Electromagnetic-piezoelectric controlled dual-path injection ammonia fuel injector

The dual-injection system, controlled by a combination of solenoid valves and piezoelectric crystal valves, solves the problems of flexible injection patterns and controllable air-fuel mixture in ammonia fuel on the engine, achieving precise control of ammonia fuel injection and efficient combustion, and reducing NOx pollutant formation.

CN117489495BActive Publication Date: 2026-06-23HARBIN ENG UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
HARBIN ENG UNIV
Filing Date
2023-11-16
Publication Date
2026-06-23

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing fuel injectors are unable to meet the requirements of flexible and controllable injection patterns and air-fuel mixtures for ammonia fuel in engines, and cannot achieve precise control of multiple injections, thus limiting the application of ammonia fuel.

Method used

The dual-injection system, which employs a combination of solenoid valves and piezoelectric crystal valves for control, combined with the ammonia booster chamber and resonance effect, enables single or dual-injection modes, precisely controlling the ammonia fuel injection quantity and timing. In conjunction with the thermal management working fluid pipeline, it reduces the in-cylinder temperature under high load conditions.

Benefits of technology

It achieves flexible and precise control of the ammonia fuel injection process, improves in-cylinder combustion efficiency, reduces NOx pollutant generation, and stabilizes the injection process.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The present application aims to provide an electromagnetic-piezoelectric control dual-path ammonia fuel injector, comprising an injector body shell, an electromagnetic valve actuator assembly, a piezoelectric crystal actuator assembly and a nozzle assembly. Through the combined control of the electromagnetic valve and the piezoelectric crystal valve, the ammonia injection amount, injection timing and ammonia injection rate can be flexibly and accurately controlled by switching between single-path injection and dual-path injection working modes according to the engine operating conditions. The heat management working medium pipeline is distributed outside the inner ammonia injection path, and when the engine load is high, the in-cylinder temperature is too high, cooling medium can be introduced to liquefy the ammonia fuel injected in the inner layer, and the injected liquid ammonia is used to absorb heat and reduce the temperature, thereby reducing the pressure rise rate and reducing the generation of pollutants NOx. The pressure accumulation effect of the ammonia pressurizing chamber can effectively suppress the pressure fluctuation in the chamber during the operation of the pressurizing piston, and the design of the T-shaped ammonia return path in the resonance block utilizes the resonance effect of ammonia fuel to weaken the pressure fluctuation in the needle valve inner control chamber and the piezoelectric spring chamber during the operation of the needle valve.
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