An automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock and its operating method.

Abstract

This invention provides an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock and its operating method. A vertical shaft is rotatably mounted on a mounting base structure. A rotating arm is hinged to the lower part of the vertical shaft via a lower shaft. A guide block is fixed to the top of the rotating arm, and a mooring bollard is fixed to the top of the guide block. A hook tongue block is hinged to the upper part of the vertical shaft via an upper shaft. A tension spring connects the hook tongue block to the top of the mounting base structure. The hook tongue block is inserted into a first insertion hole inside the guide block. An elastic pin mechanism is hinged to the rotating arm. A pin is fitted onto the top of the elastic pin mechanism and is inserted into a second insertion hole inside the guide block. The top of the pin and the hook tongue block form a detachable hook connection. This device is designed based on the existing floating bollard structure. Without changing the overall structure of the pontoon, it ensures that the bollard is pulled by the mooring force, causing the spring force to exceed a critical value, thus completing the automatic unhooking function. After unhooking, the bollard can automatically reset.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safe navigation technology for ships passing through locks, and in particular to an operating method for an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a lock. Background Technology

[0002] While passing ships wait in the lock chamber for the adjacent lock chamber to release water, the crew will tie the ship's mooring lines to the mooring bollards on the shore. Since it is difficult for ships on the water to remain stationary, the mooring angles will be different. When the mooring lines are taut, they will exert mooring forces on the mooring bollards. Different mooring angles will exert mooring forces in different directions on the mooring bollards, thereby exerting forces in different directions on the "channels" through which the floating mooring bollards move up and down, causing damage to the "channels" and requiring maintenance costs.

[0003] The buoys of floating bollards rise and fall with the water level during lock chamber descent. If the buoy gets stuck during rising water, the mooring lines will automatically detach without posing a safety hazard. However, if the buoy gets stuck during falling water, the mooring lines will experience downward tension as the vessel descends, causing it to tilt. If this is not detected in time, it can lead to capsizing. If the tension exceeds the mooring lines' tensile strength, the lines may break or the entire bollard system may be damaged.

[0004] Once the automatic unhooking function is activated, the lock needs to be restored to the state before the bollards were unhooked. This allows vessels to continue mooring in the lock chamber and wait to pass, thus ensuring the normal flow of traffic in the channel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a lock and its operating method. This device is designed based on the existing floating bollard structure. Without changing the overall structure of the pontoon, it ensures that the bollard is pulled by the mooring line force, causing the spring force to exceed the critical value, thus completing the automatic unhooking function. After unhooking is completed, the bollard can be automatically reset without affecting the next passage of the ship, thereby ensuring the safety of the lock mooring line and improving the navigation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned technical features, the present invention aims to provide an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock. This device includes a mounting base structure for fixed connection with an existing buoy side plate. A vertical rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting base structure. A rotating arm is hinged to the lower part of the vertical rotating shaft via a lower rotating shaft. A guide block is fixed to the top of the rotating arm, and a mooring bollard is fixed to the top of the guide block. A hook tongue block is hinged to the upper part of the vertical rotating shaft via an upper rotating shaft. A tension spring connects the hook tongue block to the top of the mounting base structure. The hook tongue block is inserted into a first insertion hole inside the guide block. An elastic top pin mechanism is hinged to the rotating arm. A top pin is fitted onto the top of the elastic top pin mechanism. The top pin is inserted into a second insertion hole inside the guide block, and the top of the top pin forms a detachable hook connection with the hook tongue block.

[0007] The mounting structure includes a base plate that is fixedly connected to the outside of the float side plate. A bottom horizontal plate is fixed on the lower outer wall of the base plate, and a middle horizontal plate and a top horizontal plate are fixed on the upper outer wall of the base plate. A vertical rotating shaft is rotatably mounted between the bottom horizontal plate, the middle horizontal plate and the top horizontal plate through bearings.

[0008] On the outer wall of the base plate and below the middle horizontal plate, there are symmetrically installed limiting blocks for rotating and limiting the guide block; between the top end of the vertical shaft and the top horizontal plate, there is a rotation return assembly for returning the vertical shaft to its original position.

[0009] The rotary return assembly includes a limiting rod fixed to the top of the vertical rotating shaft. The end of the limiting rod cooperates with a telescopic rod that is slidably fitted inside the sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve is fixed to the top of the top horizontal plate. A first spring is provided between the telescopic rod and the sliding sleeve.

[0010] A cable limiting rod is vertically fixed on the lower outer wall of the mooring post;

[0011] The top end of the tension spring is hooked onto the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixed to the top edge of the top horizontal plate;

[0012] The connecting plate is equipped with a limiting screw for making limiting contact with the top of the hook tongue block.

[0013] The hook tongue block includes a hook tongue block body. One end of the hook tongue block body is provided with a U-shaped hinge joint, which is hinged to the upper rotating shaft. The other end of the hook tongue block body is provided with a hook head body. The lower end face of the hook head body is provided with a hook groove. The end of the hook groove is provided with a first transition slope and a second transition slope.

[0014] The elastic top pin mechanism includes a horizontal hinge block hinged between the rotating arms, a guide rod fixed on the horizontal hinge block, an adjusting nut fitted on the guide rod, the top end of the guide rod slidingly engaging with the center hole of the top pin, and a tensioning spring fitted on the guide rod between the top pin and the adjusting nut.

[0015] The top pin includes a top pin insert block, with retaining edges on both sides of the bottom end of the top pin insert block, and a first mating inclined surface for engaging with the hook groove at the top end of the top pin insert block, with a second mating inclined surface at the end of the first mating inclined surface.

[0016] The guide block has a first insertion hole for insertion into the hook body. The first insertion hole is cross-connected with a second insertion hole for insertion into the top pin block. On the other side of the second insertion hole, there is a cavity for insertion into the top of the rotating arm. The cavity has bolt holes. The top of the guide block has a mooring post fixing groove for fixing the mooring post.

[0017] A reset mechanism for centering and resetting the vertical rotating shaft is provided between the mounting base structure and the guide block. The reset mechanism includes ear plates fixed on the two outer walls of the mounting base structure. The ear plates are connected to the end of the crossbar through tension springs. The crossbar is fixed to the top of the guide block.

[0018] A method for operating an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock:

[0019] Implementation of automatic unhooking function:

[0020] During the operation of the floating mooring bollard, if a change in water level causes the buoy to become stuck or the vessel leaves without untying the mooring line, the mooring line attached to the mooring bollard will instantly tighten, generating a large tension. This will cause the mooring bollard to rotate around the lower pivot, and the hook tongue block will rotate around the upper pivot. The bottom end of the hook tongue block will exert pressure on the elastic pin mechanism, which will then compress the tensioning spring. When this pressure reaches the critical requirement of the tensioning spring, the pin will automatically slip off the hook tongue block, thus completing the automatic unhooking function.

[0021] Whether the mooring line is forgotten or the buoy gets stuck due to the drop in water level and the downward tension on the mooring line, the system can automatically release the hook, allowing the mooring line to slip off the mooring post and preventing any safety incidents.

[0022] The reset function includes the reset of the mooring post after automatic unhooking, as well as in normal unmooring and no-moor situations:

[0023] The automatic unhooking reset is achieved by the mooring post slowly resetting under the force of the top pin and the tightening spring until it is properly latched by the bottom of the hook tongue block, thus restoring it to the unhooked state. Here, the surface of the hook tongue block is provided with a rubber anti-collision block, which prevents the tightening spring from causing damage to the bottom of the part due to excessive instantaneous stress caused by excessively fast reset speed during the reset process. This design plays a buffering role in the reset process.

[0024] The reset in the absence of a mooring line is due to the fact that during the operation of the mooring bollard, the direction in which the crew moored the line from the docked vessel may be different, often deviating from the vertical direction of the side of the shore where the floating mooring bollard is located. After the line is properly unmoored, in order to facilitate the next normal mooring, the tension springs on the left and right sides of the mooring bollard will drive the vertical shaft to rotate due to the different forces on the two sides, so that the mooring bollard always remains in a centered state, that is, always keeps the mooring bollard at the geometric center of the rotating base in the horizontal direction.

[0025] Limiting blocks are installed on both sides of the upper part of the mounting base structure to limit the extreme angle of the mooring bollard's rotation around the vertical axis. During the mooring process, the direction of the mooring line is not always ideally perpendicular to the shore. In many cases, it will deviate from the ideal direction. After mooring, the mooring bollard will be subjected to the mooring force and thus rotate around the vertical axis. The design of the rotation angle limiting device can avoid damage to the mooring bollard structure caused by improper mooring, limit the rotation angle, and thus increase the reliability of the device.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention provides an automatic unhooking device for use on floating bollards in locks. The device is designed based on the existing floating bollard structure. When the mooring cable pulls the bollard, the spring force exceeds the critical value, thus completing the automatic unhooking function. After unhooking is completed, the bollard can be automatically reset without affecting the next passage of the ship.

[0028] 2. This invention can prevent the buoys of the floating mooring bollards from getting stuck in the "channel" when the lock chamber is being filled or drained, thus avoiding the occurrence of large mooring forces that could cause the ship to capsize or other safety hazards. It solves the problem of not being able to release the mooring in time and improves the safety of ship passage.

[0029] 3. This invention can also prevent safety accidents such as ship capsizing and damage to floating bollard structures caused by forgetting to untie the mooring lines when leaving the lock chamber, thus solving the problem of untiing the mooring lines in time and providing safety assurance for the overall navigation equipment and ships.

[0030] 4. The mooring force of the vessel of the present invention can be transmitted to the mooring bollard. The mooring lines in different directions can make the mooring bollard adapt to the corresponding position, and the equipment has higher mobility.

[0031] 5. This invention can automatically reset the floating bollard to its pre-decoupling state after it is unhooked. Compared with existing unhooking devices that require only one-time unhooking or have a limited number of cycles, this invention reduces the workload of workers in inspecting the floating bollard in the lock chamber and lowers operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a first-view 3D diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a second-view three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention from a third perspective.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the installation structure of the overall structure of the present invention on the pontoon.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the installation structure of the overall structure of the present invention on a ship lock.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a first-view 3D diagram of the interior of the present invention after the mooring posts have been removed.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a two-dimensional view of the interior of the present invention after the mooring posts have been removed.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the hook tongue block of the present invention from a first perspective.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a two-dimensional view of the hook tongue block of the present invention from a second perspective.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a front view of the hook tongue block of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional view of the top pin of the present invention from a first perspective.

[0044] Figure 12 This is the front view of the top pin of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 This is a first-view 3D diagram of the guide block of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 This is a two-dimensional view of the guide block of the present invention from a second perspective.

[0047] Figure 15 This is the main view of the guide block of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 16 This is a side view of the guide block of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 17 For the present invention Figure 16 View of the guide block AA.

[0050] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional diagram showing the cooperation of the hook tongue block, top pin, and guide block of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 19 This is a side view showing the cooperation of the hook tongue block, top pin, and guide block of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 20 For the present invention Figure 19 BB view.

[0053] In the diagram: 1. Float side plate; 2. Mounting base structure; 3. Bottom horizontal plate; 4. Bearing; 5. Vertical rotating shaft; 6. Lower rotating shaft; 7. Rotating arm; 8. Guide block; 9. Crossbar; 10. Mooring post; 11. Ear plate; 12. Tension spring; 13. Limiting block; 14. Middle horizontal plate; 15. Hook tongue block; 16. Upper rotating shaft; 18. Top horizontal plate; 19. Rotation return assembly; 20. Cable limiting rod; 21. Connecting plate; 22. Limiting screw; 23. Tensioning spring; 24. Horizontal hinge block; 25. Adjusting nut; 26. Tightening spring; 27. Guide rod; 28. Top pin; 29. ​​Float mounting groove; 30. Float.

[0054] Cavity 801, cable anchor fixing groove 802, second insertion hole 803, first insertion hole 804, bolt hole 805;

[0055] 1501 U-shaped hinge joint, 1502 hook tongue block body, 1503 hook head body, 1504 hook hanging groove, 1505 first transition slope, 1506 second transition slope.

[0056] Limiting rod 1901, telescopic rod 1902, sliding sleeve 1903, first spring 1904;

[0057] 2801, 2802, 2803, 2804, 2805. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] See Figure 1-20An automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a lock includes a mounting base structure 2 for fixed connection with an existing buoy side plate 1. A vertical rotating shaft 5 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base structure 2. A rotating arm 7 is hinged to the lower part of the vertical rotating shaft 5 via a lower rotating shaft 6. A guide block 8 is fixed to the top of the rotating arm 7. A mooring bollard 10 is fixed to the top of the guide block 8. A hook tongue block 15 is hinged to the upper part of the vertical rotating shaft 5 via an upper rotating shaft 16. A tension spring 23 is connected between the hook tongue block 15 and the top of the mounting base structure 2. The hook tongue block 15 is inserted into a first insertion hole 804 inside the guide block 8. An elastic top pin mechanism is hinged to the rotating arm 7. A top pin 28 is fitted onto the top of the elastic top pin mechanism. The top pin 28 is inserted into a second insertion hole 803 inside the guide block 8, and the top of the top pin 28 and the hook tongue block 15 form a detachable hook connection. The device described above is designed based on the existing floating bollard structure. Without changing the overall structure of the pontoon, it ensures that the bollard is pulled by the mooring line force, causing the spring force to exceed the critical value, so that the automatic unhooking function can be completed. After the unhooking is completed, the bollard can be automatically reset without affecting the next navigation of the ship, thereby ensuring the safety of the lock mooring and improving the navigation efficiency.

[0061] Furthermore, the mounting structure 2 includes a base plate fixedly connected to the outside of the pontoon side plate 1. A bottom horizontal plate 3 is fixed to the lower outer wall of the base plate, and a middle horizontal plate 14 and a top horizontal plate 18 are fixed to the upper outer wall of the base plate. A vertical rotating shaft 5 is rotatably mounted between the bottom horizontal plate 3, the middle horizontal plate 14, and the top horizontal plate 18 via a bearing 4. By modifying the existing mooring bollard, a flat surface and a pontoon mounting groove 29 are machined and manufactured on the pontoon 30 for mounting the mounting structure 2. The bearing 4 uses solid graphite or oil-impregnated bearing lubrication, and other rotating parts of the mooring bollard require lubrication.

[0062] Furthermore, symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the base plate, below the central horizontal plate 14, are limiting blocks 13 for rotating and limiting the guide block 8; a rotation return assembly 19 for returning the vertical shaft 5 to its original position is provided between the top end of the vertical shaft 5 and the top horizontal plate 18. The limiting blocks 13 restrict the extreme angle of the bollard's rotation around the rotation axis. During mooring, the direction of the mooring line is not always ideally perpendicular to the shore; in many cases, it deviates from the ideal direction. After mooring, the bollard is subjected to the mooring force and rotates around the vertical shaft 5. The design of the limiting blocks 13 can prevent damage to the bollard structure caused by improper mooring, limit the rotation angle, and thus increase the reliability of the device.

[0063] Furthermore, the rotary return assembly 19 includes a limiting rod 1901 fixed to the top of the vertical rotating shaft 5. The end of the limiting rod 1901 cooperates with a telescopic rod 1902 that is slidably fitted inside a sliding sleeve 1903. The sliding sleeve 1903 is fixed to the top of the top horizontal plate 18, and a first spring 1904 is provided between the telescopic rod 1902 and the sliding sleeve 1903. The rotary return assembly 19 ensures subsequent…

[0064] Furthermore, a cable limiting rod 20 is vertically fixed on the lower outer wall of the mooring post 10; the cable limiting rod 20 can be used to block and limit the cable on the mooring post 10.

[0065] Furthermore, the top end of the tension spring 23 is hooked onto the connecting plate 21, which is fixed to the top edge of the top horizontal plate 18. The tension spring 23 is used to consistently tighten the hook tongue block 15, ensuring normal disengagement during the subsequent disengagement process.

[0066] Furthermore, a limiting screw 22 is installed on the connecting plate 21 for limiting contact with the top end of the hook tongue block 15. The limiting screw 22 can limit the reset and flipping angle of the hook tongue block 15.

[0067] Furthermore, the hook block 15 includes a hook block body 1502. One end of the hook block body 1502 is provided with a U-shaped hinge joint 1501, which is hinged to the upper rotating shaft 16. The other end of the hook block body 1502 is provided with a hook head body 1503. The lower end face of the hook head body 1503 is provided with a hook groove 1504. The end of the hook groove 1504 is provided with a first transition slope 1505 and a second transition slope 1506. The hook block 15 facilitates the hooking or loosening of the top pin 28, thereby realizing the locking or unhooking operation. When the cable attached to the mooring post 10 exerts a large tension on the mooring post 10, causing the entire mooring post to tilt, the top spring 26 is compressed. The hook tongue block 15 rotates clockwise with the shaft due to the tilt of the mooring post. The tension spring 23, which connects the upper surface of the hook tongue block 15 to the upper end of the rotating base, pulls the hook tongue block 15 upwards. Due to the special inclined surface design at the top, the top pin 28 will slip out from the hook groove 1504 at the lower end of the hook tongue block 15. The hook design of the hook groove 1504 is as follows... Figure 8-10 As shown, this achieves the purpose of automatic unhooking. Whether the mooring line is forgotten or the buoy is stuck due to the drop in water level and subjected to downward tension on the mooring line, automatic unhooking can be completed, allowing the mooring line to slip off the bollard and avoid safety incidents.

[0068] Furthermore, the elastic top pin mechanism includes a horizontal hinge block 24 hinged between the rotating arms 7. A guide rod 27 is fixed on the horizontal hinge block 24, and an adjusting nut 25 is fitted on the guide rod 27. The top end of the guide rod 27 is in sliding engagement with the center hole of the top pin 28. A tensioning spring 26 is fitted on the guide rod 27 between the top pin 28 and the adjusting nut 25. Compression of the elastic top pin mechanism enables disengagement. Adjusting the adjusting nut 25 adjusts the compression of the tensioning spring 26.

[0069] Furthermore, the top pin 28 includes a top pin insertion block 2802, with retaining edges 2801 on both sides of the bottom end of the top pin insertion block 2802, and a first mating inclined surface 2804 for cooperating with the hook groove 1504 at the top end of the top pin insertion block 2802, and a second mating inclined surface 2803 at the end of the first mating inclined surface 2804.

[0070] After the automatic unhooking function is activated, the top pin 28 is positioned outside the bottom end of the hook tongue block 15. At this time, the tension spring 23 on the upper surface of the hook tongue block 15 is in a stretched state, tending to pull the hook tongue block 15 back counterclockwise. During the process of the upper return spring pulling the hook tongue block 15 back counterclockwise, the inclined surface at the top of the top pin 28 slides back to the inside of the hook tongue block 15 through the three inclined surfaces at the bottom end of the hook tongue block 15. The three sections at the bottom end of the hook tongue block 15 are designed as follows: Figure 10 As can be seen, the first section is a 45° chamfered slope, the second section is a slope with an angle of 13° to the vertical direction, and the third section is a flat section in the vertical direction. During the reset process of the top spring 26, the entire bollard will be subjected to the tension springs 23 on both sides of the rotating base, and will gradually return from the tilted state after automatic unhooking to the normal vertical state. The automatic reset function is realized, which saves the workload of manually resetting the bollard. Compared with the one-time unhooking device, after the bollard is unhooked, it sinks into the river channel, which reduces pollution and salvage work, and also reduces the maintenance workload of the lock management department, saving economic costs.

[0071] Furthermore, the guide block 8 has a first insertion hole 804 for inserting and engaging with the hook body 1503. The first insertion hole 804 intersects with a second insertion hole 803 for inserting and engaging with the top pin block 2802. On the other side of the second insertion hole 803, a cavity 801 is provided for engaging with the top end of the rotating arm 7. Bolt holes 805 are machined on the cavity 801. The top end of the guide block 8 has a mooring post fixing groove 802 for fixing the mooring post 10. By reserving space inside the guide block 8 for the hook tongue block 15 to move within, ... Figure 13-15 The reserved space can be seen. This design makes it easier for the part to fail to detach due to insufficient space during the detachment process. The three parts are combined together and then connected to the vertical rotating shaft 5 via shafts to form a whole.

[0072] Furthermore, a reset mechanism for centering and resetting the vertical rotating shaft 5 is provided between the mounting base structure 2 and the guide block 8. The reset mechanism includes ear plates 11 fixed on the two outer walls of the mounting base structure 2. The ear plates 11 are connected to the end of the crossbar 9 through a tension spring 12. The crossbar 9 is fixed to the top of the guide block 8.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] A method for operating an automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock:

[0075] Implementation of automatic unhooking function:

[0076] During the operation of the floating mooring bollard, if a change in water level causes the buoy 30 to become stuck or the vessel leaves without untying the mooring line, the cable attached to the mooring bollard 10 will instantly tighten, generating a large pulling force. This will cause the mooring bollard 10 to rotate around the lower pivot 6, and the hook tongue block 15 will rotate around the upper pivot 16. The bottom end of the hook tongue block 15 will exert pressure on the elastic top pin mechanism, thereby pressing the top spring 26. When this pressure reaches the critical requirement of the top spring 26, the top pin 28 will automatically slip off the hook tongue block 15, thus completing the automatic unhooking function.

[0077] Whether the mooring line is forgotten or the buoy gets stuck due to the drop in water level and the downward tension on the mooring line, the system can automatically unhook the mooring line, allowing it to slip off the mooring post 10 and preventing any safety issues.

[0078] The reset function includes the reset of the mooring post 10 after automatic unhooking, normal unmooring, and in the case of no mooring rope:

[0079] The automatic unhooking reset is achieved by the mooring post 10 slowly resetting under the force of the top pin 28 and the tightening spring 26 until it is properly latched by the bottom of the hook tongue block 15, thus restoring it to the unhooked state. Here, the surface of the hook tongue block 15 is provided with a rubber anti-collision block, which prevents the tightening spring 26 from being too fast and causing excessive instantaneous stress during the reset process, thus avoiding damage to the bottom of the part. This design plays a buffering role in the reset process.

[0080] The reset in the absence of a mooring line is due to the fact that during the operation of the mooring bollard, the direction in which the crew moored the line from the docked vessel may be different, often deviating from the vertical direction of the side of the shore where the floating mooring bollard is located. After the line is unmoored normally, in order to facilitate the next normal mooring, the tension springs 12 on the left and right sides of the mooring bollard 10 will drive the vertical rotating shaft 5 to rotate due to the different forces on the two sides, so that the mooring bollard 10 always remains in a centered state, that is, the mooring bollard 10 is always located at the geometric center of the rotating base in the horizontal direction.

[0081] Limiting blocks 13 are provided on both sides of the upper half of the mounting base structure 2 to limit the extreme angle of rotation of the mooring bollard 10 around the vertical shaft 5. During the mooring process, the direction of the mooring line is not always ideally perpendicular to the shore. In many cases, it will deviate from the ideal direction. After mooring, the mooring bollard 10 will be subjected to the mooring force and rotate around the vertical shaft 5. The design of the rotation angle limiting device can avoid damage to the mooring bollard structure caused by improper mooring, limit the rotation angle, and thus increase the reliability of the device.

Claims

1. An automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock, characterized in that: It includes a mounting structure (2) for fixed connection with existing pontoon side plates (1), a vertical shaft (5) is rotatably mounted on the mounting structure (2), a rotating arm (7) is hinged to the lower part of the vertical shaft (5) via a lower shaft (6), a guide block (8) is fixed to the top of the rotating arm (7), a mooring post (10) is fixed to the top of the guide block (8), and a hook tongue block (15) is hinged to the upper part of the vertical shaft (5) via an upper shaft (16). A tension spring (23) is connected between the top of the block (15) and the mounting structure (2). The hook block (15) is inserted into the first insertion hole (804) inside the guide block (8). An elastic top pin mechanism is hinged on the rotating arm (7). The top of the elastic top pin mechanism is fitted with a top pin (28). The top pin (28) is inserted into the second insertion hole (803) inside the guide block (8). The top of the top pin (28) and the hook block (15) form a detachable hook connection.

2. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting structure (2) includes a base plate that is fixedly connected to the outside of the float side plate (1). A bottom horizontal plate (3) is fixed on the lower outer wall of the base plate, and a middle horizontal plate (14) and a top horizontal plate (18) are fixed on the upper outer wall of the base plate. A vertical rotating shaft (5) is rotatably installed between the bottom horizontal plate (3), the middle horizontal plate (14) and the top horizontal plate (18) through a bearing (4).

3. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the outer wall of the base plate and below the middle horizontal plate (14), there are symmetrically installed limiting blocks (13) for rotating and limiting the guide block (8); between the top end of the vertical shaft (5) and the top horizontal plate (18), there is a rotation return assembly (19) for returning the vertical shaft (5) to its original position.

4. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary return assembly (19) includes a limiting rod (1901) fixed to the top of the vertical rotating shaft (5). The end of the limiting rod (1901) cooperates with the telescopic rod (1902) which is slidably fitted inside the sliding sleeve (1903). The sliding sleeve (1903) is fixed to the top of the top horizontal plate (18). A first spring (1904) is provided between the telescopic rod (1902) and the sliding sleeve (1903).

5. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cable limiting rod (20) is vertically fixed on the lower outer wall of the mooring post (10). The top end of the tension spring (23) is hooked onto the connecting plate (21), and the connecting plate (21) is fixed to the top edge of the top horizontal plate (18); The connecting plate (21) is equipped with a limiting screw (22) for limiting contact with the top of the hook tongue block (15).

6. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook tongue block (15) includes a hook tongue block body (1502), one end of which is provided with a U-shaped hinge joint (1501), which is hinged to the upper rotating shaft (16). The other end of the hook tongue block body (1502) is provided with a hook head body (1503), and the lower end face of the hook head body (1503) is provided with a hook groove (1504). The end of the hook groove (1504) is provided with a first transition slope (1505) and a second transition slope (1506).

7. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating mooring bollard in a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic top pin mechanism includes a horizontal hinge block (24) hinged between the rotating arms (7), a guide rod (27) fixed on the horizontal hinge block (24), an adjusting nut (25) fitted on the guide rod (27), the top end of the guide rod (27) and the center hole of the top pin (28) forming a sliding fit, and a tightening spring (26) fitted on the guide rod (27) and located between the top pin (28) and the adjusting nut (25).

8. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top pin (28) includes a top pin insert (2802), with side flanges (2801) on both sides of the bottom end of the top pin insert (2802), and a first mating inclined surface (2804) for cooperating with the hook groove (1504) at the top end of the top pin insert (2802), and a second mating inclined surface (2803) at the end of the first mating inclined surface (2804). The guide block (8) has a first insertion hole (804) inside for insertion and mating with the hook body (1503). The first insertion hole (804) is cross-connected with a second insertion hole (803) for insertion and mating with the top pin block (2802). On the other side of the second insertion hole (803), there is a cavity (801) for mating with the top of the rotating arm (7). The cavity (801) is machined with bolt holes (805). The top of the guide block (8) is provided with a mooring post fixing groove (802) for fixing the mooring post (10).

9. The automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reset mechanism for centering and resetting the vertical rotating shaft (5) is provided between the mounting base structure (2) and the guide block (8). The reset mechanism includes ear plates (11) fixed on the two outer walls of the mounting base structure (2). The ear plates (11) are connected to the end of the crossbar (9) through a tension spring (12). The crossbar (9) is fixed to the top of the guide block (8).

10. The operating method of the automatic unhooking and resetting device for a floating bollard in a ship lock according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Implementation of automatic unhooking function: During the operation of the floating mooring bollard, if a change in water level causes the buoy (30) to get stuck or the vessel leaves without untying the mooring line, the cable tied to the mooring bollard (10) will tighten instantly and generate a large tension, thereby pulling the mooring bollard (10) to rotate around the lower pivot (6), and the hook tongue block (15) will rotate around the upper pivot (16). The bottom end of the hook tongue block (15) will exert pressure on the elastic top pin mechanism, thereby pressing the top spring (26). When this pressure value reaches the critical requirement of the top spring (26), the top pin (28) will automatically slip off the hook tongue block (15), thereby completing the automatic unhooking function. Whether the mooring line is forgotten or the buoy gets stuck due to the drop in water level and is subjected to downward tension on the mooring line, the system can automatically unhook the mooring line, allowing it to slip off the mooring post (10) and avoid any safety issues. The reset function includes the reset of the mooring post (10) after automatic unhooking, normal unmooring, and in the case of no mooring rope: The automatic unhooking reset is achieved by the mooring post (10) being slowly reset by the top pin (28) under the force of the tightening spring (26) until it is properly latched by the bottom of the hook tongue block (15), thus restoring it to the unhooked state. Here, the surface of the hook tongue block (15) is provided with a rubber anti-collision block, so that the tightening spring (26) avoids excessive instantaneous stress due to excessive reset speed during the reset process, which may cause damage to the bottom of the part. This design plays a buffering role in the reset process. The reset in the absence of a mooring line is due to the fact that during the operation of the mooring bollard, the direction in which the crew moored the line from the docked vessel will be different, often deviating from the vertical direction of the side of the shore where the floating mooring bollard is located. After the line is untied normally, in order to facilitate the next normal mooring, the tension springs (12) on the left and right sides of the mooring bollard (10) will drive the vertical shaft (5) to rotate because of the different forces on the two sides, so that the mooring bollard (10) always remains in the center state, that is, the mooring bollard (10) is always located at the geometric center of the rotating base in the horizontal direction. Limiting blocks (13) are provided on both sides of the upper half of the mounting structure (2) to limit the extreme angle of the mooring bollard (10) rotating around the vertical shaft (5). During the mooring process, the direction of the mooring is not always ideally perpendicular to the shore. In many cases, it will deviate from the ideal direction. After mooring, the mooring bollard (10) will be subjected to the mooring force and thus rotate around the vertical shaft (5). The design of the rotation angle limiting device can avoid the situation of damage to the mooring bollard structure caused by non-standard mooring, limit the rotation angle, and thus increase the reliability of the device.

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