Anti-pull pile, pile structure, pile body, base, fixed connection assembly and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses an anti-pulling pile, which comprises a pile hole formed by extending inwardly from the ground surface to the stratum, a pile structure arranged in the pile hole along the axial direction of the pile hole; the pile structure comprises a pile body and a reinforcing bar; the pile body is a structure formed by reinforced concrete and / or steel structure, and the pile body is embedded in the lower end of the pile hole; the lower end of the reinforcing bar is connected with the pile body, and the upper end of the reinforcing bar is located above the pile hole opening of the pile hole and used for connecting an external connecting member; the top surface of the pile body to the pile hole opening is an empty pile without the pile body in the pile hole; the empty pile is a pile hole cavity, or / and is a backfill soil body in the pile hole cavity, or / and is a self-falling soil body caused by the retraction and / or collapse of the hole wall soil layer of the pile hole cavity. In the anti-pulling pile structure, the pile body will not have downward relative displacement relative to the stratum, and will not have the phenomenon of repeated displacement upward and downward relative to the stratum; the frictional strength, especially the long-term frictional strength, between the pile body and the stratum is guaranteed, and the risk of large frictional strength reduction or failure will not occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and in particular to an anti-tension pile and a pile structure, pile body, base and fixing assembly for the anti-tension pile, as well as a construction method for the anti-tension pile. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most commonly used piles in engineering are those whose tops are directly connected to external structural members (such as foundation caps, basement slabs, ground beams, etc.) or their cushion layers, thus transferring forces between the pile and the external structural members. Piles are classified into three main categories according to their function: load-bearing piles, tension piles, and anti-slide piles. The loads on piles with different functions are different. Load-bearing piles are subjected to compression, tension piles to tension, and anti-slide piles to bending and shear.

[0003] In existing technologies, tension piles are directly connected to external connecting members or their cushion layers. When the external connecting member floats upward under buoyancy, the pile and the external connecting member move upward synchronously. When the buoyancy of the external connecting member decreases and it settles downward, the pile moves downward synchronously. Because the groundwater level changes periodically, the pile will periodically move up and down relative to the stratum. This displacement is a relative displacement between the pile and the stratum, which has a significant impact on the friction strength between the pile and the stratum, and may even lead to loosening of the anchorage between the pile and the stratum, reducing or even causing failure of the tension bearing capacity. Moreover, the friction strength of the pile side is also affected. The friction strength is not uniform; the deeper the pile, the greater the friction strength, and the shallower the pile, the smaller the friction strength. Especially in the shallower range below the surface of the stratum, due to the large relative displacement between the pile and the stratum over a long period of time, cracks appear between the pile sidewall and the soil, making the friction strength close to zero. At the same time, the workload of connecting the pile to the external components is also large, which is uneconomical, environmentally unfriendly, and has low mechanical efficiency. Especially when using precast piles, pile driving will also cause soil squeezing, causing adjacent piles and adjacent buildings to tilt and drift. When using bored piles, a large amount of excess mud and soil will be discarded, which is not environmentally friendly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an anti-tension pile, pile structure, pile body, base, fixing components, and construction method to solve the technical problems of existing anti-tension piles, such as the pile body easily shifting back and forth periodically relative to the stratum, resulting in loosening of the anchorage between the pile body and the stratum, reducing or even failing the anti-tension bearing capacity, and the large amount of work required to connect the pile body to the external connecting components, which is uneconomical, environmentally unfriendly, and has low mechanical efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] An anti-tension pile includes: a pile hole extending concavely from the ground surface into the stratum; a pile structure arranged axially within the pile hole; the pile structure includes a pile body and tie bars, the pile body being a structure made of reinforced concrete and / or steel, and the pile body being embedded in the lower end of the pile hole; the lower end of the tie bars is connected to the pile body, and the upper end of the tie bars is located above the pile hole opening for connecting external connecting components; the area between the top surface of the pile body and the pile hole opening is an empty pile without a pile body within the pile hole, the empty pile being the pile hole cavity, or / and the backfill soil within the pile hole cavity, or / and the soil that has shrunk or / and collapsed from the hole wall soil layer of the pile hole cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the length of the empty pile is greater than half the length of the pile body, and / or the length of the empty pile is greater than 5 times the outer diameter of the pile body.

[0008] Furthermore, the tension pile also includes a protective sleeve for protecting the upper end of the tie bar, the protective sleeve being axially fitted onto the outer circle of the upper end of the tie bar and extending upward into the outer connecting member; or, the tension pile also includes a protective sleeve assembly for protecting the upper end of the tie bar, the protective sleeve assembly including: a protective sleeve axially fitted onto the outer circle of the upper end of the tie bar and extending upward into the outer connecting member, a sealant connected to the lower opening end of the protective sleeve, and an anti-corrosion material filled inside the protective sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the pull-out pile also includes a water filter pipe inserted axially into the empty pile, the water filter pipe having a water-permeable pipe wall.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, a pile structure is also provided for an anti-tension pile as described in any of the above, comprising: a pile body and a tie rod, one end of which extends axially into the pile body and is connected to the pile body; the length of the exposed section of the tie rod outside the pile body is greater than 60 times the diameter of the tie rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the pile structure also includes a sleeve fitted onto the outer circumference of the exposed section of the tie rod; the sleeve is filled with lubricating material.

[0012] Furthermore, the pile structure also includes a pile shoe with a cavity for accommodating the components surrounding the bottom of the pile.

[0013] Furthermore, the pile structure also includes a material conveying pipe and / or a grouting pipe arranged parallel to the exposed section of the tie bar, the material conveying pipe and / or the grouting pipe being connected to the exposed section of the tie bar respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the pile structure also includes an axially arranged hollow pile tube, the lower end of which is detachably connected to the top of the pile body through an adapter hole or adapter provided at the top of the pile body; tie rods, or tie rods and material conveying pipes and / or grouting pipes are axially inserted into the hollow pile tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the hollow pile pipe is in the shape of a hollow tube; or, the hollow pile pipe includes a hollow tube body, a wing plate vertically fitted onto the outer circle of the lower end of the hollow pile pipe body, ribs arranged circumferentially and spaced apart and connected between the outer circle surface of the hollow pile pipe body and the wing plate; tie rods, or tie rods and conveying pipes and / or grouting pipes are axially inserted into the hollow pile pipe body.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower end of the empty pile tube is inserted into the adapter hole and abuts against the bottom of the adapter hole; or, the lower end of the empty pile tube is threadedly connected to the adapter hole or adapter; or, the lower end of the empty pile tube is detachably snapped into the adapter hole or adapter.

[0017] According to another aspect of the invention, a pile body is also provided for a pile structure as described in any of the above, wherein the pile body is provided with a central channel for axially inserting tie bars; the top end of the pile body is provided with a recessed adapter hole or connected to an adapter for detachably connecting an empty pile tube.

[0018] Furthermore, the pile body is a reinforced concrete pile; or, the pile body is a steel pipe with a pile bottom plate at the bottom; or, the pile body includes a pile top plate, a pile bottom plate and at least three columns, with the pile top plate welded to the top of each column and the pile bottom plate welded to the bottom of each column.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the adapter hole is provided with a steel plate for abutting the bottom end of the empty pile pipe; or, the wall of the adapter hole is provided with an internal thread for threaded connection with the external thread of the empty pile pipe; or, the wall of the adapter hole is provided with a retaining ring for detachably engaging with the first protrusion provided on the lower outer wall of the empty pile pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the adapter consists of a support plate and an adapter cylinder. The adapter cylinder is perpendicular to the support plate and is an integral unit. The adapter cylinder is located in the central channel. The inner wall of the adapter cylinder is provided with an internal thread for threaded connection with the external thread provided at the lower end of the empty pile pipe; or, the lower end of the inner wall of the adapter cylinder is provided with a retaining ring for detachably engaging with the first protrusion provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the empty pile pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, the adapter consists of a support plate and an adapter cylinder. The adapter cylinder is perpendicular to the support plate and is an integral part. The adapter cylinder is located outside the central channel. The outer wall of the adapter cylinder is provided with external threads for threaded connection with the internal threads provided at the lower end of the empty pile tube; or, the outer wall of the lower end of the adapter cylinder is provided with a second protrusion for engaging with the latch provided at the lower inner wall of the empty pile tube.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a base is also provided for connecting the tie rod in any of the above-described tension piles and the tie rod in any of the above-described pile structures to the pile body in any of the above-described tension piles, the pile body in any of the above-described pile structures, and the pile body in any of the above-described pile structures. The base includes an upper plate and a lower plate arranged at relatively intervals, and a connecting pipe connected between the upper plate and the lower plate. The upper plate is fixed to the bottom end of the pile body, and the connecting pipe is used for the tie rod to pass through.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fastening assembly is also provided for connecting the tie rod in any of the above-described tension piles and the tie rod in any of the above-described pile structures to the pile body in any of the above-described tension piles, the pile body in any of the above-described pile structures, and the pile body in any of the above-described pile structures. The assembly includes: a connecting plate and a fixing member; the connecting plate is disposed at the bottom end of the pile body, or at the bottom end of the base as described above, and the connecting plate has an installation hole for the tie rod to pass through; the connecting plate or the fixing member is connected to the pile body, or the connecting plate or the fixing member is connected to the lower plate of the base as described above; the fixing member is used to fix the lower end of the tie rod to the connecting plate after the tie rod passes through the installation hole.

[0024] Furthermore, the mounting hole is a tapered hole with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from bottom to top; the fastener includes a pressure plate located below the connecting plate and a cone corresponding to the tapered hole and capable of retracting inward under force; the cone is used to squeeze into the gap between the tie rod and the tapered hole from bottom to top, so as to retract inward and clamp the tie rod under the action of the tapered hole during the upward squeezing process; the pressure plate is connected to the bottom end of the pile or the base of claim 17 to prevent the cone from falling out of the tapered hole.

[0025] Furthermore, the fastener includes a pressure plate located below the connecting plate and a locking head fixed to the outer circle of the lower end of the tie rod; the pressure plate is connected to the bottom end of the pile or the base of claim 17; the locking head is located between the connecting plate and the pressure plate to tighten the connecting plate under the force of the tie rod.

[0026] Furthermore, the fastener is a fixing nut, which is fixed to the connecting plate, and the lower end of the tie rod is threadedly connected to the fixing nut.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, a construction method is also provided for fabricating a pile structure as described above and driving it into the ground to form an uplift pile as described above, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: fabricating a pile body with a central channel according to the designed pile body shape and dimensions; S2: inserting the lower section of the tie rod into the central channel of the pile body and connecting it to the pile body, while exposing the upper section of the tie rod outside the central channel; when a material conveying pipe and / or a grouting pipe are designed, arranging the material conveying pipe and / or the grouting pipe alongside the tie rod and... S3: Insert the tie bar into the empty pile pipe. When a material conveying pipe and / or grouting pipe are designed, insert the material conveying pipe and / or grouting pipe into the empty pile pipe together with the tie bar. Connect the lower end of the empty pile pipe to the top of the pile body through the adapter hole or adapter set at the top of the pile body. S4: Apply force to the upper end of the empty pile pipe with a pile driver to drive the pile into the designed depth position in the stratum. S5: Remove the empty pile pipe from the pile body and pull it out of the stratum, so that an empty pile is formed between the top surface of the pile body and the opening of the pile hole.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing an anti-tension pile as described in any of the above claims is also provided, comprising the following steps: T1: drilling a hole in the stratum to form a pile hole according to the designed pile diameter and depth; T2: connecting the lower end of the tie bar to the reinforcing cage, placing the reinforcing cage together with the tie bar at the bottom of the pile hole, with the upper end of the tie bar above the opening of the pile hole; or, connecting the lower end of the tie bar to the reinforcing cage, arranging the material conveying pipe and / or the grouting pipe alongside the tie bar and installing them at the designed position of the tie bar, then placing the reinforcing cage together with the tie bar at the bottom of the pile hole, and entering the pile hole together with the material conveying pipe and / or the grouting pipe, so that the upper ends of the tie bar and the material conveying pipe and / or the grouting pipe are above the opening of the pile hole; T3: pouring concrete into the pile hole to form a pile with a diameter, length and embedment depth that meet the design requirements, so that an empty pile is formed between the top surface of the pile body and the opening of the pile hole.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In the anti-tension pile structure of this invention, since the area between the top surface of the pile body and the opening of the pile hole is an empty pile, and the external connecting components and their cushion layer do not directly contact the pile body, when the external connecting components settle downwards and exert pressure on the surface of the stratum, the external connecting components and their cushion layer will not directly transmit the pressure to the pile body, but will only transmit the pressure through the stratum soil. Therefore, the pile body will not undergo downward relative displacement with respect to the stratum, and will not experience repeated up-and-down displacement with respect to the stratum. The frictional strength between the pile body and the stratum, especially the long-term frictional strength, is guaranteed, and there is no risk of a significant decrease in frictional strength or failure.

[0031] Compared to the use of a single pile in existing technologies, the tension pile structure of this invention only includes a short pile segment and connecting reinforcement bars, significantly shortening the pile length. This not only improves the tension pile's bearing capacity but also effectively saves on the construction of a large number of piles, resulting in higher economic value. Furthermore, during actual construction, the shorter pile is buried at a deeper underground location, utilizing the high lateral friction strength between the deeper soil layers and the pile to achieve greater tension bearing capacity, thereby significantly improving the pile's mechanical efficiency. In the tension pile structure of this invention, the top surface of the pile is hollow. Especially when the hollow pile is a cavity in the pile hole, it can solve the soil displacement problem caused by driving precast piles. When using bored piles, the excess soil and debris generated can be backfilled into the hollow pile, reducing the amount of excess soil and debris discarded, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0032] Furthermore, in the anti-tension pile structure of this invention, the self-falling soil generated by the vibration and compression of backfilling or subsequent adjacent pile driving fills the cavity of the pile hole. The filling soil is consolidated with the original soil of the stratum into a whole, resulting in better pile embedment and higher anti-tension bearing capacity than existing anti-tension piles. The anti-tension pile of this invention represents a significant breakthrough from traditional anti-tension piles and has broad practical value.

[0033] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the anti-uplift pile structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the hollow pile with a pile hole cavity in the anti-tension pile of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the anti-uplift pile hollow pile of the present invention, which uses backfill soil.

[0038] Figure 2C This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the soil body in which the soil layer of the hole wall of the hollow pile of the anti-tension pile of the present invention shrinks or / and collapses.

[0039] Figure 2D This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention, in which a water filter pipe is provided inside the empty pile;

[0040] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention with a protective casing. Figure 1 (The tie rod is made of steel reinforcement);

[0041] Figure 3B Schematic diagram two of the embodiments of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention with protective sleeve (the tie rod is steel strand);

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pile structure of the present invention. Figure 1 (The bracing sleeve has a sleeve);

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pile structure of the present invention (with material conveying pipe and grouting pipe installed on the tie rod);

[0044] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pile structure with adapting holes according to the present invention;

[0045] Figures 6B-6C These are schematic diagrams illustrating two embodiments of the pile structure with adapter according to the present invention;

[0046] Figures 7A-7B This is a schematic diagram of the concrete structure of the present invention and two connection methods between the pile body and the pile shoe;

[0047] Figure 7CThis is a schematic diagram of the pile body of the steel pipe structure of the present invention and its connection method with the pile shoe;

[0048] Figure 7D This is a schematic diagram of the pile body and the connection method with the pile shoe of the column structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the detachable connection between the hollow pile tube and the pile body in the pile structure of the present invention through the adapter hole.

[0050] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the detachable connection between the hollow pile tube and the pile body in the pile structure of the present invention via an adapter. Figure 1 ;

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic diagram 2 shows the detachable connection between the hollow pile pipe and the pile body in the pile structure of the present invention via an adapter;

[0052] Figure 11 Schematic diagram 3 shows the detachable connection between the hollow pile pipe and the pile body in the pile structure of the present invention via an adapter;

[0053] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the detachable connection between the hollow pile tube and the pile body in the pile structure of the present invention via an adapter. Figure 4 ;

[0054] Figures 13A-13B These are schematic diagrams of two examples of empty pile pipe implementations;

[0055] Figure 14A Schematic diagram of a pile structure with pile shoe and base. Figure 1 ;

[0056] Figure 14B for Figure 14A A schematic diagram of the base embodiment;

[0057] Figure 15A Schematic diagram 2 of a pile structure with pile shoe and base;

[0058] Figure 15B for Figure 15A A schematic diagram of the base embodiment;

[0059] Figure 16A A schematic diagram of a pile structure with pile shoes and fixing components;

[0060] Figure 16B for Figure 16A A schematic diagram of the structure of piles, tie bars and fixing components in the middle;

[0061] Figure 16C for Figure 16A A schematic diagram of the fixed connection component structure in the diagram;

[0062] Figure 17AA schematic diagram of the structure in which the pile, tie rod, and another fixing component are combined;

[0063] Figure 17B for Figure 17A A schematic diagram of the fixed connection component structure in the diagram;

[0064] Figure 18A A schematic diagram of the structure in which the pile, tie rod, and third type of fixing component are combined;

[0065] Figure 18B for Figure 18A A schematic diagram of the fixed connection component structure in the diagram;

[0066] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of a pile structure having a pile shoe, a base, and a first type of fixing component;

[0067] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a pile structure with a pile shoe, a base, and a second type of fixing component;

[0068] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of a pile structure with a pile shoe, a base, and a third type of fixing component;

[0069] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency vibratory hammer used for pile driving during the construction of the anti-uplift piles of this invention;

[0070] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the hammer driving method used during the construction of the anti-uplift piles of this invention;

[0071] Figure 24 for Figure 22 Enlarged view of local area III;

[0072] Figure 25 for Figure 23 Enlarged view of local region IV;

[0073] Figure 26A This is a schematic diagram of the hole formation state during the construction of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 26B This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the reinforcing cage placed in the pile hole during the construction of the pull-out pile of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 26C This is a schematic diagram of the pile body formed by concrete pouring during the construction of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 26D This is a schematic diagram of the hollow pile formed by backfilling the soil inside the pile hole cavity during the construction of the pull-out pile of the present invention.

[0077] Legend

[0078] 101. Reinforcing cage; 102. Concrete; 1. Pile structure; 11. Pile body; 111. Central channel; 112. Adapter hole; 1121. Internal thread; 113. Steel plate; 1131. Through hole; 114. Adapter; 1141. Support plate; 1142. Adapter cylinder; 11421. Internal thread; 11422. External thread; 1143. Snap ring; 1144. Second protrusion; 116. Connector; 119. Pile bottom structure Components; 1191, Pile base plate; 1192, Pile top plate; 1193, Steel pipe; 1194, Column; 12, Tie bar; 121, Sleeve; 1211, Lubricating material; 122, First fastener; 123, Protective sleeve assembly; 1231, Anti-corrosion material; 1232, Sealing material; 124, Material conveying pipe; 125, Grouting pipe; 126, Second fastener; 13, Base; 131, Top plate; 132, Connecting pipe; 133 134. Bottom plate; 135. Screw; 14. Support rib; 15. Pile shoe; 141. Conical tube; 142. Cylinder; 144. Mounting ring; 145. Bolt; 15. Fastening assembly; 151. Fixing component; 1511. Cone; 1512. Pressure plate; 1513. Clamping head; 1514. Fixing nut; 15141. Inner hole; 152. Connecting plate; 1521. Mounting hole; 153. Locking nut; 16. Empty pile tube; 161. Wing plate; 1611. External thread of empty pile pipe; 1612. Internal thread of empty pile pipe; 162. Rib plate; 163. First protrusion; 164. Clamp; 2. Empty pile; 21. Pile hole cavity; 22. Backfill soil; 23. Free-falling soil; 24. Filter pipe; 3. Stratum; 31. Ground surface; 32. Pile hole; 33. Pumping pipe; 34. Water pump; 35. Pile hole opening; 4. External connecting component; 5. Hammer; 6. Vibratory hammer. Detailed Implementation

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0080] Reference Figures 1-3B A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-uplift pile, comprising: a pile hole 32 formed by extending concavely from the ground surface 31 into the stratum 3, and a pile structure 1 arranged axially within the pile hole 32; the pile structure 1 includes a pile body 11 and a tie rod 12, the pile body 11 being a structure made of reinforced concrete and / or steel, and the pile body 11 being embedded in the lower end of the pile hole 32, the lower end of the tie rod 12 being connected to the pile body 11, and the upper end of the tie rod 12 being located above the pile hole opening 35 of the pile hole 32 for connecting an external connecting member 4; the area between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35 is an empty pile 2 without a pile body within the pile hole 32, the empty pile 2 being a pile hole cavity 21, or / and backfill soil 22 within the pile hole cavity 21, or / and self-falling soil 23 resulting from the shrinkage or / and collapse of the soil layer on the hole wall of the pile hole cavity 21.

[0081] In the anti-tension pile structure of the present invention, since the area between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35 is an empty pile 2, and the external connecting member 4 and its cushion layer do not directly contact the pile body 11, when the external connecting member 4 settles downward and exerts pressure on the surface 31 of the stratum 3, the external connecting member 4 and its cushion layer will not directly transmit the pressure to the pile body 11, but will only transmit the pressure through the stratum soil. Therefore, the pile body 11 will not undergo downward relative displacement relative to the stratum, and will not experience repeated up-and-down displacement relative to the stratum. The frictional strength between the pile body and the stratum, especially the long-term frictional strength, is guaranteed, and there is no risk of a significant decrease in frictional strength or failure.

[0082] Compared to the use of a single pile in existing technologies, the tension pile structure of this invention only includes a short pile section 11 and tie bars 12 connecting the pile section 11. The length of the pile section 11 is significantly shortened, which not only improves the tension pile bearing capacity but also effectively saves a large amount of pile section 11 construction, thus resulting in higher economic value. In actual construction, the shorter pile section 11 is buried at a deeper underground location, taking advantage of the high lateral friction strength between the deeper soil layer 3 and the pile section 11 to obtain a larger tension bearing capacity, thereby significantly improving the mechanical efficiency of the pile section 11. In the tension pile structure of this invention, the area above the top surface of the pile section is an empty pile 2. Especially when the empty pile 2 is the pile hole cavity 21, it can solve the soil squeezing problem caused by the driving of precast piles. When using bored piles, excess soil and debris can be backfilled, reducing the disposal of excess soil and debris, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0083] Furthermore, in the anti-tension pile structure of this invention, the self-falling soil generated by the vibration and compression of backfilling or subsequent adjacent pile driving fills the cavity 21 of the pile hole. The filling soil is consolidated with the original soil of the stratum into a whole, resulting in better embedment of the pile body 11 and a higher tensile bearing capacity than existing anti-tension piles. The anti-tension pile of this invention represents a significant breakthrough from traditional anti-tension piles and has broad practical value.

[0084] In this optional solution, see Figures 1-3B The tie rod 12 can be made of slender rods with good tensile strength, such as steel bars, steel strands, carbon fiber rods, or glass fiber rods; specifically, the diameter of the steel bar is 40mm, the diameter of the steel strand is 15.2mm, and the length is 6-25m. The pile body 11 can be made of reinforced concrete or a steel structure made of steel; the pile body 11 is buried at the bottom of the pile hole 32, located below the ground surface 31 of the stratum 3 at a set burial depth H1, where the burial depth H1 refers to the depth of the top surface of the pile body 11 below the ground surface, specifically 4-20m. The pile body 11 has a length L1 and an outer diameter D, and can be a cylinder, square column, or polygonal column; specifically, the length L1 of the pile body 11 is generally 2-6m, and the diameter D of the pile body 11 is 0.3-0.8m. The pile body 11 can be a precast pile (such as... Figure 2A-2C , Figures 3A-3B , Figure 4-12 , Figure 14A , Figure 15A , Figures 16A-16B , Figure 17A , Figure 18A , Figure 19-25 It can also be a cast-in-place concrete pile (such as...) Figure 1 , Figure 2D , Figure 26C-26D The pile body 11 is embedded in the stratum 3. The pile body 11 is not directly connected to the external connecting member 4 as a whole; instead, it is connected to the external connecting member 4 by a tie rod 12, which transmits tensile force between the external connecting member 4 and the pile body 11. The empty pile 2 between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35 is the pile hole cavity 21. The empty pile 2 is formed by not filling it after pile driving, and its height is H1. The empty pile 2 can be filled later. Figure 1 , Figure 2A The empty pile 2 shown is the pile hole cavity 21, which is most effective in solving the problem of soil displacement during pile driving.

[0085] Optionally, see Figure 2B , Figures 3A-3B The pile hole cavity 21 is filled with backfill soil 22 formed by artificial backfill material. After pile driving, soil is poured into the pile hole cavity 21 to form backfill soil 22 (artificial backfill). Backfill soil 22 can be plain fill or miscellaneous fill or other soil materials with no engineering strength. Backfill soil 22 is unconsolidated soil with no engineering strength and cannot bear force; it only serves to fill the pile hole cavity 21. However, backfill soil 22 will gradually and naturally consolidate, becoming integrated with the original soil of the pile hole 32 near the upper end of the pile body 11, which can enhance the embedment effect of the pile body 11 within the stratum 3. According to the applicant's theoretical research and experiments, after the backfill soil 22 has a certain degree of consolidation, when it reaches the ultimate state, the fracture surface of the soil will develop obliquely outward, rather than vertically upward along the pile side as in existing pull-out piles. The pull-out bearing capacity of the pile body 11 is actually higher than that of existing pull-out piles.

[0086] Optionally, see Figure 2CThe self-falling soil body 23 (self-falling fill) is formed by the self-falling soil filling the hole cavity 21 caused by the shrinkage and / or collapse of the soil layer on the hole wall. When the soil of stratum 3 is a fluid plastic silt and loose sand layer, after pile driving, a hole cavity 21 is formed in the pile hole 32 above the pile body 11. If no wall protection measures are taken for the hole cavity 21, the soil on the hole wall of the hole cavity 21 will shrink and / or collapse into the hole cavity 21. In particular, when the construction of adjacent piles exerts a squeezing effect on the soil, the soil on the hole wall of the hole cavity 21 will shrink and / or collapse quickly, and the hole cavity 21 will close quickly. By utilizing the vibration and squeezing action of subsequent adjacent pile driving, the soil in the pile hole cavity 21 shrinks or / and collapses to backfill the pile hole cavity 21. This not only saves the work of manual backfilling, but also solves or alleviates the problem of soil squeezing during pile driving. Moreover, after the self-fallen soil 23 is reconsolidated, the pull-out bearing capacity of the pile body 11 can be higher than that of pull-out piles in the existing technology.

[0087] Regardless of whether the empty pile 2 is the pile hole cavity 21, backfill soil 22, or retracted and / or collapsed self-falling soil 23, the external connecting member 4 or its cushion layer will not directly transmit the settlement pressure to the pile body 11. This is because the empty pile 2 separates the pile body 11 from the external connecting member 4 (when there is a cushion layer under the external connecting member 4, the cushion layer is separated from the pile body 11). When the external connecting member 4 settles downward and exerts pressure on the ground surface 31 of the stratum 3, this pressure will not be directly transmitted to the pile body 11. It can only be transmitted to the pile body 11 through the undisturbed soil around the pile hole 32 wall and the backfill soil 22 or the retracted and / or collapsed self-falling soil 23. Therefore, the pile body 11 will not experience downward displacement relative to the soil around the pile hole 32 wall of the stratum 3, avoiding the unfavorable situation of the pile body 11 repeatedly moving up and down relative to the stratum 3.

[0088] This invention essentially removes the upper half of the existing pull-out pile, creating an empty pile 2. This does not significantly affect the pile's pull-out bearing capacity; instead, it saves a large amount of pile body 11, resulting in high economic value and a substantial improvement in the mechanical efficiency of the pile body 11. By connecting the pile body 11 with the tie rod 12, a shorter section of the pile body 11 is buried at a deeper underground location. Utilizing the high lateral friction strength between the deeper soil stratum 3 and the pile body 11, a greater pull-out bearing capacity is achieved, significantly reducing the amount of pile body 11 work and demonstrating good economic efficiency.

[0089] Optionally, the length of the empty pile 2 is greater than half the length of the pile body 11, that is, the length H1 of the empty pile 2 is greater than half the length L1 of the pile body 11, and H1 > 0.5L1. When H1 > 0.5L1, it can be ensured that the compression distance of the empty pile 2 is large enough, so that even if the external connecting member 4 experiences large settlement, the pressure will not be directly transmitted to the pile body 11.

[0090] Optionally, the length of the empty pile 2 is greater than 5 times the outer diameter of the pile body 11, that is, the length H1 of the empty pile 2 is greater than 5 times the outer diameter D of the pile body 11, H1 > 5D. When H1 > 5D, the length of the empty pile 2 can ensure that after it is filled, the filling soil has sufficient consolidation height, ensuring the consolidation effect between the filling soil and the surrounding undisturbed soil, so that the pile body 11 can have good embedment, thereby obtaining a larger uplift bearing capacity that can exceed that of existing technology uplift piles.

[0091] Optionally, the tension pile also includes a protective sleeve for protecting the upper end of the tie bar 12. The protective sleeve is axially fitted onto the outer circumference of the upper end of the tie bar 12 and extends upward into the outer connecting member 4. Alternatively, see Figures 3A-3B The pull-out pile also includes a protective cylinder assembly 123 for protecting the upper end of the tie bar 12. The protective cylinder assembly 123 includes: a protective cylinder axially fitted onto the outer circumference of the upper end of the tie bar 12 and extending upward into the outer connecting member 4; a sealing material 1232 sealed to the lower opening end of the protective cylinder; and an anti-corrosion material 1231 sealed and filled inside the protective cylinder. In this optional embodiment, Figure 3A The tie rod 12 in the middle is a steel bar. Figure 3B The tie rod 12 in the middle consists of multiple steel strands; see further details. Figures 3A-3B At the junction where the tie bar 12 extends into the outer connecting member 4, a protective sleeve assembly 123 is fitted. The upper end of the protective sleeve assembly 123 is located inside the outer connecting member 4, and the lower end is located outside the bottom surface of the outer connecting member 4. In this invention, the anti-tension pile has a protective sleeve assembly 123 at the upper end of the tie bar 12, so that the tie bar 12 located in the area where the outer connecting member 4 meets the stratum 3 is surrounded by the protective sleeve assembly 123. No matter how the tie bar 12 shifts under stress, the tie bar 12 in this area is always protected by the protective sleeve assembly 123 and isolated from groundwater and soil, preventing groundwater erosion of the tie bar 12. The protective sleeve assembly 123 at the junction where the tie bar 12 extends into the outer connecting member 4 solves the problems of deformation coordination between the tie bar 12 and the outer connecting member 4, as well as the corrosion prevention of the tie bar 12, making it much more economical than traditional anti-tension piles that require a dedicated pile cap.

[0092] In this optional solution, see Figure 2D In a specific embodiment of the anti-uplift pile of the present invention, when the empty pile 2 is a pile hole cavity 21, a water filter pipe 24 is also provided inside the pile hole cavity 21. The diameter of the water filter pipe 24 is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the pile hole cavity 21, and it is inserted into the pile hole cavity 21. The water filter pipe 24 has a water-permeable pipe wall. The water filter pipe 24 can be a steel cage covered with wire mesh or gauze, or a steel pipe with water-permeable holes in the pipe wall, or a sand pipe with a water-permeable pipe wall. The length of the water filter pipe 24 can be directly inserted to the top surface of the pile body 11 according to the design requirements, or the water filter pipe 24 can be inserted after backfilling part of the soil on the top surface of the pile body 11 (see...). Figure 2DThe filter pipe 24 is inserted into the pile hole cavity 21 to support the hole wall. Sand and gravel can be filled between the filter pipe 24 and the hole wall if necessary. The permeability of the filter pipe 24 can also be used to make the pile hole cavity 21 a pumping well. During construction, a water pump 34 is installed on the ground surface 31 of the stratum 3 to extract groundwater from the pile hole cavity 21 through the pumping pipe 33 to lower the groundwater level and facilitate construction. During the operation of the pull-out pile, groundwater is extracted from the pile hole cavity 21 through the pumping pipe 33 to lower the groundwater level and reduce the buoyancy of the external tension member 4. When the diameter of the filter pipe 24 is small, it can also be buried in… Figure 2B , Figure 2C The backfill soil 22 or the retracted and / or collapsed free-falling soil 23 is used for extracting groundwater (not shown).

[0093] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 The present invention also provides a pile structure 1 for the above-mentioned tension pile, comprising: a pile body 11 and a tie bar 12, one end of which extends axially into the pile body 11 and is connected to the pile body 11. The length of the exposed section of the tie bar 12 outside the pile body 11 is greater than 60 times the diameter of the tie bar 12. In this optional embodiment, the pile body 11 can be a precast concrete pile or steel pile outside the pile hole 32; the diameter of the tie bar 12 refers to the diameter of a single bar in the steel bar or steel strand used as the tie bar 12; the length L2 of the exposed section of the tie bar 12 outside the pile body 11 is greater than 60 times the diameter of the tie bar 12, which can ensure that when the upper end of the tie bar 12 is subjected to the settlement pressure of the external connecting member 4, the tie bar 12 is prone to bending, so that the axial pressure that can be transmitted is very small, or even negligible, so as to ensure that the pressure of the external connecting member 4 is not transmitted to the pile body 11.

[0094] Optionally, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the pile structure 1 also includes a sleeve 121 fitted onto the outer circumference of the exposed section of the tie bar 12. The sleeve 121 is filled with a lubricating material 1211. In this optional embodiment, the sleeve 121 isolates the tie bar 12 from the empty pile 2, and the lubricating material 1211 allows the tie bar 12 to freely expand and contract under stress, thereby avoiding or reducing the influence of the empty pile 2 on the tensile force transmission between the pile body 11 and the external connecting member 4.

[0095] Optionally, such as Figures 7A-7D and Figure 8 As shown, the pile structure 1 of the present invention also includes a pile shoe 14, which has a cavity for accommodating the components surrounding the bottom of the pile body 11.

[0096] In this optional solution, the first embodiment of the pile shoe 14 is described in [reference needed]. Figure 7A , Figure 7C , Figure 7D and Figure 8The pile shoe 14 includes a conical cylinder 141 and a cylindrical cylinder 142. The upper end of the cylindrical cylinder 142 is open, and its lower end is connected to the upper end (large end) of the conical cylinder 141. The lower end of the conical cylinder 141 is pointed, and the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder 142 is provided with internal threads. The lower end of the pile body 11 is provided with external threads. The pile shoe 14 is connected to the lower end of the pile body 11 by the internal threads of the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder 142, so that the pile shoe 14 is fixed to the bottom end of the pile body 11.

[0097] In this optional solution, the second embodiment of the pile shoe 14 is described below. Figure 7B Alternatively, the pile shoe 14 can be a cone 141. An mounting ring 144 extends radially outward from the edge of the large end of the cone 141. Bolts 145 pass through through holes in the mounting ring 144 to fix the pile shoe 14 to the bottom end of the pile body 11. The pile shoe 14 can cover the bottom of the pile body 11, accommodate components surrounding the bottom of the pile body 11, protect the bottom components from damage, and also help reduce resistance during pile driving.

[0098] Optionally, see Figure 5 The pile structure 1 also includes a material conveying pipe 124 and / or a grouting pipe 125 arranged parallel to the exposed section of the tie bar 12. The material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are respectively connected to the exposed section of the tie bar 12. In this optional scheme, the lower ends of the material conveying pipe 124 and the grouting pipe 125 extend into the vicinity of the top surface of the pile body 11, and the upper ends protrude beyond the pile hole opening 35. The material conveying pipe 124 is used to convey dry materials, such as dry plain fill soil or dry miscellaneous fill soil, into the pile hole cavity 21. The grouting pipe 125 is used to convey slurry, such as mud, into the pile hole cavity 21, so that the pile hole cavity 21 is backfill soil 22. After the pull-out pile construction is completed, the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 can be pulled out for reuse.

[0099] Optionally, see Figure 8-12 , Figure 24-25 The pile structure 1 of the present invention also includes an axially arranged hollow pile tube 16, the lower end of which is detachably connected to the top of the pile body 11 through an adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 provided at the top of the pile body 11. A tie rod 12, or a tie rod 12 and a material conveying pipe 124 and / or a grouting pipe 125, is axially inserted into the hollow pile tube 16. In this optional embodiment, since the lower end of the hollow pile tube 16 is detachably connected to the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 provided at the top of the pile body 11, the hollow pile tube 16 transmits the driving force to the pile body 11 during pile driving. After pile driving, the hollow pile tube 16 can be detached from the pile body 11 for extraction from the stratum 3.

[0100] The hollow pile pipe 16 can be a straight steel pipe, or it can be installed at the lower end of the hollow pile pipe 16. Figure 11 , 13AAs shown in -13B, there is a flange 161 and at least two ribs 162. The outer diameter of the flange 161 is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the pile body 11. The ribs 162 are triangular plates with two right-angled sides, which are welded to the surface of the flange 161 and the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the empty pile tube 16, respectively. By using the flange 161, the empty pile tube 16 can apply force more evenly to the pile body 11, avoiding damage to the top of the pile body 11 during pile driving.

[0101] The specific method by which the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is detachably connected to the top of the pile body 11 through the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 provided at the top of the pile body 11 is as follows: the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is inserted into the adapter hole 112 at the top of the pile body 11 and presses against the bottom of the adapter hole 112; or, an internal thread is provided in the wall of the adapter hole 112, and the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is threadedly connected to the adapter hole 112; or, an adapter 114 is provided at the top of the pile body 11, and the empty pile tube 16 is threadedly connected to the adapter 114; or, the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is detachably snapped into the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114.

[0102] See Figure 6A , Figures 7A-7B , Figure 8 The adapter hole 112 is formed by a downward recess from the top of the pile body 11. A steel plate 113 is installed at the bottom of the adapter hole 112, and the steel plate 113 is embedded in the bottom of the adapter hole 112. A through hole 1131 is opened in the center of the steel plate 113 so that the tie rod 12 can pass through the through hole 1131 in the center of the steel plate 113. During pile driving, the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is inserted into the adapter hole 112, and the bottom abuts against the steel plate 113. The steel plate 113 bears the pile driving force transmitted by the lower end of the empty pile tube 16, avoiding damage to the concrete of the pile body 11. After the empty pile tube 16 drives the pile body 11 into the stratum 3, pulling the empty pile tube 16 upward can detach the empty pile tube 16 from the pile body 11 and pull it out of the stratum 3.

[0103] See Figure 6A , Figure 24 The wall of the adapter hole 112 is provided with an internal thread 1121, and the outer wall of the lower end of the empty pile pipe 16 is provided with an external thread 1611 (see...). Figure 24 The lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is threadedly connected to the adapter hole 112. The adapter hole 112 can be provided with internal threads 1121 by pre-embedding a steel cylinder with internal threads 1121 in the adapter hole 112 during pile body 11 fabrication, or by using a threaded mold to pour concrete into the pile body 11 to form internal threads 1121 on its inner wall. During pile driving, the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is screwed into the adapter hole 112, threadedly connected to it, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be detachably connected to the adapter hole 112. The threaded engagement surface of the empty pile tube 16 and the adapter hole 112 bears the driving force transmitted from the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. After the pile body 11 is driven into the stratum 3, rotating the empty pile tube 16 in the opposite direction allows it to detach from the pile body 11 and be pulled out of the stratum 3.

[0104] See Figures 6B-6C , Figure 9-12 The adapter 114 consists of a support plate 1141 and an adapter cylinder 1142. The support plate 1141 and the adapter cylinder 1142 are perpendicular to each other and are integral. The adapter 114 is installed at the top of the pile 11 in two ways: firstly, the adapter cylinder 1142 is inserted downwards into the central channel 111 of the pile 11, and the support plate 1141 is fixed to the top of the pile 11. See also... Figure 9 This type of adapter cylinder 1142 has an internal thread 11421 on its inner wall, and the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 has an external thread 1611, which is threaded to the internal thread 11421 on the inner wall of the adapter cylinder 1142, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be detachably connected to the adapter 114. At this time, the flange 161 of the empty pile tube 16 presses against the support plate 1141, and the support plate 1141 bears the driving force transmitted from the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. After driving, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated in the opposite direction to disengage it from the adapter 114, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be pulled out. Alternatively, see [link to other documentation]. Figure 11 Alternatively, a retaining ring 1143 can be provided at the lower end of the inner wall of the adapter cylinder 1142, and a first protrusion 163 can be provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. The lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is inserted into the adapter cylinder 1142, and the empty pile tube 16 is rotated at a certain angle so that the first protrusion 163 is positioned below and aligned with the retaining ring 1143, allowing the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 to be detachably engaged with the adapter 114. During pile driving, the wing plate 161 at the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 presses against the support plate 1141, and the support plate 1141 bears the pile driving force transmitted from the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. After pile driving is completed, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated so that the first protrusion 163 disengages from the retaining ring 1143 and aligns with the position, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be pulled out. Secondly, the support plate 1141 is fixed to the top of the pile body 11, and the adapter cylinder 1142 is positioned upwards, outside the central channel 111 of the pile body 11. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 10 This type of adapter sleeve 1142 has an external thread 11422 on its outer surface, and an internal thread 1612 on the inner wall of its lower end, which is threaded to the external thread 11422 on the outer surface of the adapter sleeve 1142, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be detachably connected to the adapter 114. During piling, the flange 161 of the empty pile tube 16 presses against the support plate 1141, and the support plate 1141 bears the piling force transmitted from the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. After piling is completed, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated in the opposite direction to disengage it from the adapter 114, allowing the empty pile tube 16 to be pulled out. See also Figure 12A second protrusion 1144 can be provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the adapter cylinder 1142, and a latch 164 can be provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. The lower end of the empty pile tube 16 is fitted onto the adapter cylinder 1142, and rotated at a certain angle so that the latch 164 is positioned below and aligned with the second protrusion 1144, allowing the empty pile tube 16 and adapter 114 to be detachably latched. During pile driving, the lower end of the empty pile tube 16 presses against the support plate 1141, which bears the driving force transmitted from the lower end of the empty pile tube 16. After pile driving is completed, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated to disengage the latch 164 from the second protrusion 1144, and pulling the empty pile tube 16 upwards allows it to detach from the pile body 11 and be pulled out of the stratum 3.

[0105] The present invention also provides a specific embodiment of the pile body 11 for the aforementioned pile structure 1. See [link to embodiment]. Figure 1-12 , Figure 14A , Figure 15A , Figure 16A , Figure 17A , Figure 18A , Figure 19-21 , Figure 24-25 , Figure 26C-26D The pile body 11 adopts a column structure, which can be a cylindrical column or a square column. Figure 15A A central channel 111 is provided axially for the insertion of the tie rod 12 (see...). Figures 6A-7D The pile body 11 can be a concrete pile. An adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 can be provided at the top of the pile body 11, and a pile base plate 1191 can be provided at the bottom for connection with the bottom component (see...). Figures 6B-6C , Figure 14A , Figure 15A , Figure 19-21 Alternatively, it may be a steel pipe 1193, with a pile base plate 1191 at the bottom and an adapter 114 connected to the top of the steel pipe (see...). Figure 7C The pile body 11 may also include a pile top plate 1192, a pile bottom plate 1191, and at least three columns 1194. The pile top plate 1192 is welded to the top of each column 1194, and the pile bottom plate 1191 is welded to the bottom of each column 1194, forming the pile body 11. The top of the column 1194 is connected to the top plate 1192, and the top plate 1192 is connected to the adapter 114 (see...). Figure 7D ).

[0106] See Figure 6A , 7A -7B, In an embodiment of the pile body 11 of the present invention, a connector 116 is provided at the bottom end of the pile body 11. The connector 116 can be the screw in a bolt. One end of the connector 116 is pre-embedded in the pile body 11, or it is fixedly connected to the pile body 11 by welding or other means. The end of the screw with external thread extends outward and exposes a certain length, serving as a component for connecting with the pile body 11 when installing and fixing the tie rod 12.

[0107] See Figure 14A-15B , Figure 19-21 The present invention also provides a base 13 for connecting the pile body 11 and the tie rod 12 in the above-mentioned tension pile and pile structure 1. The base 13 includes an upper plate 131 and a lower plate 133 arranged at intervals, and a connecting pipe 132 connecting the upper plate 131 and the lower plate 133. The upper plate 131 is fixed to the bottom end of the pile body 11, and the connecting pipe 132 is used for the tie rod 12 to pass through. Since the pile body 11 is generally mass-produced in the factory after several modules are determined, in order to adapt to the ever-changing specific requirements in actual engineering, the present invention adopts the base 13 to connect with the pile body 11, which solves the contradiction between large-scale prefabrication in the factory and the needs of various construction sites, improves the versatility of the pile body 11, and can achieve the best overall technical effect.

[0108] See Figure 7A-8 , Figure 16A-21 The present invention also provides a fastening assembly 15 for connecting the pile body 11 and the tie bar 12 in the above-mentioned tension pile and pile structure 1, comprising: a connecting plate 152 and a fixing member 151. The connecting plate 152 is disposed at the bottom end of the pile body 11, or at the bottom end of the base 13 as described above, and the connecting plate 152 has an installation hole 1521 for the tie bar 12 to pass through. The connecting plate 152 or the fixing member 151 is connected to the pile body 11, or the connecting plate 152 or the fixing member 151 is connected to the lower plate 133 of the base 13 as described above. The fixing member 151 is used to fix the lower end of the tie bar 12 to the connecting plate 152 after the tie bar 12 passes through the installation hole 1521.

[0109] Optionally, for a first embodiment of the fastening assembly 15, see [link to previous document]. Figures 16A-16C , Figure 19The mounting hole 1521 is a tapered hole with an inner diameter that gradually decreases from bottom to top. The fixing member 151 includes a pressure plate 1512 located below the connecting plate 152, and a cone 1511 corresponding to the tapered hole and capable of retracting inward under force. The cone 1511 is used to squeeze into the gap between the tie rod 12 and the tapered hole from bottom to top, so as to retract inward and clamp the tie rod 12 under the action of the tapered hole during the upward squeezing process. The pressure plate 1512 is connected to the bottom end of the pile body 11 or the base 13 as described above, so as to prevent the cone 1511 from falling out of the tapered hole. In this optional embodiment, the cone 1511 is formed by wedge-shaped blocks arranged sequentially along the circumference, with a thinner upper end and a thicker lower end. Two to four cones 1511 can be used, and the tie rod 12 can be a steel bar or a steel strand. After the tie rod 12 is inserted into the mounting hole 1521, the upper end of the cone 1511 is inserted from the bottom end of the connecting plate 152 into the gap between the tie rod 12 and the mounting hole 1521, and is spliced ​​around the tie rod 12. The oblique pressing force of the wedge-shaped structure of the cone 1511 wedges the tie rod 12 tightly and fixes it to the inner wall of the mounting hole 1521, thus fixing the tie rod 12 to the connecting plate 152. To prevent the cone 1511 from shifting downwards during the insertion of the pile 11, causing the tie rod 12 to loosen from the connecting plate 152, the lower end of the cone 1511 protrudes outside the mounting hole 1521 when it is inserted. Simultaneously, a pressure plate 1512 is placed below the bottom end of the connecting plate 152 to press against the cone 1511. The pressure plate 1512 has a corresponding through hole (not marked) for the tie rod 12 to pass through. Its position corresponds to the mounting hole 1521, and their axes are collinear. When the pressure plate 1512 abuts against the bottom end of the cone 1511 exposed outside the mounting hole 1521, the pressure plate 1512 connects to the connector 116 on the pile body 11 and is fixed by the locking nut 153. This ensures that the pressure plate 1512 remains firmly pressed against the cone 1511 while connected to the pile body 11. Thus, even when the connecting plate 152 is subjected to a downward force, the cone 1511 can always wed the tie rod 12 tightly onto the connecting plate 152 without loosening. Simultaneously, the connection between the pressure plate 1512 and the pile body 11 ensures that the tie rod 12 is stably and reliably installed and fixed on the pile body 11. (See also...) Figure 19 When the base 13 serves as an intermediate connecting member to fix the tie rod 12 of the fixed assembly 15 on the pile body 11, the upper plate 131 on the base 13 is connected to the pile body 11 through the pile bottom member 119, and the pressure plate 1512 is connected to the lower plate 133 through the screw 134 on the lower plate 133 of the base 13 to press the lower end of the cone 1511 against the pile body 11.

[0110] Alternatively, a second embodiment of the fastening assembly 15 is described below. Figures 17A-17B , Figure 20The fastener 151 includes a pressure plate 1512 located below the connecting plate 152 and a locking head 1513 fixed to the outer circle of the lower end of the tie rod 12. The pressure plate 1512 is connected to the bottom end of the pile body 11 or the base 13 as described above. The locking head 1513 is located between the connecting plate 152 and the pressure plate 1512 to press the connecting plate 152 against the force of the tie rod 12. In this optional embodiment, the locking head 1513 is pre-fixed to the lower end of the tie rod 12 by a pressing tool, and the outer diameter of the locking head 1513 is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole 1521. The pressure plate 1512 is located below the connecting plate 152 and has a mounting hole for the tie rod 12 to pass through and a through hole (not labeled) for the connector 116 (screw) to pass through in the axial direction. During installation, the end of the tie rod 12 without the locking head 1513 is first passed through the mounting hole 1521 on the connecting plate 152, and then through the central channel 111 of the pile body 11. The connecting plate 152 is then pressed tightly against the bottom surface of the pile body 11, the top of the locking head 1513 is pressed against the bottom surface of the connecting plate 152, and the pressure plate 1512 abuts against the bottom end of the locking head 1513, clamping the locking head 1513 between the connecting plate 152 and the pressure plate 1512. The connecting piece 116 at the bottom end of the pile body 11 passes through the through hole on the pressure plate 1512 and is fixed by the locking nut 153, thus connecting the pressure plate 1512 to the pile body 11 and positioning it at the bottom end of the locking head 1513, thereby installing and fixing the tie rod 12 (steel bar or steel strand) onto the pile body 11. See also Figure 20 When the base 13 serves as an intermediate connecting member to fix the tie rod 12 of the fixing assembly 15 on the pile body 11, the upper plate 131 on the base 13 is connected to the pile body 11 through the pile bottom member 119, and the pressure plate 1512 is connected to the lower plate 133 through the screw 134 on the lower plate 133 of the base 13 to press the clamping head 1513 against the connecting plate 152.

[0111] Alternatively, a third embodiment of the fastening assembly 15 is described below. Figures 18A-18B , Figure 21 The fixing component 151 is a fixing nut 1514, which is fixed to the connecting plate 152. The lower end of the tie rod 12 is threadedly connected to the fixing nut 1514. In this optional embodiment, the connecting plate 152 and the fixing nut 1514 are integrally cast or welded. The fixing nut 1514 has an inner hole 15141 at its center, which mates with the mounting hole 1521. The inner hole 15141 has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the tie rod 12. The fixing nut 1514 screws onto the lower end of the tie rod 12, thus threading the tie rod 12 onto the fixing nut 1514 and locking the tie rod 12 onto the fixing nut 1514. The connecting component 116 at the bottom of the pile body 11 passes through the corresponding through hole on the connecting plate 152 and is fixed with a locking nut 153, thus fixing the connecting plate 152 to the pile body 11 and installing and fixing the tie rod 12 (reinforcing bar) onto the pile body 11. See also Figure 21When the base 13 serves as an intermediate connecting member to fix the tie rod 12 of the fixed assembly 15 on the pile body 11, the upper plate 131 on the base 13 is connected to the pile body 11 through the pile bottom member 119, and the connecting plate 152 is connected to the lower plate 133 through the screw 134 on the lower plate 133 of the base 13.

[0112] See Figure 22-25 During the construction of the anti-uplift piles of this invention, a high-frequency vibratory hammer can be used for pile driving. Figure 22 ) or hammer driving piles ( Figure 23 The prefabricated pile body 11 is connected to the vibratory hammer 6 or the striking hammer 5 of the pile driver through one end of the empty pile pipe 16, and the other end is inserted into the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 of the pile body 11 for detachable connection. The prefabricated pile body 11 is driven into the designed burial depth H position, and then the soil and / or sand and / or mud are backfilled into the inner cavity 21 of the pile hole after pile driving through the material conveying pipe 124 and / or grouting pipe 125.

[0113] This invention also provides the manufacturing process. Figure 2A-2C The construction method for tension piles in the illustrated embodiment includes the following steps:

[0114] S1: Manufacture a pile 11 with a central channel 111 according to the designed shape and size of the pile 11.

[0115] Specifically, a precast reinforced concrete pile with a length L1 of 3m and a diameter D of 0.8m can be manufactured. The bottom of the pile body 11 has four screw-structured connectors 116 extending downwards, with the threaded end of the screw placed outside the pile body 11.

[0116] S2: Insert the lower section of the tie bar 12 into the central channel 111 of the pile body 11 and connect it to the pile body 11, while exposing the upper section of the tie bar 12 outside the central channel 111.

[0117] The tie rod 12 is made of steel bar or steel strand. When steel bar is used, the diameter of the steel bar is 40mm and the length is 19m. When steel strand is used, it can be composed of 6 strands, with a single strand diameter of 15.2mm and a length of 19m.

[0118] A fixing component 15 is provided at the bottom of the pile body 11. The pile body 11 is connected to the fixing component 15 through the connector 116. Then, the lower section of the tie bar 12 is inserted into the central channel 111 of the pile body 11 and fixed on the fixing component 15, so that the lower end of the tie bar 12 is installed and fixed at the bottom of the pile body 11.

[0119] When the design includes a material conveying pipe 124 and / or a grouting pipe 125, after the lower end of the tie rod 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pile body 11, the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are arranged side by side with the tie rod 12 and installed on the tie rod 12, with the lower end of the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 located above the pile body 11.

[0120] S3: Insert the tie rod 12 into the empty pile pipe 16. When the design includes a material conveying pipe 124 and / or a grouting pipe 125, insert the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 together with the tie rod 12 into the empty pile pipe 16. Detachably connect the lower end of the empty pile pipe 16 to the top of the pile body 11 through the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 provided at the top of the pile body 11. The lower end of the empty pile pipe 16 presses against the pile body 11.

[0121] S4: Use a pile driver to apply force to the upper end of the hollow pile pipe 16 to drive the pile structure 1 into the designed depth position in the stratum 3.

[0122] Specifically, see Figure 22 , Figure 23 The high-frequency vibratory hammer 6 or the impact hammer 5 in the pile driver are used to apply force to the upper end of the empty pile pipe 16 to drive the pile structure 1 into the designed burial depth H1 position; the burial depth of the pile body 11 is H1 = 14m, the length of the empty pile section L2 is 14m, and the length of the tie bar 12 exposed above the pile body 11 is about 16m.

[0123] S5: Remove the empty pile pipe 16 from the pile body 11 to form an empty pile 2 between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35.

[0124] Specifically, after the pile is driven into place, the empty pile tube 16 is removed from the adapter hole 112 or adapter 114 in the pile body 11, and the empty pile tube 16 is pulled out, so that an empty pile 2 is formed between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35. The upper end of the tie rod 12 is located above the pile hole opening 35. The pile hole cavity 21 will be backfilled later as needed.

[0125] See Figure 8 , Figure 25 After the pile is driven into place, the empty pile tube 16 is pulled directly out from the adapter hole 112, forming a pile hole cavity 21 (empty pile 2) above the top surface of the pile body 11; or,

[0126] See Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 24 After the pile is driven into place, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated in the opposite direction, so that the empty pile tube 16 passes through the fitting hole 112. Figure 24 ) or adapter 114 ( Figure 9 , Figure 10 The threaded connection of the pile 11 disengages, forming a pile hole cavity 21 (empty pile 2) between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35, with the upper end of the tie rod 12 located above the pile hole opening 35; or,

[0127] See Figure 11 , Figure 12After the pile is driven into place, the empty pile tube 16 is rotated so that the empty pile tube 16 is disengaged from the adapter 114, and a pile hole cavity 21 (empty pile 2) is formed between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35. The upper end of the tie rod 12 is located above the pile hole opening 35.

[0128] When the empty pile 2 is filled with backfill soil 22, a high-pressure air compressor is used to transport plain fill or miscellaneous fill into the pile hole cavity 21 through the conveying pipe 124, and / or a grouting pump is used to inject slurry into the pile hole cavity 21 through the grouting pipe 125, backfilling the pile hole cavity 21 until the pile hole cavity 21 is filled with backfill soil 22. During backfilling, dry material or slurry can be conveyed while the conveying pipe 124 and the grouting pipe 125 are pulled upwards until they are pulled out of the pile hole 32. This allows the dry material injected through the conveying pipe 124 and the slurry injected through the grouting pipe 125 to mix, resulting in better anchoring of the pile body 11.

[0129] After the above steps are completed, the tie rod 12 is inserted into the external connecting member 4, and then the upper end of the tie rod 12 is fixed in the external connecting member 4 using the first fastener 122.

[0130] The present invention also provides Figure 1 The construction method of the tension pile in embodiment 1 of the pile structure shown includes the following steps:

[0131] T1: Drill holes 32 in stratum 3 according to the designed diameter and depth of pile body 11. See details... Figure 26A According to the designed pile body 11 diameter D and length L1 and the set burial depth H1, a pile hole 32 is formed in the stratum 3, and the depth of the pile hole 32 is H.

[0132] T2: Connect the lower end of the tie bar 12 to the reinforcing cage 101, and place the reinforcing cage 101 together with the tie bar 12 at the bottom of the pile hole 32, with the upper end of the tie bar 12 above the pile hole opening 35; for details, see Figure 26B At the construction site, the lower end of the tie bar 12 is connected to the prefabricated steel cage 101 using the second fastener 126, fixing the lower end of the tie bar 12 to the steel cage 101. Then, the steel cage 101, together with the tie bar 12, is placed at the bottom of the pile hole 32, with the upper end of the tie bar 12 extending out of the pile hole 32 and positioned above the pile hole opening 35. Or

[0133] Connect the lower end of the tie bar 12 to the reinforcing cage 101. Arrange the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 alongside the tie bar 12 and install them at the designed position of the tie bar 12. Then, place the reinforcing cage 101 together with the tie bar 12 at the bottom of the pile hole 32. The material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 enter the pile hole 32 together, so that the upper ends of the tie bar 12 and the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are above the pile hole opening 35. Specifically, at the construction site, connect the lower end of the tie bar 12 to the reinforcing cage 101 through the lower second fastener 126. The lower end of the tie bar 12 is fixed to the reinforcing cage 101. The material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are arranged side by side with the tie bar 12 and installed at the designed position of the tie bar 12. Then, the reinforcing cage 101 together with the tie bar 12 is placed at the bottom of the pile hole 32. The material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 enter the pile hole 32 together. The upper ends of the tie bar 12, the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 extend out of the pile hole 32, so that the upper ends of the tie bar 12 and the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are above the pile hole opening 35.

[0134] T3: Pour concrete 102 into the pile hole 32 to form a pile body 11 with a diameter, length, and embedment depth that meet the design requirements, so that a hollow pile 2 is formed between the top surface of the pile body 11 and the pile hole opening 35; for details, see Figure 26C Concrete 102 is poured into the pile hole 32 to form a reinforced concrete pile 11 with a diameter D, length L1 and burial depth H1. The area between the top surface of the pile 11 and the pile hole opening 35 is the pile hole cavity 21. The excess mud and soil generated during drilling can be backfilled into the pile hole cavity 21 to reduce the amount of waste.

[0135] See Figure 26D When the designed empty pile 2 is backfill soil 22, a high-pressure air compressor can be used to transport dry material into the pile hole cavity 21 through the material conveying pipe 124, or / and a grouting pump can be used to inject mud into the pile hole cavity 21 through the grouting pipe 125, so that the pile hole cavity 21 is filled with backfill soil 22. During the conveying process, the material conveying pipe 124 and / or the grouting pipe 125 are pulled upwards until they are completely removed. After the above steps are completed, the tie rod 12 is inserted into the external connecting member 4, and then the upper end of the tie rod 12 is fixed in the external connecting member 4 with the first fastener 122.

[0136] The above construction method is simple and easy to implement, convenient for on-site construction, and reduces construction costs.

[0137] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of anti-tension pile, characterized in that, include: A pile hole (32) is formed by extending concavely from the ground surface (31) into the stratum (3), and a pile structure (1) is arranged in the pile hole (32) along the axial direction of the pile hole (32). The pile structure (1) includes a pile body (11) and a tie bar (12). The pile body (11) is a structure made of reinforced concrete and / or steel structure, and the pile body (11) is embedded in the lower end of the pile hole (32). The lower end of the tie bar (12) is connected to the pile body (11), and the upper end of the tie bar (12) is located above the pile hole opening (35) of the pile hole (32) for connecting external connecting components (4). The area between the top surface of the pile body (11) and the opening (35) of the pile hole is an empty pile (2) without a pile body in the pile hole (32). The empty pile (2) is the pile hole cavity (21), or the empty pile (2) is the backfill soil (22) in the pile hole cavity (21), or the empty pile (2) is the soil that has shrunk or / and collapsed from the hole wall soil layer of the pile hole cavity (21) (23).

2. The anti-tension pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the empty pile (2) is greater than half the length of the pile body (11), and / or the length of the empty pile (2) is greater than 5 times the outer diameter of the pile body (11).

3. The anti-tension pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-uplift pile also includes a protective sleeve for protecting the upper end of the tie bar (12), the protective sleeve being axially fitted onto the outer circle of the upper end of the tie bar (12) and extending upward into the outer connecting member (4); or The pull-out pile also includes a protective cylinder assembly (123) for protecting the upper end of the tie bar (12). The protective cylinder assembly (123) includes: a protective cylinder that is axially fitted onto the outer circle of the upper end of the tie bar (12) and extends upward into the outer connecting member (4); a sealant (1232) that is sealed to the lower opening end of the protective cylinder; and an anti-corrosion material (1231) that is filled inside the protective cylinder.

4. The anti-tension pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pull-out pile also includes a filter pipe (24) inserted axially into the empty pile (2), the filter pipe (24) having a water-permeable pipe wall.

5. The anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: One end of the tie rod (12) extends axially into the pile body (11) and is connected to the pile body (11); The length of the exposed section of the tie bar (12) on the pile body (11) is greater than 60 times the diameter of the tie bar (12).

6. The anti-tension pile according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pile structure (1) also includes a sleeve (121) fitted on the outer circle of the exposed section of the tie bar (12). The sleeve (121) is filled with lubricating material (1211).

7. The anti-tension pile according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pile structure (1) also includes a pile shoe (14) having a cavity for accommodating a component surrounding the bottom of the pile body (11).

8. The anti-tension pile according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pile structure (1) also includes a material conveying pipe (124) and / or a grouting pipe (125) arranged in parallel with the exposed section of the tie bar (12), wherein the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) are respectively connected to the exposed section of the tie bar (12).

9. The anti-tension pile according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pile structure (1) also includes an axially arranged hollow pile tube (16), the lower end of which is detachably connected to the top of the pile body (11) through an adapter hole (112) or adapter (114) provided at the top of the pile body (11). The tie rod (12), or the tie rod (12) and the material conveying pipe (124) or / and the grouting pipe (125) are axially inserted into the empty pile pipe (16).

10. The anti-tension pile according to claim 9, characterized in that, The hollow pile tube (16) is in the shape of a hollow tube; or The hollow pile tube (16) includes a hollow tubular hollow pile tube body, a wing plate (161) vertically fitted on the outer circle of the lower end of the hollow pile tube body, and rib plates (162) arranged sequentially along the circumference and connected between the outer circle of the hollow pile tube body and the wing plate (161). The tie rod (12), or the tie rod (12) and the material conveying pipe (124) or / and the grouting pipe (125) are axially inserted into the hollow pile pipe body.

11. The anti-tension pile according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lower end of the empty pile pipe (16) is inserted into the adapter hole (112) and abuts against the bottom of the adapter hole (112); or The lower end of the empty pile pipe (16) is threadedly connected to the adapter hole (112) or the adapter (114); or The lower end of the empty pile tube (16) can be detachably snapped into the adapter hole (112) or the adapter (114).

12. The anti-tension pile according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pile body (11) is provided with a central channel (111) for the tie bar (12) to pass through axially. The top of the pile body (11) is provided with a recessed adapter hole (112) or connected to an adapter (114) for detachable connection to the empty pile tube (16).

13. The anti-tension pile according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pile body (11) is a reinforced concrete pile; or The pile body (11) is a steel pipe, and the bottom of the steel pipe is provided with a pile base plate (1191); or The pile body (11) includes a pile top plate (1192), a pile bottom plate (1191) and at least three columns (1194). The pile top plate (1192) is welded to the top of each of the columns (1194), and the pile bottom plate (1191) is welded to the bottom of each of the columns (1194).

14. The anti-tension pile according to claim 12, characterized in that, The bottom of the adapter hole (112) is provided with a steel plate (113) for abutting the bottom end of the empty pile pipe (16); or The adapter hole (112) has an internal thread on its wall for threaded connection with the external thread of the empty pile pipe (16); or The adapter hole (112) has a retaining ring (1143) on its wall, which is used to detachably engage with the first protrusion (163) on the lower outer wall of the empty pile pipe (16).

15. The anti-tension pile according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adapter (114) consists of a support plate (1141) and an adapter sleeve (1142). The adapter sleeve (1142) is perpendicular to the support plate (1141) and is an integral part thereof. The adapter sleeve (1142) is located inside the central channel (111). The inner wall of the adapter sleeve (1142) is provided with an internal thread for threaded connection with the external thread provided at the lower end of the empty pile pipe (16); or The lower end of the inner wall of the adapter tube (1142) is provided with a retaining ring (1143) for detachably engaging with the first protrusion (163) provided on the lower outer wall of the empty pile tube (16).

16. The anti-tension pile according to claim 12, characterized in that, The adapter (114) consists of a support plate (1141) and an adapter sleeve (1142). The adapter sleeve (1142) is perpendicular to the support plate (1141) and is an integral part thereof. The adapter sleeve (1142) is located outside the central channel (111). The outer wall of the adapter sleeve (1142) is provided with external threads for threaded connection with the internal threads provided at the lower end of the empty pile pipe (16); or The adapter tube (1142) has a second protrusion (1144) on the outer wall of its lower end, which is used to engage with the ear (164) on the inner wall of the lower end of the empty pile tube (16).

17. A base for connecting the tie rod in the tension pile according to any one of claims 1-4 or the tie rod in the tension pile according to any one of claims 6-11 to the pile body in the tension pile according to any one of claims 1-4 or the pile body in the tension pile according to any one of claims 6-11 or the pile body in the tension pile according to any one of claims 12-16, characterized in that, The base (13) includes an upper plate (131) and a lower plate (133) arranged at a distance from each other, and a connecting pipe (132) connecting the upper plate (131) and the lower plate (133). The upper plate (131) is fixed to the bottom end of the pile body (11), and the connecting pipe (132) is used for the tie rod (12) to pass through.

18. A fastening assembly for connecting the tie rod in an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 1-4 or the tie rod in an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 6-11 to the pile body in an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 1-4 or the pile body in an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 6-11 or the pile body in an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 12-16, characterized in that, include: Connecting plate (152) and fastener (151); The connecting plate (152) is used to be disposed at the bottom end of the pile body (11) or the bottom end of the base (13) as described in claim 17, and the connecting plate (152) is provided with an installation hole (1521) for the tie rod (12) to pass through. The connecting plate (152) or the fixing member (151) is connected to the pile body (11), or the connecting plate (152) or the fixing member (151) is connected to the lower plate (133) of the base (13); The fastener (151) is used to fix the lower end of the tie rod (12) to the connecting plate (152) after the tie rod (12) is inserted into the mounting hole (1521).

19. The fastening assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that, The mounting hole (1521) is a tapered hole whose inner diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top; The fastener (151) includes a pressure plate (1512) located below the connecting plate (152) and a cone (1511) corresponding to the tapered hole and capable of retracting inward under force. The cone (1511) is used to squeeze into the gap between the tie (12) and the conical hole from bottom to top, so as to clamp the tie (12) inward under the action of the conical hole during the upward squeezing process. The pressure plate (1512) is connected to the bottom end of the pile body (11) or the base (13) as described in claim 17 to prevent the cone (1511) from falling out of the conical hole.

20. The fastening assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that, The fastener (151) includes a pressure plate (1512) located below the connecting plate (152) and a locking head (1513) fixed to the outer circle of the lower end of the tie rod (12). The pressure plate (1512) is connected to the bottom end of the pile body (11) or the base (13) as described in claim 17; The locking head (1513) is located between the connecting plate (152) and the pressure plate (1512) to press against the connecting plate (152) under the force of the tie rod (12).

21. The fastening assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that, The fastener (151) is a fixing nut (1514), which is fixed to the connecting plate (152), and the lower end of the tie rod (12) is threaded to the fixing nut (1514).

22. A construction method for an anti-tension pile according to any one of claims 6-11, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The pile (11) with a central channel (111) is manufactured according to the designed shape and size of the pile (11). S2: Insert the lower section of the tie rod (12) into the central channel (111) of the pile body (11) and connect it with the pile body (11), and make the upper section of the tie rod (12) protrude outside the central channel (111); When a material conveying pipe (124) and / or a grouting pipe (125) are designed, the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) are arranged side by side with the tie rod (12) and installed on the tie rod (12); S3: Insert the tie rod (12) into the empty pile pipe (16). When a material conveying pipe (124) and / or a grouting pipe (125) are designed, insert the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) together with the tie rod (12) into the empty pile pipe (16). Detachably connect the lower end of the empty pile pipe (16) to the top end of the pile body (11) through the adapter hole (112) or adapter (114) provided at the top end of the pile body (11). S4: Use a pile driver to apply force to the upper end of the empty pile pipe (16) and drive the pile structure (1) into the stratum (3) at the designed depth position; S5: Remove the empty pile tube (16) from the pile body (11), pull the empty pile tube out of the stratum, so that an empty pile (2) is formed between the top surface of the pile body (11) and the opening (35) of the pile hole.

23. A method for constructing tension piles according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: T1: Drill holes in the stratum (3) to form pile holes (32) according to the designed pile body (11) diameter and depth. T2: Connect the lower end of the tie bar (12) to the reinforcing cage (101), and place the reinforcing cage (101) together with the tie bar (12) at the bottom of the pile hole (32), with the upper end of the tie bar (12) above the pile hole opening (35); or Connect the lower end of the tie bar (12) to the steel cage (101), arrange the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) in parallel with the tie bar (12) and install them at the designed position of the tie bar (12), then place the steel cage (101) together with the tie bar (12) at the bottom of the pile hole (32), and let the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) enter the pile hole (32) together, so that the upper ends of the tie bar (12) and the material conveying pipe (124) and / or the grouting pipe (125) are above the opening (35) of the pile hole; T3: Pour concrete (102) into the pile hole (32) to form a pile body (11) with a diameter, length and burial depth that meet the design requirements, so that an empty pile (2) is formed between the top surface of the pile body (11) and the opening (35) of the pile hole.

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