Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a control unit that controls one or more random access procedures, a reception unit that acquires information related to a plurality of timing advances corresponding to a plurality of base stations or transmission reception points, respectively, based on the random access procedures, and a transmission unit that performs UL transmission based on at least one of the information related to the plurality of timing advances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving the height of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+, the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300V8.12.0 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)", April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In existing systems (e.g., Rel.16 and earlier / 5G and earlier), the timing of UL transmission is controlled based on Timing Advance (TA). Each UE performs UL transmission timing control according to a pre-defined Timing Advance Group (TAG). Thus, at the UL receiving side (e.g., the base station), the reception timing of UL signals transmitted from different UEs can be aligned.

[0009] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 17 and beyond / Beyond 5G / 6G and beyond), to achieve improved communication quality and reliability, it is envisioned that synchronization (e.g., UL synchronization) with multiple base stations / transmission / reception points (TRPs) will be established. Furthermore, future wireless communication systems may envision situations where more base stations are deployed near the UE compared to existing systems, potentially necessitating synchronization (e.g., UL synchronization) with multiple base stations / TRPs.

[0010] However, in existing systems, there has been insufficient research on control methods for terminals that establish synchronization with multiple base stations / TRPs, or on acquisition / control methods for timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations / TRPs.

[0011] Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, wireless communication method, and base station that can appropriately control UL synchronization even when the terminal is communicating using multiple base stations / TRPs.

[0012] Methods for solving problems

[0013] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a terminal comprising: a control unit for controlling one or more random access procedures; a receiving unit for acquiring information related to multiple timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations or transmit / receive points based on the random access procedures; and a transmitting unit for performing UL transmission based on at least one of the multiple timing advance related information.

[0014] The effects of the invention

[0015] According to one aspect of this disclosure, UL synchronization can be appropriately controlled even when the terminal is communicating using multiple base stations / TRPs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an example of a UE establishing UL synchronization with multiple base stations.

[0017] Figure 2A as well as Figure 2BThis diagram illustrates an example of a UE acquiring / holding multiple TA information.

[0018] Figure 3A as well as Figure 3B This diagram illustrates an example of a UE updating its TA information while maintaining multiple TA information.

[0019] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates an example of a UE using TA information to transmit UL while maintaining multiple TA information.

[0020] Figure 5A as well as Figure 5B This diagram illustrates an example of a UE retransmitting UL messages while maintaining multiple TA information.

[0021] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates an example of a UE using multiple beams / TA information to transmit UL while maintaining multiple TA information.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In existing systems (e.g., NR prior to Rel.16), a terminal (hereinafter also referred to as UE) establishes UL synchronization with a base station. When communicating with other base stations using UL, a process of re-establishing UL synchronization is required. Alternatively, UL synchronization can also be established using hold / adjust timing advance (TA).

[0027] In existing systems, the transmission timing of UL channels and / or UL signals (UL channels / signals) is adjusted through timing advance (TA). The reception timing of UL channels / signals from different UEs is adjusted at the base station side.

[0028] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 17 and beyond / Beyond 5G / 6G and beyond), we envision further improvements in communication performance, reliability (or redundancy assurance), and diversification of use cases. To achieve this, we consider the UE communicating with multiple base stations / TRPs (hereinafter referred to as base stations) and establishing UL synchronization with these multiple base stations.

[0029] Furthermore, future wireless communication systems envision dynamic changes in the shape of base station cells, the introduction of mobile base stations, and scenarios where multiple base stations are deployed near the UE, rather than the current planar cell deployment. In this case, it is also envisioned that the UE will need to establish UL synchronization with multiple base stations.

[0030] However, the question arises as to how to control the situation when the terminal establishes synchronization with multiple base stations, or when acquiring / adjusting the timing advance corresponding to multiple base stations.

[0031] The inventors of this invention have conceived of a method for properly communicating with more than one base station, taking into account the situation where the UE establishes synchronization with multiple base stations or obtains / adjusts the timing advance corresponding to multiple base stations.

[0032] The embodiments disclosed herein will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0033] Additionally, in this disclosure, "A / B" may also mean "at least one of A and B".

[0034] In this disclosure, base stations, eNBs, gNBs, next-generation wireless base stations, TRPs, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) nodes, and devices / UEs that communicate / manage with the UE can also be interchanged.

[0035] In this disclosure, the timing advance (TA) can be the same as or equivalent to the TA in an existing system.

[0036] In this disclosure, the term "base station" may also refer to an exchange / transmission / reception with a specific base station based on a particular transmit / receive beam. Furthermore, in this disclosure, an exchange / transmission / reception with the same base station based on different transmit / receive beams may be replaced with an exchange with different base stations. For example, this embodiment can be applied even when an exchange with a specific base station based on multiple transmit / receive beams is considered as a single base station.

[0037] This disclosure can be applied to situations where UL synchronization (or TA) is established for multiple base stations within the same carrier (or frequency band), or to situations where UL synchronization (or TA) is established for multiple base stations within different carriers (or frequency bands), or to both situations.

[0038] In this disclosure, beam, TCI, TCI state, DL TCI state, UL TCI state, unified TCI state, QCL, QCL concept, spatial relationship, spatial relationship information, spatial domain filter, precoder, etc. can also be interchanged.

[0039] (First method)

[0040] In the first approach, the UE simultaneously maintains information (or equivalent information) related to the TAs for multiple base stations / beams and uses the information related to one or more of the TAs to control communication. Alternatively, the TA can be replaced with a TA value.

[0041] The UE can also establish UL synchronization with multiple base stations by simultaneously maintaining information related to TA for multiple base stations / beams (hereinafter also referred to as TA information). Figure 1 ).exist Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the scenario where the UE establishes UL synchronization with base stations #1 to #3. The UE can also acquire / maintain / adjust multiple TA information to control communication with each base station (e.g., sending UL information to each base station).

[0042] <Obtaining TA Information>

[0043] The UE can also use specific operations to obtain one or more TA information (e.g., TA information corresponding to one or more base stations respectively). Specific operations can also be, for example, random access operations (random access procedures). However, obtaining TA information is not limited to random access procedures.

[0044] [Option 1-1]

[0045] Multiple TA information (e.g., TA values) can also be obtained through a single random access procedure (see reference). Figure 2A ).exist Figure 2A The diagram illustrates a scenario where a UE obtains multiple TA values ​​(e.g., TA values ​​#1-#3) through a single random access procedure. These multiple TA values ​​may also correspond to different base stations. The random access procedure could also be, for example, a PRACH transmission (message 1 / message A) and a RAR reception (message 2 / message B).

[0046] By establishing UL synchronization with multiple base stations through the UE, communication quality and reliability (ensuring redundancy) can be improved. Establishing UL synchronization with multiple base stations through the UE enables flexible communication in a wide variety of use cases (e.g., when there are dynamic changes in the shape / structure of the base station's cell, or when the base station is moved (e.g., in the case of a mobile base station)).

[0047] Option 1-1-1

[0048] Alternatively, a TA value can be calculated for multiple base stations and notified to the UE by sending a random access preamble (e.g., PRACH). For example, the UE can send a PRACH, and multiple base stations can receive the same PRACH sent from the UE. TA information (or TA value, TA command) can also be included in a random access response (RAR or RAR MAC CE) that corresponds to the PRACH acknowledgment signal.

[0049] The UE can also control the transmission of PRACH based on a synchronization signal (or synchronization signal block, SS / PBCH block) transmitted from a base station. In this case, the UE can also notify / report to the base station which base station's synchronization signal was used for PRACH transmission. Furthermore, if multiple synchronization signals are sent to the UE, the UE can also notify / report to the base station which synchronization signal was used for PRACH transmission.

[0050] Notifications / reports to the base station can also utilize PRACH. For example, the conditions / parameters (resources, timing, or sequence, etc.) used in PRACH transmission can be associated with the base station / synchronization signal. In this case, the UE can also use the conditions / parameters corresponding to the received synchronization signal to perform PRACH transmission.

[0051] Option 1-1-2

[0052] The TA value for each base station can also be calculated separately and notified to the UE through the transmission of multiple PRACHs. For example, the UE can send multiple random access preambles, and multiple base stations can receive at least one of the multiple PRACHs transmitted from the UE.

[0053] TA information (e.g., TA value) can also be notified to the UE from each base station. The base station can also notify the UE of the TA value using a random access response (e.g., RAR). For example, information related to the TA value can also be included in the RAR MAC CE.

[0054] The UE can also receive TA information corresponding to each base station from the base station that received the PRACH. A base station that received multiple PRACHs can also calculate the TA value based on a specific PRACH (e.g., the PRACH with the highest received power) and notify the UE of the TA information.

[0055] Alternatively, the UE can receive information from any base station that received the PRACH, including TA information for other base stations in addition to the TA information corresponding to that base station. For example, each base station receiving the PRACH can calculate the TA value corresponding to the received PRACH and notify specific base stations of the TA information using inter-base station communication (e.g., X2 interface). Specific base stations can also notify the UE of information containing TA information corresponding to multiple base stations. Thus, the UE can obtain TA information corresponding to base stations with which it has not communicated.

[0056] Additionally, in Options 1-1-1 / 1-1-2, UE identification can also be performed during random access by transmitting and receiving the random access preamble. For example, the correspondence between the preamble index / RACH timing and information that can identify the UE (e.g., UEID) can be defined by specifications or notified / set to the UE from the base station. Alternatively, information that can identify the UE can also be notified to the base station via PUSCH, etc., transmitted after the preamble.

[0057] Therefore, when multiple PRACHs are received at each base station, it is possible to determine from which UE the PRACH was sent (e.g., from the same UE). Thus, by knowing the UE to which the PRACH is sent at the base station, multiple TA information can be appropriately transmitted to that UE.

[0058] Furthermore, in options 1-1-1 / 1-1-2, the TA information can also be notified to the UE in message 4 (or message B of the two-step random access procedure) or in a subsequent message / command. That is, the notification of TA information is not limited to RAR. Therefore, even if the base station cannot determine from which UE the PRACH was sent when it receives it, the TA information can be notified only after message 4 (after the UE is known). Thus, the TA information can be appropriately notified to the UE.

[0059] Furthermore, in Option 1-1-1 / Option 1-1-2, when multiple base stations receive the preamble sent by the same UE, message 4 (or message B) or subsequent messages (e.g., messages containing TA information) can be sent to the UE either from each base station individually or from a specific base station.

[0060] [Options 1-2]

[0061] Multiple TA values ​​can also be obtained through multiple random access procedures (see reference). Figure 2B ).exist Figure 2B The diagram illustrates a scenario where a UE acquires multiple TA values ​​(e.g., TA values ​​#1-#3) through multiple random access procedures. These multiple TA values ​​may also correspond to different base stations. Alternatively, the UE may acquire TA values ​​for each random access procedure (e.g., TA values ​​corresponding to different base stations).

[0062] Option 1-2-1

[0063] Multiple random access procedures can also be triggered simultaneously. In this case, the UE can also perform multiple random access procedures simultaneously (or in parallel).

[0064] Option 1-2-2

[0065] Multiple random access procedures can also be triggered individually (or independently). In this case, the UE can also perform multiple random access procedures in parallel during the same period.

[0066] Alternatively, the UE can control the process to prevent multiple random access procedures from occurring simultaneously. For example, it can control the process so that a second random access procedure occurs (or is triggered) after the first random access procedure has ended (or expired / cancelled). In this case, if a new random access procedure is triggered and a TA value is acquired, the TA value acquired through the previously performed random access procedure can also be retained.

[0067] <Adjustment of TA value>

[0068] While maintaining multiple TA information (e.g., TA values), the UE can also adjust the TA value during communication. The timing for adjusting the TA value corresponding to multiple base stations can also be in the case of communicating (transmitting / receiving) with at least one of the multiple base stations.

[0069] For example, when the UE is transmitting / receiving with each base station, it can also perform control to adjust the TA value with that base station (see reference). Figure 3A ).exist Figure 3A The diagram illustrates how a UE adjusts its TA value #1 corresponding to base station #1 during communication (transmission / reception). The TA value information can also be based on information received from the base station (e.g., a TA command). Figure 3A In the case shown, the UE only needs to adjust the TA value based on the base station with which it communicates, thus suppressing the increase in the UE's processing load.

[0070] Alternatively, when the UE is transmitting / receiving with any base station, it can also perform control to centrally adjust multiple TA values ​​(or a portion of multiple TA values) that are held (see reference). Figure 3B ).exist Figure 3B The diagram shows that when the UE communicates (sends / receives) with base station #1, it adjusts not only the TA value #1 corresponding to base station #1, but also the TA value #2 corresponding to base station #2 and the TA value #3 corresponding to base station #3.

[0071] Adjustments to each TA value can also be made based on adjustment information corresponding to that TA value. The adjustment information for each TA can be notified to the UE from the base station or calculated according to specific rules. Figure 3B In this process, the UE can update the TA value corresponding to each base station at a high frequency, thus improving the accuracy of UL synchronization with each base station.

[0072] (Second method)

[0073] The second method describes UL transmission control when the UE maintains multiple TA information.

[0074]

[0075] The UE can also control UL transmission based on any one of multiple TA information (e.g., TA values) (e.g., a specific TA value). Figure 4 ).exist Figure 4 The diagram illustrates an example of a UE maintaining multiple TA values ​​(here, TA values ​​#1 to #3) and using a specific TA value for UL transmission. The UE can also control UL transmission based on at least one of the following options 2-1-1 to 2-1-4.

[0076] [Option 2-1-1]

[0077] The UE can also use the minimum TA value to control UL transmission. For example, in Figure 4 In this context, the UE can also use the TA value #1 to control UL transmission. Option 2-1 can also be appropriately applied to the UL transmission from the UE via the nearest base station / cell ( Figure 4 The case where the signal is received by base station #1.

[0078] [Option 2-1-2]

[0079] The UE can also use the maximum TA value to control UL transmission. For example, in Figure 4 In this context, the UE can also use TA value #2 to control UL transmission. Option 2-2 can also be appropriately applied to UL transmissions from the UE through multiple base stations / cells (e.g., Figure 4The situation where base stations #1 and #2 are received.

[0080] [Options 2-1-3]

[0081] The TA value can also be indicated / set to the UE from the base station. That is, the UE only needs to be able to perform UL transmission using the TA value indicated from the base station. Information related to the indication of the TA value from the base station can also be included in the DCI that schedules UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH). Thus, when scheduling UL transmissions to each base station, each base station can use the DCI to specify the appropriate TA value to the UE.

[0082] Alternatively, activation / deactivation of at least one of multiple TA values ​​can be indicated. For example, the activation / deactivation of each TA can also be notified to the UE via DCI / MAC CE. Through DCI / MAC CE, either one TA value can be activated / deactivated, or multiple TA values ​​can be activated / deactivated simultaneously. In the case of multiple TA values ​​being activated, the UE can either select which TA value to use from the multiple TA values, or control the use of multiple TA values ​​for multiple UL transmissions.

[0083] [Options 2-1-4]

[0084] The UE can also determine the TA value applied in UL transmission based on specific conditions / parameters. Specific conditions / parameters may include, for example, at least one of the type of received DL reference signal and a measurement result of that DL reference signal (e.g., quality). Which condition is applied (e.g., based on which condition, which TA is used) can be specified by a standard or notified / set to the UE from the base station.

[0085]

[0086] In the event of UL transmission failure / error, the UE can also use other TA values ​​to perform UL transmission (or UL retransmission) (see reference). Figure 5A , Figure 5B ).exist Figure 5A The diagram illustrates an example of a UL transmission error where a UE holding multiple TA values ​​(here, TA values ​​#1 to #3) transmits using a specific TA value (here, the first TA value). Figure 5B The image shows an example of a UE that made a UL transmission error using the first TA value and then uses another TA value (here, the second TA value) to transmit (or retransmit) UL.

[0087] The UE can also determine that the UL transmission failed / errored if it fails to receive an ACK for the transmitted UL. Alternatively, the UE can also determine that the UL transmission failed / errored if it receives a NACK for the transmitted UL.

[0088] The UE can also control UL transmission based on at least one of the following options 2-2-1 to 2-2-6.

[0089] [Option 2-2-1]

[0090] The UE can also use the smaller TA value after the TA value applied in the failed UL transmission (here, the first TA value) to perform UL transmission.

[0091] [Option 2-2-2]

[0092] The UE can also use the larger TA value after the TA value applied in the failed UL transmission (here, the first TA value) to perform UL transmission.

[0093] [Options 2-2-3]

[0094] The UE can also use the TA value that has the largest difference from the TA value applied in the failed UL transmission (here, the first TA value) to perform UL transmission.

[0095] [Option 2-2-4]

[0096] The UE can also perform UL transmission using TA values ​​with different beam information (e.g., beams in different directions) / different transmission power information, based on the beam information / transmission power information corresponding to the TA value (here, the first TA value) of the erroneously transmitted UL. The correspondence between TA values ​​and beam / transmission power information can also be notified / set to the UE from the base station.

[0097] [Option 2-2-5]

[0098] The TA value can also be indicated / set to the UE from the base station. That is, the UE only needs to be able to perform UL transmission (or UL retransmission) using the TA value indicated from the base station. Information related to the indication of the TA value from the base station (here, the second TA value) can also be included in the DCI indicating / scheduling the UL retransmission. Alternatively, information related to the indication of the TA value from the base station (here, the second TA value) can also be indicated to the UE along with the NACK notification.

[0099] [Option 2-2-6]

[0100] The UE can also determine the TA value applied in UL transmission (or retransmission) based on specific conditions / parameters. Specific conditions / parameters may include, for example, at least one of the type of received DL reference signal and a measurement result of that DL reference signal (e.g., quality). Which condition is applied (e.g., based on which condition, which TA is used) can be specified by a standard or notified / set to the UE from the base station.

[0101] <Multiple UL Send>

[0102] When performing UL transmission, the UE can also use multiple TA information held for multiple UL transmissions (e.g., multiple UL transmissions using different TA values ​​can be performed simultaneously (or within a specific time unit)). Each UL transmission can also apply different UL beams / different transmission powers (see [reference]). Figure 6 ).

[0103] exist Figure 6 In this context, UEs maintaining multiple TA values ​​(here, TA values ​​#1 to #3) can simultaneously (or within a specific time unit) transmit UL signals using different TA values / beams. The specific time unit (or time interval) can also be at least one unit of a time slot, sub-time slot, or specific symbol. Here, the case where UL transmission #1 utilizing the first UL beam / first TA value and UL transmission #2 utilizing the second UL beam / second TA value are performed simultaneously is shown.

[0104] Multiple UL transmissions can also contain the same information (e.g., transport blocks / code blocks). In this case, multiple UL transmissions can also be transmitted with the same redundancy version (RV). Alternatively, multiple UL transmissions can be transmitted with different redundancy versions. Furthermore, multiple UL transmissions can also contain different information (e.g., transport blocks / code blocks).

[0105] Multiple UL transmissions can also be transmitted using the same time and frequency resources (Case 2-1). Alternatively, multiple UL transmissions can also be transmitted using either time or frequency resources that are different (Case 2-2). Alternatively, multiple UL transmissions can also be transmitted using both time and frequency resources that are different (Case 2-3).

[0106] UE capability can also be defined as whether the UE is able to perform UL transmission (or supports UL transmission) in scenarios 2-1 to 2-3. The UE can also report in advance to the network (e.g., base station) which scenarios it supports as UE capability information.

[0107] For example, if a UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH) is scheduled from a base station, the UE can also perform multiple UL transmissions using any of Scenarios 2-1 to 2-3. Multiple UL transmissions can also be controlled based on different TAs. The resources used in multiple UL transmissions can also be specified by the DCI that schedules the UL transmission.

[0108] Alternatively, if UL transmission based on configuration permission (e.g., PUSCH) is configured, the UE can also perform multiple UL transmissions using any of Scenarios 2-1 to 2-3. Multiple UL transmissions can also be controlled based on separate TAs. The resources used in multiple UL transmissions can also be specified by setting at least one of the higher-layer parameters of the configuration permission-based PUSCH and the DCI indicating the activation of the configuration permission-based PUSCH.

[0109] (Third method)

[0110] The third approach describes the scenario where the UE is located using multiple TA information (e.g., TA values) stored by the UE. These multiple TA information can be all the TA information stored by the UE, or a portion of the TA information stored by the UE.

[0111] TA information corresponds to the propagation time (or propagation distance) between each base station and the UE. Therefore, the UE / base station can estimate the UE's location based on the TA information with multiple base stations.

[0112] If the UE calculates / obtains information related to its location result, it can also send / report that information to the base station. If the base station calculates / obtains information related to the location result of a UE, it can also notify that UE of that information.

[0113] In addition to multiple TA information, the UE / base station may also consider at least one of the measured radio wave strength / quality (e.g., RSRP / RSSI / RSRQ, etc.) and transmit / receive angle information for positioning.

[0114] Even when positioning is performed / calculated using a method different from TA information (or without utilizing TA information), the TA value can still be calculated using the positioning results. Even if it is not calculated and maintained as a TA value, UL synchronization can be directly performed using the positioning results. In other words, the timing correction for initiating UL transmission can also be directly performed using the positioning results.

[0115] The correspondence between the positioning result and the TA value (or the correction of UL synchronization timing) can be defined by the specification or notified / set to the UE from the base station through higher-layer signaling.

[0116] The frame structure / physical channel structure can also be specified / set / switched based on the assumed error value generated by determining the TA value (or UL synchronization timing correction) according to the positioning. For example, a CP (Cyclic prefix) length that can cover the degree of assumed error can also be applied.

[0117] (Fourth method)

[0118] The fourth method describes the situation where different TAs are utilized for each transmit and receive beam between the base station and the base station.

[0119] The transmit and receive beam can be at least one of the following: UE transmit beam, UE receive beam, base station transmit beam, and base station receive beam.

[0120] <Option 4-1>

[0121] Alternatively, UL synchronization can be performed on a per-beam basis, and TA can be maintained. The UE can also perform UL synchronization on each beam and maintain the TA corresponding to each beam separately.

[0122] The correspondence between each beam and UL synchronization (or TA) can be defined by specifications or notified / set to the UE from the base station.

[0123] Alternatively, the TA value obtained through a random access procedure that utilizes that beam can be applied on a per-beam basis. For example, the UE may envision that the beam used in PRACH transmission / RAR reception during a certain random access procedure corresponds to the TA value obtained during that random access procedure (e.g., the TA value received via RAR).

[0124] It is also possible to specify / notify the TA to switch along with the beam switching.

[0125] <Option 4-2>

[0126] UL synchronization can also be implemented and TA maintained for each of multiple beams.

[0127] The correspondence between each beam and UL synchronization (or TA) can be defined by specifications or notified / set to the UE from the base station.

[0128] The value obtained for each beam through a random access procedure utilizing that beam can also be applied as the TA value. Groups applying the same TA value can also be specified / notified.

[0129] It can also be specified / notified that the TA will switch along with the beam switching.

[0130] <Option 4-3>

[0131] It can also notify the TA used in the switched beam along with the beam switching.

[0132] For example, the base station can also notify the UE of the TA that will be used in the new beam during beam switching. The base station can either notify the UE of the TA value, or assign an index to the TA value that has been obtained in advance, and be notified to switch in it (in the numbered index).

[0133] (Wireless Communication System)

[0134] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will now be described. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0135] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 can also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0136] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0137] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0138] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity of NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0139] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0140] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0141] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Furthermore, the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0142] In addition, user terminal 20 can also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) to communicate in each CC.

[0143] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic cable based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0144] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0145] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0146] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0147] The wireless access method can also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be used in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0148] As a downlink channel, the wireless communication system 1 can also use downlink shared channels (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), broadcast channels (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), downlink control channels (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0149] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may also use uplink shared channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), uplink control channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), random access channels (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0150] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via the PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via the PUSCH. Furthermore, the Master Information Block (MIB) can also be transmitted via the PBCH.

[0151] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. Lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0152] Additionally, the DCI that schedules PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can also be replaced with DL data, and PUSCH can also be replaced with UL data.

[0153] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0154] A search space can also correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates equivalent to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", and "CORESET setting" used in this disclosure can be used interchangeably.

[0155] Uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACK knowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR) can also be transmitted via PUCCH. Random access preambles used for establishing a connection with the cell can also be transmitted via PRACH.

[0156] Furthermore, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Additionally, various channels may be described without the word "physical".

[0157] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. As DL-RS, wireless communication system 1 can also transmit cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), phase tracking reference signals (PTRS), etc.

[0158] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. Furthermore, SS, SSB, etc., can also be called reference signals.

[0159] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, the DMRS can also be referred to as a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0160] (Base station)

[0161] Figure 8This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0162] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it can also be envisioned that the base station 10 also possesses other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0163] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0164] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0165] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of transmitters / receivers, RF circuits, baseband circuits, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuits, transmitting / receiving circuits, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0166] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0167] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0168] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0169] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0170] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0171] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0172] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0173] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the signals of the wireless frequency band received through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 into the baseband signal.

[0174] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, including analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data, etc.

[0175] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0176] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 and other base stations 10, and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0177] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0178] The transmit / receive unit 120 can also transmit information related to one or more timing advances based on a random access procedure. The transmit / receive unit 120 can also receive UL transmissions sent from the terminal based on at least one of multiple timing advance-related information.

[0179] The control unit 110 can also control one or more random access processes to a terminal.

[0180] (User terminal)

[0181] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, more than one of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be included.

[0182] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0183] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.

[0184] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0185] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0186] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0187] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0188] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0189] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0190] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0191] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0192] Furthermore, the application of DFT processing can be based on the transform precoding settings. For a specific channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is enabled, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above for transmitting the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. Otherwise, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above without performing DFT processing.

[0193] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0194] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, and demodulate the baseband signal for the wireless frequency band signal received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0195] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to acquire user data.

[0196] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0197] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one transmitting / receiving unit 220 and transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0198] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also acquire information related to multiple timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations or transmitting / receiving points based on a random access procedure. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also perform UL transmission based on at least one of the multiple timing advance-related information. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also perform multiple UL transmissions corresponding to the multiple timing advance-related information within a specific time unit.

[0199] Control unit 210 can also control more than one random access procedure. For example, control unit 210 can also control the acquisition / maintenance of information related to multiple timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations or transmit / receive points, respectively, based on more than one random access procedure. Control unit 210 can also control UL transmission based on at least one of the multiple timing advance related information maintained.

[0200] When transmitting or receiving with at least one of multiple base stations or transmitting / receiving points, the control unit 210 can also perform control to adjust the value of at least one of the multiple timing advances.

[0201] The control unit 210 can also be controlled to send multiple ULs within a specific time unit, each corresponding to information related to multiple timing advances.

[0202] The control unit 210 can also use at least two of the information related to multiple timing advances to determine the positioning.

[0203] (Hardware Structure)

[0204] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0205] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[0206] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0207] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include any of the apparatuses.

[0208] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0209] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 can perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or control at least one of reading out and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0210] The processor 1001, for example, enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc., described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0211] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0212] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0213] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as comprising at least one of the following: flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM, etc.), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0214] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmit / receive unit 120 (220) and transmit / receive antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmit / receive unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmit unit 120a (220a) and the receive unit 120b (220b).

[0215] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., touch panel).

[0216] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0217] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can be used to implement some or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0218] (Modified Example)

[0219] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0220] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitutes a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0221] Here, the parameter set can also be communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0222] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). Furthermore, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0223] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0224] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols used in this disclosure can be used interchangeably.

[0225] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe in existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0226] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0227] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0228] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also serve as the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0229] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), standard TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, standard subframe, long subframe, time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), shortened subframe, short subframe, mini time slot, sub-time slot, time slot, etc.

[0230] In addition, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of more than 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of less than long TTIs but more than 1 ms.

[0231] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0232] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0233] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0234] Furthermore, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0235] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0236] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0237] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive on a specific channel / signal outside of the active BWP. Furthermore, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" in this disclosure can be replaced with "BWP".

[0238] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0239] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0240] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0241] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0242] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0243] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using management tables. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0244] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0245] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0246] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification that “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0247] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0248] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, it should be broadly interpreted to refer to instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0249] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0250] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0251] In this disclosure, the terms "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmit power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beamwidth", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" are used interchangeably.

[0252] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where the terms macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to a base station.

[0253] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem providing communication services within that coverage area.

[0254] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0255] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0256] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. This mobile body can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile body moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0257] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to a structure where the communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be replaced with side channel.

[0258] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be replaced by a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0259] In this disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. Clearly, in a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0260] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, with respect to the methods described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0261] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark))), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi, registered trademark), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX, registered trademark), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other suitable wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems derived from them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0262] As used in this disclosure, the term "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the term "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0263] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0264] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0265] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0266] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". In other words, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain actions as situations where a "judgment (decision)" is made.

[0267] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0268] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually "connected" or "coupled" elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" can also be replaced with "access."

[0269] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to use more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc., and to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, so that they are "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0270] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, the term can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0271] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0272] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0273] The invention disclosed herein has been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The invention can be implemented with modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description in this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The control unit controls one or more random access procedures. The receiving unit acquires information related to multiple timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations or transmitting / receiving points, based on the random access procedure; and The transmitting unit performs UL transmission based on at least one of the multiple timing advance related information. The receiving unit acquires information related to the multiple timing advances based on one of the random access procedures.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, When transmitting or receiving with at least one of the plurality of base stations or transmitting / receiving points, the control unit performs control to adjust the value of at least one of the plurality of timing advances.

3. The terminal as described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, The transmitting unit performs multiple UL transmissions within a specific time unit, each corresponding to information related to the multiple timing advances.

4. The terminal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The control unit uses at least two of the multiple pieces of information related to the advance timing to determine the location.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps to control more than one random access procedure; The steps of obtaining information related to multiple timing advances corresponding to multiple base stations or transmitting / receiving points based on the random access procedure; and The UL transmission step is performed based on at least one piece of information related to the plurality of timing advances. in, Information related to the multiple timing advances is obtained based on one of the random access procedures.

6. A base station, comprising: The control unit controls one or more random access procedures. The sending unit sends information related to multiple timing advances based on the random access procedure; as well as The receiving unit receives the UL transmission sent from the terminal based on at least one piece of information related to the plurality of timing advances. The sending unit sends information related to the multiple timing advances based on one of the random access procedures.

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