Pumped storage power station water energy parameter optimization method considering backup storage capacity

Abstract

The application provides a pumped storage power station water energy parameter optimization method considering backup storage capacity, comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining basic information of a planned power station; S2, establishing a pumped storage power station water energy parameter optimization mathematical model considering backup storage capacity; S3, iteratively solving the pumped storage power station water energy parameter optimization mathematical model considering backup storage capacity; and S4, arranging and outputting the calculation results of the pumped storage power station water energy parameters. The application further considers the reasonable value range of backup storage capacity and storage capacity margin coefficient, establishes a pumped storage power station water energy parameter optimization calculation model considering backup storage capacity, and provides a model solving algorithm which is clear in steps, simple to realize and efficient in calculation. The pumped storage power station water energy parameters meeting various constraints can be optimized and calculated, and the application can be widely applied to the survey, planning, design and other work stages of the pumped storage power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pumped storage technology, and in particular relates to a method for optimizing hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations considering backup reservoir capacity. Background Technology

[0002] Developing pumped storage hydropower is an urgent need and an inevitable choice for promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of energy. Hydropower parameters are the most important parameters for pumped storage power stations, including a series of technical indicators such as the characteristic water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs, corresponding reservoir capacities, and the installed capacity of the power station. These directly determine or influence the scale, layout, and economic indicators of pumped storage power station projects. The calculation of hydropower parameters is quite complex, characterized by multiple indicators, multiple constraints, and high dimensionality.

[0003] Traditional methods for calculating hydropower parameters rely on manual trial calculations. Chinese patent CN 113158286 A discloses a method for calculating hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations based on the maximum scale criterion. This method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional manual calculations and proposes an intelligent, standardized, and optimized calculation method for pumped storage power station hydropower parameters, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of parameter calculations. However, many pumped storage power stations require the establishment of ice-freezing or water-loss backup storage capacity based on hydrological and meteorological conditions. The method provided by CN 113158286 A cannot consider backup storage capacity in its hydropower parameter calculations. While the method is applicable in the preliminary survey stage where backup storage capacity can be simplified and ignored, or when analysis during the design stage indicates no need for backup storage capacity, it is difficult to meet application requirements during the design phase, as pumped storage power stations often require backup storage capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station that takes into account the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0005] Therefore, the above-mentioned objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Obtain basic information about the planned power plant;

[0008] S2. Establish a mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations, taking into account the reserve reservoir capacity;

[0009] S3. Iteratively solve the mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering backup reservoir capacity.

[0010] S4. Compile and output the calculation results of the hydropower parameters of the pumped storage power station.

[0011] While adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention may also adopt or combine the following technical solutions:

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: In step S1, the basic information of the planned power station includes: water level and reservoir capacity conversion functions of the upper and lower reservoirs of the power station; upper limit of normal water level; lower limit of dead water level; upper limit of dead reservoir capacity; frozen reserve capacity; water loss reserve capacity; upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity margin coefficient; power station head-to-lift ratio control value; number of hours of continuous full-load operation.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: In step S2, the mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of the pumped storage power station considering the backup reservoir capacity includes: an objective function and constraints.

[0014] The objective function is as follows:

[0015] The objective function is to maximize the installed capacity of the power plant.

[0016]

[0017] Where: N is the installed capacity of the power station, E is the energy storage of the power station, and T is the number of hours the power station can operate at full capacity continuously;

[0018] The specific constraints are as follows:

[0019] (1) Normal water level constraint:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0023] (2) Dead water level constraint:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] In the formula: These are the lower limits of the dead water levels in the upper and lower reservoirs; Z represents the upper limit of dead storage capacity for both upper and lower reservoirs. Up =f Up (V Up This represents the upper reservoir water level-to-capacity conversion function. The input is the upper reservoir capacity V. UpThe corresponding water level Z in the upper reservoir can be calculated. Up Z Low =f Low (V Low This represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The input is the storage capacity V of the lower reservoir. Low The corresponding water level Z in the lower reservoir can be calculated. Low ;

[0027] (3) Head-to-lift ratio constraint:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula: H MaxL H MinH For the power station, R is the maximum net head and minimum net head; R is the head-to-head ratio control value; β is the head-to-head ratio limit, β > 0;

[0030] (4) Spare storage capacity constraints:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] In the formula: This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs. This is to provide backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0034] (5) Storage capacity margin coefficient constraint:

[0035] η Min ≤η Up ≤η Max

[0036] η Min ≤η Low ≤η Max

[0037] In the formula: η Min η Max η represents the lower and upper limits of the storage capacity margin coefficient. Up η Low These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses;

[0038] (6) Reservoir capacity constraints for regulation:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] In the formula: To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; It serves as backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0042] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0043] S31. Given the initial normal water levels and dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs, calculate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] In the formula: This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs; The dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; Z Up =f Up (V Up This represents the upper reservoir water level-to-capacity conversion function. The input is the upper reservoir capacity V. Up The corresponding water level Z in the upper reservoir can be calculated. Up Z Low =f Low (V Low This represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The input is the storage capacity V of the lower reservoir. Low The corresponding water level Z in the lower reservoir can be calculated. Low ; This represents the inverse function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The input is the water level Z of the upper reservoir. Up The corresponding reservoir capacity V can be calculated. Up ; This represents the inverse function for converting reservoir water level to storage capacity. Input the reservoir water level Z. Low The corresponding reservoir capacity V can be calculated. Low ;

[0051] S32. Iteratively allocate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs to obtain the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs. spare storage capacity and storage capacity margin coefficient η Up η Low ;

[0052] S33. Calculate the maximum net head and minimum net head of the planned power station:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] In the formula: ΔMaxL and ΔMinH are the head increase corresponding to the maximum head and the head loss corresponding to the minimum head, respectively; This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0056] like Complete step S33; otherwise, adjust the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs to make... Proceed to step S32;

[0057] In the formula: H MaxL H MinH For the power station, R is the maximum net head and minimum net head; R is the head-to-head ratio control value; β is the head-to-head ratio limit, β > 0;

[0058] S34. Calculate the power station's energy storage capacity and installed capacity based on the selected normal water level and dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0059] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S32 specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] S321. Calculate the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] In the formula: To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; This is to provide backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs; This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0066] S322. Calculate the reservoir capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0067] like but:

[0068] like but:

[0069] In the formula: The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; η Up η Low These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses;

[0070] S323. For the reservoir with a larger power generation capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs, if the reservoir's capacity margin coefficient is not greater than η... Max If the condition is met, skip step S323; otherwise, adjust the reservoir capacity margin coefficient by adjusting the normal or dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0071] like Then raise the dead water level of the upper reservoir until η Up ≤η Max ;

[0072] like Then lower the normal water level of the lower reservoir until η Low ≤η Max .

[0073] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: In step S33, adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs is further as follows:

[0074] like For reservoirs with large regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the dead storage capacity is less than the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the dead water level will be raised; if the dead storage capacity is equal to the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the normal water level will be lowered.

[0075] like For reservoirs with smaller regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the normal water level is lower than the upper limit of the normal water level, the normal water level will be raised; if the normal water level is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level, the dead water level will be lowered; if the normal water level of the reservoir is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level and the dead water level is equal to the lower limit of the dead water level, the dead water level of the other reservoir will be lowered.

[0076] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: when adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs, the normal water level should always be controlled to not exceed the upper limit of the normal water level and be higher than the dead water level, the dead water level should not be lower than the lower limit of the dead water level, and the dead water capacity should be less than the upper limit of the dead water capacity.

[0077] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: in step S4, the calculation results include: the normal water level of the upper reservoir. Dead water level Adjust storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen standby storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient η Up and the normal water level of the lower reservoir Dead water level Adjust storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen standby storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient η Low The average net head H of the power station AveH Installed capacity N, continuous full-load hours T, head-to-head ratio

[0078] This invention provides a method for optimizing the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations considering backup reservoir capacity. Compared with existing technologies, the traditional manual empirical method for calculating hydropower parameters, while considering backup reservoir capacity, has low calculation efficiency. Although Chinese patent CN 113158286A significantly improves the calculation efficiency of pumped storage hydropower parameters, it does not consider backup reservoir capacity. Based on Chinese patent CN 113158286A, this invention further considers the reasonable range of reservoir capacity margin coefficient and backup reservoir capacity requirements, establishes an optimization calculation model for the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations considering backup reservoir capacity, and provides a model solution algorithm with clear steps, simple implementation, and high computational efficiency. It can optimize and calculate the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations that meet various constraints, and can be widely applied in the survey, planning, and design stages of pumped storage power stations. Attached Figure Description

[0079] Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the method for optimizing hydroelectric parameters of a pumped storage power station that takes into account backup reservoir capacity, as provided by this invention.

[0080] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the algorithm for solving a mathematical model to optimize the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station, taking into account backup reservoir capacity.

[0081] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the optimization process of hydropower parameters for a pumped storage power station, as shown in the example. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0083] This invention provides a method for optimizing hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations considering reserve reservoir capacity, comprising the following steps:

[0084] S1. Obtain basic information about the planned power plant;

[0085] The basic information of the planned power station includes: the conversion function of water level and reservoir capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs of the power station; the upper limit of normal water level; the lower limit of dead water level; the upper limit of dead reservoir capacity; the value of frozen reserve capacity; the value of water loss reserve capacity; the upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity margin coefficient; the power station head-to-lift ratio control value; and the number of hours of continuous full-load operation.

[0086] S2. Establish a mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations, taking into account the reserve reservoir capacity;

[0087] The mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity includes: the objective function and constraints.

[0088] The objective function is as follows:

[0089] The objective function is to maximize the installed capacity of the power plant.

[0090]

[0091] Where: N is the installed capacity of the power station, E is the energy storage of the power station, and T is the number of hours the power station can operate at full capacity continuously;

[0092] The specific constraints are as follows:

[0093] (1) Normal water level constraint:

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the formula: These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0097] (2) Dead water level constraint:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] In the formula: These are the lower limits of the dead water levels in the upper and lower reservoirs; Z represents the upper limit of dead storage capacity for both upper and lower reservoirs. Up =f Up (V Up This represents the upper reservoir water level-to-capacity conversion function. The input is the upper reservoir capacity V. Up The corresponding water level Z in the upper reservoir can be calculated. Up Z Low =f Low (V LowThis represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The input is the storage capacity V of the lower reservoir. Low The corresponding water level Z in the lower reservoir can be calculated. Low ;

[0101] (3) Head-to-lift ratio constraint:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula: H MaxL H MinH For the power station, R is the maximum net head and minimum net head; R is the head-to-head ratio control value; β is the head-to-head ratio limit, β > 0;

[0104] (4) Spare storage capacity constraints:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] In the formula: This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs. This is to provide backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0108] (5) Storage capacity margin coefficient constraint:

[0109] η Min ≤η Up ≤η Max

[0110] η Min ≤η Low ≤η Max

[0111] In the formula: η Min η Max η represents the lower and upper limits of the storage capacity margin coefficient. Up η Low These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses;

[0112] (6) Reservoir capacity constraints for regulation:

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] In the formula: To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; It serves as backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0116] S3. Iteratively solve the mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering backup reservoir capacity.

[0117] The specific steps of step S3 are as follows:

[0118] S31. Given the initial normal water levels and dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs, calculate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] In the formula: This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs; The dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; Z Up =f Up (V Up This represents the upper reservoir water level-to-capacity conversion function. The input is the upper reservoir capacity V. Up The corresponding water level Z in the upper reservoir can be calculated. Up Z Low =f Low (V Low This represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The input is the storage capacity V of the lower reservoir. Low The corresponding water level Z in the lower reservoir can be calculated. Low ; This represents the inverse function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The input is the water level Z of the upper reservoir. Up The corresponding reservoir capacity V can be calculated. Up ; This represents the inverse function for converting reservoir water level to storage capacity. Input the reservoir water level Z. Low The corresponding reservoir capacity V can be calculated. Low ;

[0126] S32. Iteratively allocate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs to obtain the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs. spare storage capacity and storage capacity margin coefficient η Up η Low ;

[0127] S33. Calculate the maximum net head and minimum net head of the planned power station:

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] In the formula: ΔMaxL and ΔMinH are the head increase corresponding to the maximum head and the head loss corresponding to the minimum head, respectively; This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs;

[0131] like Complete step S33; otherwise, adjust the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs to make... Proceed to step S32;

[0132] In the formula: H MaxL H MinH For the power station, R is the maximum net head and minimum net head; R is the head-to-head ratio control value; β is the head-to-head ratio limit, β > 0;

[0133] S34. Calculate the power station's energy storage capacity and installed capacity based on the selected normal water level and dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0134] Step S32 specifically includes the following steps:

[0135] S321. Calculate the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] In the formula: To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; This is to provide backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs; This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0141] S322. Calculate the reservoir capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower reservoirs:

[0142] like Then: η Low =η Min ,

[0143] like Then: η Up =η Min ,

[0144] In the formula: The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; η Up η Low These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses;

[0145] S323. For the reservoir with a larger power generation capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs, if the reservoir's capacity margin coefficient is not greater than η... Max If the condition is met, skip step S323; otherwise, adjust the reservoir capacity margin coefficient by adjusting the normal or dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs.

[0146] like Then raise the dead water level of the upper reservoir until η Up ≤η Max ;

[0147] like Then lower the normal water level of the lower reservoir until η Low ≤η Max .

[0148] In step S33, adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs is further as follows:

[0149] like For reservoirs with large regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the dead storage capacity is less than the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the dead water level will be raised; if the dead storage capacity is equal to the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the normal water level will be lowered.

[0150] like For reservoirs with smaller regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the normal water level is lower than the upper limit of the normal water level, the normal water level will be raised; if the normal water level is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level, the dead water level will be lowered; if the normal water level of the reservoir is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level and the dead water level is equal to the lower limit of the dead water level, the dead water level of the other reservoir will be lowered.

[0151] When adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs, the normal water level should always be controlled to not exceed the upper limit of the normal water level and be higher than the dead water level, the dead water level should not be lower than the lower limit of the dead water level, and the dead water capacity should be less than the upper limit of the dead water capacity.

[0152] S4. Compile and output the calculation results of the hydropower parameters of the pumped storage power station.

[0153] The calculation results include: the normal water level of the upper reservoir. Dead water level Adjust storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen standby storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient η Up and the normal water level of the lower reservoir Dead water level Adjust storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen standby storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient η Low The average net head H of the power station AveH Installed capacity N, continuous full-load hours T, head-to-head ratio

[0154] Specifically, taking a pumped storage power station in Zhejiang Province as an example, the details are as follows:

[0155] 1) Project Overview

[0156] A pumped-storage power station in Zhejiang Province, located in the mountainous region of southern Zhejiang, will primarily supply power to the Zhejiang power grid after its completion and commissioning. Its main functions include peak shaving, valley filling, energy storage, frequency regulation, phase regulation, and emergency backup. The power station's main structures include an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a water conveyance system, an underground powerhouse, and a switchyard. It is currently in the feasibility study stage.

[0157] 2) Calculation boundary of hydropower parameters of the power station

[0158] Table 1

[0159]

[0160] 3) Calculation results

[0161] Using the method described in this invention, implemented through computer programming, and based on the aforementioned conditions and parameters, the calculated hydropower parameters of the pumped storage power station are shown in Table 2 below. From the calculation results of this example, the upper limit of the normal storage water level and the lower limit of the dead water level do not constrain the calculation of hydropower parameters. The main constraints are the upper limit of the dead storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs and the head-to-lift ratio control values, which limit further increases in the regulating reservoir capacity and installed capacity of this power station. The total water loss reserve capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs is 950,000 m³. 3 The constraints were met, with the reservoir capacity margin coefficients all exactly equal to the lower limit of 5%, which also complies with the constraints. Therefore, this method achieves a reasonable allocation of the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs and a reasonable determination of the reservoir capacity margin coefficients under the condition of satisfying all constraints, and calculates the maximum installed capacity.

[0162] Table 2

[0163] Serial Number project unit index 1 Upper Reservoir 1.1 Normal water level m 926 1.2 Normal water storage capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 1203 1.3 Dead water level m 900 1.4 Dead storage capacity n <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 287 1.5 Adjust storage capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 915 1.5.1 Power generation reservoir capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 868 1.5.2 Water loss reserve capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 47 1.5.3 Storage capacity margin coefficient 5％ 2 Lower Reservoir 2.1 Normal water level m 547 2.2 Normal water storage capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 1244 2.3 Dead water level m 518 2.4 Dead storage capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 328 2.5 Adjust storage capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 916 2.5.1 Power generation reservoir capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 868 2.5.2 Water loss reserve capacity <![CDATA[Ten thousand m 3 > 48 2.5.3 Storage capacity margin coefficient 5％ 3 power station 3.1 Installed capacity MW 1200 3.2 Energy storage 10,000 kWh 720 3.3 Continuous full-load hours h 6 3.4 Maximum head (unloaded) m 407.9 3.5 minimum head m 343.1 3.6 Maximum head m 412.9 3.7 Minimum head m 356.8 3.8 Maximum head / Minimum head 1.203

[0164] The water level iteration process is as follows:

[0165] (1) Initial water level:

[0166] The upper reservoir has a normal water level of 929m (upper limit of normal water level), a dead water level of 900m (upper limit of dead storage capacity), a power generation capacity of 9.95 million m3, and a storage capacity margin coefficient of 5%. The lower reservoir has a normal water level of 560m (upper limit of normal water level), a dead water level of 518m (upper limit of dead storage capacity), a power generation capacity of 12.08 million m3, and a storage capacity margin coefficient of 28%. The head-to-lift ratio is 1.259.

[0167] The lower reservoir's capacity margin coefficient did not meet the constraints. After multiple iterations of lowering the normal storage level of the lower reservoir (the upper reservoir's water level remained unchanged), a second version of the water level that satisfied the capacity margin constraints was obtained.

[0168] (2) Iterative water level:

[0169] The upper reservoir has a normal water level of 929m, a dead water level of 900m, a power generation capacity of 9.95 million m3, and a capacity margin coefficient of 5%. The lower reservoir has a normal water level of 551m, a dead water level of 518m, a power generation capacity of 10.41 million m3, and a capacity margin coefficient of 10%. The head-to-lift ratio is 1.226.

[0170] The head-to-lift ratio did not meet the constraints. Based on the power generation reservoir capacity, the normal water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs were lowered. After multiple iterations, the third version of the water level that met the head-to-lift ratio constraints was obtained:

[0171] (3) Iterative water level:

[0172] The upper reservoir has a normal water level of 926m, a dead water level of 900m, a power generation capacity of 8.68 million m3, and a capacity margin coefficient of 5%. The lower reservoir has a normal water level of 547m, a dead water level of 518m, a power generation capacity of 8.68 million m3, and a capacity margin coefficient of 5%. The head-to-lift ratio is 1.203.

[0173] All constraints are met, and this is the final solution.

[0174] The above specific implementation examples are used to explain and illustrate the present invention, and are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the present invention within the spirit and scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain basic information about the planned power plant; S2. Establish a mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of pumped storage power stations, taking into account the reserve reservoir capacity; S3. Iteratively solve the mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering backup reservoir capacity. S4. Compile and output the calculation results of the hydropower parameters of the pumped storage power station; In step S2, the mathematical model for optimizing the hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering the reserve reservoir capacity includes: the objective function and constraints. The objective function is as follows: The objective function is to maximize the installed capacity of the power plant. In the formula: For the installed capacity of the power station, To store energy for the power station This refers to the number of hours the power plant can operate at full capacity continuously. The specific constraints are as follows: (1) Normal water level constraint: In the formula: , These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; , This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. , These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs; (2) Dead water level constraint: In the formula: , These are the lower limits of the dead water levels in the upper and lower reservoirs; , This refers to the upper limit of the dead storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs; This represents the function for converting the water level and storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The input is the storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The corresponding reservoir water level can be calculated. ; This represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The lower reservoir capacity is input as the input. The corresponding water level of the lower reservoir can be calculated. ; (3) Head-to-lift ratio constraint: In the formula: , These represent the power station's maximum net head and minimum net head. This is the head-to-lift ratio control value; For the head-to-lift ratio limit difference, ; (4) Spare storage capacity constraint: In the formula: , This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs. , This serves as backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. , Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs; (5) Storage capacity margin coefficient constraint: In the formula: , These represent the lower and upper limits of the storage capacity margin coefficient. , These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses; (6) Reservoir capacity constraints for upper and lower reservoir regulation: In the formula: , To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, , The reservoir capacity is for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; , This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs. The specific steps of step S3 are as follows: S31. Given the initial normal water levels and dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs, calculate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs: In the formula: , This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. , These are the upper limits of the normal water storage levels for the upper and lower reservoirs; , These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; This represents the function for converting the water level and storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The input is the storage capacity of the upper reservoir. The corresponding reservoir water level can be calculated. ; This represents the function for converting the water level to the storage capacity of the lower reservoir. The lower reservoir capacity is input as the input. The corresponding water level of the lower reservoir can be calculated. ; This represents the inverse function for converting the upper reservoir's water level to its storage capacity. Input the upper reservoir's water level. The corresponding reservoir capacity can be calculated. ; This represents the inverse function for converting reservoir water level to storage capacity. Input the reservoir water level. The corresponding reservoir capacity can be calculated. ; S32. Iteratively allocate the regulating capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs to obtain the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs. , Backup storage capacity , and storage capacity margin coefficient , ; S33. Calculate the maximum net head and minimum net head of the planned power station: In the formula: , These represent the head increase corresponding to the maximum head and the head loss corresponding to the minimum head, respectively. , This represents the normal water storage level of both the upper and lower reservoirs. , These are the dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs; like Complete step S33; otherwise, adjust the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs to make... Proceed to step S32; In the formula: , These represent the power station's maximum net head and minimum net water head. This is the head-to-lift ratio control value; For the head-to-lift ratio limit difference, ; S34. Calculate the power station's energy storage capacity and installed capacity based on the selected normal water level and dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs. Step S32 specifically includes the following steps: S321. Calculate the power generation capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs: In the formula: , To regulate the storage capacity of the upper and lower reservoirs, , The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; , This serves as backup storage capacity for the upper and lower reservoirs in case of freezing. , Reserve storage capacity for water loss in the upper and lower reservoirs; , This serves as backup storage capacity for both the upper and lower reservoirs. S322. Calculate the reservoir capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower reservoirs: like ,but: , ; like ,but: , ; In the formula: , The reservoir capacity for power generation in the upper and lower reservoirs; , These are the storage capacity margin coefficients for the upper and lower warehouses; S323. For the reservoir with a larger power generation capacity between the upper and lower reservoirs, if the reservoir's capacity margin coefficient is not greater than... If the condition is met, skip step S323; otherwise, adjust the reservoir capacity margin coefficient by adjusting the normal or dead water levels of the upper and lower reservoirs. like This raises the dead water level of the upper reservoir until... ; like This will lower the normal water level of the lower reservoir until... .

2. The method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the basic information of the planned power station includes: the water level and reservoir capacity conversion function of the upper and lower reservoirs of the power station; the upper limit of the normal water level; the lower limit of the dead water level; the upper limit of the dead reservoir capacity; the frozen reserve capacity; the water loss reserve capacity; the upper and lower limits of the reservoir capacity margin coefficient; the power station head-to-lift ratio control value; and the number of consecutive full-load operating hours.

3. The method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S33, adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs is further as follows: like For reservoirs with large regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the dead storage capacity is less than the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the dead water level will be raised; if the dead storage capacity is equal to the upper limit of the dead storage capacity, the normal water level will be lowered. like For reservoirs with smaller regulating capacity in the upper and lower reservoirs: if the normal water level is lower than the upper limit of the normal water level, the normal water level will be raised; if the normal water level is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level, the dead water level will be lowered; if the normal water level of the reservoir is equal to the upper limit of the normal water level and the dead water level is equal to the lower limit of the dead water level, the dead water level of the other reservoir will be lowered.

4. The method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: When adjusting the normal water level or dead water level of the upper and lower reservoirs, the normal water level should always be controlled to not exceed the upper limit of the normal water level and be higher than the dead water level, the dead water level should not be lower than the lower limit of the dead water level, and the dead water capacity should be less than the upper limit of the dead water capacity.

5. The method for optimizing hydropower parameters of a pumped storage power station considering reserve reservoir capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the calculation results include: the normal water level of the upper reservoir. Dead water level Adjusting storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient and the normal water level of the lower reservoir Dead water level Adjusting storage capacity Power generation reservoir capacity Frozen storage capacity Water loss reserve capacity Storage capacity margin coefficient Average net head of power station Installed capacity Continuous full-load hours Head ratio .

Images