Particle jet coupling resonance rock breaking device and rock breaking method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a particle jet coupling resonance rock breaking device and method, the device comprising a circulating water storage tank, a mud pump, a particle storage tank, a storage tank bearing table, a rotary top drive, a lifting platform, a transducer frequency regulator, a control cabinet, a safety valve, a spiral propulsion device, a resonance rock breaking workbench, a regulator workbench, and an experimental kettle, an electric hydraulic cylinder and a top drive rotary dynamic sealing module, etc. The device can couple the combined action of particle jet impact, drill bit vibration and drill bit rotary cutting by assembling the aforementioned components, carry out mechanical drill bit plus particle jet impact and drill bit vibration rock breaking operation, and realize multi-parameter rock breaking effect test under the influence of jet velocity, particle size, impact angle, particle proportion and vibration frequency during operation. The rock samples can involve granite, shale and marble, and the drilling conditions can involve drilling pressure and drilling speed. The device can be used to realize the optimization analysis of particle jet coupling resonance rock breaking parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of oil drilling, and more specifically, to an apparatus and method for resonant rock breaking via particle jet coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas resources, as national strategic resources, are crucial to national economic security and sustainable development. With my country's rapid economic development and the gradual depletion of shallow oil and gas resources, the development of deep oil and gas reservoirs in complex formations has gradually become a key focus of petroleum exploration. Currently, my country's discovered deep and ultra-deep oil and gas fields are characterized by their large scale and abundant resources, but they also face drilling challenges such as burial depth, high temperature, high pressure, and high hardness. Research challenges in deep well drilling include: depth (deep burial), steepness (large formation dip), narrowness (narrow pressure window), high temperature (high pressure and high acidity), thickness (thick gravel layers), and difficulty (complex multi-pressure systems, frequent accidents, and poor drillability), resulting in slow mechanical drilling speeds, low rock-breaking efficiency, long drilling cycles, and high drilling costs. Therefore, drilling speed and rock-breaking efficiency in hard formations in deep wells have become key technical challenges restricting the rapid development of deep well drilling.

[0003] Existing literature has researched efficient drilling and rock-breaking methods for deep wells with hard rock formations. For example, high-frequency resonance-assisted rock-breaking methods, such as those published in CN103982131A and CN112576196A, primarily utilize high-frequency, high-vibration, low-amplitude vibrations to induce resonance in the rock. This leads to rapid accumulation of internal rock damage and reduced fatigue strength, thus achieving rapid drilling. However, this resonant rock-breaking process is prone to damage to the wellbore wall due to resonance. Furthermore, because the resonant frequency of the rock is inversely proportional to its volume, it is difficult to break down intact rock into blocks to induce resonance, which is a significant factor hindering the rapid development of resonant drilling. Additionally, as shown in publication CN114294001A, the heat generation during resonant rock-breaking is also an objective technical problem that needs to be addressed.

[0004] Particle jet impact can break up intact rock into independent blocks, reducing rock-breaking strength and inducing resonance phenomena. It also protects the wellbore from the resonance waves, safeguarding its integrity and safety. Therefore, there is an objective need for a device capable of conducting experiments on the effects of various factors on rock-breaking efficiency, including multi-functional (mechanical drill bit, mechanical drill bit + particle jet, mechanical drill bit + drill bit vibration, mechanical drill bit + particle jet + drill bit vibration), multi-parameter (jet velocity, particle size, impact angle, particle ratio, vibration frequency), multi-rock sample (granite, shale, marble), and multi-drilling conditions (drill pressure, drilling speed). This would allow for the optimization analysis of particle jet coupled resonance rock-breaking parameters. While the literature (CN106968600A) presents a rock-breaking device using particle jet impact, its functionality is limited, unable to simulate real-world conditions, and cannot perform optimization analysis of particle jet coupled resonance rock-breaking parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure proposes a particle jet coupled resonance rock breaking device and method, which can solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, enable rapid drilling with relatively low drilling pressure and torque, significantly improve rock breaking efficiency, avoid resonance damage to the wellbore wall, and can well simulate the field working conditions, thus enabling the optimization analysis of particle jet coupled resonance rock breaking parameters.

[0006] The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device disclosed herein, Scheme 1: The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device includes a circulating water tank 1, a mud pump inlet pipe 2, a mud pump 3, a main pipe 4, and a secondary pipe 6. Its unique feature is that: The device also includes a particle storage tank 7, a storage tank support platform 8, a spiral propulsion control motor 9, a spiral propulsion reducer 10, a rotary top drive 11, a lifting platform 12, a transducer frequency regulator 13, a spiral propulsion device 16, a resonant rock-breaking workbench 17, a regulator workbench 18, an experimental vessel 19, a transducer module 27, a particle jet drill bit 28, and an electric hydraulic cylinder 20. The drilling fluid stored in the circulating water tank 1 enters the mud pump 3 through the mud pump inlet pipe 2. The circulating water tank 1 and the mud pump inlet pipe 2 have built-in filter screens. The mud pump inlet pipe 2 is connected to the circulating water tank 1 and the mud pump 3 by flanges. The main pipeline is connected to the mud pump 3 by a flange; the drilling fluid pressurized by the mud pump 3 enters the main pipeline 4 and the auxiliary pipeline 6 respectively. The main pipeline 4 is connected to the rotary top drive 11 and the screw propulsion device 16 via flanges; The screw propulsion device 16 includes a screw propulsion control motor 9, a screw propulsion reducer 10, a screw and a sealing assembly 33; the screw propulsion device 16 is flange-connected to the particle storage tank 7; the impact particles in the particle storage tank 7 are injected into the main pipeline 4 under the rotation of the screw and sealing assembly 33. The particle storage tank 7 is used to store impact particles. The particle storage tank is connected to the auxiliary pipeline 6 and the screw propulsion device 16 through high-pressure hoses and flanges, respectively. The particle storage tank 7 is fixed to the storage tank support platform 8 by bolts. The impact particles in the particle storage tank 7 are injected into the main pipeline 4 through the screw propulsion device 16 and mixed with the drilling fluid to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid that enters the pipeline of the rotary top drive 11. The lower end of the particle storage tank 7 is connected to the screw propulsion device 16. By adjusting the screw propulsion control motor 9 to control the speed of the screw propulsion reducer 10 and the screw and sealing assembly 33, the particle injection speed can be controlled, thereby adjusting the particle ratio in the drilling fluid. The rotary top drive 11 is fixed to the resonant rock-breaking worktable 17 and connected to the main pipeline. While keeping the main pipeline 4 stationary, it can ensure the high-pressure sealing of the drilling fluid and the rotation of the rotary top drive 11 at a certain speed. The transducer module 27 and the particle jet drill bit 28 are connected below the rotary top drive 11. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is accelerated by the inner pipe of the transducer module 27 and the particle jet drill bit 28 to form a subsonic particle jet for impacting the rock 31. The transducer module 27 is regulated by the transducer frequency regulator 13 to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude, and drives the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate; the transducer module 27 can convert high-frequency electrical energy into mechanical vibration and amplify the vibration, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate on the contact surface of the rock 31. The transducer frequency regulator 13 is fixed on the regulator workbench 18 with anti-static function. By adjusting the output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator 13, the vibration amplitude and frequency of the transducer module 27 can be changed, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate on the rock 31. The resonant rock-breaking worktable 17 provides load-bearing force for the rotary top drive 11, and is connected to the lifting platform 12 through roller guide rails to realize the lifting and lowering movement of the lifting platform 12 to meet the drilling footage requirements; an electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 12, and the contact surface between the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 and the lifting platform 12 is fixed with a groove. The electric hydraulic cylinder 20 controls the lifting platform 12 to move up and down along the resonant rock-breaking worktable 17, thereby driving the experimental vessel 19 to move up and down. The experimental vessel 19 is used to place the rock 31 and has the functions of fixing the rock sample, applying confining pressure, and solid-liquid separation. The drilling fluid is discharged from the outlet of the experimental vessel 19.

[0007] Option 2: Based on Option 1, add a control cabinet 14 to the component to obtain Option 2, as follows: The device also includes a control cabinet 14, a pressure gauge 5, and a safety valve 15. The pressure gauge 5 is installed on the main pipeline 4, and the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the main pipeline 4 can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the mud pump 3. The safety valve 15 is installed on the main pipeline 4, and when the pressure exceeds the threshold, the safety valve 15 opens to allow drilling fluid overflow, thereby ensuring the safety of the system. Control cabinet 14 controls the rock breaking process via signal lines and wireless signals. The specific control path is as follows: The flow rate of the mud pump 3 is controlled by the signal line L1 in the form of a wired signal, thereby controlling the pressure of the main pipeline 4 and the pressure gauge 5. The working speed of two symmetrical pinion motors 21 and pinion reducers 22 is controlled by signal line L2 in the form of wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of pinion 24 and center gear 25, thus realizing the control of the rotation speed of particle jet drill bit 28. The working speed of the screw propulsion control motor 9 and the screw propulsion reducer 10 is controlled by the signal line L3 in the form of wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the screw and sealing assembly 33 in the screw propulsion device 16, so as to realize the mixing of particles from the particle storage tank 7 into the main pipeline 4 at a certain injection speed. The output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator 13 is controlled by the signal line L4 in the form of a wired signal, thereby controlling the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module 27; the pressure value of the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled by the wireless signal to ensure the drilling pressure value during the drilling and rock breaking process.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary top drive 11 includes a pinion motor 21, a pinion reducer 22, an upper connecting flange 23, a pinion 24, a center gear 25, a lower connecting flange 26, and a rotary dynamic sealing module 34. The pinion motor 21 is a stepper motor, and the pinion reducer 22 can output the rotational speed of the pinion motor 21 according to the reduction ratio, thereby controlling the rotational speed of the pinion 24 and the center gear 25. The upper connecting flange 23 is connected to the rotary dynamic sealing module 34 by bolts. The top drive rotary dynamic seal module 34 is installed on the resonant rock breaking worktable 17, which not only ensures the rotation function of the rotary top drive 11, but also realizes the high-pressure dynamic seal of the drilling fluid; the rotary top drive 11 is connected to the main pipeline 4 through the top drive rotary dynamic seal module 34. The top drive lower connecting flange 26 is connected to the transducer module 27 by bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, the pinion motor 21, the pinion reducer 22, and the pinion 24 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central gear 25, and synchronously drive the central gear 25 to rotate through gear meshing, which can ensure the smoothness of rotation; the pinion reducer 22 can increase the torque of the pinion motor 21 and reduce its speed, thereby providing a greater driving torque for the central gear 25.

[0010] Furthermore, the screw propulsion control motor 9 is a servo motor, and the screw propulsion reducer 10 is used to increase the torque of the screw propulsion control motor 9 and reduce the rotational speed of the screw propulsion device 16. The screw propulsion control motor 9 controls the output speed of the screw propulsion device 16 through the screw propulsion reducer 10 according to a certain reduction ratio, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the screw and sealing assembly 33.

[0011] Furthermore, the experimental vessel 19 includes a quick-release safety plate 29, a screen 30, and a fixing clamp 32; the quick-release safety plate 29 has a symmetrical structure on both sides and is provided with a central hole, which can prevent drilling fluid from splashing and ensure drill bit insertion; The fixing clamp 32 is a hexahedral structure that can be filled with filling material in the middle, used to fix the rock 31 and restrict the bidirectional displacement and rotation of the rock 31; The screen 30 is located between the quick-release safety plate 29 and the fixing clamp 32. It is made of stainless steel and has a wire diameter of 0.5mm. It can prevent particle splashes from damaging the quick-release safety plate 29.

[0012] Furthermore, the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 has a built-in wireless module and a drilling pressure control module, which enables wireless control and drilling pressure feedback. During operation, the required drilling pressure value is set in the control cabinet 14, and the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled to work via wireless signal. When the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 moves up and down in the vertical direction, the lifting platform 12 will carry the experimental vessel 19 and follow it to move up and down in the vertical direction. At this time, the drilling pressure control module built into the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 will monitor the drilling pressure. When the drilling pressure value reaches the set drilling pressure value, the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 stops moving, and the lifting platform 12 also stops moving.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle jet drill bit 28 has several acceleration nozzles with different installation angles built in, which are used to increase the velocity of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid and form multiple impact destruction domains.

[0014] Solution 3: Another aspect of this disclosure is to propose a method for rock breaking using the particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking device described in Solution 2, characterized by operating according to the following steps: First, connect the power supply and turn on the control cabinet 14. Test the working status of the mud pump 3, pinion motor 21, screw propulsion control motor 9, transducer frequency regulator 13, and electric hydraulic cylinder 20 through signal lines L1-L4 and wireless signals to see if they are in a safe working condition. The second step is to start the mud pump 3 and check whether the connection and sealing of the mud pump inlet pipe 2, main pipe 4, pressure gauge 5, safety valve 15, screw propulsion device 16 and rotary top drive 11 are normal. The third step is to add test particles to the particle storage tank 7; fix the rock 31 in the fixing clamp 32 of the experimental vessel 19 to prevent sliding or rotation, and install the quick-release safety plate 29 and the sieve 30 respectively. Fourth step: Start the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 and adjust the position of the lifting platform 12 so that the particle jet drill bit 28 contacts the rock 31. Fifth, the pressure of the entire system is controlled by adjusting the mud pump 3 through the control cabinet 14; the speed of the screw propulsion control motor 9 is adjusted to control the speed at which particles are injected into the main pipe 4; the speed of the pinion motor 21 is adjusted to control the rotation speed of the particle jet drill bit 28; and the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module 27 are controlled by adjusting the transducer frequency regulator 13. In the sixth step, the drilling fluid and particles are mixed in the main pipeline 4 under the action of the mud pump 3 and the screw propulsion device 16 to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is then passed sequentially through the rotating top drive 11, the transducer module 27, and the particle jet drill bit 28 to form a subsonic particle jet. The subsonic particle jet enters the experimental vessel 19 and impacts and breaks the rock 31. The transducer module 27 generates mechanical vibration, which drives the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate and break the rock 31. At the same time, the particle jet drill bit 28 generates rotary shearing damage under the drive of the rotating top drive 11. The impact damage of the particle jet, the vibration damage of the drill bit, and the rotary shearing damage of the drill bit together constitute the particle jet coupled resonance rock breaking effect. Step 7: Repeat the experiment and record the results: After completing the experimental objective, shut down the entire experimental system via control cabinet 14; open the experimental vessel 19, remove the rock-crushed sample, and measure and record the results; when other experimental objectives need to be performed, repeat steps 3 to 6 above. After all experiments are completed, shut down the entire experimental system via control cabinet 14 and turn off the power; compile and record the experimental results.

[0015] The above-described at least one technical solution adopted in one or more embodiments of this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects: First, the particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking method provided in this device involves the coupling of three processes: impact breaking, resonant damage, and drill bit rotary cutting. For impact breaking, drilling fluid in the circulating water tank enters the mud pump through the mud pump inlet pipe 2, and after being pressurized by the mud pump, it enters the main pipeline; a small portion of the drilling fluid is fully mixed with the particles in the particle storage tank through the auxiliary pipeline, and is discharged back into the main pipeline through the helical propulsion device; most of the drilling fluid mixes with the injected particles in the main pipeline to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid, which is then sprayed onto the rock surface in the experimental vessel through the rotating top drive, transducer module, and particle jet drill bit, creating a breaking groove region D, thereby impacting and dividing the intact rock at the bottom of the well into multiple independent regions. For resonant damage, the transducer module generates mechanical vibration under the control of the transducer frequency regulator, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit to vibrate on the rock surface, inducing resonant damage at the action area A of the rock. For rotary cutting, the pinion motor drives the pinion reducer and the pinion to rotate, and drives the rotation of the central gear through gear meshing, thereby driving the transducer module and the particle jet drill bit to rotate. Rocks that have already suffered resonance damage and impact damage can be drilled quickly with relatively low drilling pressure and torque. At the same time, the diameter protection tooth action area B can avoid wellbore damage under the action of the diameter protection tooth of the particle jet drill bit.

[0016] The presence of the fractured groove region D divides the rock into action region A and action region B. The transducer module induces drill bit vibration acting on action region A. The rock in this region will suffer multiple damages due to impact and resonance, making it very easy to be sheared and destroyed by the particle jet drill bit. Action region B can protect the wellbore wall region C from the resonance damage, ensuring the stability and safety of the wellbore wall region C.

[0017] Therefore, the device provided in this disclosure utilizes the combined effects of particle jet impact, resonant damage, and drill bit rotary cutting. By using the impact of the particle jet to divide intact rock into independent regions, it can significantly reduce the rock's destructive strength. Even deep, abrasion-resistant rock layers under high temperature, high pressure, high hardness, and high confining pressure can be easily broken with relatively low torque and drill pressure. On the one hand, it reduces the rock-breaking strength and induces resonance phenomena; on the other hand, it protects the wellbore from the impact of rock resonance, thus preserving the wellbore's integrity and safety.

[0018] Secondly, the device provided in this disclosure makes full use of longitudinal vibration during rock breaking, without requiring a large drilling pressure, which can reduce the pressure on the drill string and reduce the probability of drill string fatigue, wear and breakage.

[0019] Furthermore, the device provided in this disclosure can reduce rock-breaking strength due to impact and resonance phenomena, without requiring a large drill bit torque, thus reducing drill bit wear or tooth breakage and ensuring the safety and stability of the system. In addition, using the device provided in this disclosure, even when resonance does not occur, particle jets can still be used to impact the rock at the bottom of the well to reduce the rock breaking strength, and then the drill bit can be used for rapid drilling. In summary, the apparatus and method disclosed herein enable rapid drilling with relatively low drilling pressure and torque, significantly improving rock breaking efficiency while avoiding resonant damage to the wellbore wall. It can effectively simulate on-site working conditions and thus achieve optimized analysis of particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking parameters.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0021] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking device under a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from a downward angle.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a left view of a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the experimental vessel in a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the operation of the lifting platform in a particle jet coupled resonance rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of rock fragmentation during the rock breaking process.

[0030] Figure 8 This is an operation flowchart of a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Circulating water tank, 2-Mud pump inlet pipe, 3-Mud pump, 4-Main pipe, 5-Pressure gauge, 6-Secondary pipe, 7-Particle storage tank, 8-Storage tank support platform, 9-Screw propulsion control motor, 10-Screw propulsion reducer, 11-Rotary top drive, 12-Lifting platform, 13-Transducer frequency regulator, 14-Control cabinet, 15-Safety valve, 16-Screw propulsion device, 17-Resonant rock breaking workbench, 18-Regulator 19-Experimental vessel, 20-Electric hydraulic cylinder, 21-Pinary gear motor, 22-Pinary gear reducer, 23-Top drive upper connecting flange, 24-Pinary gear, 25-Center gear, 26-Top drive lower connecting flange, 27-Transducer module, 28-Particle jet drill bit, 29-Quick release safety plate, 30-Screw, 31-Rock, 32-Fixing clamp, 33-Screw and sealing assembly, 34-Top drive rotary dynamic sealing module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0033] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0034] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking experimental device includes a circulating water tank 1, a mud pump inlet pipe 2, a mud pump 3, a main pipe 4, a pressure gauge 5, a secondary pipe 6, a particle storage tank 7, a storage tank support platform 8, a screw propulsion control motor 9, a screw propulsion reducer 10, a rotary top drive 11, a lifting platform 12, a transducer frequency regulator 13, a control cabinet 14, a safety valve 15, a screw propulsion device 16, a resonant rock-breaking workbench 17, a regulator workbench 18, an experimental vessel 19, an electric hydraulic cylinder 20, a pinion motor 21, a pinion reducer 22, a top drive upper connecting flange 23, a pinion 24, a central gear 25, a top drive lower connecting flange 26, a transducer module 27, a particle jet drill bit 28, a quick-release safety plate 29, a screen 30, a rock 31, a fixing clamp 32, a screw and sealing assembly 33, a top drive rotary dynamic sealing module 34, and signal lines L1-L4. Drilling fluid stored in the circulating water tank 1 enters the mud pump 3 through the mud pump inlet pipe 2. Both the circulating water tank 1 and the mud pump inlet pipe 2 have built-in filter screens. The mud pump inlet pipe 2 is connected to the circulating water tank 1 and the mud pump 3 via flanges. A pressure gauge 5 and a safety valve 15 are installed on the main pipe 4, which is also connected to the mud pump 3 via flanges. The drilling fluid, pressurized by the mud pump 3, enters the main pipe 4 and the auxiliary pipe 6. The main pipe 4 is connected to the rotary top drive 11 and the screw propulsion device 16 via flanges. The particle storage tank 7 stores impact particles and is connected to the auxiliary pipe 6 and the screw propulsion device 16 via high-pressure hoses and flanges, respectively. The particle storage tank 7 is bolted to the tank support platform 8. The impact particles in the particle storage tank 7 are injected into the main pipe 4 through the screw propulsion device 16 and mix with the drilling fluid to form... A solid-liquid two-phase fluid enters the pipe of the rotary top drive 11; the rotary top drive 11 is fixed to the resonant rock-breaking worktable 17 and connected to the main pipe through the top drive rotary dynamic sealing module 34; a transducer module 27 and a particle jet drill bit 28 are connected below the rotary top drive 11; the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is accelerated by the inner pipe of the transducer module 27 and the particle jet drill bit 28 to form a subsonic particle jet impacting the rock 31; the transducer module 27 is regulated by the transducer frequency regulator 13 to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude, and drives the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate; the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 can drive the lifting platform 12 to move up and down, realizing the drilling footage process; the superposition of the vibration of the particle jet drill bit 28, the subsonic particle jet impact, and the rock-breaking effect of the drill bit rotary cutting forms the particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking process.

[0036] Pressure gauge 5 is installed on the main pipeline 4. By adjusting the speed of mud pump 3, the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the main pipeline 4 can be controlled. Safety valve 15 is installed on the main pipeline 4. When the pressure exceeds the threshold, safety valve 15 opens to allow drilling fluid overflow, thereby ensuring the safety of the system. The lower end of particle storage tank 7 is connected to screw propulsion device 16. By adjusting the speed of screw propulsion reducer 10 and screw and sealing assembly 33 controlled by screw propulsion control motor 9, the particle injection speed can be controlled, thereby adjusting the particle ratio in the drilling fluid. Rotary top drive 11 is connected to the main pipeline 4 through top drive rotary dynamic sealing module 34. While keeping the main pipeline 4 stationary, it can ensure high-pressure sealing of drilling fluid and ensure that rotary top drive 11 rotates at a certain speed. Resonant rock breaking worktable 17 can provide load-bearing force for rotary top drive 11. Simultaneously, the lifting platform 12 is connected to the roller guide rail to realize the lifting and lowering movement of the lifting platform 12 to meet the drilling footage requirements; an electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 12, which controls the lifting platform 12 to move up and down along the resonant rock breaking workbench 17, thereby driving the experimental vessel 19 to move up and down; the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 has a pressure feedback function, which sets a constant pressure value to ensure that the pressure between the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 and the lifting platform 12 is constant, thereby achieving the requirement of controllable drilling pressure; the transducer module 27 can convert high-frequency electrical energy into mechanical vibration and amplify the vibration, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate on the contact surface of the rock 31; the rock 31 is placed in the experimental vessel 19, which has the functions of fixing the rock sample, applying confining pressure, and solid-liquid separation, and the drilling fluid is discharged from the outlet of the experimental vessel 19.

[0037] The control cabinet 14 controls the entire experimental setup via signal lines L1-L4 and wireless signals. Specifically, the control methods are as follows: Signal line L1 controls the flow rate of the mud pump 3 via wired signal, thereby controlling the pressure of the main pipeline 4 and pressure gauge 5; signal line L2 controls the operating speed of the two symmetrical pinion motors 21 and pinion reducers 22 via wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the pinion 24 and central gear 25, thus controlling the rotation speed of the particle jet drill bit 28; signal line L3 controls the operating speed of the screw propulsion control motor 9 and screw propulsion reducer 10 via wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the screw and sealing assembly 33 in the screw propulsion device 16, thus mixing particles from the particle storage tank 7 into the main pipeline 4 at a certain injection speed; signal line L4 controls the output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator 13 via wired signal, thereby controlling the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module 27; and wirelessly controls the pressure value of the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 to ensure the drilling pressure value during the drilling and rock breaking process.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the rotary top drive 11 includes a pinion motor 21, a pinion reducer 22, an upper connecting flange 23, a pinion 24, a center gear 25, a lower connecting flange 26, and a rotary dynamic sealing module 34. The pinion motor 21 is a stepper motor. The pinion reducer 22 outputs the rotational speed of the pinion motor 21 according to the reduction ratio, thereby controlling the rotational speeds of the pinion 24 and the center gear 25. The upper connecting flange 23 is bolted to the rotary dynamic sealing module 34. The rotary dynamic sealing module 34 is installed on the resonant rock-breaking worktable 17, ensuring both the rotational function of the rotary top drive 11 and achieving high-pressure dynamic sealing of the drilling fluid. The lower connecting flange 26 is bolted to the transducer module 27. In the rotary top drive, the pinion motor 21, the pinion reducer 22, and the pinion 24 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central gear 25. They synchronously drive the central gear 25 to rotate through gear meshing, which can ensure the smoothness of rotation. The pinion reducer 22 can increase the torque of the pinion motor 21 and reduce its speed, thereby providing a greater driving torque for the central gear 25.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the transducer frequency regulator 13 needs to be fixed on the regulator workbench 18 with anti-static function. By adjusting the output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator 13, the vibration amplitude and frequency of the transducer module 27 can be changed, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate on the rock 31 to achieve the purpose of vibration rock breaking.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the screw propulsion device 16 includes a screw propulsion control motor 9, a screw propulsion reducer 10, a screw, and a sealing assembly 33. The screw propulsion control motor 9 is a servo motor. The screw propulsion reducer 10 can increase the torque of the screw propulsion control motor 9 and reduce the rotational speed of the screw propulsion device 16. The screw propulsion control motor 9 can control the output speed of the screw propulsion device 16 according to a certain reduction ratio through the screw propulsion reducer 10, thereby controlling the rotational speed of the screw and sealing assembly 33. The screw propulsion device 16 is flange-connected to the particle storage tank 7. The impact particles in the particle storage tank 7 are injected into the main pipeline 4 under the rotational action of the screw and sealing assembly 33.

[0041] like Figure 5As shown, the experimental vessel 19 includes a quick-release safety plate 29, a sieve 30, a rock 31, and a fixing clamp 32. The quick-release safety plate 29 is symmetrical on both sides, providing quick disassembly and preventing drilling fluid splashing. The central hole in the quick-release safety plate 29 allows for drill bit insertion. The rock 31 is fixed inside the fixing clamp 32 of the experimental vessel 19. The size of the hexahedral fixing clamp 32 can be adjusted by adding filler to accommodate the size of the rock sample. The sieve 30, made of stainless steel with a wire diameter of 0.5mm, is located between the quick-release safety plate 29 and the fixing clamp 32, preventing particle splashing from damaging the quick-release safety plate 29. The fixing clamp 32 restricts the bidirectional displacement and rotational movement of the rock 31.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is positioned below the lifting platform 12 and is fixed to the lifting platform 12 by a groove at the contact surface. The electric hydraulic cylinder 20 has a built-in wireless module and a drilling pressure control module, providing wireless control and drilling pressure feedback functions. During operation, the required drilling pressure value is set in the control cabinet 14, and the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled to operate via wireless signals. When the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 moves vertically up and down, the lifting platform 12 carries the experimental vessel 19 and follows suit, moving vertically up and down. At this time, the drilling pressure control module built into the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 monitors the drilling pressure. When the drilling pressure value reaches the set value, the electric hydraulic cylinder 20 stops moving, and the lifting platform 12 also stops moving.

[0043] The particle jet drill bit 28 has a built-in acceleration nozzle that can increase the velocity of solid-liquid two-phase fluid by 10 to 20 times. At the same time, multiple acceleration nozzles are used and installed at different angles to form multiple impact destruction zones.

[0044] The particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking method disclosed herein involves the coupling of three processes: impact breaking, resonant damage, and drill bit rotary cutting. For impact breaking, drilling fluid in the circulating water tank enters the mud pump 3 through the mud pump inlet pipe 2, and is then pressurized by the mud pump 3 before entering the main pipe 4; a small portion of the drilling fluid is fully mixed with the particles in the particle storage tank 7 through the auxiliary pipe 6, and is then discharged back into the main pipe 4 through the helical propulsion device 16; most of the drilling fluid mixes with the injected particles in the main pipe 4 to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid, which is then sprayed onto the surface of the rock 31 in the experimental vessel 19 through the rotating top drive 11, transducer module 27, and particle jet drill bit 28, creating a breaking groove region D, thereby impacting and dividing the intact rock at the bottom of the well into multiple independent regions. For resonant damage, the transducer module 27 generates mechanical vibration under the control of the transducer frequency regulator 13, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate on the surface of the rock 31, inducing resonant damage at the action area A of the rock 31. For rotary cutting, the pinion motor 21 drives the pinion reducer 22 and pinion 24 to rotate, and drives the rotation of the center gear 25 through gear meshing, thereby driving the transducer module 27 and the particle jet drill bit 28 to rotate. The rock 31 that has already suffered resonance damage and impact damage can be drilled quickly under a small drilling pressure and torque. At the same time, the diameter protection tooth action area B can avoid wellbore damage under the action of the diameter protection teeth of the particle jet drill bit 28.

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the presence of the fracture groove region D divides the rock into the action region A and the action region B. The transducer module 27 induces drill bit vibration acting on the action region A. The rock in this region will suffer multiple damages due to impact and resonance, and is very easily sheared and destroyed by the particle jet drill bit 28. The action region B can protect the wellbore wall region C from the resonance damage, ensuring the stability and safety of the wellbore wall region C.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the specific operating steps of the particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking experimental device and its rock-breaking method mentioned in this disclosure are as follows: Step 1, Safety Inspection. Connect the power supply and turn on the control cabinet 14. Test the working status of the mud pump 3, pinion motor 21, screw propulsion control motor 9, transducer frequency regulator 13, and electric hydraulic cylinder 20 through signal lines L1-L4 and wireless signals respectively. Then turn on the mud pump 3 and check the connection and sealing of the mud pump inlet pipe 2, main pipe 4, pressure gauge 5, safety valve 15, screw propulsion device 16, and rotary top drive 11.

[0047] Step 2, Experimental Preparation. Add test particles to particle storage tank 7; fix rock 31 in the fixing clamp 32 of experimental vessel 19 to prevent sliding or rotation, and install quick-release safety plate 29 and screen 30 respectively; start electric hydraulic cylinder 20 to adjust the position of lifting platform 12 so that particle jet drill bit 28 contacts rock 31.

[0048] Step 3, variable control. The pressure of the entire system is controlled by adjusting the mud pump 3 through the control cabinet 14; the speed of the screw propulsion control motor 9 is adjusted to control the speed at which particles are injected into the main pipe 4; the speed of the pinion motor 21 is adjusted to control the rotation speed of the particle jet drill bit 28; and the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module 27 are controlled by adjusting the transducer frequency regulator 13.

[0049] Step 4, Experimental Implementation. Drilling fluid and particles are mixed in the main pipeline 4 under the action of mud pump 3 and screw propulsion device 16, forming a solid-liquid two-phase fluid. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid passes sequentially through rotary top drive 11, transducer module 27, and particle jet drill bit 28 to form a subsonic particle jet. The subsonic particle jet enters the experimental vessel 19 and impacts and breaks the rock 31. The transducer module 27 generates mechanical vibration, which drives the particle jet drill bit 28 to vibrate and break the rock 31. At the same time, the particle jet drill bit 28 generates rotary shearing damage under the drive of rotary top drive 11. The impact damage of the particle jet, the vibration damage of the drill bit, and the rotary shearing damage of the drill bit together constitute the particle jet coupled resonance rock breaking process.

[0050] Step 5: Repeat the experiment and record the results. After completing the experimental objective, shut down the entire experimental system via control cabinet 14; open the experimental vessel 19, remove the rock-crushed sample, and measure and record the results; repeat steps 2-4 above when other experimental objectives need to be performed. After all experiments are completed, shut down the entire experimental system via control cabinet 14 and turn off the power; compile and record the experimental results.

[0051] The experimental functions achievable by this disclosure include: investigating the effects of factors such as mechanical drill bit, mechanical drill bit + particle jet, mechanical drill bit + drill bit vibration, and mechanical drill bit + particle jet + drill bit vibration on rock breaking efficiency; investigating the effects of parameters such as different jet velocities, particle sizes, impact angles, particle ratios, and vibration frequencies on rock breaking efficiency; investigating the breaking efficiency of different rock types; and investigating the effects of drilling pressure and drilling speed on rock breaking efficiency.

[0052] The embodiments described above are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or improvements to technology in the market, or to enable other those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device, comprising a circulating water tank (1), a mud pump inlet pipe (2), a mud pump (3), a main pipe (4), and a secondary pipe (6), characterized in that: The device also includes a particle storage tank (7), a storage tank support platform (8), a spiral propulsion control motor (9), a spiral propulsion reducer (10), a rotary top drive (11), a lifting platform (12), a transducer frequency regulator (13), a spiral propulsion device (16), a resonant rock-breaking workbench (17), a regulator workbench (18), an experimental vessel (19), a transducer module (27), a particle jet drill bit (28), and an electric hydraulic cylinder (20). The drilling fluid stored in the circulating water tank (1) enters the mud pump (3) through the mud pump inlet pipe (2). The circulating water tank (1) and the mud pump inlet pipe (2) are equipped with built-in filter screens. The mud pump inlet pipe (2) is connected to the circulating water tank (1) and the mud pump (3) by flanges. The main pipeline is connected to the mud pump (3) by a flange; the drilling fluid pressurized by the mud pump (3) enters the main pipeline (4) and the auxiliary pipeline (6) respectively. The main pipeline (4) is connected to the rotary top drive (11) and the screw propulsion device (16) respectively through flanges; The screw propulsion device (16) includes a screw propulsion control motor (9), a screw propulsion reducer (10), a screw and sealing assembly (33); the screw propulsion device (16) is flange-connected to the particle storage tank (7); the impact particles in the particle storage tank (7) are injected into the main pipeline (4) under the rotation of the screw and sealing assembly (33); The particle storage tank (7) is used to store impact particles. The particle storage tank is connected to the auxiliary pipeline (6) and the screw propulsion device (16) respectively through high-pressure hoses and flanges. The particle storage tank (7) is fixed to the storage tank support platform (8) by bolts. The impact particles in the particle storage tank (7) are injected into the main pipeline (4) through the screw propulsion device (16) and mixed with the drilling fluid to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid that enters the pipeline of the rotating top drive (11). The lower end of the particle storage tank (7) is connected to the screw propulsion device (16). By adjusting the screw propulsion control motor (9) to control the speed of the screw propulsion reducer (10) and the screw and sealing assembly (33), the particle injection speed can be controlled, thereby adjusting the particle ratio in the drilling fluid. The rotary top drive (11) is fixed to the resonant rock-breaking worktable (17) and connected to the main pipeline. While ensuring that the main pipeline (4) remains stationary, it can guarantee the high-pressure sealing of the drilling fluid and ensure that the rotary top drive (11) rotates at a certain speed. The transducer module (27) and the particle jet drill bit (28) are connected below the rotary top drive (11). The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is accelerated by the inner pipeline of the transducer module (27) and the particle jet drill bit (28) to form a subsonic particle jet for impacting the rock (31). The transducer module (27) is regulated by the transducer frequency regulator (13) to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude, and drives the particle jet drill bit (28) to vibrate; the transducer module (27) can convert high-frequency electrical energy into mechanical vibration and amplify the vibration, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit (28) to vibrate on the contact surface of the rock (31); The transducer frequency regulator (13) is fixed on the regulator workbench (18) with anti-static function. By adjusting the output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator (13), the vibration amplitude and frequency of the transducer module (27) can be changed, thereby driving the particle jet drill bit (28) to vibrate on the rock (31). The resonant rock-breaking workbench (17) can provide load-bearing force for the rotary top drive (11), and at the same time, it is connected to the lifting platform (12) through the roller guide rail to realize the lifting and lowering movement of the lifting platform (12) to meet the drilling footage requirements; an electric hydraulic cylinder (20) is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform (12), and the contact surface between the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) and the lifting platform (12) is fixed with a groove. The lifting platform (12) is controlled to move up and down along the resonant rock-breaking workbench (17) through the electric hydraulic cylinder (20), thereby driving the experimental vessel (19) to move up and down; The experimental vessel (19) is used to place the rock (31) and has the functions of fixing the rock sample, applying confining pressure and solid-liquid separation. The drilling fluid is discharged from the outlet of the experimental vessel (19).

2. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary top drive (11) includes a pinion motor (21), a pinion reducer (22), an upper connecting flange (23), a pinion (24), a center gear (25), a lower connecting flange (26), and a rotary dynamic seal module (34). The pinion motor (21) is a stepper motor. The pinion reducer (22) can output the rotational speed of the pinion motor (21) according to the reduction ratio, thereby controlling the rotational speed of the pinion (24) and the center gear (25). The upper connecting flange (23) of the top drive is connected to the rotary dynamic seal module (34) of the top drive by bolts. The top drive rotary dynamic seal module (34) is installed on the resonant rock breaking workbench (17), which not only ensures the rotation function of the rotary top drive (11), but also realizes the high pressure dynamic seal of the drilling fluid; the rotary top drive (11) is connected to the main pipeline through the top drive rotary dynamic seal module (34); The top drive lower connecting flange (26) is connected to the transducer module (27) by bolts; The device also includes a control cabinet (14), a pressure gauge (5), and a safety valve (15); the pressure gauge (5) is installed on the main pipeline (4), and the flow rate of drilling fluid entering the main pipeline (4) can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the mud pump (3); the safety valve (15) is installed on the main pipeline (4), and when the pressure exceeds the threshold, the safety valve (15) opens to allow drilling fluid overflow, thereby ensuring the safety of the system; The control cabinet (14) controls the rock breaking process via signal lines and wireless signals. The specific control path is as follows: The flow rate of the mud pump (3) is controlled by the signal line L1 in the form of a wired signal, thereby controlling the pressure of the main pipeline (4) and the pressure gauge (5); The working speed of two symmetrical pinion motors (21) and pinion reducers (22) is controlled by signal line L2 in the form of wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of pinion (24) and center gear (25), thus realizing the control of the rotation speed of particle jet drill bit (28); The working speed of the screw propulsion control motor (9) and the screw propulsion reducer (10) is controlled by the signal line L3 in the form of wired signal, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the screw and sealing assembly (33) in the screw propulsion device (16), so as to realize the mixing of particles from the particle storage tank (7) into the main pipeline (4) at a certain injection speed. The output frequency of the transducer frequency regulator (13) is controlled by the signal line L4 in the form of a wired signal, thereby controlling the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module (27); the pressure value of the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) is controlled by the wireless signal to ensure the drilling pressure value during the drilling and rock breaking process.

3. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pinion motor (21), pinion reducer (22), and pinion (24) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central gear (25). They synchronously drive the central gear (25) to rotate through gear meshing, which can ensure the smoothness of rotation. The pinion reducer (22) can increase the torque of the pinion motor (21) and reduce its speed, thereby providing a greater driving torque for the central gear (25).

4. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screw propulsion control motor (9) is a servo motor, and the screw propulsion reducer (10) is used to increase the torque of the screw propulsion control motor (9) and reduce the rotation speed of the screw propulsion device (16); The screw propulsion control motor (9) controls the output speed of the screw propulsion device (16) according to a certain reduction ratio through the screw propulsion reducer (10), thereby controlling the rotation speed of the screw and sealing assembly (33).

5. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The experimental vessel (19) includes a quick-release safety plate (29), a sieve (30), and a fixing clamp (32); the quick-release safety plate (29) has a symmetrical structure on both sides and is provided with a central hole, which can prevent drilling fluid from splashing and ensure the insertion of the drill bit; The fixing clamp (32) is a hexahedral structure that can be filled in the middle, used to fix the rock (31) and restrict the bidirectional displacement and rotation of the rock (31); The screen (30) is located between the quick-release safety plate (29) and the fixing clamp (32). It is made of stainless steel and has a wire diameter of 0.5 mm. It can prevent particle splashing from damaging the quick-release safety plate (29).

6. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The electric hydraulic cylinder (20) has a built-in wireless module and a drilling pressure control module, which can realize the functions of wireless control and drilling pressure feedback; During operation, the required drilling pressure value is set in the control cabinet (14), and the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) is controlled by wireless signal. When the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) moves up and down in the vertical direction, the lifting platform (12) will carry the experimental vessel (19) to follow and move up and down in the vertical direction. At this time, the drilling pressure control module built into the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) will monitor the drilling pressure. When the drilling pressure value reaches the set drilling pressure value, the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) stops moving, and the lifting platform (12) also stops moving.

7. The particle jet coupled resonant rock-breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle jet drill bit (28) has several acceleration nozzles with different installation angles, which are used to increase the velocity of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid and form multiple impact destruction domains.

8. A method for rock breaking using any one of the particle jet coupled resonant rock breaking devices according to claims 5 to 7, characterized in that... Follow these steps: First, turn on the power and turn on the control cabinet (14). Test the working status of the mud pump (3), pinion motor (21), screw propulsion control motor (9), transducer frequency regulator (13), and electric hydraulic cylinder (20) through signal lines L1-L4 and wireless signals respectively to see if they are in a safe working state. The second step is to start the mud pump (3) and check whether the connection and sealing of the mud pump inlet pipe (2), main pipe (4), pressure gauge (5), safety valve (15), screw propulsion device (16) and rotary top drive (11) are normal. The third step is to add test particles to the particle storage tank (7); fix the rock (31) in the fixing clamp (32) of the experimental vessel (19) to prevent sliding or rotation, and install the quick-release safety plate (29) and the sieve (30) respectively. Fourth step, start the electric hydraulic cylinder (20) and adjust the position of the lifting platform (12) so that the particle jet drill bit (28) contacts the rock (31); Fifth step, adjust the mud pump (3) through the control cabinet (14) to control the pressure of the entire system; adjust the speed of the screw propulsion control motor (9) to control the speed at which particles are injected into the main pipe (4); adjust the speed of the pinion motor (21) to control the rotation speed of the particle jet drill bit (28); adjust the transducer frequency regulator (13) to control the vibration frequency and amplitude of the transducer module (27); The sixth step involves mixing the drilling fluid and particles in the main pipeline (4) under the action of the mud pump (3) and the screw propulsion device (16) to form a solid-liquid two-phase fluid. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is sequentially passed through a rotating top drive (11), a transducer module (27), and a particle jet drill bit (28) to form a subsonic particle jet; the subsonic particle jet enters the experimental vessel (19) and impacts and destroys the rock (31). The transducer module (27) generates mechanical vibration, which drives the particle jet drill bit (28) to vibrate and damage the rock (31) surface; at the same time, the particle jet drill bit (28) generates rotary shearing damage under the drive of the rotating top drive (11); the impact damage of the particle jet, the vibration damage of the drill bit, and the rotary shearing damage of the drill bit together constitute the particle jet coupled resonance rock breaking effect.

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