Electron beam cold hearth furnace

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of metal smelting, and discloses an electron beam cold hearth furnace, which comprises a cold hearth furnace body, an electron gun system, a feeding system, a drag-in system and a crystallizer, the feeding system comprises a feeding support, a moving cross beam, a hollow driving disc and a three-jaw chuck, the moving cross beam is slidingly arranged on the feeding support and moves along the height direction of the feeding support, the bottom of the moving cross beam is rotationally provided with an electrode disc, the electrode disc is coaxially connected with an electrode rod, the end of the electrode rod away from the electrode disc is fixedly arranged in the inner wall of the three-jaw chuck, the hollow driving disc is located between the electrode disc and the three-jaw chuck, and the hollow driving disc is rotationally arranged on the feeding support, the inner wall of the hollow driving disc is provided with a plurality of abutting blocks, and the abutting blocks move along the radial direction of the hollow driving disc. The rotation freedom is increased, the circumference direction of the rod is sequentially contacted with the electron beam to be melted, the contact area of the rod and the electron beam is increased, the melting efficiency is improved, and the melting of the rod is more thorough.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, specifically to an electron beam cold hearth furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Cold hearth furnace melting (CHM) is an advanced melting technology that began to develop in the 1980s. It is an important means of producing high-quality ingots of titanium, superalloys, and refractory metals. Cold hearth furnace melting includes two types: electron beam cold hearth furnace melting and plasma cold hearth furnace melting. Electron beam cold hearth furnace melting uses an electron beam as a heat source and a water-cooled copper crucible as a cold bed. It utilizes the kinetic energy of high-speed electrons to convert into heat energy, melting, refining, and casting the metal into ingots. Its working principle is that in a high vacuum environment, the cathode (tantalum or tungsten wire) is heated, and the cathode emits a large number of thermionic electrons. If a large potential difference is maintained between the cathode and anode, the electrons are accelerated under the action of the electric field, and electrical energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the electrons. The electron beam is focused by electric and magnetic fields and bombarded with the metal to be melted. When the electrons collide with the metal, they lose kinetic energy, which is converted into heat, mainly used to melt the furnace charge, thus melting the metal. Molten metal is dripped into a cooling bed, refined, and then slowly flows into a water-cooled crystallizer equipped with a pulling device. It gradually solidifies into ingots from bottom to top, and the pulling mechanism slowly pulls the ingots out of the crucible. The feeding system of the cooling bed furnace varies considerably depending on the state of the metal material. For powdered metals, a screw feeding mechanism is generally used, while for bar stock, a lead screw feeding mechanism is used. The lead screw feeding mechanism moves the bar stock downwards, allowing it to be melted sequentially by the electron gun. However, existing lead screw feeding mechanisms can only carry the bar stock in a straight line, resulting in localized contact between the bar stock and the electron beam of the electron gun, leading to slow melting efficiency and poor melting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an electron beam cold hearth furnace that increases rotational freedom in addition to linear motion, so that the circumferential direction of the bar stock is sequentially contacted by the electron beam and melted, thereby increasing the contact area between the bar stock and the electron beam, improving melting efficiency, and making the melting of the bar stock more thorough.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an electron beam cold hearth furnace, comprising a cold hearth furnace body, an electron gun system, a feeding system, a billet dragging system, and a crystallizer. The feeding system includes a feeding support, a moving crossbeam, a hollow drive disk, and a three-jaw chuck. The moving crossbeam is slidably mounted on the feeding support and moves along the height direction of the feeding support. An electrode disk is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the moving crossbeam, and an electrode rod is coaxially connected to the electrode disk. One end of the electrode rod away from the electrode disk is fixedly inserted through the inner wall of the three-jaw chuck. The hollow drive disk is located between the electrode disk and the three-jaw chuck and is rotatably mounted on the feeding support. The inner wall of the hollow drive disk is provided with multiple abutment blocks, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the hollow drive disk. The abutment blocks move radially along the hollow drive disk. The cold hearth furnace body has a feeding port at the top of the electrode rod for the rod to pass through.

[0005] In some embodiments, the hollow drive disk is coaxially provided with a drive cavity, and a plurality of drive shafts are provided in the drive cavity. The plurality of drive shafts correspond one-to-one with a plurality of abutment blocks. The drive shafts are rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk. An internal gear ring is rotatably provided in the drive cavity. A gear is mounted on the drive shaft. The gear meshes with the internal gear ring. A rack is fixed to the side wall of the abutment block. The rack meshes with the gear.

[0006] In some embodiments, a drive shaft is provided inside the drive cavity, the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk, a drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft, the drive gear meshes with the internal gear ring, and the drive shaft is connected to a drive mechanism, which is used to drive the drive shaft to deflect.

[0007] In some embodiments, the feeding system further includes a fixed crossbeam, on which a hollow rotating disk is rotatably mounted. A hollow drive disk is coaxially fixed on the hollow rotating disk. The drive mechanism includes a cylinder, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the hollow rotating disk. A disc is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft. A deflection rod is fixed to the side wall of the disc. An arc-shaped window communicating with the drive cavity is opened on the side wall of the hollow drive disk. The deflection rod passes through the arc-shaped window and is hinged to the telescopic shaft of the cylinder.

[0008] In some embodiments, an external gear ring is fitted onto the hollow rotating disk, a reduction motor is mounted on the fixed crossbeam, and the output shaft of the reduction motor is connected to an intermittent gear, which meshes with the external gear ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, a lead screw and a guide rod are respectively provided on both sides of the electrode rod. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the fixed crossbeam and the feeding bracket, respectively. The two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the fixed crossbeam and the feeding bracket, respectively. The movable crossbeam is threaded onto the lead screw. The guide rod slides through the movable crossbeam. A motor is provided on the feeding bracket. The output shaft of the motor is driven to one end of the lead screw through a coupling.

[0010] In some embodiments, a cooling bed trolley is provided inside the cooling bed furnace body, and a cooling bed is provided on the cooling bed trolley. The cooling bed is located directly below the feed inlet. A photoelectric sensor is installed on the inner side wall of the cooling bed furnace body, and the detection path of the photoelectric sensor intersects with the axis of the electrode rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electron gun system includes three electron guns, two of which are respectively disposed on both sides of the feed inlet and facing the axis of the feed inlet, a crystallizer is disposed below the cooling bed, an ingot is disposed inside the crystallizer, the ingot dragging system is disposed at the bottom of the ingot, and the electron beam of the other electron gun is directed towards the crystallizer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ingot dragging system includes an ingot dragging barrel, a lifting seat, and an ingot dragging screw. The ingot dragging barrel is connected to the bottom of the crystallizer. The ingot dragging screw is rotatably disposed inside the ingot dragging barrel. The lifting seat is threaded onto the ingot dragging screw. A limit block is provided on the side wall of the lifting seat. The limit block moves radially along the lifting seat. A limit groove is formed on the side wall of the ingot dragging barrel along its own axial direction. The limit block slides within the limit groove. A hollow shaft is coaxially fixed to the top of the lifting seat. The hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the ingot. An ingot dragging motor is provided at the bottom of the ingot dragging barrel. The output shaft of the ingot dragging motor is drivenly connected to the ingot dragging screw.

[0013] In some embodiments, the side wall of the lifting seat is provided with an installation groove, an electromagnet is provided in the installation groove, the limiting block is slidably adapted to the installation groove, an iron block is embedded in one end of the limiting block near the electromagnet, a return spring is provided in the installation groove, the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the lifting seat and the limiting block, and when the return spring is in the normal state, the limiting block is adapted to the limiting groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. By adding rotational degrees of freedom to the linear motion degrees of freedom, the circumference of the bar stock is sequentially contacted with the electron beam and melted. This increases the contact area between the bar stock and the electron beam, improves the melting efficiency, and makes the melting of the bar stock more thorough.

[0016] 2. Before dragging the ingot, first rotate the ingot inside the crystallizer so that the ingot carries the metal ingot on it and rotates, so that the metal ingot is separated from the crystallizer. Then, move the ingot downward to drag it, so as to avoid the metal ingot solidifying on the inner wall of the crystallizer and causing damage to the metal ingot during dragging. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electron beam cold hearth furnace according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a hollow drive disk in an electron beam cold hearth furnace according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of a rack and gear in an electron beam cold hearth furnace according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] In the diagram, 1-cooling bed furnace body, 2-crystallizer, 3-feed support, 4-moving crossbeam, 5-hollow drive disc, 6-three-jaw chuck, 7-electrode disc, 8-electrode rod, 9-abutment block, 10-drive cavity, 11-drive shaft, 12-internal gear ring, 13-gear, 14-rack, 15-drive shaft, 16-drive gear, 17-fixed crossbeam, 18-hollow rotating disc, 19-cylinder, 20-disc, 21-arc window, 22-outer Gear ring, 23-Reduction motor, 24-Intermittent gear, 25-Deflection rod, 26-Lead screw, 27-Smooth rod, 28-Motor, 29-Cooling bed trolley, 30-Cooling bed, 31-Photoelectric sensor, 32-Electron gun, 33-Ingot, 34-Ingot dragging bucket, 35-Lifting seat, 36-Ingot dragging lead screw, 38-Limiting groove, 39-Hollow shaft, 40-Ingot dragging motor, 41-Mounting groove, 42-Electromagnet, 43-Iron block, 44-Reset spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes a furnace body 1, an electron gun system, a feeding system, an ingot dragging system, and a crystallizer 2. The feeding system includes a feeding support 3, a moving crossbeam 4, a hollow drive disk 5, and a three-jaw chuck 6. The moving crossbeam 4 is slidably mounted on the feeding support 3 and moves along the height of the feeding support 3. An electrode disk 7 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the moving crossbeam 4. An electrode rod 8 is coaxially connected to the electrode disk 7. The end of the electrode rod 8 away from the electrode disk 7 is fixedly inserted into the three-jaw chuck. The inner wall of the furnace body 1 has a hollow drive disk 5 located between the electrode disk 7 and the three-jaw chuck 6. The hollow drive disk 5 is rotatably mounted on the feed support 3. The inner wall of the hollow drive disk 5 is provided with multiple abutment blocks 9, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the hollow drive disk 5. The abutment blocks 9 move radially along the hollow drive disk 5. The cooling bed furnace body 1 has a feed port at the top of the electrode rod 8 for the bar stock to pass through. The bar stock is passed into the three-jaw chuck 6 so that it contacts the electrode rod 8, and then passes through the jaws of the three-jaw chuck 6. The bar stock is coaxially connected to the electrode rod 8 to complete the centering fixture. The linear movement of the moving beam 4 drives the bar stock from the feed port into the cooling hearth furnace 1. The bar stock is melted through the cooperation of the electron gun system and the electrode rod 8. During the melting process, the abutment block 9 moves close to the electrode rod 8 and clamps the electrode rod 8. Then, the rotation of the hollow drive disk 5 drives the electrode rod 8 to rotate, thereby driving the bar stock to rotate. This allows the bar stock to contact the electron beam emitted by the electron gun system in all directions, expanding the melting contact area of ​​the bar stock, resulting in higher melting efficiency and more thorough melting. After the bar stock at this position melts, the abutment block 9 moves away from the electrode rod 8, separating the abutment block 9 from the electrode rod 8. At this time, the moving beam 4 drives the bar stock downward a certain distance and then stops, continuing to melt other parts of the bar stock. This process is repeated, giving the bar stock rotational freedom and axial linear movement freedom, increasing the contact area between the bar stock and the electron beam, improving melting efficiency, and making the melting of the bar stock more thorough.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, a cooling bed trolley 29 is installed inside the cooling bed furnace body 1, and a cooling bed 30 is installed on the cooling bed trolley 29. The cooling bed 30 is located directly below the feed inlet. A photoelectric sensor 31 is installed on the inner side wall of the cooling bed furnace body 1. The detection path of the photoelectric sensor 31 intersects the axis of the electrode rod 8. The electron gun system includes three electron guns 32, two of which are respectively located on both sides of the feed inlet and facing the axis of the feed inlet. A crystallizer 2 is installed below the cooling bed 30, and an ingot 33 is installed inside the crystallizer 2. An ingot dragging system is installed at the bottom of the ingot 33. The electron beam of the other electron gun 32 is directly facing the crystallizer 2. The photoelectric sensor 31 determines whether the bar has been completely melted. When the photoelectric sensor 31 does not detect the bar, the abutment block 9 separates from the electrode rod 8, and the hollow drive disk 5 stops rotating. At this time, the moving beam 4 moves the bar downwards by a specified length and then stops. Then, the abutment block 9 clamps the electrode rod 8 and drives the bar to rotate. The bar is melted by two electron guns 32. The rotation of the bar allows the side wall of the bar to fully contact the electron guns 32 for melting, making the melting of the bar more thorough. At the same time, the melting of the bar can be intelligently monitored to control the switching between linear and rotational motion of the bar.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, a drive cavity 10 is coaxially arranged inside the hollow drive disk 5. Multiple drive shafts 11 are arranged inside the drive cavity 4, each corresponding to a plurality of abutment blocks 9. The drive shafts 11 are rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk 5. An internal gear ring 12 is rotatably arranged inside the drive cavity 4. A gear 13 is mounted on the drive shaft 11, meshing with the internal gear ring 12. A rack 14 is fixed to the side wall of the abutment block 9, meshing with the gear 13. A drive shaft 15 is arranged inside the drive cavity 4, rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk 5. A drive gear 16 is mounted on the drive shaft 15, meshing with the internal gear ring 12. The drive shaft 15 is connected to a drive mechanism, which drives the drive shaft 15 to deflect. The feeding system also includes a fixed crossbeam 17, on which a hollow rotating disk 18 is rotatably mounted. A hollow drive disk 5 is coaxially fixed on the hollow rotating disk 18. The drive mechanism includes a cylinder 19, the cylinder body of which is hinged to the hollow rotating disk 18. A disc 20 is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 15. A deflection rod 25 is fixed to the side wall of the disc 20. An arc-shaped window 21 communicating with the drive cavity 4 is opened on the side wall of the hollow drive disk 5. The deflection rod 25 passes through the arc-shaped window 21 and is hinged to the telescopic shaft of the cylinder 19. When clamping electrode rod 8, cylinder 19 extends, pushing deflector rod 25 to deflect. Deflector rod 25 drives drive shaft 15 to rotate by a certain angle. Drive shaft 15 drives internal gear ring 12 to deflect via drive gear 16. Internal gear ring 12 drives gear 13 to deflect. Gear 13 drives rack 14 to perform linear motion. Through the gear and rack mechanism, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion, thereby driving the abutment block 9 to move closer to electrode rod 8, thus clamping electrode rod 8 and connecting electrode rod 8 to hollow drive disk 5. The rotation of hollow drive disk 5 can drive electrode rod 8 to rotate. Electrode rod 8 is driven by three-jaw chuck 6. The bar rotates, giving it rotational freedom. When the bar needs to move downwards, cylinder 19 retracts, causing drive shaft 15 to reverse and reset, which in turn causes gear 13 to reverse and reset. This, in turn, drives abutment block 9 away from electrode rod 8 and resets it, separating hollow drive disk 5 from electrode rod 8. This allows moving beam 4 to smoothly pass through electrode rod 8 and drive bar to move linearly, enabling smooth switching between linear and rotational motion of bar without interference. In practice, abutment block 9 is made of insulating material, and the jaws of three-jaw chuck 6 are also made of insulating material, so as not to affect the action of electrode rod 8 on bar.An external gear ring 22 is fitted onto a hollow rotating disk 18. A reduction motor 23 is mounted on a fixed crossbeam 17. The output shaft of the reduction motor 23 is connected to an intermittent gear 24, which meshes with the external gear ring 22. The reduction motor 23 drives the hollow rotating disk 18 to rotate through the meshing of the intermittent gear 24 and the external gear ring 22. The hollow rotating disk 18 drives the hollow drive disk 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the bar to rotate through the electrode rod 8. The intermittent gear 24 has teeth in some areas, so that after the intermittent gear 24 drives the bar to rotate a certain angle, it will stop for a period of time. That is, after the teeth of the intermittent gear 24 separate from the external gear ring 22, the hollow rotating disk 18 will stop rotating. During this time, the bar is melted by the electron gun 32. When the teeth of the intermittent gear 24 re-mesh the external gear ring 22, the hollow rotating disk 18 continues to rotate, driving the bar to continue rotating a certain angle before stopping. This process continues until the bar rotates 180° and switches to linear motion, thus allowing time for the electron gun 32 to melt the bar.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a lead screw 26 and a guide rod 27 are respectively provided on both sides of the electrode rod 8. The two ends of the lead screw 26 are rotatably connected to the fixed crossbeam 17 and the feeding bracket 3, respectively. The two ends of the guide rod 27 are fixedly connected to the fixed crossbeam 17 and the feeding bracket 3, respectively. The movable crossbeam 4 is threaded onto the lead screw 26. The guide rod 27 slides through the movable crossbeam 4. A motor 28 is provided on the feeding bracket 3. The output shaft of the motor 28 is connected to one end of the lead screw 26 through a coupling. The motor 28 drives the lead screw 26 to rotate. The sliding fit between the guide rod 27 and the movable crossbeam 4 restricts the rotational freedom of the movable crossbeam 4, so that the movable crossbeam 4 moves linearly along the axis of the lead screw 26, thereby driving the bar stock to move linearly, so that the bar stock enters the cooling hearth furnace 1 for melting in sequence.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the ingot dragging system includes an ingot dragging bucket 34, a lifting seat 35, and an ingot dragging screw 36. The ingot dragging bucket 34 is connected to the bottom of the crystallizer 2. The ingot dragging screw 36 is rotatably mounted inside the ingot dragging bucket 34. The lifting seat 35 is threaded onto the ingot dragging screw 36. A limit block 37 is provided on the side wall of the lifting seat 35, and the limit block 37 moves radially along the lifting seat 35. A limit groove 38 is formed on the side wall of the ingot dragging bucket 34 along its own axial direction, and the limit block 37 slides within the limit groove 38. A hollow shaft 39 is coaxially fixed to the top of the lifting seat 35, and the hollow shaft 39 is fixedly connected to the ingot 33. An ingot dragging motor 40 is provided at the bottom of the ingot dragging bucket 34, and the output shaft of the ingot dragging motor 40 is driven and connected to the ingot dragging screw 36. 6. A mounting groove 41 is provided on the side wall of the lifting seat 35. An electromagnet 42 is installed in the mounting groove 41. A limiting block 37 is slidably fitted into the mounting groove 41. An iron block 43 is embedded in the end of the limiting block 37 near the electromagnet 42. A return spring 44 is installed in the mounting groove 41. The two ends of the return spring 44 are respectively connected to the lifting seat 35 and the limiting block 37. When the return spring 44 is in its normal state, the limiting block 37 is fitted into the limiting groove 38. A refining electron gun system is also provided in the cooling hearth furnace body 1. The electron beam of the refining electron gun system is directly facing the cooling hearth 30. The bar stock melts and falls into the cooling hearth 30. A molten pool is gradually built in the cooling hearth 30. The refining electron gun system starts to work. As the melting process progresses, the cooling hearth 30...The molten metal level in the molten pool rises to the overflow port, and the liquid metal begins to drip into the crystallizer 2. The electron gun 32, directly opposite the crystallizer 2, begins to operate. As the raw material melts, the ingot guide head in the ingot dragging system continuously pulls down, obtaining a metal ingot of the predetermined shape and size. During ingot dragging, the metal ingot needs to be rotated first. Specifically, the electromagnet 42 is energized to attract the iron block 43, thereby driving the limit block 37 to compress the reset spring 44 and move it into the mounting groove 41, causing the limit block 37 to separate from the limit groove 38. At this time, the ingot dragging motor 4... The start-up mechanism drives the drag screw 36 to rotate. Since the limit block 37 is not properly fitted into the limit groove 38, the rotational freedom of the lifting seat 35 is not restricted, causing the lifting seat 35 to rotate along with the drag screw 36. At this time, the lifting seat 35 does not move up or down. The lifting seat 35 drives the ingot 33 to rotate via the hollow shaft 39, causing the metal ingot on the mold ingot 33 to detach from the inner wall of the crystallizer 2, preventing damage to the metal ingot caused by downward dragging. Once the metal ingot has rotated and detached from the inner wall of the crystallizer 2, the electromagnetic... When the power to iron 42 is cut off, the limiting block 37 is ejected from the mounting groove 41 by the reaction force of the return spring 44. When the limiting block 37 is aligned with the limiting groove 38, the limiting block 37 is directly inserted into the limiting groove 38. When the limiting block 37 is not aligned with the limiting groove 38, the limiting block 37 rests against the inner wall of the drag bar 34. At this time, the drag bar motor 40 starts and drives the drag bar screw 36 to rotate. If the limiting block 37 is not aligned with the limiting groove 38, the lifting seat 35 will rotate along with the drag bar screw 36. When the rotation reaches the point where the limiting block 37 is aligned with the limiting groove... When the limit block 37 is inserted into the limit groove 38 under the action of the return spring 44, the rotational freedom of the lifting seat 35 is restricted by the fit between the limit block 37 and the limit groove 38. This allows the lifting seat 35 to move linearly along the axis of the drag screw 36, thereby driving the ingot 33 to move downwards for dragging. This achieves the switching between the rotational and linear freedom of the lifting seat 35, enabling the metal ingot to be rotated and separated before dragging, protecting the integrity of the metal ingot and ensuring its quality.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial," "bottom," "one end," "top," "middle," "other end," "upper," "side," "top," "inner," "front," "center," and "both ends," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the beneficial effects to be achieved by this invention are merely to achieve better beneficial effects compared with the current embodiments in the prior art under specific conditions, rather than to directly achieve the best use effect in the industry.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electron beam cold hearth furnace, comprising a cold hearth furnace body (1), an electron gun system, a feeding system, a billet dragging system, and a crystallizer (2), characterized in that, The feeding system includes a feeding bracket (3), a moving crossbeam (4), a hollow drive disk (5), and a three-jaw chuck (6). The moving crossbeam (4) is slidably mounted on the feeding bracket (3) and moves along the height direction of the feeding bracket (3). An electrode disk (7) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the moving crossbeam (4). An electrode rod (8) is coaxially connected to the electrode disk (7). One end of the electrode rod (8) away from the electrode disk (7) is fixedly inserted into the three-jaw chuck (6). The hollow drive disk (5) is located between the electrode disk (7) and the three-jaw chuck (6) on the inner wall. The hollow drive disk (5) is rotatably mounted on the feed support (3). The inner wall of the hollow drive disk (5) is provided with a plurality of abutment blocks (9). The plurality of abutment blocks (9) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the hollow drive disk (5). The abutment blocks (9) move radially along the hollow drive disk (5). The cooling bed furnace body (1) has a feed port for the rod material to pass through at the top of the electrode rod (8). The hollow drive disk (5) is coaxially provided with a drive cavity (10), and a plurality of drive shafts (11) are provided in the drive cavity (10). The plurality of drive shafts (11) correspond one-to-one with the plurality of abutment blocks (9). The drive shafts (11) are rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk (5). An internal gear ring (12) is rotatably provided in the drive cavity (10). A gear (13) is fitted on the drive shaft (11). The gear (13) meshes with the internal gear ring (12). A rack (14) is fixed to the side wall of the abutment block (9). The rack (14) meshes with the gear (13). The drive cavity (10) is provided with a drive shaft (15), which is rotatably connected to the hollow drive disk (5). A drive gear (16) is mounted on the drive shaft (15), which meshes with the internal gear ring (12). The drive shaft (15) is connected to a drive mechanism, which is used to drive the drive shaft (15) to deflect. The feeding system also includes a fixed crossbeam (17), on which a hollow rotating disk (18) is rotatably mounted. The hollow drive disk (5) is coaxially fixed on the hollow rotating disk (18). The drive mechanism includes a cylinder (19), the cylinder body of which is hinged to the hollow rotating disk (18). A disc (20) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (15). A deflection rod (25) is fixed to the side wall of the disc (20). An arc-shaped window (21) communicating with the drive cavity (10) is opened on the side wall of the hollow drive disk (5). The deflection rod (25) passes through the arc-shaped window (21) and is hinged to the telescopic shaft of the cylinder (19).

2. The electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, An external gear ring (22) is fitted on the hollow rotating disk (18), and a geared motor (23) is installed on the fixed crossbeam (17). The output shaft of the geared motor (23) is connected to an intermittent gear (24), which meshes with the external gear ring (22).

3. The electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode rod (8) is provided with a lead screw (26) and a guide rod (27) on both sides respectively. The two ends of the lead screw (26) are rotatably connected to the fixed crossbeam (17) and the feeding bracket (3) respectively. The two ends of the guide rod (27) are fixedly connected to the fixed crossbeam (17) and the feeding bracket (3) respectively. The movable crossbeam (4) is threaded on the lead screw (26). The guide rod (27) slides through the movable crossbeam (4). The feeding bracket (3) is provided with a motor (28). The output shaft of the motor (28) is connected to one end of the lead screw (26) through a coupling.

4. The electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cooling bed trolley (29) is provided inside the cooling bed furnace body (1), and a cooling bed (30) is provided on the cooling bed trolley (29). The cooling bed (30) is located directly below the feed inlet. A photoelectric sensor (31) is installed on the inner side wall of the cooling bed furnace body (1), and the detection path of the photoelectric sensor (31) intersects with the axis of the electrode rod (8).

5. An electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electron gun system includes three electron guns (32), two of which are respectively located on both sides of the feed inlet and facing the axis of the feed inlet. A crystallizer (2) is located below the cooling bed (30), and an ingot (33) is located inside the crystallizer (2). The ingot dragging system is located at the bottom of the ingot (33), and the electron beam of the other electron gun (32) is directed towards the crystallizer (2).

6. An electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ingot dragging system includes an ingot dragging bucket (34), a lifting seat (35), and an ingot dragging screw (36). The ingot dragging bucket (34) is connected to the bottom of the crystallizer (2). The ingot dragging screw (36) is rotatably disposed inside the ingot dragging bucket (34). The lifting seat (35) is threaded onto the ingot dragging screw (36). A limit block (37) is provided on the side wall of the lifting seat (35). The limit block (37) moves radially along the lifting seat (35). A limit groove (38) is opened on the side wall of the ingot dragging bucket (34) along its own axial direction. The limit block (37) slides and adapts to the limit groove (38). A hollow shaft (39) is coaxially fixed on the top of the lifting seat (35). The hollow shaft (39) is fixedly connected to the ingot (33). An ingot dragging motor (40) is provided at the bottom of the ingot dragging bucket (34). The output shaft of the ingot dragging motor (40) is driven and connected to the ingot dragging screw (36).

7. An electron beam cold hearth furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side wall of the lifting seat (35) is provided with an installation groove (41), an electromagnet (42) is provided in the installation groove (41), the limiting block (37) is slidably adapted to the installation groove (41), an iron block (43) is embedded in one end of the limiting block (37) near the electromagnet (42), a return spring (44) is provided in the installation groove (41), the two ends of the return spring (44) are respectively connected to the lifting seat (35) and the limiting block (37), when the return spring (44) is in the normal state, the limiting block (37) is adapted to the limiting groove (38).

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