and can adapt to harsh environments such as sea waves. 2. Multiple support devices support the photovoltaic unit, which improves the stability of the support and can also increase the span of the photovoltaic unit, increase the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel that collects solar radiation, and thus improve the solar energy conversion efficiency; 3. Compared to offshore piling, the fixed counterweight conveyor belt is directly positioned at the designated location at sea and sunk to the seabed before assembling the entire photovoltaic system. The steel structure support is replaced by rope structures such as cables, connecting cables, and tension cables, which improves the structural stability and adaptability of the photovoltaic system while reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a top view of the marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of the marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a front view of the marine floating cable structure photovoltaic system in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end support unit in Embodiment 1 of this application during high tide; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end support unit in Embodiment 1 of this application during low tide; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the cable-related connection structure in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the locking device and the tension cable in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 8 This is a front view of a central support unit according to Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 9 This is a side view of a central support unit according to Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 10 This is a front view of another central support unit in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 11 This is a vertical sectional view of the second steering component in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A sectional view along the AA direction.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Photovoltaic unit; 2. Support device; 21. End support unit; 22. Middle support unit; 3. Floating body; 31. Ear plate; 4. Fixed counterweight; 41. Second steering component; 411. Rotating component; 4111. Movable groove; 4112. Receiving groove; 4113. Clearing groove; 412. Rotating wheel; 4121. Annular groove; 413. Limiting component; 4131. Moving part; 4132. Rotating part; 414. First elastic component; 415. Movable space; 416. Gear; 417. Rack; 4171. Sliding groove; 418. Second elastic component; 419. Third elastic component; 5. Column; 51. Guide groove; 52. First steering component; 53. Third steering component; 6. Cable; 7. Movable counterweight; 71. Sliding part; 8. Connecting cable; 9. Tensioning cable; 10. Movable pulley; 11. Inclined support column. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-12 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 This application discloses a floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system, including a photovoltaic unit 1 and a support device 2 for supporting the photovoltaic unit 1. The photovoltaic unit 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy, and the support device 2 can adapt to tidal changes and severe weather such as storms and heavy rain, so that the photovoltaic system can remain in a stable state.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 Photovoltaic unit 1 includes several arrays of photovoltaic panels, a support frame connecting all the photovoltaic panels, and a wind-resistant mechanism mounted on the support frame. The support frame is preferably a combination of steel cables and structural steel. Compared to structural steel, its flexible construction makes it more adaptable to sea conditions and reduces costs. The cable-connected photovoltaic unit 1 can utilize existing technology, so it will not be described in detail.

[0032] Reference Figure 1The number of support devices 2 is one, which supports the middle of the photovoltaic unit 1; the number of support devices 2 can also be two, which support the two ends of the photovoltaic unit 1 respectively. Preferably, refer to Figure 2 In order to improve the stability of the support and to support the photovoltaic unit 1 with a larger span, multiple support devices 2 are provided and arranged at intervals along a straight line. The photovoltaic unit 1 is fixed to all the support devices 2. It should be noted that the support devices 2 located at both ends of the photovoltaic unit 1 are set as end support units 21, and the two end support units 21 are symmetrically arranged with the middle of the photovoltaic unit 1 as the symmetrical surface. The support devices 2 located at the two end support units 21 are set as middle support units 22.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Specifically, the support device 2 includes a floating body 3, a fixed counterweight 4, a column 5, a cable 6, and a movable counterweight 7. The floating body 3 is a rectangular box structure with buoyancy. The column 5 is vertically fixed at the middle position along the length of the top surface of the floating body 3. The column 5 can be a cement column or a steel structure column, preferably made of steel. The column 5 can be fixed to the floating body 3 by pre-embedding or bolt connection. There are multiple columns 5 arranged in an array along the length of the floating body 3. A first steering component 52 is provided on the side wall of the column 5 near the top. The fixed counterweight 4 is a square cement block submerged on the seabed. There are multiple fixed counterweights 4 located on the outer periphery of the floating body 3. A second steering component 41 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the fixed counterweight 4. The movable counterweight 7 can be a metal block or a cement block. The cable 6 is a steel cable made of steel strand. The movable counterweight 7 is connected to one end of the cable 6. The end of the cable 6 away from the movable counterweight 7 first winds upwards around the first steering component 52, then tilts downwards around the second steering component 41, and then tilts upwards to connect to the side of the floating body 3. The floating body 3 is provided with ear plates 31 for the cable 6 to pass through and attach. When the floating body 3 is in a static normal state, the entire cable 6 is on a vertical plane. The movable counterweight 7 pulls the cable 6 downwards under the action of gravity, thereby keeping the cable 6 in a taut state, and thus stabilizing the entire floating body 3 and the photovoltaic unit 1 on the sea surface.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 When the tide rises and the sea level rises, the floating body 3 floats with it, while the fixed counterweight 4 remains stationary. At this time, the cable 6 pulls the movable counterweight 7 upwards until it reaches its limit, and the cable 6 remains taut, thus maintaining stability; see reference. Figure 5 When the tide recedes and the sea level drops, the floating body 3 will also descend. As the cable 6 is relaxed, the movable counterweight 7 will fall down, thereby tightening the cable 6 to keep it taut.

[0035] In other embodiments, the first steering component 52 and the second steering part can be directly configured as protruding cylinders, with the cable 6 wound around the cylinders.

[0036] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 To ensure the stability of the floating body 3 by stabilizing the movement of the cable 6, the first steering component 52 is preferably a fixed pulley. The top of the movable counterweight 7 is provided with a lifting lug. The cable 6 is connected to the lifting lug, passes over the fixed pulley, and is then connected to the fixed counterweight 4. Furthermore, the column 5 is provided with a guide groove 51 along the vertical direction. The guide groove 51 is a T-shaped groove. The movable counterweight 7 is provided with a sliding part 71 that slides in the guide groove 51. The sliding part 71 can be a T-shaped slider arranged vertically along the movable counterweight 7, so that the movable counterweight 7 can slide stably along the column 5, avoiding the situation where the movable counterweight 7 swings randomly when the sea waves are too large. In addition, the movable counterweight 7 can also relatively increase the weight of the column 5, reducing the possibility of the column 5 swaying due to excessive wind and waves.

[0037] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 The second steering component 41 can preferably be configured as a caster wheel located at the center of the top surface of the fixed counterweight 4. The caster wheel bracket is fixed to the counterweight with pre-embedded rivets, and the caster wheel rotates around the fixed counterweight 4 along the vertical centerline. Due to uneven seabed topography or other obstacles causing the fixed counterweights 4 to be not on the same horizontal plane, and the swaying of the floating body 3 caused by wind and waves, the center plane of the fixed counterweight 4 and the cable 6 may not be on the same plane. When the cable 6 sways, the caster wheel can rotate with the cable 6, thereby reducing the possibility of the cable 6 swaying and tilting around the second steering component 41, or even causing the second steering component 41 to detach from the fixed counterweight 4, further improving the structural stability of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0038] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the column 5 is provided with guide grooves 51 arranged in a circumferential array. Each column 5 is slidably connected to movable counterweights 7 on both sides of the short direction facing the floating body 3. The two outermost columns 5 are also connected to movable counterweights 7 on both sides of the long direction facing the floating body 3. Each movable counterweight 7 is connected to a fixed counterweight 4 through a cable 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7To ensure the stability of the photovoltaic system and reduce construction costs, a support device 2 includes only two sets of cables 6, which are respectively connected to the two outermost columns 5. Correspondingly, the first steering component 52 is also installed on the two outermost columns 5. Each set of cables 6 includes three cables 6, one of which is located on a plane overlapping with the arrangement direction of the columns 5, and the other two cables are located on both sides of the upper cable 6, with the included angle preferably 45° to the middle cable 6. The fixed counterweight 4 connected to the two side cables 6 is also set at a 45° angle to the fixed counterweight 4 connected to the middle cable 6. The support device 2 also includes connecting cables 8, with the columns 5 facing the adjacent columns 5. A third steering component 53 is provided on one side, and the height of the third steering component 53 is the same as that of the first steering component 52. For ease of installation, the third steering component 53 also uses the same fixed pulley as the first steering component 52. Both ends of the connecting cable 8 are wound around the third steering components 53 of the two adjacent columns 5 and are also connected to the movable counterweight 7. The middle of the connecting cable 8 is connected to the tension cable 9. Both the connecting cable 8 and the tension cable 9 are steel cables. The end of the tension cable 9 away from the connecting cable 8 is wound around a second steering component 41 of a fixed counterweight 4 and connected to the side of the floating body 3. The connection method between the tension cable 9 and the second steering component 41 is the same as the connection method between the cable 6 and the second steering component 41. The two adjacent columns 5 are then connected to the movable counterweight 7 and the fixed counterweight 4 by the connecting cable 8 and the tension cable 9. This not only keeps each column 5 and the cable structure in a stable state, but also balances each column 5 and reduces the possibility of the floating body 3 tilting.

[0040] In other embodiments, the tension cable 9 may be fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting cable 8. In this embodiment, the tension cable 9 is slidably connected to the connecting cable 8: see reference Figure 4 The end of the tension cable 9 can be directly sleeved onto the connecting cable 8; preferably, refer to Figure 7 The end of the tension cable 9 is connected to a movable pulley 10, and the connecting cable 8 is wound around the wheel of the movable pulley 10. When the wind and rain at sea are too strong, the floating body 3 may sway, so that the columns 5 are not on the same horizontal plane. At this time, the tension cable 9 will slide on the connecting cable 8 and remain in the middle of the two columns 5. The tension cable 9 and the fixed counterweight 4 can maintain a vertical connection. The movable counterweights 7 at both ends of the connecting cable 8 can keep the connecting cable 8 and the tension cable 9 taut at all times, thereby balancing the tilted columns 5 and allowing the floating body 3 to return to a stable state as soon as possible; further improving the stability of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0041] In other embodiments, the structures of the end support unit 21 and the middle support unit 22 may be completely identical.

[0042] In this embodiment, because the end support unit 21 and the middle support unit 22 are located at different positions, there are corresponding structural differences, which can further reduce the cost while ensuring structural strength. (Refer to...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 Multiple columns 5 are provided between the two outermost columns 5 on the two floating bodies 3 on the two end support units 21. Fixed counterweights 4 connected to the tension cable 9 are located on the side of the two floating bodies 3 away from the photovoltaic unit 1. The side of the column 5 away from the tension cable 9 is connected to an inclined support 11 that is inclinedly connected to the floating body 3. Since the middle support unit 22 is located inside the photovoltaic unit 1, fixed counterweights 4 connected to the tension cable 9 are provided on both sides of the floating body 3 in the middle support unit 22. In addition, since the supporting force on the middle part of the photovoltaic unit 1 can be less than the supporting force on both ends when both ends of the photovoltaic unit 1 are stably supported, the stability of the entire structure can be maintained. Therefore, the number of columns 5 in a middle support unit 22 can be set to two.

[0043] Specifically, in one structure, referencing Figure 8 and Figure 9 The length of the floating body 3 in the middle support unit 22 can be shorter than the length of the floating body 3 in the end support unit 21. Two third steering components 53 are arranged at an angle on one column 5. A connecting cable 8 connects the corresponding pair of third steering components 53 on the two columns 5. The two connecting cables 8 are respectively connected to fixed counterweights 4 located on both sides of the floating body 3 via tension cables 9, thereby forming a stable support. In another structure, refer to... Figure 10 A central support unit 22 includes two floating bodies 3, and two columns 5 are fixed to the two floating bodies 3 respectively. The columns 5 have four first steering components 52 arranged in a circumferential array. There are four corresponding cables 6, which are respectively connected to movable counterweights 7 and fixed counterweights 4. A counterweight larger than the fixed counterweight 4 is placed between the two columns 5. Two cables 6 on the side of the two columns 5 close to the other column 5 are connected to the large counterweight, which can appropriately reduce the amount of work.

[0044] The implementation principle of Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: The entire photovoltaic unit 1 is supported and floats on the sea surface by the end support unit 21 and the intermediate support unit. When the sea surface is relatively calm, the cable 6, connected to the movable coupling, passes sequentially around the fixed pulley on the column 5 and the universal wheel on the fixed counterweight 4 before connecting to the floating body 3. The movable counterweight 7 pulls the cable 6 downward under the action of gravity, thereby keeping the cable 6, connecting cable 8, and tension cable 9 taut, thus stabilizing the entire floating body 3 and the photovoltaic unit 1 on the sea surface. When the tide rises and the sea level rises, the floating body 3 floats upward, while the fixed counterweight 4 remains stationary. As it floats, the cable 6 and connecting cable 8 pull the movable counterweight 7 upward. During the lifting process, the cable 6, connecting cable 8, and tension cable 9 remain taut, thus ensuring the floating body 3 and the photovoltaic unit 1 remain stable on the sea surface. To maintain the stability of the photovoltaic system; when the tide recedes and the sea level drops, the floating body 3 will also drop simultaneously. As the cable 6 is relaxed, the movable counterweight 7 will fall down to tighten the cable 6, and the middle part of the connecting cable 8 will also be raised to keep the tension cable 9 taut, thus maintaining the stability of the structure; in addition, when the sea surface is rough and the floating body 3 sways, the casters can rotate with the swing of the cable 6 or the tension cable 9, thus ensuring that the cable 6, connecting cable 8 and tension cable 9 are in a taut state. Moreover, the tension cable 9, which is always located between two adjacent columns 5, and the fixed counterweight 4 can stabilize the column 5, further improving the stability of the support device 2.

[0045] Example 2: Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 This application discloses a floating cable structure photovoltaic system for marine applications. In order to adapt to the changing marine environment, the difference from the first embodiment lies in the structure of the second steering component 41. Specifically, the second steering component 41 includes a rotating member 411 rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the fixed counterweight 4. The rotating member 411 can be cylindrical. A movable groove 4111 is provided in the center of the top surface of the rotating member 411, which runs radially through both sides of the rotating member 411. A wheel 412 for the cable 6 or tension cable 9 to be wound is rotatably connected to the rotating member 411 within the movable groove 4111. Limiting members 413 are movably connected to both sides of the rotating wheel 412 in the direction of rotation within the movable groove 4111 of the rotating member 411. A first elastic member 414 is connected to the rotating member 411 to drive the limiting members 413 to move toward the rotating wheel 412. The first elastic member 414 can be a spring or a rubber pad, preferably a steel spring. An active space 415 for the cable 6 or tension cable 9 to move is formed between the two limiting members 413 and the rotating wheel 412. The distance between the two limiting members 413 on the side away from the rotating wheel 412 is less than the diameter of the cable 6. Furthermore, an annular groove 4121 is provided on the circumferential surface of the pulley 412 for the cable 6 or tension cable 9 to engage, so as to make the rope movement more stable. Moreover, the width of the annular groove 4121 is smaller than the diameter of the cable 6, so as to prevent the cable 6 from completely disengaging from the pulley 412.

[0046] When the floating body 3 is pushed by the wind and waves to swing in a direction perpendicular to the rotation of the wheel 412, the cable 6 will be pulled to slightly detach from the wheel 412. The width of the annular groove 4121 on the wheel 412 is set to be small, so the cable 6 can quickly detach from the wheel 412 and abut against the limiting member 413 located on the side of the offset direction. The limiting member 413 is driven to move away from the wheel 412 to abut against the rotating member 411, thereby pushing the rotating member 411 to rotate in the offset direction of the cable 6. The cable 6 will not get stuck on the wheel 412, and it can also drive the wheel 412 to rotate stably until the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction of the cable 6. This improves the adaptability of the support device 2 to the wind and waves at sea and makes the photovoltaic system structure more stable.

[0047] Furthermore, the limiting member 413 includes a moving part 4131 movably connected to the rotating member 411 and a rotating part 4132 rotatably connected to the moving part 4131 toward the rotating wheel 412. The rotating part 4132 abuts against the rotating wheel 412, and the aforementioned movable space 415 is formed between the two rotating parts 4132 and the rotating wheel 412. The inner wall of the rotating part 4132 in the movable space 415 is arc-shaped. Thus, when the offset cable 6 abuts against the rotating member 411 to push the limiting member 413 to move, the rotating member 411 can also rotate with the sliding of the cable 6, forming rolling friction with the cable 6, reducing the resistance when the cable 6 slides, so that the movable counterweight 7 can slide stably and ensure the tension of the cable 6.

[0048] To further increase the rotational speed of the pulley 412 when the cable 6 swings, the second steering component 41 also includes a gear 416 rotatably connected to the fixed counterweight 4. The rotating component 411 is fixedly connected to the gear 416 to achieve a rotatable connection with the fixed counterweight 4. The bottom surface of the rotating component 411 has a receiving groove 4112 for accommodating the gear 416. A rack 417 that meshes with the gear 416 is connected between the two moving parts 4131 along a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the pulley 412. The rotating component 411 also has a clearance groove 4113 that communicates with the receiving groove 4112 and allows the rack 417 to move. Specifically, the gear... A sliding groove 4171 is provided on the bottom surface of the rack 417 near both ends. A slider is provided at the bottom end of the moving part 4131 and slides in the sliding groove 4171. The moving part 4131 is slidably connected to the rack 417 along the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating wheel 412. A second elastic member 418 and a third elastic member 419 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 4171 on both sides of the moving direction of the moving part 4131 to drive the moving part 4131 to move in opposite directions. The second elastic member 418 is located on the side of the moving part 4131 away from the rotating wheel 412. Both the second elastic member 418 and the third elastic member 419 are springs. When the cable 6 contacts the limiting member 413 on one side to drive it to move, the rack 417 can move. The rack 417 then drives the gear 416 to rotate. The rotating member 411 fixed to the gear 416 and the wheel 412 located on the rotating member 411 will rotate accordingly. This can stably convert linear movement into rotation, thereby further increasing the rotation speed of the wheel 412 when the cable 6 swings. This allows the wheel 412 to rotate quickly and stably to the same direction as the cable 6, so that the cable 6 can slide better and ensure the stability of the support device 2.

[0049] The implementation principle of Embodiment 2 of this application is as follows: When the sea surface is in a relatively stable ebb and flow state, the first elastic element 414 drives the limiting element 413 to abut against the wheel 412, and the cable 6 is wound around the annular groove 4121 of the wheel 412, so that it can move stably. When the floating body 3 is pushed by the wind and waves to swing in a direction perpendicular to the rotation of the wheel 412, the cable 6 will be pulled to slightly detach from the wheel 412 and press against the limiting member 413 located on the side of the offset direction. The limiting member 413 under pressure will compress the second spring to push the rack 417 to move. At this time, the other limiting member 413 will not move immediately due to the buffering effect of the second elastic member 418 and the third elastic member 419. The rack 417 then drives the gear 416 to rotate, and the rotating member 411 fixed to the gear 416 and the wheel 412 located on the rotating member 411 will rotate accordingly. This can stably convert linear movement into rotation. The cable 6 will not get stuck on the wheel 412, and it can also drive the wheel 412 to rotate quickly and stably until the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction of the cable 6. This improves the adaptability of the support device 2 to the wind and wave environment at sea and makes the entire photovoltaic system structure more stable.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications, comprising a photovoltaic unit (1) and a support device (2) for supporting the photovoltaic unit (1), characterized in that: The support device (2) includes a floating body (3), a fixed counterweight (4), a column (5), a cable (6), and a movable counterweight (7); the fixed counterweight (4) is submerged on the seabed, the column (5) is fixed to the floating body (3), the column (5) and the fixed counterweight (4) are respectively provided with a first steering component (52) and a second steering component (41), and the movable counterweight (7) is connected to the cable (6); the end of the cable (6) away from the movable counterweight (7) passes around the first steering component (52) and the second steering component (41) in sequence and is then connected to the side of the floating body (3); The second steering component (41) includes a rotating member (411) rotatably connected to the center of the top surface of the fixed counterweight (4). A wheel (412) for the cable (6) to be wound is rotatably connected to the rotating member (411). Limiting members (413) are movably connected to both sides of the rotating member (411) in the rotation direction of the wheel (412). A first elastic member (414) is connected to the rotating member (411) to drive the limiting members (413) to move toward the wheel (412). An active space (415) for the cable (6) to move is formed between the two limiting members (413) and the wheel (412). The distance between the two limiting members (413) on the side away from the wheel (412) is smaller than the diameter of the cable (6). The limiting member (413) includes a moving part (4131) movably connected to the rotating member (411) and a rotating part (4132) rotatably connected to the moving part (4131) toward the rotating wheel (412). The rotating part (4132) abuts against the rotating wheel (412), and the two rotating parts (4132) and the rotating wheel (412) form the active space (415). The second steering component (41) further includes a gear (416) rotatably connected to the fixed counterweight (4), the rotating component (411) is fixedly connected to the gear (416), and a rack (417) that meshes with the gear (416) is connected between the two moving parts (4131) along the rotation axis direction parallel to the rotating wheel (412); the moving part (4131) is movably connected to the rack (417) along the rotation axis direction parallel to the rotating wheel (412), and the rack (417) is connected to a second elastic element (418) and a third elastic element (419) on both sides of the moving part (4131) in the moving direction to drive the moving part (4131) to move in opposite directions.

2. The floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (5) has a guide groove (51) along the vertical direction, and the movable counterweight (7) is provided with a sliding part (71) that slides in the guide groove (51).

3. A marine floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The number of columns (5) is multiple and arranged along the longitudinal direction of the floating body (3). The cable (6) is connected to the two outermost columns (5). The support device (2) also includes a connecting cable (8). A third steering component (53) is provided on the side of the column (5) facing the adjacent column (5). The two ends of the connecting cable (8) are respectively wound around the third steering component (53) of the two adjacent columns (5) and are also connected to the movable counterweight (7). A tension cable (9) is connected to the middle of the connecting cable (8). The end of the tension cable (9) away from the connecting cable (8) is wound around the second steering component (41) of a fixed counterweight (4) and connected to the side of the floating body (3).

4. A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tension cable (9) is slidably connected to the connecting cable (8).

5. A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the support devices (2) is set to be multiple and arranged at intervals along a straight line, and the photovoltaic unit (1) is fixed to the top of the column (5) of all the support devices (2).

6. A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second steering component (41) is a universal wheel located in the middle of the top surface of the fixed counterweight (4).

7. A floating cable-stayed photovoltaic system for marine applications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the wheel (412) is provided with an annular groove (4121) for the cable (6) to fit into. The width of the annular groove (4121) is smaller than the diameter of the cable (6).

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