A kind of unhooking lifting appliance for steel structure beam hoisting
The automatic centering and unhooking functions of the detachable lifting device solve the imbalance and safety problems in the beam hoisting process, achieving efficient and safe beam hoisting.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 杭萧钢构(洛阳)有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing method of beam hoisting has the problem of imbalance that is difficult to eliminate, the hoisting process is unsafe and time-consuming, and the hoisting equipment cannot automatically detach.
It adopts a detachable lifting device, including a plate, turntable, reel, pull rope and synchronous rotation mechanism. Automatic centering and hooking are achieved through the cooperation of the slide and the upper wing plate, and automatic unhooking is achieved by using ratchet and pawl.
It achieves automatic centering and automatic unhooking during the beam hoisting process, improving safety and efficiency, reducing manual intervention, and is suitable for hoisting beams of different lengths.
Smart Images
Figure CN117486061B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure construction, and in particular to a detachable lifting device for hoisting steel beams. Background Technology
[0002] The frame of a steel structure building is constructed from columns and beams. H-beams are typically used for both the columns and beams due to their advantages such as high bending resistance, lightweight construction, and ease of connection. The columns and beams are connected by bolts, and the beams need to be lifted horizontally during installation.
[0003] Figure 1 This diagram shows the hoisting installation of the existing crossbeam. Figure 1 As can be seen, although the crossbeam 100 is a long rod with a uniform cross-section, it is still difficult for the two lifting ropes 80 to properly suspend it at its center of gravity, resulting in a deviation between the lifting center of the hook 90 and the center of gravity of the crossbeam 100. Even a small deviation can cause the crossbeam to tilt, and a large deviation could even cause the crossbeam to fall. Therefore, during lifting, two construction workers need to use ropes to pull on both ends of the crossbeam to eliminate the imbalance. Otherwise, the connecting holes at both ends of the crossbeam cannot be aligned with the connecting holes on the column, leading to installation difficulties.
[0004] In addition, after the crossbeam is installed, the existing lifting equipment has a problem with not automatically disengaging the hook. Construction workers need to climb to a height to remove the lifting rope from the hook.
[0005] In summary, the existing methods of beam hoisting are not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also very unsafe. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a detachable lifting device for beam hoisting, the purpose of which is: 1. Achieve horizontal lifting and eliminate the imbalance of the crossbeam during lifting; 2. Achieve automatic unhooking and eliminate unsafe factors.
[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A detachable lifting device for hoisting beams, comprising: The plate body is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the upper flange of the crossbeam; The hoisting rope is connected to the board. The turntable is mounted on the plate and has a pawl, a drive pulley and two rope holes. The two rope holes are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the turntable. A torsion spring is installed between the turntable and the plate to apply torque to the turntable; The winding reel is coaxially mounted on the turntable, and has a rope winding disc and a ratchet on it; the ratchet engages with the pawl, and the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet is the same as the direction in which the torsion spring applies torque to the turntable; The pull rope is wound around the take-up reel in the middle, and its two exit rope sections have the same length; the two exit rope sections pass through two rope holes respectively, and hooks are fixed at the ends of the exit rope sections. The synchronous rotation mechanism includes a synchronous belt and four rotating hooks; the rotating hooks are mounted on the plate, and a driven pulley and a hook plate are provided on the rotating hooks. The driven pulley is connected to the driving pulley through the synchronous belt. When the two hooks are hooked onto the two ends of the crossbeam, the four rotating hooks are driven to rotate synchronously by the pull rope and turntable, so that the hook plate rotates to the hook position; when the hooks are removed, the four rotating hooks rotate in opposite directions under the action of the torsion spring, so that the hook plate rotates to the unhooking position.
[0008] Further improvements to the technical solution include installing the turntable at the center of the plate and mounting four rotating hooks in a rectangular array at the four corners of the turntable.
[0009] A further improvement to the technical solution involves installing a tensioning wheel on the plate, which is used to tension the synchronous belt.
[0010] To further improve the technical solution, a limiting block is fixed on the plate. The limiting block is used to limit the rotation angle of the rotating hook.
[0011] To further improve the technical solution, the rope reel is provided with a radial through hole, the pull rope passes through the radial through hole, and the midpoint of the pull rope is fixed to the center line of the rope reel by a wire clamp.
[0012] Further improvements to the technical solution include a center distance between the two rope holes that is greater than the diameter of the driving pulley, and a diameter of the driving pulley that is greater than the diameter of the driven pulley.
[0013] To further improve the technical solution, a rod is fixed on the turntable, with the center of the rod located on the center line of the turntable, and two rope holes are located at both ends of the rod.
[0014] A method for hoisting a crossbeam includes the following steps: S1: Place the detachable lifting device on the crossbeam, and allow it to slide along the crossbeam through the cooperation of the sliding groove and the upper flange. S2: Hook the two hooks onto the two ends of the crossbeam respectively; if the rope is not long enough, disengage the pawl from the ratchet and release the rope from the reel. S3: Assume the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet is clockwise; rotate the winding reel clockwise, causing the four rotating hooks to rotate counterclockwise synchronously until they reach the hook position; then, use a crane to lift the crossbeam horizontally; S4: After the crossbeam is installed in place, loosen the hoisting rope using the crane and then remove the two hooks; at this time, the four rotating hooks rotate clockwise to reach the unhooking position; finally, use the crane to lift the unhooking lifting device away from the crossbeam.
[0015] After implementing the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this detachable crane has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The turntable, reel, and pull rope constitute an automatic centering mechanism. By hooking the two hooks onto the two ends of the crossbeam, the lifting device can automatically move to the center of the crossbeam. In this way, the center of gravity of the hooks coincides with the center of gravity of the crossbeam, fundamentally solving the problem of the crossbeam easily becoming skewed during lifting and creating conditions for the alignment of the connecting holes.
[0016] 2. During the alignment process, this lifting device also automatically hooks onto the crossbeam.
[0017] 3. After removing the hook, this lifting device can automatically detach. It is worth noting that when installing the crossbeam, workers need to work at height to connect the bolts to the connection holes between the crossbeam and the column. After installation, workers can easily remove the hook from the end of the crossbeam. Therefore, the detachment operation of this lifting device does not require additional labor or time, and eliminates potential safety hazards.
[0018] 4. This lifting tool is also suitable for lifting beams of different lengths. When the beam is too long, the pull rope can be released from the reel by disengaging the pawl; when the beam is too short, the pull rope can be wound up through the reel.
[0019] 5. In addition to winding up the rope, the reel has two other functions: first, it ensures that the hook plate rotates into place; second, it increases the torque of the torsion spring, providing sufficient power for the unhooking action. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the hoisting of the existing crossbeam.
[0021] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the overall structure of this detachable crane.
[0022] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic of the main structure of this detachable crane.
[0023] Figure 4 What is shown is Figure 3 Exploded view.
[0024] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the front of the plate.
[0025] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the back of the plate.
[0026] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the turntable and torsion spring.
[0027] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the winding reel from one perspective.
[0028] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the winding reel from another perspective.
[0029] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic of the rotating hook.
[0030] Figure 11 The diagram shows the hook plate in the unhooked position.
[0031] Figure 12 The diagram shows the hook plate in the hook position.
[0032] Figure 13 The diagram shows the connection structure between the columns and beams.
[0033] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of this detachable lifting device before hoisting.
[0034] Figure 15 The diagram shows the structure of this detachable lifting device when lifting a crossbeam.
[0035] Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic of the detachable lifting device after it is unhooked.
[0036] In the picture: 10. Plate body; 11. Slide groove; 12. Limiting block; 13. Rope guide plate; 14. Lifting lug; 15. Tensioning wheel; 16. Stepped hole; 20. Turntable; 21. Drive pulley; 22. Pawl; 23. Rod; 24. Rope hole; 30. Winding reel; 31. Rope reel; 32. Ratchet; 33. Handwheel; 34. Rope clamp; 40. Torsion spring; 50. Pull rope; 51. Hook; 60. Rotating hook; 61. Driven pulley; 62. Hook plate; 70. Synchronous belt; 80. Suspension rope; 90. Lifting hook; 100. Crossbeam; 101. Upper flange; 102. Web; 103. Lower flange; 104. Connecting hole; 200. Column. Detailed Implementation
[0037] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is merely for ease of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] like Figure 2-4 As shown, a detachable lifting device for beam hoisting includes a plate 10, a turntable 20, a torsion spring 40, a winding reel 30, a pull rope 50, a lifting rope 80, and a synchronous rotation mechanism. Its structure and function are described in detail below.
[0039] Reference Figure 5 The plate 10 is a long strip of steel plate. On the front of the plate 10, there are two rope guide plates 13, four tensioning wheels 15, and four lifting lugs 14 for connecting the lifting rope 80. A stepped hole 16 is provided in the center of the plate 10. The lifting lugs 14, rope guide plates 13, and tensioning wheels 15 are all symmetrically arranged about the center of the stepped hole 16.
[0040] Reference Figure 6 A sliding groove 11 is provided on the back of the plate 10, and the sliding groove 11 is arranged along the length direction of the plate 10. The sliding groove 11 cooperates with the upper flange 101 of the crossbeam 100, allowing the plate 10 to slide along the crossbeam 100. Four limiting blocks 12 are also fixed on the back of the plate 10.
[0041] Reference Figure 7The main body of the turntable 20 is a rotating body, and it is equipped with a pawl 22, a drive pulley 21, and a lever 23. The center of the lever 23 coincides with the center of the turntable 20. Two rope holes 24 are provided at both ends of the lever 23, symmetrically arranged about the center line of the turntable 20, and the distance from the two rope holes 24 to the center of the turntable 20 is equal. The function of the lever 23 is to increase the distance from the two rope holes 24 to the center of the turntable 20 without increasing the diameter of the turntable body. The pawl 22 is mounted on the upper surface of the turntable 20, and a spring is provided between the pawl 22 and the turntable 20. A torsion spring 40 is provided on the lower surface of the turntable 20.
[0042] Reference Figure 3-5 The turntable 20 is rotatably mounted within the stepped hole 16, and a torsion spring 40 is installed between the turntable 20 and the stepped hole 16. One end of the torsion spring 40 is fixed to the turntable 20, and the other end is fixed within the stepped hole 16. The function of the torsion spring 40 is to apply torque to the turntable 20. In this embodiment, the direction in which the torsion spring 40 applies torque to the turntable 20 is clockwise.
[0043] Reference Figure 8-9 The main body of the take-up reel 30 is also a rotating body, and a rope winding disc 31 and a ratchet 32 are coaxially arranged on the take-up reel 30. The middle part of the pull rope 50 is wound around the rope winding disc 31, so that the pull rope 50 has two rope exit sections. The function of the rope winding disc 31 is to wind up and unwind the pull rope 50 so that the rope exit lengths of the two rope exit sections are the same.
[0044] Specifically, a radial through hole is provided on the winding reel 31, and the pull rope 50 passes through the radial through hole. The midpoint of the pull rope 50 is fixed to the center line of the winding reel 31 by a rope clamp 34. In this way, rotating the winding reel 30 can wind up and unwind the pull rope 50 by the same length, ensuring that the two rope output sections are of the same length. The pull rope 50 can be made of thin steel wire rope or nylon rope with high tensile strength. For easy rotation, a handwheel 33 is also provided on the winding reel 30.
[0045] Reference Figure 3-4 The take-up reel 30 is coaxially mounted on the turntable 20, and a ratchet 32 engages with a pawl 22. Under the action of a torsion spring, the ratchet 32 and pawl 22 enable the take-up reel 30 to rotate unidirectionally relative to the turntable 20. It is worth noting that the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 32 is the same as the direction in which the torsion spring 40 applies torque to the turntable 20. In this embodiment, the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 32 is also clockwise.
[0046] Reference Figure 2-4The rope guide plate 13 has through holes. The two rope sections pass through the two rope holes 24 on the rod 23, and then through the two through holes on the rope guide plate 13. A hook 51 is fixed to the end of each rope section. The rope guide plate 13 serves two purposes: first, to adjust the exit angle of the pull rope 50; and second, to allow the hook 51 to be secured to the rope guide plate 13 after the pull rope 50 is wound up, making it easy to store.
[0047] It is worth noting that the rope passage hole 24 is not the only implementation. Fixed pulleys can also be installed at both ends of the rod 23, with the two rope sections passing over the two fixed pulleys before passing through the through holes on the two rope passage plates 13. Fixed pulleys can reduce the resistance of the rope during winding and unwinding, but this reduction in resistance can cause the rope 50 wound on the rope reel 31 to unravel, increasing the unreliability factor during use. Although the rope passage hole 24 increases the resistance of the rope during winding and unwinding, the rope 50 on the rope reel 31 is kept taut, preventing the rope from unraveling.
[0048] Reference Figure 3-4 The synchronous rotation mechanism includes a synchronous belt 70 and four rotating hooks 60, which are arranged in a rectangular array at the four corners of the plate 10. Four tensioning pulleys 15 are arranged around the turntable 20. The tensioning pulleys 15 have two functions: first, to increase the wrap angle of the synchronous belt 70 on the drive pulley 21; and second, to tension the synchronous belt 70.
[0049] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 10 The rotating hook 60 is equipped with a driven pulley 61 and a hook plate 62, which is used to hook the crossbeam 100. The driven pulley 61 is connected to the driving pulley 21 through a synchronous belt 70. When the turntable 20 rotates, it drives the four rotating hooks 60 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction through the synchronous belt 70.
[0050] In this embodiment, the diameter of the driving pulley 21 is twice the diameter of the driven pulley 61. The turntable 20 rotates 90°, and the rotating hook 60 rotates 180°. The rotating hook 60 has two positions: one is the hooking position where the hook plate 62 faces the slide groove 11, and the other is the unhooking position where the hook plate 62 faces away from the slide groove 11.
[0051] Reference Figure 11 When the turntable 20 rotates to this position, the hook plate 62 touches the limit block 12 and stops at the unhooked position.
[0052] Reference Figure 12 When the turntable 20 rotates to this position, the hook plate 62 touches the limit block 12 and stops at the hook position.
[0053] Depend on Figure 11-12It can be seen that when the hook plate 62 is in the unhooked position, the distance between the two hooks 51 is small; when the hook plate 62 is in the hooked position, the distance between the two hooks 51 is large. Therefore, during hoisting, by hooking the two hooks 51 onto both ends of the crossbeam 100, and driving the four rotating hooks 60 to rotate synchronously via the pull rope 50 and turntable 20, the hook plate 62 can rotate from the unhooked position to the hooked position, hooking the crossbeam 100. During unhooking, the hooks 51 are removed, and under the action of the torsion spring 40, the four rotating hooks 60 rotate in opposite directions, causing the hook plate 62 to rotate from the hooked position to the unhooked position, detaching from the crossbeam 100.
[0054] To further illustrate the lifting process of this lifting device, the present invention also discloses a lifting method for the crossbeam 100, which includes the following steps: S1: Before hoisting, place the detachable lifting device on the crossbeam 100. Through the cooperation of the sliding groove 11 and the upper flange 101, the detachable lifting device can slide along the crossbeam 100.
[0055] First, refer to Figure 13 In the field of steel structure construction, H-beams are typically used for columns 200 and beams 100. The H-beams are welded from an upper flange 101, a web 102, and a lower flange 103. Connecting holes 104 are arrayed on the connection nodes of the columns 200 and the web 102 of the beams 100. To ensure that all connecting holes 104 are aligned, an adjustment gap of 10-15mm is generally maintained between the end face of the beam 100 and the column 200. Because of this adjustment gap, hooks 51 can be removed from the end face of the upper flange 101, and the presence of hooks 51 does not affect the installation of the beams 100.
[0056] Reference Figure 14 .Depend on Figure 14 It can be seen that the lifting device is not placed in the middle of the crossbeam 100. Under the action of the torsion spring 40 and the turntable 20, the pull rope 50 is in a pulled-back state, and the distance between the two hooks 51 is less than the length of the crossbeam 100.
[0057] S2: Hook the two hooks 51 onto the two ends of the crossbeam 100 respectively.
[0058] Reference Figure 15 .Depend on Figure 15 It can be seen that during the process of pulling the hook 51 to hook the crossbeam 100, the turntable 20 is rotated 90° counterclockwise by the pull rope 50, and the lifting device moves to the middle position of the crossbeam 100.
[0059] Because the two rope holes 24 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the turntable 20, the turntable 20, the reel 30, and the pull rope 50 constitute an automatic centering mechanism. During the pulling of the hook 51, both sections of the pull rope 50 are pulled outwards synchronously, and the distances from the two hooks 51 to the center of the turntable 20 are the same. When the two hooks 51 are respectively hooked at both ends of the crossbeam 100, the center of the lifting device automatically moves to the middle position (center of gravity) of the crossbeam 100. In this way, the lifting center of the hook 90 coincides with the center of gravity of the crossbeam 100, achieving centering and fundamentally solving the problem of the crossbeam 100 easily becoming skewed during lifting.
[0060] Continue to refer to Figure 11-12 Note: Due to the reversed view direction, turntable 20 is... Figure 11-12 The rotation direction is clockwise. Figure 11-12 As can be seen, during the centering process, the rotating hook 60 rotates 180° clockwise, and the hook plate 62 moves from the unhooking position to the hooking position, hooking onto the bottom of the upper wing plate 101, thus automatically hooking onto the crossbeam 100.
[0061] If the pull rope 50 is not long enough, disengage the pawl 22 from the ratchet 32, and then rotate the winding reel 30 counterclockwise to release a section of the pull rope 50 from the winding reel 31.
[0062] S3: Assume that the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 32 is clockwise. Rotating the winding reel 30 clockwise will drive the four rotating hooks 60 to rotate counterclockwise in sync until they reach the hook position.
[0063] Since the crossbeams 100 vary in length, it's possible that after hooking the hook 51 onto the crossbeam 100, the pull rope 50 may be too long to rotate the turntable 20 counterclockwise, or the rotation angle may be too small, preventing the hook plate 62 from rotating to the hook position. In this case, the winding reel 30 needs to be rotated clockwise.
[0064] The clockwise rotation of the take-up reel 30 serves two purposes: first, it winds up the pull rope 50, causing the turntable 20 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, ensuring that the hook plate 62 can reach the hooking position; second, it increases the torque of the torsion spring 40 on the turntable 20, reserving sufficient power for the subsequent unhooking action. Because the ratchet 32 and pawl 22 work together, the take-up reel 30 can rotate unidirectionally relative to the turntable 20, therefore, the take-up reel 30 will not reverse direction when released.
[0065] Then, the crossbeam 100 is lifted by a crane. Since the center of gravity of the hook 90 coincides with the center of gravity of the crossbeam 100, the crossbeam 100 remains horizontal during the lifting process and will not tilt.
[0066] S4: After installation, remove the two hooks 51.
[0067] Reference Figure 16 After the crossbeam 100 is hoisted into place, the construction workers fix the bolts into the connecting holes 104, completing the installation of the crossbeam 100. Since the hook 51 may also bear the lifting force of the crane, the hoisting rope 80 can be loosened appropriately by the crane. Then, the construction workers can easily remove the hook 51 from the end of the crossbeam 100.
[0068] After hook 51 is removed from beam 100, the tension of rope 50 on turntable 20 disappears. Under the action of torsion spring 40, turntable 20 rotates 90° clockwise, causing the four rotating hooks 60 to rotate 180° clockwise. At this time, hook plate 62 moves from the hooked position to the unhooked position, disengaging from the hook on beam 100, thus achieving automatic unhooking. Finally, the lifting device is lifted off beam 100 by a crane, completing the lifting operation.
[0069] The pull rope 50 extends a long length, which is not conducive to on-site management. Therefore, when not in use, the pull rope 50 can be wound up using the reel 30, and the hook 51 can be secured to the rope guide plate 13.
[0070] The parts not detailed herein are prior art. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A detachable lifting device for hoisting steel structure beams, characterized in that it comprises: The plate body is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the upper flange of the crossbeam; The hoisting rope is connected to the board. The turntable is mounted on the plate and has a pawl, a drive pulley and two rope holes. The two rope holes are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the turntable. A torsion spring is installed between the turntable and the plate to apply torque to the turntable; The winding reel is coaxially mounted on the turntable, and has a rope winding disc and a ratchet on it; the ratchet engages with the pawl, and the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet is the same as the direction in which the torsion spring applies torque to the turntable; The pull rope is wound around the take-up reel in the middle, and its two exit rope sections have the same length; the two exit rope sections pass through two rope holes respectively, and hooks are fixed at the ends of the exit rope sections. The synchronous rotation mechanism includes a synchronous belt and four rotating hooks; the rotating hooks are mounted on the plate, and a driven pulley and a hook plate are provided on the rotating hooks. The driven pulley is connected to the driving pulley through the synchronous belt. When the two hooks are hooked onto the two ends of the crossbeam, the four rotating hooks are driven to rotate synchronously by the pull rope and turntable, so that the hook plate rotates to the hook position; when the hooks are removed, the four rotating hooks rotate in opposite directions under the action of the torsion spring, so that the hook plate rotates to the unhooking position.
2. The detachable lifting device for hoisting steel structure beams as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable is installed in the center of the plate, and four rotating hooks are installed in a rectangular array at the four corners of the turntable.
3. The dehookable lifting device for lifting steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tensioning wheel is installed on the plate, which is used to tension the timing belt.
4. The dehookable lifting device for lifting steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit block is fixed on the plate. The limit block is used to limit the rotation angle of the rotating hook.
5. The dehookable lifting device for lifting steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rope reel has a radial through hole, through which the pull rope passes, and the midpoint of the pull rope is fixed to the center line of the rope reel by a wire clamp.
6. The dehookable lifting device for lifting steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center distance between the two rope holes is greater than the diameter of the driving pulley, and the diameter of the driving pulley is greater than the diameter of the driven pulley.
7. The dehookable lifting device for lifting steel beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rod is fixed on the turntable, with the center of the rod located on the center line of the turntable, and two rope holes are located at both ends of the rod.
8. A method of hoisting a beam for use in a hook- releaseable spreader as claimed in claim 1, characterised by: Includes the following steps: S1: Place the detachable lifting device on the crossbeam, and allow it to slide along the crossbeam through the cooperation of the sliding groove and the upper flange. S2: Hook the two hooks onto the two ends of the crossbeam respectively; if the rope is not long enough, disengage the pawl from the ratchet and release the rope from the reel. S3: Assume the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet is clockwise; rotate the winding reel clockwise, causing the four rotating hooks to rotate counterclockwise synchronously until they reach the hook position; then, use a crane to lift the crossbeam horizontally; S4: After the crossbeam is installed in place, loosen the hoisting rope using the crane and then remove the two hooks; at this time, the four rotating hooks rotate clockwise to reach the unhooking position; finally, use the crane to lift the unhooking lifting device away from the crossbeam.