Protégé-based cable crane safe operation knowledge reuse method

Abstract

The application provides a cable machine safe operation knowledge reuse method based on Protégé, which comprises the following steps: step one, extracting relevant entity classes of each operation module of the cable machine; step two, introducing basic ontology modeling primitives, establishing a unified standardized ontology representation model, and constructing a knowledge representation five-tuple model based on the cable machine operation ontology; step three, taking Protégé as an ontology construction tool, using the OWL formal ontology description language in Protégé to structurally represent the cable machine safe operation process, and constructing an ontology knowledge base; step four, establishing a cable machine safe operation ontology evaluation standard; step five, constructing a cable machine operation three-dimensional scene model, then importing the model into a Unity3D engine, and designing an ontology reuse function structure framework; step six, based on existing fault and accident instances, and in view of the safety hazards existing in each entity of the cable machine, matching emergency plans are associated. The method realizes standardized representation of the cable machine safe operation knowledge, and realizes the purposes of knowledge transmission and knowledge reuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable crane operation knowledge management and reuse, and in particular to a method for reusing cable crane safety operation knowledge based on Protégé. Background Technology

[0002] Cable cranes, with their advantages of high production efficiency and wide operating range, are widely used in vertical transportation during dam construction. During cable crane operation, a large amount of multi-source heterogeneous safety knowledge data has accumulated in structured and unstructured forms, including technical specifications, construction videos, and expert experience. However, problems such as fragmented management, poor knowledge transfer, and low reuse efficiency severely restrict the representation and reuse of cable crane safety operation knowledge. There is an urgent need to leverage next-generation knowledge modeling and representation technologies to standardize the management of cable crane safety operation knowledge, helping operators to comprehensively and efficiently grasp business information and provide service support for safety decision-making. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reusing cable crane safety operation knowledge based on Protégé, so as to realize the standardized representation of cable crane safety operation knowledge, the effective management of cable crane operation knowledge, and the purpose of knowledge transfer and knowledge reuse.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Analyze the safety knowledge accumulated during the installation and maintenance of the cable crane, and extract the relevant entity classes of each operating module of the cable crane;

[0006] Step 2: Introduce basic ontology modeling meta-languages ​​including classes, relations, functions, axioms, and instances; establish a unified and standardized ontology representation model; and construct a five-tuple knowledge representation model based on the cable car operation ontology.

[0007] Step 3: Using Protégé as the ontology construction tool, a formal description of the cable crane's safe operation process is established. The OWL formal ontology description language in Protégé is used to structurally represent the cable crane's safe operation process, and an ontology knowledge base is built for three major areas: cable crane entities, safety early warning, and emergency plans.

[0008] Step 4: Quantitatively evaluate the ontology using the OntoQA ontology evaluation method, selecting class richness, attribute richness, and relation richness as ontology evaluation indicators for cable crane safe operation, and establish ontology evaluation standards for cable crane safe operation.

[0009] Step 5: Construct a 3D scene model of the cable car operation using 3ds Max software, then import the model into the Unity3D engine. Implement knowledge retrieval from the ontology knowledge base through the user interface design and interactive functions in the engine. Based on this, design the ontology reuse functional structure framework.

[0010] Step Six: Based on existing fault and accident examples, identify and match emergency plans for the safety hazards existing in each component of the cable crane.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, in step one, the cable crane entity is divided into primary structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, in step two, the five-tuple model representing the knowledge of the cable crane operation ontology is formally defined as follows:

[0013] CCO-Ontology=<CCO-Classes,CCO-Relations,CCO-Functions,CCO-Axioms,CCO-Instances>

[0014] In the formula, CCO-Classes represents the set of classes contained in the cable crane safety operation ontology; CCO-Relations represents the set of relationships between any two classes in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; CCO-Functions represents the set of functions in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; CCO-Axioms represents the objective axioms existing in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; and CCO-Instances represents the set of instances of the cable crane safety operation ontology model, which are specific objects of the classes.

[0015] The knowledge of safe operation of cable cranes involves three main areas: cable crane equipment maintenance, cable crane risk warning, and cable crane emergency plans. Each ontology class is composed of multiple entity classes (C1, C2, C3, ..., Cn), and the expression is as follows:

[0016] CCO-Classes = {C1, C2, C3, ..., C} n}

[0017] Following the principles of high cohesion and low coupling, the relationships between the various entity classes of the cable crane are determined one by one. The relationship expression of the cable crane operation ontology is as follows:

[0018] CCO-Relations={R(C1,C2)C1,C2∈Class}

[0019] In the formula, C1 and C2 represent any two entity classes in the cable crane safety operation ontology model. The relationships between cable crane equipment entity classes are divided into three categories: inheritance, possession, and action.

[0020] In the ontological function relationship of cable crane safe operation, the first n-1 classes in the cable crane entity ontology model can uniquely determine the nth class, as shown in the following expression:

[0021] CCO-Functions={C1×C2×…×Cn-1→Cn|Ci∈CCO-Classes∪CCO-Relations}

[0022] In the formula, C1, C2...Cn-1, and Cn are composed of cable car entity classes and the relationships between entity classes;

[0023] The collection of instances of the cable car entity represents the collection of specific instances involved in a certain entity class, expressed as follows:

[0024] CCO-Instances={I|C(I)∈CCO-Classes∪CCO-Relations}

[0025] In the formula, I represents a specific instance, which consists of the cable car entity class and the relationships between the entity classes;

[0026] By associating entity classes through inheritance, possession, and action relationships, and verifying these relationships through function and instance reasoning, fundamental axioms with practical logical and semantic reasoning capabilities are formed. Several axioms (A1, A2, A3, ..., A...) exist for the safe operation of cable cranes. n The specific expression is as follows:

[0027] CCO-Axioms=(A1,A2,A3...A n ).

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, step three, constructing the cable crane entity ontology knowledge base, includes three parts: extracting the cable crane operation entity class, defining entity class attributes, and constructing an instance set.

[0029] S1. Extract the relevant entity classes of the cable machine and establish the interrelationships between the entities of the cable machine;

[0030] S2. Define entity class attributes, including object-type attributes and data-type attributes;

[0031] S3. Construct a set of examples of safe operation of cable cranes, select typical accident examples, extract the significant features that accompany the accident and the relationship between related entity classes, and use this as a reference for formulating emergency plans.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, in step three, the cable crane safety early warning ontology knowledge base is constructed by analyzing common fault types and characteristics during the safe operation of the cable crane, and is divided into three core areas: equipment, process, and diagnosis. The equipment ontology is used to describe whether the cable crane equipment is in normal working condition, the process ontology is used to describe and record events that occur during the operation of the cable crane, and the diagnosis ontology is used to comprehensively describe the safety hazards existing during the operation of the cable crane and the typical characteristics accompanying faults and accidents.

[0033] In the preferred embodiment, in step three, the knowledge base of the cable crane operation emergency plan is constructed. The cable crane operation emergency plan is divided into two parts: object and process. On this basis, the emergency plan is further expanded into three parts: emergency event, emergency resource, and emergency organization.

[0034] In the preferred embodiment, the class richness expression in step four is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, C I C represents the number of classes that have instances in the ontology. N This represents the total number of classes in the ontology;

[0037] Attribute richness (A) R The calculation expression is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, A N C represents the number of attributes in the ontology. N Indicates the number of classes in the ontology;

[0040] Relationship richness (R) R The calculation expression is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, P N Indicates the number of parent-child relationships, O N This indicates the number of other types of relations in the ontology.

[0043] In the preferred embodiment, step five specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Based on the main body of cable crane safety operation, use 3Dmax software to establish a three-dimensional visualization model of cable crane safety operation scenario;

[0045] S2. Import the 3D model into the Unity3D engine, and design a visualization platform for the safe operation of the cable car through the UI design and interactive functions in the engine.

[0046] S3. The platform's search function enables the transfer and sharing of knowledge about the safe operation of cable cranes;

[0047] S4. In response to sudden accidents, highly reliable emergency plans can be quickly and accurately retrieved through a visualization platform;

[0048] S5. Leveraging the platform's high level of integration, inferring cable crane operational risks based on fault characteristics and issuing warnings to management personnel.

[0049] The present invention provides a method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. This invention addresses the large amount of multi-source heterogeneous structured and unstructured knowledge existing in the operation of cable cranes by establishing a five-tuple ontology representation model containing classes, relations, functions, axioms, and instances. Using a unified description method, it effectively achieves the standardized representation of knowledge related to the safe operation of cable cranes.

[0051] 2. This invention constructs an ontology knowledge base covering three major areas: cable crane entities, safety early warning, and emergency plans, effectively realizing efficient management of cable crane safety operation knowledge;

[0052] 3. This invention establishes a 3D visualization retrieval platform for cable crane safety operation based on an ontology knowledge base, effectively enabling efficient retrieval of cable crane entity classes and providing technical support for operation and maintenance, fault diagnosis, etc. Simultaneously, it can quickly respond to specific incidents and retrieve corresponding countermeasures.

[0053] 4. By constructing an ontology knowledge base for the safe operation of cable cranes, the purpose of knowledge transfer and reuse has been effectively achieved, providing convenient knowledge services for cable crane operators. Attached Figure Description

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0055] Figure 1 For entity class relationships;

[0056] Figure 2 Examples of equipment failures;

[0057] Figure 3 For cable crane entity ontology knowledge base;

[0058] Figure 4 A knowledge base for cable crane safety early warning;

[0059] Figure 5 This serves as the core knowledge base for emergency response plans for cable crane operations.

[0060] Figure 6 For ontology reuse process;

[0061] Figure 7 Initial interface for a 3D visualization platform for safe operation of cable cranes;

[0062] Figure 8 A knowledge retrieval interface for the safe operation structure of large vehicles;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a knowledge retrieval interface for traction trolley maintenance;

[0064] Figure 10 For cable crane operation fault analysis; Detailed Implementation

[0065] Combination Figures 1-10 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0066] A method for reusing knowledge of safe operation of cable cranes based on Protégé includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Analyze the extensive technical specifications, expert experience, and other safety knowledge accumulated during the installation and maintenance of the cable crane, and extract relevant entity classes such as the trolley running mechanism, traction mechanism, hoisting mechanism, and tensioning device.

[0068] In step one, the cable crane entity is divided into primary structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure.

[0069] The cable crane is composed of multiple mechanisms, including the trolley traveling mechanism, traction mechanism, hoisting mechanism, tensioning device, and hydraulic system. The safe operation of the cable crane involves a large amount of diverse, heterogeneous structured and unstructured knowledge, such as safety guidelines and construction experience, but lacks a unified description method, which is detrimental to the safety knowledge management during cable crane construction. Therefore, a unified standardized ontology representation model is needed. The core classes for cable crane safe operation extracted by combining expert experience and domain knowledge are shown in Table 1. Cable crane entity classes are divided into primary structural classes, secondary structural classes, etc., and there is a whole-part relationship between them. For example, the trolley traveling mechanism is a primary structural class, and its parts include three main secondary structural classes: the trolley wheel, the balance beam, and the brake; the trolley wheel further includes tertiary structural classes such as the wheel flange and tread thickness.

[0070] Table 1. Entities related to cable cranes

[0071]

[0072] Step 2: Introduce basic ontology modeling meta-languages ​​containing classes, relations, functions, axioms, and instances; establish a unified and standardized ontology representation model; and construct a five-tuple model of knowledge representation based on the cable car operation ontology.

[0073] The five-tuple model of knowledge representation based on the ontology of cable crane operation is formally defined as follows:

[0074] CCO-Ontology=<CCO-Classes,CCO-Relations,CCO-Functions,CCO-Axioms,CCO-Instances>

[0075] In the formula, CCO-Classes represents the set of classes contained in the cable crane safety operation ontology; CCO-Relations represents the set of relationships between any two classes in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; CCO-Functions represents the set of functions in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; CCO-Axioms represents the objective axioms existing in the cable crane safety operation ontology model; and CCO-Instances represents the set of instances of the cable crane safety operation ontology model, which are specific objects of the classes.

[0076] CCO-Ontology is an abbreviation for Cable Crane Ontology, which refers to the cable crane's operating body.

[0077] The knowledge of safe operation of cable cranes involves three main areas: cable crane equipment maintenance, cable crane risk warning, and cable crane emergency plans. Each ontology class is composed of multiple entity classes (C1, C2, C3, ..., Cn), and the expression is as follows:

[0078] CCO-Classes = {C1, C2, C3, ..., C} n}

[0079] The relationships between various entity classes are also a crucial part of constructing the cable crane's safe operation ontology. Following the principles of high cohesion and low coupling, the relationships between each entity class of the cable crane are determined one by one. The relationship expression for the cable crane operation ontology is as follows:

[0080] CCO-Relations={R(C1,C2)C1,C2∈Class}

[0081] In the formula, C1 and C2 represent any two entity classes in the cable crane safety operation ontology model. The relationships between cable crane equipment entity classes are divided into three categories: inheritance, possession, and action. Some basic relationships are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2. Some basic relationships between cable crane equipment entity categories.

[0083]

[0084] Functions are a special form of expression for relationships between classes. Through specific mapping relationships within functions, it is possible to deduce one class from one or more classes. In the functional relationships of the cable crane safety operation ontology, the first n-1 classes in the cable crane entity ontology model can uniquely determine the nth class, as shown in the following expression:

[0085] CCO-Functions={C1×C2×…×Cn-1→Cn|Ci∈CCO-Classes∪CCO-Relations}

[0086] In the formula, C1, C2...Cn-1, Cn are composed of cable crane entity classes and the relationships between these classes. When a cable crane experiences a sudden safety accident, appropriate emergency measures are quickly and accurately determined based on the location and type of the accident.

[0087] The collection of instances of the cable car entity represents the collection of specific instances involved in a certain entity class, expressed as follows:

[0088] CCO-Instances={I|C(I)∈CCO-Classes∪CCO-Relations}

[0089] In the formula, I represents a specific instance, which consists of cable crane entity classes and the relationships between entity classes. For example, in the case of a fault in the DC drive device of a cable crane hoisting system, the characteristic state of the fault, countermeasures, emergency organization, and emergency resources are recorded to provide a reference for the next similar fault.

[0090] By associating entity classes through inheritance, possession, and action relationships, and verifying these relationships through function and instance reasoning, fundamental axioms with practical logical and semantic reasoning capabilities are formed. Several axioms (A1, A2, A3, ..., A...) exist for the safe operation of cable cranes. n The specific expression is as follows:

[0091] CCO-Axioms=(A1,A2,A3...A n ).

[0092] Step 3: Using Protégé as the ontology construction tool, a formal description of the cable crane's safe operation process is established. The OWL (ontology web language) formal ontology description language in Protégé is used to structurally represent the cable crane's safe operation process, and an ontology knowledge base is built for three major domains: cable crane entities, safety early warning, and emergency plans.

[0093] Building a cable crane entity ontology knowledge base includes three parts: extracting cable crane operation entity classes, defining entity class attributes, and constructing instance sets. Specifically, the steps are as follows:

[0094] S1. Extract the relevant entity classes of the cable crane and establish the interrelationships between the various entities of the cable crane. For example... Figure 1As shown, secondary structural classes such as hooks, rope-laying devices, and drums form a part-whole relationship with the hoisting mechanism class. Similarly, brakes form a parent-child relationship with safety brakes and working brakes. These relationships between classes connect the entities, forming an organic whole.

[0095] S2. Define entity class attributes, including object-type attributes and data-type attributes. Object-type attributes represent relationships between two classes, such as a use-and-be-used relationship between an emergency resource class and an emergency personnel class. Some object-type attribute descriptions are shown in Table 3.

[0096] Table 3 Some Object Type Attributes

[0097]

[0098] Entity classes possess data-type attributes such as time, quantity, size, and dimensions. For example, in a record instance, the time of the accident, the number of emergency personnel, and the quantity of emergency resources are all considered as data-type attributes of the entity class. Some of these data-type attributes are shown in Table 4.

[0099] Table 4 shows some data attributes.

[0100]

[0101] S3. Construct a set of examples of safe operation of cable cranes, select typical accident examples, extract the salient features accompanying the accident and the relationships between related entity classes, and use this as a reference for formulating emergency plans. For example... Figure 2 The image shown is an example of a hoisting mechanism equipment failure.

[0102] The main entity classes involved in the cable crane operation process are extracted, and the relationships between these entity classes are refined. For example, there is a part-whole relationship between the load-bearing cable, cable head, wire rope backstop, and tensioning device. When the tensioning device malfunctions, it can be deduced that the fault may occur in one of these entities. By combining existing examples and expert experience, the specific location of the fault can be deduced. Based on this, a cable crane operation ontology knowledge base is constructed, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0103] The cable crane safety early warning ontology knowledge base is constructed by analyzing common fault types and characteristics during the safe operation of cable cranes, and is divided into three core areas: equipment, process, and diagnosis.

[0104] The equipment itself includes: cable crane equipment, protection devices, sensors, etc., used to describe whether the cable crane equipment is in normal working condition.

[0105] The process entity includes the operation process, maintenance monitoring, and operators, and is used to describe and record events that occur during the operation of the cable crane.

[0106] The diagnostic ontology includes definitions of risk types and fault characteristics, used to comprehensively describe the safety hazards present during cable crane operation and the typical characteristics accompanying faults and accidents. Some risk diagnostic knowledge categories during cable crane operation are shown in Table 5.

[0107] Table 5 Knowledge Categories for Cable Crane Operation Risk Diagnosis

[0108]

[0109] The ontology classes of the safety early warning ontology knowledge base are primarily extracted from instances. First, frequently occurring equipment entities in accident and maintenance instances are analyzed. The risk level of each entity class is determined based on its frequency; higher frequency indicates a higher risk level. Equipment entities with high risk levels are defined as the main entity classes in the cable crane safety early warning ontology knowledge base. Second, risk types are defined based on the accident's process and accompanying main characteristics. Finally, countermeasures are proposed and linked through ontology relationships. Based on this, the cable crane safety early warning ontology knowledge base is constructed as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0110] The knowledge base for the cable crane operation emergency plan is constructed. Considering the characteristics of cable crane operation emergency plans, the plan is divided into two parts: objects and processes. Based on this, the emergency plan is further expanded into three parts: emergency events, emergency resources, and emergency organizations. Through analysis of existing expert experience, research discussions, and accident examples during cable crane operation, the entity classes for the cable crane operation emergency plan are defined as shown in Table 6.

[0111] Table 6. Emergency Response Plans for Cable Crane Operation (Classification)

[0112]

[0113] An emergency event includes multiple sub-attributes such as event type, event environment, event time, and event location. An emergency organization refers to the relevant departments or personnel who specifically execute emergency actions. Emergency resources describe the materials, tools, and other resources used by relevant emergency personnel in emergency actions. Based on this, a knowledge base for cable crane operation emergency plans is constructed, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0114] Step 4: Quantitatively evaluate the ontology using the OntoQA ontology evaluation method, selecting class richness, attribute richness, and relation richness as ontology evaluation indicators for cable crane safety operation, and establish ontology evaluation standards for cable crane safety operation.

[0115] The class richness expression is as follows:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, C IC represents the number of classes that have instances in the ontology. N C represents the total number of classes in the ontology. R The closer the value is to 1, the higher the richness of the class and the more complete the constructed ontology.

[0118] To enhance retrieval accuracy, it is necessary to extract class attributes to the maximum extent possible. Attribute richness (A) R The calculation expression is as follows:

[0119]

[0120] In the formula, A N C represents the number of attributes in the ontology. N Indicates the number of classes in the ontology. A R The larger the value, the higher the attribute richness, indicating a more accurate ontology construction.

[0121] Richness of relationships between classes (R) R This effectively reflects the relationships between various entity classes, which is beneficial for reasoning about the safe operation of cable cranes. Relationship richness (R) R The calculation expression is as follows:

[0122]

[0123] In the formula, P N Indicates the number of parent-child relationships, O N Indicates the number of other types of relations in the ontology. R R The larger the value, the richer the relationship types.

[0124] As shown in Table 7, the completeness of the ontology can be reflected by the evaluation index values. Based on the values ​​of each index, the ontology can be iteratively optimized in a targeted manner.

[0125] Table 7 Calculation Results of Evaluation Indicators

[0126]

[0127] Step 5: Construct a 3D scene model of the cable car operation using 3ds Max software, then import the model into the Unity3D engine. Implement knowledge retrieval from the ontology knowledge base through the user interface design and interactive functions in the engine. Based on this, design the ontology reuse functional structure framework.

[0128] A 3D visualization and retrieval platform for cable crane safety knowledge was built based on Unity3D, enabling the reuse of the cable crane safety operation ontology, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0129] S1. Based on the cable crane's safe operation, a three-dimensional visualization model of the cable crane's safe operation scenario is established using 3Dmax software.

[0130] S2. Import the 3D model into the Unity3D engine, and design a visualization platform for the safe operation of the cable car through the UI design and interactive functions in the engine.

[0131] S3. The platform's search function enables the transfer and sharing of knowledge about the safe operation of cable cranes.

[0132] S4. In response to sudden accidents, highly reliable emergency plans can be quickly and accurately retrieved through a visualization platform.

[0133] S5. Leveraging the platform's high level of integration, inferring cable crane operational risks based on fault characteristics and issuing warnings to management personnel.

[0134] Step Six: Based on existing fault and accident examples, identify and match emergency plans for the safety hazards existing in each component of the cable crane.

[0135] Build a visual knowledge retrieval platform for the safe operation of cable cranes, such as Figure 7 As shown, the initial interface includes equipment structure data, basic working principles of the cable crane, operation and maintenance knowledge, and the main directory contains the main operating mechanisms of the cable crane. Clicking the button will take you to the relevant search for that mechanism. Figure 8 The display shows relevant knowledge about the trolley operating mechanism. By searching for the trolley operating mechanism, users can quickly and accurately find the corresponding secondary and tertiary entity classes, as well as related knowledge and data for each entity. Simultaneously, based on the relationships within the ontology knowledge base, the display shows the safety hazards and potential fault locations of this part of the entity, allowing for quick and accurate retrieval of matching emergency plans.

[0136] Figure 9 and Figure 10 This paper takes a fault in the DC drive system of a cable crane as an example to illustrate the fault analysis and diagnosis process. Management personnel checked historical status records and compared them with past fault examples one by one (if similar characteristics were found, targeted checks were performed) to determine the type of emergency event. Based on the retrieved emergency plan, the AC incoming line and DC output circuit were tested first. It was found that the DC drive system was tripping protectively. Simultaneously, the current and voltage of the three-phase AC incoming line of the DC drive system and the DC motor armature circuit were monitored and data collected. It was determined that the main cause of the cable crane hoisting mechanism system failure was the fluctuation of the AC incoming power supply, which damaged the transistors.

[0137] To address the large amount of multi-source, heterogeneous structured and unstructured knowledge existing in cable crane operation, a five-tuple ontology representation model including classes, relations, functions, axioms, and instances is established. Using a unified description method, this effectively standardizes the representation of cable crane safety operation knowledge. An ontology knowledge base is constructed covering three major domains: cable crane entities, safety early warning, and emergency plans, effectively managing cable crane safety operation knowledge. Based on this ontology knowledge base, a 3D visualization retrieval platform for cable crane safety operation is established, enabling efficient retrieval of cable crane entity classes. This allows for rapid response to specific accidents, retrieving corresponding countermeasures and providing technical support for operation and maintenance, fault diagnosis, and other aspects. By constructing an ontology knowledge base for cable crane safety operation, the goals of knowledge transfer and reuse are effectively achieved, providing convenient knowledge services for cable crane operators.

Claims

1. A method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Analyze the safety knowledge accumulated during the installation and maintenance of the cable crane, and extract the relevant entity classes of each operating module of the cable crane; Step 2: Introduce basic ontology modeling meta-terms including classes, relations, functions, axioms, and instances; establish a unified and standardized ontology representation model; and construct a five-tuple model of knowledge representation based on the cable car operation ontology, formally defined as follows: ； In the formula, This represents the collection of classes contained in the ontology of safe operation of the cable crane; This represents the set of relationships between any two classes in the ontology model of safe operation of cable cranes. This represents the set of functions in the ontology model of safe operation of cable cranes; This represents the objective axioms existing in the ontological model of safe operation of cable cranes; This represents a collection of instances of the ontology model for the safe operation of cable cranes, and is a concrete object of the class. The knowledge of safe operation of cable cranes involves three main areas: cable crane equipment maintenance, cable crane risk warning, and cable crane emergency plans. Each ontology class is composed of multiple entity classes (C1, C2, C3, ..., Cn), and the expression is as follows: ； Following the principles of high cohesion and low coupling, the relationships between each entity class of the cable crane are determined one by one. The relationship expression of the cable crane operation ontology is as follows: ； In the formula, C1 and C2 represent any two entity classes in the cable crane safety operation ontology model. The relationships between cable crane equipment entity classes are divided into three categories: inheritance, possession, and action. In the ontological function relationship of cable crane safe operation, the first n-1 classes in the cable crane entity ontology model can uniquely determine the nth class, as shown in the following expression: ； In the formula, C1, C2...Cn-1, and Cn are composed of cable car entity classes and the relationships between entity classes; The set of instances of the cable car entity represents the collection of specific instances involved in a certain entity class, expressed as follows: ； In the formula, I A specific instance is represented by a cable crane entity class and the relationships between the entity classes. By associating entity classes through inheritance, possession, and actions, and verifying these associations through function and instance reasoning, fundamental axioms with practical logical and semantic reasoning capabilities are formed. Several axioms (A1, A2, A3, ..., A...) exist during the safe operation of the cable car. n The specific expression is as follows: ； Step 3: Using Protégé as the ontology construction tool, a formal description of the cable crane's safe operation process is established. The OWL formal ontology description language in Protégé is used to structurally represent the cable crane's safe operation process, and an ontology knowledge base is built for three major areas: cable crane entities, safety early warning, and emergency plans. Step 4: Quantitatively evaluate the ontology using the OntoQA ontology evaluation method, selecting class richness, attribute richness, and relation richness as ontology evaluation indicators for cable crane safe operation, and establish ontology evaluation standards for cable crane safe operation. Step 5: Construct a 3D scene model of the cable car operation using 3ds Max software, then import the model into the Unity3D engine. Implement knowledge retrieval from the ontology knowledge base through the user interface design and interactive functions in the engine, and design the ontology reuse function structure framework. Step Six: Based on existing fault and accident examples, identify and match corresponding emergency plans for the safety hazards existing in each component of the cable crane.

2. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the cable crane entity is divided into primary structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure.

3. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step three involves constructing a cable crane entity ontology knowledge base, which includes three parts: extracting cable crane operation entity classes, defining entity class attributes, and constructing an instance set. S1. Extract the relevant entity classes of the cable machine and establish the interrelationships between the entities of the cable machine; S2. Define entity class attributes, including object-type attributes and data-type attributes; S3. Construct a set of examples of safe operation of cable cranes, select typical accident examples, extract the significant features that accompany the accident and the relationship between related entity classes, and use this as a reference for formulating emergency plans.

4. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the cable crane safety early warning ontology knowledge base is constructed by analyzing common fault types and characteristics during the safe operation of the cable crane, and is divided into three core areas: equipment, process, and diagnosis. The equipment ontology is used to describe whether the cable crane equipment is in normal working condition, the process ontology is used to describe and record the events that occur during the operation of the cable crane, and the diagnosis ontology is used to comprehensively describe the safety hazards existing in the operation of the cable crane and the typical characteristics that accompany the faults and accidents.

5. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the knowledge base of the cable crane operation emergency plan is constructed. The cable crane operation emergency plan is divided into two parts: object and process. On this basis, the emergency plan is further expanded into three parts: emergency event, emergency resource, and emergency organization.

6. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the class richness expression is as follows: ； In the formula, C I C represents the number of classes that have instances in the ontology. N This represents the total number of classes in the ontology; Attribute richness A R The calculation expression is as follows: ； In the formula, A N C represents the number of attributes in the ontology. N Indicates the number of classes in the ontology; Relationship richness R R The calculation expression is as follows: ； In the formula, P N Indicates the number of parent-child relationships, O N This indicates the number of other types of relations in the ontology.

7. The method for reusing knowledge of cable crane safety operation based on Protégé according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps in step five are as follows: S1. Based on the main body of cable crane safety operation, use 3Dmax software to establish a three-dimensional visualization model of cable crane safety operation scenario; S2. Import the 3D model into the Unity3D engine, and design a visualization platform for the safe operation of the cable car through the UI design and interactive functions in the engine. S3. The platform's search function enables the transfer and sharing of knowledge about the safe operation of cable cranes; S4. In response to sudden accidents, highly reliable emergency plans can be quickly and accurately retrieved through a visualization platform; S5. Leveraging the platform's high level of integration, inferring cable crane operational risks based on fault characteristics and issuing warnings to management personnel.

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