An automatic anchoring device

Abstract

An automatic anchoring device, a support shaft is installed on a support on a carrier, a slide is installed on the support shaft, a wheel is connected to the upper end of an axle in the slide, an anchoring agent holding mechanism and an anchor rod holding mechanism are installed on the wheel, a gear is connected to the lower end of the axle through a one-way bearing, an incomplete rack is installed on the support, a drill is installed below the side of the slide, a drill rod is installed on the drill rod joint of the drill, a drill rod clamping mechanism is installed above the drill, the drill rod passes through the clamping assembly of the drill rod clamping mechanism, and a driving device is connected between the drill and the slide. After the drill rod hole is drilled and the drill rod is withdrawn from the anchor rod hole, the driving device is started, the anchoring agent holding mechanism and the anchor rod holding mechanism can be in turn directly above the drill, and the anchoring agent and the anchor rod can be pushed into the anchor rod hole through the drill. When the drill rod needs to be connected during drilling, the drill rod is kept in the anchor rod hole, the drill rod joint is separated from the drill rod, and another drill rod can be connected between the drill rod joint and the drill rod in the anchor rod hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the installation of anchoring devices, and more specifically to an automatic anchoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most anchoring operations in mine roadways involve manually drilling anchor holes, manually filling the holes with anchoring agent, then using the drilling rig to insert the anchor rod into the hole, where the anchor rod thoroughly mixes with the anchoring agent, and finally waiting for it to solidify. The drawbacks of this method are low efficiency, high labor intensity for workers, and difficulty in guaranteeing work quality.

[0003] To improve the efficiency of anchor bolt support operations and reduce the labor intensity of workers, some devices that can complete drilling, anchoring, and anchor bolt installation in one operation have emerged. Chinese Patent (Patent No.: 201921944882.1) discloses an automatic anchor bolt drilling mechanism, including a fixed base, a rotating frame hinged to the fixed base and mounting a drill-anchor assembly, and a propulsion component for driving the drill-anchor assembly to move back and forth. The rotating frame is driven to rotate by the propulsion component. The drill-anchor assembly on the rotating frame includes a drill rod, anchoring agent, and anchor bolt. This anchor bolt drilling mechanism uses a rotating frame, with the drill rod, anchoring agent, and anchor bolt positioned at different locations on the rotating frame. The rotation of the rotating frame achieves the positioning of these three components before construction, completing drilling, anchoring, and anchor bolt installation in a single operation. This improves the efficiency of anchor bolt installation to a certain extent and reduces the labor intensity of workers. The shortcomings of the above-mentioned anchor drilling mechanism are: 1. It only has one set of drilling and anchoring kits. After completing the anchoring of one point, it is necessary to stop the machine to add anchoring agent and anchor rod. Therefore, its ability to work continuously on the working face is not strong; 2. When the depth of the anchor hole to be drilled is greater than the length of a drill rod, it is not possible to complete the drilling in one go using a single drill rod. It is necessary to stop the machine to add a drill rod. When adding a drill rod, it is required that the drill rod already in the anchor hole remain inside it. The above-mentioned anchor drilling mechanism does not have a drill rod position holding mechanism. For vertical anchor holes in the roadway, the operation of stopping the machine to add a drill rod is more troublesome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic anchoring device that stores multiple anchoring agents and anchor rods, allowing for timely replenishment of anchoring agents and anchor rods during operation, enabling continuous multi-point operation. It also includes a drill rod position holding mechanism to facilitate the addition of drill rods.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following solution: an automatic anchoring device, comprising a support fixed on a carrier, a support shaft mounted on the support, a slide ram mounted on the support shaft and slidingly engaged therewith, a wheel axle mounted on the slide ram, a wheel disk connected to the upper end of the wheel axle, a set of notches evenly distributed along the circumference of the wheel disk having a set of notches evenly distributed along its edge, and an anchor holding mechanism and an anchor rod holding mechanism respectively provided at the upper end of every two adjacent notches according to the interval arrangement, a gear connected to the lower end of the wheel axle through a one-way bearing, an incomplete rack cooperating with the gear fixed on the support, a drilling rig provided below the side of the slide ram, the drilling rig being fixed to the support shaft, a drill rod mounted on the drill rod joint of the drilling rig, a drill bit mounted at the front end of the drill rod, a drill rod clamping mechanism provided above the drilling rig, the drill rod clamping mechanism being supported by a base, the base being fixed to the slide ram, the drill rod passing through the clamping assembly of the drill rod clamping mechanism, and a drive device that extends and retracts along the axial direction of the support shaft being connected between the housing of the drilling rig and the slide ram.

[0006] As can be seen from the above scheme, starting the drilling rig allows it to drill anchor bolt holes in the top of the mine roadway. After drilling, with the drill rod inside the anchor bolt hole, the drill rod clamping mechanism holds the drill rod, causing the drill rod joint of the drilling rig to retract and separate from the drill rod. The drill rod clamping mechanism can then remove the drill rod from the anchor bolt hole. Activating the drive device allows the ram to reciprocate along the support shaft. During the ram's reciprocating movement, through the engagement of gears and incomplete racks and the action of one-way bearings, the wheel rotates intermittently, positioning the anchoring agent holding mechanism and the anchor bolt holding mechanism on the wheel directly above the drilling rig. Then, through the drill rod joint of the drilling rig, the anchoring agent and the anchor bolt can be pushed sequentially into the anchor bolt hole. When additional drill rods are needed, the drill rod clamping mechanism clamps the drill rod that has entered the anchor bolt hole, keeping the drill rod inside the anchor bolt hole. Then, the drill rod joint of the drilling machine is retracted and separated from the drill rod, allowing another drill rod to be added between the drill rod joint and the drill rod inside the anchor bolt hole.

[0007] This invention has a reasonable structure and reliable performance. It has strong continuous operation capability, high operation efficiency, and can easily and reliably add drill rods. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view after the support structure has been removed;

[0010] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A bottom view after the support structure has been removed;

[0011] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A-A sectional view;

[0012] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 B-B sectional view;

[0013] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The C-direction view;

[0014] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 D-D sectional view;

[0015] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 E-E sectional view;

[0016] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of part F;

[0017] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the combined structure of the support shaft, slide, base, drilling rig, and support seat in the embodiment shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4

[0020] The automatic anchoring device provided by this invention has a support body 1 with a bracket 4 fixed on it. A support shaft 6 is mounted on the support body 4, and a slide block 7 that slides and engages with it is mounted on the support shaft 6. A wheel axle 2 is mounted on the slide block 7. A wheel disc 15 is connected to the upper end of the wheel axle 2. A set of notches 15a are evenly distributed along the circumference of the wheel disc 15. According to the interval arrangement, an anchoring agent holding mechanism and an anchor rod holding mechanism are respectively provided at the upper end of every two adjacent notches 15a. A gear 3 is connected to the lower end of the wheel axle 2 through a one-way bearing 19. An incomplete rack 5 that engages with the gear 3 is fixed on the support body 4. A drill rig 18 is provided on the lower side of the slide block 7. The drill rig 18 is fixed to the support shaft 6. A drill rod 11 is mounted on the drill rod joint 18a of the drill rig 18, and a drill bit 10 is mounted at the front end of the drill rod 11. A drill rod clamping mechanism is provided above the drilling rig 18. The drill rod clamping mechanism is supported by a base 16, which is fixed to the slide 7. The drill rod 11 passes through the clamping assembly of the drill rod clamping mechanism. A drive device 17 that extends and retracts in a straight line along the axis of the support shaft is connected between the housing of the drilling rig 18 and the slide 7. Figure 1 The drill rod 11 shown is separated from the drill rod joint 18a, and the drill rod 11 is held by the drill rod clamping mechanism. In addition, to facilitate the movement of this anchoring device in the mine roadway, in this embodiment, the carrier 1 is a tracked vehicle.

[0021] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5

[0022] In this embodiment, the anchoring agent holding mechanism has a pair of housings 14 with a semi-circular cross-section, a conduit 8, and a base 22. The two housings 14 are arranged opposite to each other on the edge of the notch 15a of the wheel 15. The conduit 8 is connected to the base 22. Two slits 8a are arranged opposite to each other on the conduit 8. The slits 8a pass through the upper end of the conduit 8, and the lower end of the slits 8a ends at the lower part of the conduit 8. A stop bar 21 passes through the two slits 8a. The stop bar 21 is supported by the lower end of the two slits 8a. An anchoring agent capsule 20 is installed inside the conduit 8. The anchoring agent capsule 20 is supported by the stop bar 21. The base 22 is supported by the upper end of the two housings 14.

[0023] In this embodiment, the anchor holding mechanism includes an anchor 9 and a pair of housings 14 with a semi-circular cross-section. The two housings 14 are arranged opposite each other on the upper edge of the notch 15a of the wheel 15. A lower support plate 25 and an upper support plate 23 are fixed to the lower and upper ends of the two housings 14, respectively. Both the lower support plate 25 and the upper support plate 23 have through holes. Two or more magnets 24 are embedded in the upper support plate 23. The anchor 9 is supported by the upper support plate 23. The anchor 9 is a commercially available product, which has an anchor body 9a and a pad 9b. The pad 9b is supported by the upper support plate 23. The nut 9c connected to the rear end of the anchor body 9a falls into the through hole on the lower support plate 25. The magnets 24 can reliably hold the pad 9b, ensuring the stable and reliable installation of the anchor 9.

[0024] In addition, each notch 15a of the roulette wheel 15 may be provided with an anchor holding mechanism or an anchor holding mechanism at its upper end. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 Only one complete anchor holding mechanism and anchor bolt holding mechanism are given in the text; the others are omitted.

[0025] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As can be seen, driven by the drive device 17, during the movement of the ram 7 to the left or right, the gear 3 rotates at an angle through its engagement with the incomplete rack 5. The function of the one-way bearing 19 is that when the ram 7 moves to the left, the gear 3 and the one-way bearing 19 rotate, driving the axle 3 and the wheel disc 15 to rotate. When the ram 7 moves to the right, the gear 3 and the one-way bearing 19 rotate, but the axle 2 does not rotate, thus achieving intermittent rotation of the axle 2 and the wheel disc 15. In addition, the engagement requirement between the gear 2 and the incomplete rack 5 is that after each leftward movement and rotation of the axle 2 and the wheel disc 15, a notch 15a on the edge of the wheel disc 15 aligns with the drill pipe joint 18a of the drilling rig 18. For example, in this embodiment, there are 12 notches 15a on the edge of the wheel 15. Each time the wheel axle 2 and the wheel 15 rotate, the rotation angle is 30°, ensuring that one notch 15a is aligned with the drill rod joint 18a of the drilling rig 18. Then, the drill rod joint 18a of the drilling rig 18 pushes the anchoring agent holding mechanism or the anchor rod holding mechanism above the notch into the anchor rod hole.

[0026] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8

[0027] In this embodiment, the drill rod clamping mechanism includes a sleeve 12 and a first hydraulic cylinder 30. A bushing 28 is installed inside the sleeve 12. The first hydraulic cylinder 30 is connected to the sleeve 12, and the front end of the piston rod 30a of the first hydraulic cylinder 30 extends into the sleeve 12. A chuck 30b is connected to the front end of the piston rod 30a of the first hydraulic cylinder 30. The drill rod 11 passes through the sleeve 12 and the bushing 28. The chuck 30b has a locking slot aligned with the drill rod 11. A water injection pipe 29 is installed on the sleeve 12 and the bushing 28. One end of the water injection pipe 29 extends into the bushing 28, and the other end is located outside the sleeve 12. The drill rod clamping mechanism also includes a pair of vertically oriented second hydraulic cylinders 13. The cylinder bodies of the two second hydraulic cylinders 13 are fixed to the base 16, and the front ends of the piston rods of the two second hydraulic cylinders are connected to the sleeve 12. During drilling operations, coolant is added through the water injection pipe 29, which provides cooling, lubrication, and flushing. in addition, Figure 1 The state of the anchoring device shown is that the drill rod 11 is separated from the drill rod joint 18a of the drilling machine 18, the drill rod 11 is held by the drill rod clamping mechanism, and the drill rod 11 is moved away from above the drill rod joint 18a.

[0028] See Figure 1 , Figure 3

[0029] In this embodiment, the driving device 17 is a driving cylinder. The cylinder body of the driving cylinder is hinged to the outer shell of the drilling rig 18, and the piston rod of the driving cylinder is hinged to the slide block.

[0030] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 9

[0031] In this embodiment, a hexagonal prism-shaped blind hole 18b is formed in the middle of the front end face of the drill rod connector 18a of the drilling rig 18. A set of magnets 18c evenly distributed around the blind hole are embedded in the front end face of the drill rod connector 18a. The rear end of the drill rod 11 has a hexagonal prism-shaped connector 11a, which mates with the blind hole 18b. This structure facilitates the connection between the connector 11a and the drill rod connector 18a, and ensures a stable connection.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 10

[0033] In this embodiment, a support base 27 is fixed to the upper end of the housing of the drilling rig 18. A pair of sliding grooves 27a are provided on the upper surface of the support base 27. The bottom of the base 16 has two protruding slide rails 16a, which slide in slidably engage with the two sliding grooves 27a respectively. A groove 16b is formed on one side of each slide rail 16a, and a baffle 26 fixed to the support base 27 is provided on the side of each slide rail 27a. Each baffle 26 engages with the groove 16b on the adjacent slide rail 16a. This structure ensures smooth movement of the base 16.

[0034] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As can be seen, by aligning the drilling rig 18 with an anchoring point at the top of the mine roadway, the drilling rig equipped with drill rod 11 can drill an anchor bolt hole. After the anchor bolt hole is completed, the first hydraulic cylinder 30 is activated, and the front claw 30b of its piston rod 30a clamps the drill rod 11, causing the drill rod joint 18a of the drilling rig 18 to retract, separating the drill rod joint 18a from the drill rod 11. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder 13 drives the sleeve 12 and the drill rod 11 to descend, allowing the drill rod 11 to exit from the anchor bolt hole.

[0035] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As can be seen, after the anchor bolt hole is completed and the drill rod 11 is withdrawn, the drive device 17 is started, causing the slide ram 7 and the wheel 15 to move to the left along the support shaft 6. Through the cooperation of the gear 3 and the incomplete rack 5 and the transmission action of the one-way bearing 19, the wheel axle 2 drives the wheel 15 to rotate at an angle. The base 22 on the wheel 15 is directly above the drill rod joint 18a. The drilling machine 18 is started, and the drill rod joint 18a pushes the base 22, causing the guide tube 8 and the stop rod 21 to enter the anchor bolt hole. After the two ends of the stop rod 21 are locked with the inner wall of the anchor bolt hole, the drill rod joint 18a, along with the base 22 and the guide tube 8, is withdrawn. The anchoring agent capsule 20 and the stop rod 21 in the guide tube 8 remain in the anchor bolt hole. After the anchoring agent capsule is filled, the base 22 is separated from the drill pipe joint 18a. The drive device 17 moves the ram 7 and the wheel 15 to the right along the support shaft 6. During the rightward movement, the gear 3 and the incomplete rack 5 engage again. However, due to the presence of the one-way bearing 19, the gear 3 and the one-way bearing 19 rotate, while the wheel axle 2 and the wheel 15 do not rotate. After the rightward movement is completed, the drive device 17 moves the ram 7 and the wheel 15 to the left along the support shaft 6. The wheel axle 2 drives the wheel 15 to rotate another angle. The anchor holding mechanism on the wheel 15 is located directly above the drill pipe joint, so that the drill pipe joint 18a engages with the nut 9c at the rear end of the anchor rod. The anchor rod body 9a on the anchor holding mechanism can then be sent into the anchor rod hole by the drill pipe joint 18a. During the process of the anchor rod body 9a rotating into the anchor rod hole, the stop bar 21 in the anchor rod hole is crushed and the anchoring agent is stirred evenly, and the anchoring operation is completed.

[0036] In addition, by Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As can be seen, when the depth of the drilled anchor hole is greater than the length of a single drill rod and an additional drill rod is needed, the first hydraulic cylinder 30 is activated. The front claw 30b of its piston rod 30a clamps the drill rod 11 that has entered the anchor hole, keeping the drill rod 11 inside the anchor hole. This causes the drill rod joint 18a of the drilling machine 18 to retract and separate from the drill rod 11, allowing another drill rod to be added between the drill rod joint 18a and the drill rod 11 inside the anchor hole.

Claims

1. An automatic anchoring device, characterized in that: A support frame is fixed to a carrier, and a support shaft is mounted on the support frame. A slide block, which slides on the support shaft, is mounted on the slide block. An axle is mounted on the slide block, and a wheel disk is connected to the upper end of the axle. A set of evenly distributed notches along the circumference of the wheel disk is cut along its edge. An anchor holding mechanism and an anchor rod holding mechanism are respectively provided at the upper ends of every two adjacent notches, arranged at intervals. A gear is connected to the lower end of the axle via a one-way bearing. An incomplete rack that meshes with the gear is fixed to the support frame. A drilling rig is located below and to the side of the slide block, and is fixed to the support shaft. A drill rod is mounted on the drill rod joint of the drilling rig, and a drill bit is mounted at the front end of the drill rod. A drill rod clamping mechanism is located above the drilling rig, supported by a base fixed to the slide block. The drill rod passes through the clamping assembly of the drill rod clamping mechanism. An axle along the support shaft connects the housing of the drilling rig and the slide block. A linear telescopic drive device; the anchor holding mechanism has a pair of shells, conduits, and bases with a semi-circular cross-section. The two shells are arranged opposite each other on the upper edge of the notch of the wheel. The conduit is connected to the base. Two oppositely arranged slits are opened on the conduit, which extends through the upper end of the conduit and terminates at the lower part of the conduit. A stop bar passes through the two oppositely arranged slits and is supported by the lower end of the two slits. An anchor capsule is installed inside the conduit and is supported by the stop bar. The base is supported by the upper end of the two shells. During the reciprocating movement of the ram, the wheel rotates intermittently through the cooperation of gears and incomplete racks and the action of one-way bearings, so that the anchor holding mechanism and the anchor rod holding mechanism on the wheel are successively positioned directly above the drilling rig. Then, through the drill rod joint of the drilling rig, the anchor and the anchor rod can be pushed into the anchor rod hole in sequence.

2. The automatic anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor holding mechanism has an anchor rod and a pair of shells with a semi-circular cross-section. The two shells are arranged opposite each other on the edge of the notch of the wheel. A lower support plate and an upper support plate are fixed at the lower and upper ends of the two shells, respectively. Both the lower support plate and the upper support plate have through holes. Two or more magnets are embedded in the upper support plate. The anchor rod is supported by the upper support plate.

3. The automatic anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill pipe clamping mechanism includes a sleeve and a first hydraulic cylinder. A bushing is installed inside the sleeve. The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sleeve. The front end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder extends into the sleeve. A chuck is connected to the front end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder. The drill pipe passes through the sleeve and the bushing. The chuck has a jaw that aligns with the drill pipe. A water injection pipe is installed on the sleeve and the bushing. One end of the water injection pipe extends into the bushing, and the other end is located outside the sleeve. The drill pipe clamping mechanism also includes a pair of vertically oriented second hydraulic cylinders. The cylinder bodies of the two second hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the base, and the front ends of the piston rods of the two second hydraulic cylinders are connected to the sleeve.

4. The automatic anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device is a driving cylinder, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the outer shell of the drilling rig, and the piston rod of which is hinged to the slide block.

5. The automatic anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill rod joint of the drilling rig has a hexagonal prism-shaped blind hole in the middle of the front end face. A set of magnets evenly distributed around the blind hole are embedded in the front end face of the drill rod joint. The drill rod has a hexagonal prism-shaped joint at the rear end, which mates with the blind hole.

6. The automatic anchoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support base is fixed at the upper end of the drilling rig housing. A pair of sliding grooves are provided on the upper surface of the support base. The bottom of the base has two protruding slide rails. The two slide rails slide in cooperation with the two sliding grooves respectively. A groove is opened on one side of each slide rail. A baffle fixed to the support base is provided on the side of each slide rail. Each baffle cooperates with the groove on the adjacent slide rail.

Images