A design method of a steerable differential beamformer based on vector hydrophone

By adopting an adjustable differential beamformer design method based on vector hydrophones, the problem of the inability to dynamically adjust traditional beamforming technology is solved, enabling flexible and efficient underwater detection and improving signal-to-noise ratio and target detection performance.

CN117471523BActive Publication Date: 2026-06-19HARBIN ENG UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HARBIN ENG UNIV
Filing Date
2023-12-01
Publication Date
2026-06-19

AI Technical Summary

⚠Technical Problem

Traditional differential beamforming technology cannot dynamically adjust the beam direction during operation, which limits the system's adaptability in different environments and applications and fails to meet the requirements for flexibility and efficient detection.

⚗Method used

An adjustable directional differential beamformer design method based on vector hydrophones is adopted. By weighting the vector hydrophone array and optimizing it using the least squares method, a high-order adjustable directional beamformer is designed, with the main lobe direction aligned with the target direction, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and detection performance.

🎯Benefits of technology

It enables the beam direction to be adjusted according to real-time conditions, improving the flexibility and signal-to-noise ratio of array detection and enhancing the detection capability of weak underwater targets.

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Abstract

A method for designing an adjustable-direction differential beamformer based on a vector hydrophone, belonging to the field of array signal processing, utilizes the special characteristics of small apertures and obtains a high-order directional beam pattern expression based on a vector array using McLaurin series expansion. Based on the frequency-independent characteristic of differential directivity, an ideal high-order directivity expression is given, and the ideal adjustable-direction directivity expression is expanded to satisfy each sub-term of the vector array's high-order directional beam pattern. Finally, each sub-term of the vector array's high-order directional beam pattern is compared and combined with each sub-term of the ideal adjustable-direction directivity expression according to its order, and the weights of each channel are obtained using the least squares method to realize the design of the adjustable-direction differential beamformer based on the vector hydrophone. This invention utilizes information from each channel of the vector hydrophone to obtain high-order directivity, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, and is more conducive to the detection of weak underwater targets, overcoming the drawback of conventional linear arrays that cannot achieve directional adjustment.
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