A beamforming method, base station and apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a beamforming method, a base station and an apparatus, relating to the technical field of communication, and applied to the base station. The method comprises: counting a first number of ACK messages reported by a terminal in a preset time period and a second number of ACK messages that do not pass the activation detection; calculating a missing detection probability of the ACK messages based on the first number and the second number; selecting a target beamforming mode from preset beamforming modes based on the missing detection probability and a case that the terminal reports a strongest beam last time, wherein the preset beamforming modes comprise: a first mode of performing beamforming based on a codebook, a second mode of performing beamforming based on an SSB, and a third mode of performing beamforming by using a wide beam, and the strongest beam is a beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station; and performing beamforming based on the target beamforming mode. The scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a beamforming method, base station, and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] During the transmission of data from a base station to a terminal via the PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), beamforming can focus the antenna signal into several beams. Different beams point to different terminals, specifically transmitting signals to their designated terminals, thus achieving better signal transmission performance. In existing technologies, the base station performs beam management based on the codebook reported by the terminal, selecting a suitable beam for that terminal, performing beamforming, and transmitting signals to that terminal. However, changes in the channel environment between the base station and the terminal can cause anomalies in the terminal's codebook reporting process. Abnormal codebooks can affect the beam selection result, leading to a mismatch between the terminal and the selected beam. This can result in prolonged DCI (Downlink Control Information) missed detections, ultimately affecting the communication performance between the base station and the terminal. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a beamforming method, base station, and apparatus to improve the communication effect between the base station and the terminal. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a beamforming method applied to a base station, the method comprising:

[0005] The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted.

[0006] Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets;

[0007] Based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently, a target beamforming method is selected from the preset beamforming methods. The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on codebook, a second method of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method of beamforming using wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0008] Beamforming is performed based on the target beamforming method.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a base station, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor:

[0010] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:

[0011] The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted.

[0012] Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets;

[0013] Based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently, a target beamforming method is selected from the preset beamforming methods. The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on codebook, a second method of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method of beamforming using wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0014] Beamforming is performed based on the target beamforming method.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a beamforming device applied to a base station, the device comprising:

[0016] The quantity statistics module is used to count the first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test.

[0017] The probability calculation module is used to calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets based on the first quantity and the second quantity.

[0018] The beamforming mode selection module is used to select a target beamforming mode from preset beamforming modes based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently. The preset beamforming modes include: a first mode of beamforming based on codebook, a second mode of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third mode of beamforming using wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0019] A beamforming module is used to perform beamforming based on the target beamforming method.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described in the first aspect.

[0021] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect above.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0023] This invention provides a beamforming method in which the base station first counts the missed detection probability of ACK packets reported by the terminal, and selects a target beamforming method from preset beamforming methods based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal in the most recent time, and then performs beamforming based on the target beamforming method.

[0024] As can be seen from the above, the missed detection probability of ACK packets reflects the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of the first beamforming method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the probability of missed detection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of the second beamforming method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the third beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the fourth beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a stable beam determination process provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the fifth beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a beamforming device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Because existing technologies select beams and perform beamforming based on codebooks reported by terminals, poor communication between base stations and terminals may occur when the channel environment between them is poor. To solve the above problem, this invention provides a beamforming method, base station, and apparatus.

[0039] This invention provides a beamforming method applied to a base station, the method comprising:

[0040] The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted.

[0041] Based on the first and second quantities mentioned above, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets;

[0042] Based on the aforementioned missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal in its most recent instance, a target beamforming method is selected from the preset beamforming methods. The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on a codebook, a second method of beamforming based on an SSB, and a third method of beamforming using a wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0043] Beamforming is performed based on the aforementioned target beamforming method.

[0044] As can be seen from the above, the missed detection probability of ACK packets reflects the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0045] See Figure 1 The above is a flowchart illustrating the first beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention, applied to a base station. The method includes the following steps S101-S104.

[0046] S101: Count the first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test.

[0047] The base station can periodically count the first and second quantities every preset time period.

[0048] Specifically, the base station can periodically count the first and second quantities according to the preset CSI (Channel State Information) reporting cycle. When the CSI reporting time point in the CSI reporting cycle is reached, the base station can count the first and second quantities based on the ACK (Acknowledgment) messages reported by the terminal during the time period between the first time point of the terminal's last CSI report and the second time point of the terminal's current CSI report.

[0049] The first and second time points mentioned above refer to the times when the terminal should report CSI based on a preset CSI reporting cycle. The preset time period is the time interval between two consecutive CSI reporting times. Alternatively, the preset time period can also be a time interval set by other users.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the terminal can send ACK packets back to the base station via PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel), respectively. The base station counts the first sub-number of ACK packets sent back by the terminal via PUCCH and the second sub-number of ACK packets sent back by the terminal via PUSCH, calculates the sum of the first sub-number and the second sub-number as the first number, and determines the ACK packets that failed the activation detection among the received ACK packets, and counts the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation detection.

[0051] Specifically, it is possible to determine whether the received ACK packet passes the activation detection based on existing technology, but this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0052] In addition, the CSI reported by the terminal carries precoding matrix information, which reflects the current communication status of the terminal. The precoding matrix information contains a codebook, and the base station can perform beamforming based on the codebook after receiving the CSI.

[0053] S102: Based on the first and second quantities mentioned above, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets.

[0054] Specifically, the second quantity can be used as the dividend and the first quantity as the divisor to calculate the quotient between the second quantity and the first quantity, which can be used as the aforementioned probability of missed detection.

[0055] Alternatively, based on the first preset mapping relationship, the first quantity is mapped to the first mapping value, and based on the second preset mapping relationship, the second quantity is mapped to the second mapping value. Then, using the second mapping value as the dividend and the first mapping value as the divisor, the quotient between the second mapping value and the first mapping value is calculated, which is used as the aforementioned false negative probability.

[0056] The first preset mapping relationship is a preset correspondence between a first quantity and a first mapping value. For example, the first preset mapping relationship could be: if the first quantity is greater than 0 and less than 10, then the first mapping value corresponding to the first quantity is 10; if the first quantity is greater than 10 and less than 20, then the first mapping value corresponding to the first quantity is 20, and so on. The second preset mapping relationship is a preset correspondence between a second quantity and a second mapping value. For example, the second preset mapping relationship could be: if the second quantity is greater than 0 and less than 10, then the second mapping value corresponding to the second quantity is 8; if the second quantity is greater than 10 and less than 20, then the second mapping value corresponding to the second quantity is 18, and so on.

[0057] Furthermore, the worse the channel environment between the base station and the terminal, the greater the probability that the ACK packet fed back by the terminal will fail the activation detection. The higher the missed detection probability calculated in this embodiment of the invention, the higher the proportion of ACK packets that fail the activation detection among the ACK packets received by the base station. Therefore, the higher the missed detection probability, the worse the channel environment between the base station and the terminal.

[0058] In addition, before calculating the missed detection probability, the first quantity and the preset first quantity threshold can be compared. If the first quantity is less than the preset first quantity threshold, it means that the base station received a small number of ACK packets within the preset time period. Therefore, the accuracy of the missed detection probability calculated based on a small number of ACK packets is low. So when the first quantity is less than the preset first quantity threshold, step S201 can be executed again to recount the first quantity and the second quantity.

[0059] The specific process for calculating the probability of missed detections can be found below. Figure 2 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0060] S103: Based on the above-mentioned missed detection probability and the situation of the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently, select the target beamforming method from the preset beamforming method.

[0061] The aforementioned preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on a codebook, a second method of beamforming based on an SSB (Synchronization Signal Block), and a third method of beamforming using a wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0062] Specifically, the terminal can detect the strongest beam from the various beams transmitted by the base station and report the detected strongest beam to the base station. The base station can select a beam for the terminal based on the strongest beam reported by the terminal and send data to the terminal based on the selected beam. The beam selected by the base station can be the strongest beam reported by the terminal or other beams.

[0063] Furthermore, as described in step S102 above, the aforementioned missed detection probability can represent the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Moreover, the terminal can detect the beam with the strongest signal strength from the beams transmitted by the base station. The strongest beam determined by the terminal will change depending on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal.

[0064] The terminal will periodically report the strongest beam to the aforementioned base station. The most recent report of the strongest beam by the terminal can reflect the current communication status of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station.

[0065] In theory, when the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, among the three beamforming methods mentioned above, the beamforming effect based on the first method is the best, the beamforming effect based on the second method is the second best, and the beamforming effect based on the third method is the worst.

[0066] When the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is poor, among the three beamforming methods mentioned above, the poor channel environment has the least impact on the beamforming effect when beamforming is based on the third method; the poor channel environment has the next least impact on the beamforming effect when beamforming is based on the second method; and the poor channel environment has the greatest impact on the beamforming effect when beamforming is based on the first method.

[0067] Therefore, when the channel environment is good, the first method can be prioritized as the target beamforming method to achieve a better beamforming effect. When the channel environment is relatively poor, the second method can be prioritized as the target beamforming method to still achieve a good beamforming effect. When the channel environment is very poor, the third method can be prioritized as the target beamforming method to minimize the impact of the very poor channel environment on the beamforming effect.

[0068] For details on selecting the target beamforming method, please refer to the following text. Figure 3 The steps S103A-S103C shown are... Figure 4 The steps S103D-S103F shown are or Figure 5 Steps S103G-S103I shown will not be described in detail here.

[0069] S104: Beamforming is performed based on the above-mentioned target beamforming method.

[0070] Among them, the first method of beamforming based on codebook, the second method of beamforming based on SSB, and the third method of beamforming based on wide beam are all existing technologies. Regardless of whether the first method, the second method, or the third method is selected as the target beamforming method, beamforming can be performed using the existing technology corresponding to the selected target beamforming method. The embodiments of the present invention will not elaborate further on this.

[0071] As can be seen from the above, the missed detection probability of ACK packets reflects the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0072] See Figure 2 The above is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating the probability of missed detection provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps S201-S207.

[0073] S201: When the ACK message arrives at the PUCCH or PUSCH and is reported, add 1 to the current first quantity.

[0074] Specifically, the terminal can periodically report ACK packets according to the preset ACK reporting period via PUCCH or PUSCH. Whenever the ACK packet reporting time point is reached, the terminal will report an ACK packet, which can be increased by 1 based on the current first number.

[0075] The initial value of the first quantity is 0.

[0076] S202: Determine whether the ACK packet reported by the terminal has passed the activation detection.

[0077] Whenever an ACK packet is received, the base station can determine whether the ACK packet has passed the activation detection. If the activation detection fails, step S203 is executed; otherwise, it continues to wait for the next ACK packet reporting time point of PUCCH or PUSCH and repeats steps S201-S202.

[0078] S203: Add 1 to the current second quantity.

[0079] Specifically, whenever the ACK packet received by the base station fails the activation detection, step S203 is executed, adding 1 to the second quantity, the initial value of which is 0.

[0080] S204: Determine whether the CSI reporting time point has been reached.

[0081] Specifically, the terminal can report CSI according to a preset CSI reporting cycle. In this embodiment of the invention, the time period between two adjacent CSI reporting time points can be used as the preset time period, and the first and second number of ACK packets within the preset time period can be counted.

[0082] If the CSI reporting time point is reached, it means that the preset time period for the current statistics of the first and second quantities has ended, and step S205 can be executed. If the CSI reporting time point is not reached, the statistics of the first and second quantities can continue, and steps S201-S204 can be executed.

[0083] S205: Determine whether the first quantity has reached the preset first quantity threshold.

[0084] If yes, it means the base station has received a large number of ACK packets. The missed detection probability can then be calculated based on the first and second counts obtained from the current statistics, and step S206 is executed. If no, it means the base station has received a small number of ACK packets, and steps S201-S205 can be executed again.

[0085] S206: The quotient obtained by dividing the second quantity by the first quantity is the probability of missed detection.

[0086] S207: Update the values ​​of the first quantity and the second quantity to 0.

[0087] See Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the second beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention, which is consistent with the aforementioned... Figure 1 Compared to the embodiment shown, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, that is, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the first method, the above step S103 can be implemented by the following steps S103A-S103C.

[0088] S103A: Determine whether the above-mentioned missed detection probability is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0089] Specifically, if the above-mentioned missed detection probability is not greater than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, and step S103B is continued. If the above-mentioned first missed detection probability is greater than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is poor, and step S103C is continued.

[0090] S103B: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0091] Specifically, the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, which is equivalent to the base station currently performing beamforming based on the first method. If the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, the base station can continue to select the first method as the target beamforming method and continue to perform beamforming based on the first method.

[0092] S103C: If the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference, select the second method as the target beamforming method; otherwise, select the third method as the target beamforming method.

[0093] The target time difference mentioned above is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time.

[0094] The base station currently performs beamforming based on the codebook, but the effect of beamforming based on the codebook is poor when the channel environment is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to switch the beamforming method. A new beamforming method can be selected as the target beamforming method from the second or third method.

[0095] Specifically, if the terminal reports the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference, it means the terminal has successfully reported the strongest beam, indicating that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station has not yet reached a very poor level. Furthermore, if the terminal has recently reported a Special Signal-Band (SSB), the base station can choose the second method as the target beamforming method, performing beamforming based on the recently reported SSB, thus achieving good beamforming results even in relatively poor channel conditions.

[0096] In addition, if the terminal has not reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is greater than or equal to the first preset time difference, it means that the terminal has never successfully reported the strongest beam, or the terminal has not successfully reported the strongest SSB for a long time. This means that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is very poor. Since the terminal has not successfully reported the SSB for a long time, the base station cannot perform beamforming based on the SSB. In this case, the third method can be selected as the target beamforming method, so that the very poor channel environment has the least impact on the beamforming effect.

[0097] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, the missed detection probability and target time difference can be obtained. The missed detection probability and target time difference can reflect the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. If the missed detection probability is less than the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is still relatively good, and the first method can continue to be selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is not suitable for selecting the first method as the target beamforming method. Furthermore, the quality of the current channel environment can be judged based on whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference. If the terminal has never reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is greater than or equal to the first preset time difference, it means that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method to reduce the impact of the channel environment on beamforming; otherwise, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method, which can achieve a better beamforming effect while reducing the impact of the channel environment on beamforming.

[0098] See Figure 4 The above is a flowchart illustrating the third beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention. When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, that is, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the second method, the above step S103 can be implemented by the following steps S103D-S103F.

[0099] S103D: Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the above terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of the stable beam.

[0100] Among them, the stable beam mentioned above is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the aforementioned terminal.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system can statistically analyze a preset number of the strongest beams reported by the terminal in the past, calculate the probability that each beam will be identified as the strongest beam by the terminal, and determine the beam with the highest calculated probability as the stable beam. Alternatively, the beam that has been identified as the strongest beam by the terminal the most times can be determined as the stable beam.

[0102] Specifically, the method for determining a stable beam can be found in steps A-B below, which will not be detailed here.

[0103] The base station can count the strongest beam reported by the terminal a preset number of times recently to determine the stable beam, so that the determined stable beam can reflect the overall situation of the terminal determining the strongest beam in the recent period.

[0104] Furthermore, when the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively stable, the strongest beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal usually does not change significantly. The angle corresponding to the strongest beam determined by the terminal is similar to the angle corresponding to the stable beam, and the indices of beams with similar angles have small differences. In other words, if the difference between the index of the strongest beam reported by the terminal and the index of the stable beam is small, it indicates that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively stable.

[0105] Therefore, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range near the index of the stable beam, it means that the difference between the index of the strongest beam recently determined by the terminal and the index of the stable beam is small, and the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively stable. Step S103E can be executed. Otherwise, it means that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is unstable, and step S103F can be executed.

[0106] Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value of the first preset range and the index of the stable beam is the first absolute value, and the absolute value of the difference between the minimum value of the first preset range and the index of the stable beam is the second absolute value. The first absolute value and the second absolute value are the same. For example, the values ​​of the first absolute value and the second absolute value can be 1, 2, 3, etc.

[0107] It should be noted that the minimum and maximum indices of each beam transmitted by the base station can be regarded as adjacent indices. For example, if the base station transmits 16 different beams, the minimum index 0 and the maximum index 15 can be considered to be adjacent. If the beam with index 0 is a stable beam, and the first absolute value and the second absolute value are 1, then the first preset range can be considered to be an index greater than or equal to 15, or less than or equal to 1.

[0108] Furthermore, the terminal can include the index of the strongest beam in the CSI reported to the base station. The base station can determine the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal by parsing the CSI. Specifically, the PMI carried in the CSI reported by the terminal includes the indexes of the strongest sub-beams with the strongest signal in the horizontal direction and the strongest sub-beams with the strongest signal in the vertical direction, as well as the angle between the strongest sub-beams in the two directions determined by the terminal. By parsing the PMI, the base station can determine the index of the strongest beam reported by the terminal.

[0109] S103E: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0110] Specifically, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within the first preset range, that is, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is similar to the index of the stable beam, this step S103E will be executed. If the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is similar to the index of the stable beam, it means that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively stable and the communication quality of the channel environment is good. Therefore, the first method with the best beamforming effect can be selected as the target beamforming method.

[0111] S103F: If the above-mentioned missed detection probability is greater than the second preset threshold, select the third method as the target beamforming method; otherwise, select the second method as the target beamforming method.

[0112] The second preset threshold can be set to any threshold. Preferably, the second preset threshold can be smaller than the first preset threshold shown above.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is outside the first preset range, that is, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal differs significantly from the index of the stable beam, step S103F will be executed. The significant difference between the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal and the index of the stable beam indicates that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is unstable and the communication quality of the channel environment is poor. Therefore, it is not suitable to select the first method, which is more sensitive to the channel environment, as the target beamforming method. The target beamforming method can be selected from the second method and the third method.

[0114] Specifically, in the process of selecting the target beamforming method from the second and third methods, the selection is made in conjunction with the missed detection probability. If the missed detection probability is greater than the second preset threshold, it means that the communication quality of the channel environment between the current terminal and the base station is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is not greater than the second preset threshold, it means that although the communication quality of the channel environment between the current terminal and the base station is poor, it has not reached the level of being very poor, and the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0115] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, we further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal based on the missed detection probability. If the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is less than the second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the communication environment between the base station and the terminal has not yet reached a very poor level, and the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0116] See Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth beamforming method provided in this embodiment of the invention. When the base station currently uses a wide beam for beamforming, that is, uses the third method for beamforming, the above step S103 can be implemented through the following steps S103G-S103I.

[0117] S103G: Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the above terminal is within the second preset range centered on the index of the stable beam.

[0118] Among them, the stable beam mentioned above is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the aforementioned terminal.

[0119] In addition, the second preset range can be any range centered on the index of the stable beam. Preferably, the second preset range can be the same as the first preset range.

[0120] Specifically, the method for determining whether the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range in step S103G is similar to the method for determining whether the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within the first preset range in step S103D, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] If the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, and step S103H can be executed. Otherwise, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is poor, and step S103I can be executed.

[0122] S103H: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0123] Specifically, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range, that is, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is close to the index of the stable beam, this step S103H will be executed. If the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is close to the index of the stable beam, it means that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively stable and the communication quality of the channel environment is good. Therefore, the first method with the best beamforming effect can be selected as the target beamforming method.

[0124] S103I: If the above-mentioned missed detection probability is less than the third preset threshold, the above-mentioned terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0125] The target time difference mentioned above is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time.

[0126] Specifically, the aforementioned third preset threshold can be any preset threshold; preferably, the third preset threshold can be equal to the second preset threshold. Furthermore, the aforementioned second preset time difference can be any preset time difference; preferably, the second preset time difference can be equal to the first preset time difference.

[0127] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is outside the second preset range, that is, if the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal differs significantly from the index of the stable beam, this step S103I will be executed. The significant difference between the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal and the index of the stable beam indicates that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is unstable and the communication quality of the channel environment is poor. Therefore, it is not suitable to select the first method, which is more sensitive to the channel environment, as the target beamforming method. The target beamforming method can be selected from the second method and the third method.

[0128] Specifically, in selecting the target beamforming method from the second and third methods, the selection is based on the missed detection probability, the terminal's reported strongest beam, and the target time difference. If the missed detection probability is greater than the third preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is very poor. If the terminal has never reported the strongest beam, it means the terminal has never successfully reported the strongest beam, again indicating very poor communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station. If the target time difference is greater than or equal to the second preset time difference, it means the terminal has not reported the SSB for a long time, and the base station cannot perform beamforming based on the SSB. Therefore, if the missed detection probability is greater than the third preset threshold, the terminal has never successfully reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is greater than or equal to the second preset time difference, the third method can be selected as the target beamforming method.

[0129] Otherwise, if the aforementioned missed detection probability is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, it indicates that although the communication quality of the channel environment between the current terminal and the base station is poor, it has not reached an extremely poor level; if the terminal has reported the strongest beam, it indicates that the terminal has successfully reported the strongest beam, which also indicates that although the communication quality of the channel environment between the current terminal and the base station is poor, it has not reached an extremely poor level; if the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, it indicates that the terminal has recently reported the SSB, and the base station can perform beamforming based on the SSB. Therefore, if the aforementioned missed detection probability is less than the third preset threshold, the terminal has successfully reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, the second method can be selected as the target beamforming method.

[0130] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on wide beams, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, based on the missed detection probability, the target time period, and whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam, we can further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal, and then select the target beamforming method that matches the current channel environment from the second or third method.

[0131] In one embodiment of the present invention, a stable beam can be determined by the following steps A-B.

[0132] Step A: For each beam, based on the CSI received by the base station and reported by the terminal, count the number of times the terminal determines that the beam is the strongest beam, and calculate the stability probability of the beam as a stable beam based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are used as target beams.

[0133] The index of the target beam is located within a third preset range centered on the index of the beam. When determining the stable beam used in steps S103D-S103F, the third preset range may be the first preset range. When determining the stable beam used in steps S103G-S103I, the third preset range may be the second preset range. Furthermore, the third preset range may also be different from both the first and second preset ranges.

[0134] Specifically, each CSI reported by the terminal carries an index of the strongest beam determined by the terminal. The method for determining the strongest beam detected by the terminal based on the CSI reported by the terminal can be found in the description at step S103D above, and will not be repeated here in this embodiment of the invention.

[0135] In this embodiment of the invention, the number of times each beam is identified as the strongest beam can be counted separately. Specifically, when the count begins, the count of each beam being identified as the strongest beam is set to 0. For each beam, if the beam is identified as the strongest beam by the terminal, the count of that beam is incremented by 1 until the count is completed, thus obtaining the number of times each beam is identified as the strongest beam.

[0136] In addition, after counting the number of times each beam is the strongest beam, for each beam, the sum of the number of times the beam is the strongest beam and the number of times the target beam is the strongest beam can be calculated, and then divided by the total number of CSI reports from the terminals being counted, as the stability probability of the beam being a stable beam.

[0137] For example, the target beams within the third preset range corresponding to beam 2 are beam 1 and beam 3. In one embodiment, the index of the strongest beam recorded in the 10 CSIs reported by the statistical terminal is counted. Among them, beam 2 is identified as the strongest beam once, beam 1 is identified as the strongest beam twice, and beam 3 is identified as the strongest beam zero times. Then the stability probability corresponding to beam 2 is (1+2+0) / 10 = 0.3.

[0138] Step B: Identify the beam with the highest stability probability as the stable beam.

[0139] In one embodiment of the present invention, the beam with the highest stability probability can be directly determined as the stable beam. If there are multiple beams with the highest stability probability, one of them can be randomly selected as the stable beam.

[0140] In another embodiment of the present invention, if the calculated stability probability of the beam with the highest stability probability does not reach a preset stability probability threshold, it indicates that the channel environment between the terminal and the base station was unstable during the statistical period, and the strongest beam determined by the terminal changed significantly, so it can be considered that there is no stable beam. In the absence of a stable beam, if the following steps are performed... Figure 4 The illustrated embodiment can directly determine that the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is not within the first preset range. If execution is performed... Figure 5 The embodiment shown can directly determine that the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is not within the second preset range.

[0141] See Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a stable beam determination process provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps S601-S606.

[0142] S601: Receive CSI reported by the terminal.

[0143] S602: Analyze the PMI contained in the CSI, determine the strongest beam detected by the terminal, and add 1 to the current statistical count corresponding to the strongest beam.

[0144] The initial value for the statistical count corresponding to each beam is 0.

[0145] Continue executing steps S601-S602 until the number of CSIs received by the base station reaches the preset statistical count, and determine the number of times each beam is the strongest beam.

[0146] S603: For each beam, calculate the stability probability of the beam based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are the strongest beams.

[0147] The specific method for calculating the stability probability can be found in step A above, and will not be repeated here.

[0148] S604: Determine whether the stability probability of the beam with the highest stability probability is greater than the preset stability probability threshold.

[0149] If the value is greater than the given value, proceed to step S605; otherwise, proceed to step S606.

[0150] S605: The beam with the highest stability probability is identified as the stable beam.

[0151] S606: Determined that there is no stable beam.

[0152] Next, with Figure 7 This invention describes a specific embodiment of the beamforming method provided by the present invention.

[0153] See Figure 7 The above is a flowchart of the fifth beamforming method provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps S701-S718.

[0154] S701: Determine whether the preset CSI reporting time point has been reached.

[0155] If so, the target beamforming method is selected. If the current base station performs beamforming based on the codebook, steps S702-S706 are executed. If the current base station performs beamforming based on SSB, steps S707-S711 are executed. If the current base station performs beamforming based on wide beam, steps S712-S716 are executed. If the preset CSI reporting time point has not been reached, step S701 is executed again, waiting for the preset CSI reporting time point to be reached.

[0156] S702: Determine whether the probability of missing an ACK packet is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0157] If yes, proceed to step S703; otherwise, proceed to step S706.

[0158] S703: Determine whether the first preset condition is met.

[0159] The first preset condition is that the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference.

[0160] If yes, proceed to step S704; otherwise, proceed to step S705.

[0161] S704: Select the second method as the target beamforming method.

[0162] S705: Select the third method as the target beamforming method.

[0163] S706: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0164] S707: Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within the first preset range.

[0165] If yes, proceed to step S708; otherwise, proceed to step S709.

[0166] S708: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0167] S709: Determine whether the probability of missing an ACK packet is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0168] If yes, proceed to step S710; otherwise, proceed to step S711.

[0169] S710: Select the third method as the target beamforming method.

[0170] S711: Select the second method as the target beamforming method.

[0171] S712: Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range.

[0172] If yes, proceed to step S713; otherwise, proceed to step S714.

[0173] S713: Select the first method as the target beamforming method.

[0174] S714: Determine whether the second preset condition is met.

[0175] The second preset condition is as follows: the probability of missing an ACK packet is less than the third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference.

[0176] If the second preset condition is met, proceed to step S715; otherwise, proceed to step S716.

[0177] S715: Select the second method as the target beamforming method.

[0178] S716: Select the third method as the target beamforming method.

[0179] S717: Reset the first and second counts used when calculating the probability of missed ACK packets to 0.

[0180] S718: Beamforming based on the selected target beamforming method.

[0181] Specifically, the above Figure 7 For details on the implementation process of the illustrated embodiments, please refer to the foregoing. Figures 1-6 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0182] Corresponding to the aforementioned beamforming method applied to base stations, this embodiment of the invention also provides a base station.

[0183] See Figure 8 The diagram below illustrates the structure of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a memory 801, a transceiver 802, and a processor 803.

[0184] Memory 801 is used to store computer programs; transceiver 802 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; processor 803 is used to read the computer programs in the memory and perform the following operations:

[0185] The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted.

[0186] Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets;

[0187] Based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently, a target beamforming method is selected from the preset beamforming methods. The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on codebook, a second method of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method of beamforming using wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0188] Beamforming is performed based on the target beamforming method.

[0189] Among them, Figure 8In this context, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits together, represented by one or more processors (processor 803) and memory (memory 801). The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 802 can be multiple elements, including transmitters and receivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over transmission media, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. The processor 803 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 801 can store data used by the processor 803 during operation.

[0190] The processor 803 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0191] As can be seen from the above, the missed detection probability of ACK packets reflects the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0192] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on a codebook, the step of selecting a target beamforming method from a preset beamforming method based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal specifically includes:

[0193] Determine whether the missed detection probability is greater than a first preset threshold;

[0194] If the value is not greater than the first preset threshold, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0195] If the target time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, then if the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported the SSB and the current time.

[0196] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, the missed detection probability and target time difference can be obtained. The missed detection probability and target time difference can reflect the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. If the missed detection probability is less than the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is still relatively good, and the first method can continue to be selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is not suitable for selecting the first method as the target beamforming method. Furthermore, the quality of the current channel environment can be judged based on whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference. If the terminal has never reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is greater than or equal to the first preset time difference, it means that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method to reduce the impact of the channel environment on beamforming; otherwise, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method, which can achieve a better beamforming effect while reducing the impact of the channel environment on beamforming.

[0197] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, the step of selecting a target beamforming method from a preset beamforming method based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal specifically includes:

[0198] Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the terminal.

[0199] If it is within the first preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0200] If it is not within the first preset range, then if the missed detection probability is greater than the second preset threshold, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0201] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, we further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal based on the missed detection probability. If the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is less than the second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the communication environment between the base station and the terminal has not yet reached a very poor level, and the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0202] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently using wide beamforming, the step of selecting a target beamforming method from a preset beamforming method based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal specifically includes:

[0203] Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a second preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being selected as the strongest beam by the terminal.

[0204] If it is within the second preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0205] If it is not within the second preset range, then if the missed detection probability is less than the third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time.

[0206] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on wide beams, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, based on the missed detection probability, the target time period, and whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam, we can further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal, and then select the target beamforming method that matches the current channel environment from the second or third method.

[0207] In one embodiment of the present invention, the processor 803 is further configured to determine a stable beam in the following manner:

[0208] For each beam, based on the Channel State Information (CSI) received by the base station and reported by the terminal, the number of times the terminal selects the beam as the strongest beam is counted, and based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are selected as the strongest beam, the stability probability of the beam as a stable beam is calculated, wherein the index of the target beam is located within a third preset range centered on the index of the beam.

[0209] The beam with the highest probability of stability is identified as the stable beam.

[0210] Corresponding to the aforementioned beamforming method applied to base stations, this embodiment of the invention also provides a beamforming device applied to base stations.

[0211] See Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a beamforming device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, applied to a base station. The device includes:

[0212] The quantity statistics module 901 is used to count the first number of ACK messages reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK messages that failed the activation test.

[0213] The probability calculation module 902 is used to calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets based on the first quantity and the second quantity;

[0214] The beamforming mode selection module 903 is used to select a target beamforming mode from a preset beamforming mode based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam reported by the terminal most recently. The preset beamforming modes include: a first mode of beamforming based on codebook, a second mode of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third mode of beamforming using wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station.

[0215] Beamforming module 904 is used to perform beamforming based on the target beamforming method.

[0216] As can be seen from the above, the missed detection probability of ACK packets reflects the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication status of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0217] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on a codebook, the beamforming mode selection module 903 is specifically used for:

[0218] Determine whether the missed detection probability is greater than a first preset threshold;

[0219] If the value is not greater than the first preset threshold, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0220] If the target time difference is greater than the first preset threshold, then if the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported the SSB and the current time.

[0221] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, the missed detection probability and target time difference can be obtained. The missed detection probability and target time difference can reflect the current channel environment between the base station and the terminal. If the missed detection probability is less than the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is still relatively good, and the first method can continue to be selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the current channel environment is not suitable for selecting the first method as the target beamforming method. Furthermore, the quality of the current channel environment can be judged based on whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference. If the terminal has never reported the strongest beam, or the target time difference is greater than or equal to the first preset time difference, it means that the current channel environment between the terminal and the base station is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method to reduce the impact of the channel environment on beamforming; otherwise, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method, which can achieve a better beamforming effect while reducing the impact of the channel environment on beamforming.

[0222] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, the beamforming mode selection module 903 is specifically used for:

[0223] Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the terminal.

[0224] If it is within the first preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0225] If it is not within the first preset range, then if the missed detection probability is greater than the second preset threshold, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0226] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is relatively good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, we further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal based on the missed detection probability. If the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal is very poor, and the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. If the missed detection probability is less than the second preset threshold, it indicates that the communication quality of the communication environment between the base station and the terminal has not yet reached a very poor level, and the second method is selected as the target beamforming method.

[0227] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the base station is currently using wide beamforming for beamforming, the beamforming mode selection module 903 is specifically used for:

[0228] Determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a second preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being selected as the strongest beam by the terminal.

[0229] If it is within the second preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method;

[0230] If it is not within the second preset range, then if the missed detection probability is less than the third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time.

[0231] As can be seen from the above, when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on wide beams, we can first determine whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within the second preset range. If so, it indicates that the communication quality of the channel environment between the terminal and the base station is good, and the first method can be selected as the target beamforming method. Otherwise, based on the missed detection probability, the target time period, and whether the terminal has reported the strongest beam, we can further determine the communication quality of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal, and then select the target beamforming method that matches the current channel environment from the second or third method.

[0232] In one embodiment of the present invention, a stable beam is determined by the following modules:

[0233] The stability probability calculation module is used to, for each beam, count the number of times the terminal determines that the beam is the strongest beam based on the Channel State Information (CSI) received by the base station and reported by the terminal, and calculate the stability probability of the beam as a stable beam based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are the strongest beams, wherein the index of the target beam is located within a third preset range centered on the index of the beam.

[0234] The stable beam determination module is used to determine the beam with the highest stability probability as the stable beam.

[0235] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any beamforming method.

[0236] When beamforming is performed using the computer program stored in the computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment of the invention, the missed detection probability of the ACK packet can reflect the current specific situation of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. The higher the missed detection probability, the worse the current channel environment; the lower the missed detection probability, the better the current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this beam also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal can reflect the communication situation of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal, this embodiment of the invention jointly selects a target beamforming method, ensuring that the selected target beamforming method matches the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment of the invention, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment of the invention can improve the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0237] In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the beamforming methods described in the above embodiments.

[0238] When performing beamforming using the computer program product provided in this embodiment of the invention, the missed detection probability of the ACK packet reflects the current specific situation of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. A higher missed detection probability indicates a worse current channel environment, while a lower missed detection probability indicates a better current channel environment. Furthermore, the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is the beam with the strongest signal strength detected by the terminal, and this strongest signal strength also changes with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, both the missed detection probability and the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal reflect the communication situation of the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Based on these factors, this embodiment of the invention selects a target beamforming method to match the selected method with the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. In other words, in this embodiment of the invention, the base station can select a suitable beamforming method based on the channel environment between the base station and the terminal. Compared with the fixed beamforming method used in the prior art, this embodiment of the invention improves the communication effect between the base station and the terminal.

[0239] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)).

[0240] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0241] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the embodiments for base stations, devices, storage media, and computer programs are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0242] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0243] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0244] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0245] These processors can execute instructions that can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the functions specified in one or more boxes. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A beamforming method, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, the method includes: The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted. Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets; When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, it is determined whether the missed detection probability is greater than a first preset threshold. If it is not greater than the first preset threshold, a first method is selected as the target beamforming method. If it is greater than the first preset threshold, a second method is selected as the target beamforming method if the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference. Otherwise, a third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported the SSB and the current time. When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, it is determined whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the terminal; if it is within the first preset range, a first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if it is not within the first preset range, a third method is selected as the target beamforming method if the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold, otherwise, a second method is selected as the target beamforming method. When the base station is currently using wide beamforming, it is determined whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a second preset range centered on the index of a stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being selected as the strongest beam by the terminal; if it is within the second preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if it is not within the second preset range, then if the missed detection probability is less than a third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, then the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method, wherein the target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time; The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on codebook, a second method of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method of beamforming using wide beams. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station. Beamforming is performed based on the target beamforming method.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stable beam is determined using the following methods: For each beam, based on the Channel State Information (CSI) received by the base station and reported by the terminal, the number of times the terminal determines that the beam is the strongest beam is counted, and based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are the strongest beams, the stability probability of the beam as a stable beam is calculated, wherein the index of the target beam is located within a third preset range centered on the index of the beam. The beam with the highest probability of stability is identified as the stable beam.

3. A base station, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor: A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: The first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test are counted. Based on the first quantity and the second quantity, calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets; When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on the codebook, it is determined whether the missed detection probability is greater than a first preset threshold. If the target beamforming method is not greater than the first preset threshold, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if the target beamforming method is greater than the first preset threshold, then the second method is selected as the target beamforming method if the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported the SSB and the current time. When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on SSB, it is determined whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the terminal; if it is within the first preset range, a first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if it is not within the first preset range, a third method is selected as the target beamforming method if the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold, otherwise, a second method is selected as the target beamforming method. When the base station is currently using wide beamforming, it is determined whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a second preset range centered on the index of a stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being selected as the strongest beam by the terminal; if it is within the second preset range, then the first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if it is not within the second preset range, then if the missed detection probability is less than a third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target time difference is less than the second preset time difference, then the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method, wherein the target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported SSB and the current time; The preset beamforming methods include: a first method of beamforming based on codebook, a second method of beamforming based on synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method of beamforming using wide beams. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station. Beamforming is performed based on the target beamforming method.

4. The base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processor is also configured to determine a stable beam in the following manner: For each beam, based on the Channel State Information (CSI) received by the base station and reported by the terminal, the number of times the terminal determines that the beam is the strongest beam is counted, and based on the number of times the beam and the target beam are the strongest beams, the stability probability of the beam as a stable beam is calculated, wherein the index of the target beam is located within a third preset range centered on the index of the beam. The beam with the highest probability of stability is identified as the stable beam.

5. A beamforming device, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, the device includes: The quantity statistics module is used to count the first number of ACK packets reported by the terminal within a preset time period and the second number of ACK packets that failed the activation test. The probability calculation module is used to calculate the probability of missed detection of ACK packets based on the first quantity and the second quantity. The beamforming mode selection module is used to determine whether the missed detection probability is greater than a first preset threshold when the base station is currently performing beamforming based on a codebook; if it is not greater than the first preset threshold, a first mode is selected as the target beamforming mode; if it is greater than the first preset threshold, a second mode is selected as the target beamforming mode if the terminal has reported the strongest beam and the target time difference is less than the first preset time difference; otherwise, a third mode is selected as the target beamforming mode. The target time difference is the time difference between the time the terminal last reported an SSB and the current time. When the base station is currently performing beamforming based on an SSB, the module determines whether the index of the strongest beam recently reported by the terminal is within a first preset range centered on the index of a stable beam. The stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being identified as the strongest beam by the terminal. If it is within the first preset range, the first mode is selected as the target beamforming mode; if it is not within the first preset range, a third mode is selected as the target beamforming mode if the missed detection probability is greater than a second preset threshold. Then, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; if the base station is currently using wide beamforming, it is determined whether the index of the strongest beam most recently reported by the terminal is within a second preset range centered on the index of the stable beam, wherein the stable beam is the beam with the highest probability of being selected as the strongest beam by the terminal; if it is within the second preset range, the first method is selected as the target beamforming method; if it is not within the second preset range, then if the missed detection probability is less than a third preset threshold, the terminal has reported the strongest beam, and the target beamformation method is selected as the target beamforming method, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method. If the time difference is less than the second preset time difference, the second method is selected as the target beamforming method; otherwise, the third method is selected as the target beamforming method. The target time difference is the time difference between the time when the terminal last reported an SSB and the current time. The preset beamforming methods include: a first method based on a codebook, a second method based on a synchronization signal block (SSB), and a third method using a wide beam. The strongest beam is the beam with the strongest signal strength reported by the terminal to the base station. A beamforming module is used to perform beamforming based on the target beamforming method.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in claim 1 or 2.

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