Methods, apparatus, equipment and media for evaluating the stability of arc welding processes

Abstract

This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process. The method includes: acquiring welding current and arc voltage signals during the arc welding process; determining key parameters for VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and a trial-and-error method, the key parameters including the number of decomposition layers K and a penalty factor α; performing VMD decomposition on the welding current and arc voltage signals according to the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculating the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component; calculating the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each IMF; and evaluating the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy to obtain the evaluation result. Based on this, this invention can efficiently obtain the stability evaluation result of the welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process. Background Technology

[0002] Welding technology, as one of the most widely used key basic processes in current industrial manufacturing, is a major application of pulsed MIG welding technology. This technology utilizes periodically varying pulsed currents to control droplet transfer and welding heat input, enabling effective welding of thin plates, spatially positioned welds, and heat-sensitive materials. With increasing demands for high quality, high efficiency, and precision in welded products, the acquisition and processing of welding process stability and quality information has become a crucial component of information technology in the welding manufacturing industry.

[0003] However, existing methods for evaluating the stability of welding processes employ relatively complex algorithms and are inefficient. Therefore, how to efficiently obtain the results of welding process stability evaluations has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process, which can efficiently obtain the evaluation results of the welding process stability.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process, comprising:

[0006] Acquire welding current and arc voltage signals during the arc welding process;

[0007] The key parameters of VMD decomposition are determined using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method. The key parameters include the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α.

[0008] Based on the key parameters, the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal are decomposed using VMD to obtain K modal components, and the variance of each decomposed modal component IMF is calculated.

[0009] The current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy are calculated based on the variance of each modal component IMF.

[0010] The stability of the arc welding process is evaluated based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and the evaluation results are obtained.

[0011] In some embodiments, the modal component IMF is represented as follows:

[0012] u k (t)=A k (t)cos(φ k(t))

[0013] Among them, u k (t) is the k-th decomposition signal (k = 1, 2, ..., K), A k (t) is u k The instantaneous envelope amplitude of (t), φ k (t) is u k The instantaneous phase of (t).

[0014] In some embodiments, the VMD decomposition constrained variational model is represented as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, u k ={u1,u2,…,u K} represents the set of modal functions, ω k ={ω1,ω2,…,ω K Let} be the set of center frequencies, and K represent the number of mode decompositions. Let δ(t) be the partial derivative of the function with respect to time t, where δ(t) is the unit impulse function, j is the imaginary unit, and * denotes convolution operation.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0018] By introducing a penalty factor α and a Lagrange operator λ(t), the inequality constraints are transformed into equality constraints. The optimal solution to the constraint problem of the variational model is then found, where LA = L({u... k},{ω k The augmented Lagrange expression for {λ(t)} is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] The constraint problem of the variational model is updated and iterated using the alternating direction multiplier method to find the optimal solution, thereby decomposing the original signal into K modal components (IMFs).

[0021] In some embodiments, the step of performing VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal based on the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculating the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component, includes:

[0022] The welding current signal and the arc voltage signal are decomposed into K modal components. The IMF of each decomposed modal component is represented by a time series composed of N data points as follows:

[0023] x k ={x1,x2,…,x N}

[0024] The variance of each IMF component after VMD decomposition is expressed as follows:

[0025]

[0026] in,

[0027] In some embodiments, the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy are expressed as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, M k for That is, the proportion of the variance of the k-th IMF component in the total variance of all IMFs, and satisfying the following:

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a welding system, the welding system including an industrial control computer, a main control card, an electrical signal sensor, a welding torch, a wire feeding mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a welding power source and a gas cylinder, wherein the electrical signal sensor, the wire feeding mechanism and the traveling mechanism are electrically connected to the main control card, the main control card is communicatively connected to the industrial control computer, the welding torch is disposed on the traveling mechanism, and the industrial control computer executes the arc welding process stability evaluation method as described in the first aspect.

[0031] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an arc welding process stability evaluation device, the device comprising:

[0032] The acquisition module is used to acquire the welding current signal and arc voltage signal during the arc welding process;

[0033] A determination module is used to determine key parameters of VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method. The key parameters include the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α.

[0034] The decomposition module is used to perform VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal according to the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculate the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component.

[0035] The calculation module is used to calculate the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each mode component IMF.

[0036] The evaluation module is used to evaluate the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and obtain the evaluation results.

[0037] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for evaluating the stability of the arc welding process as described in the first aspect.

[0038] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the arc welding process stability evaluation method as described in the first aspect.

[0039] According to embodiments of the present invention, the method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process include: acquiring welding current and arc voltage signals during the arc welding process; determining key parameters for VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method, the key parameters including the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α; performing VMD decomposition on the welding current and arc voltage signals based on the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculating the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component; calculating the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each IMF; and evaluating the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy to obtain the evaluation result. This invention utilizes the center frequency method and trial-and-error method to determine the key parameters of Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD): the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α. Then, VMD decomposition is performed on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal, effectively separating noise signals and completely reconstructing the original signals. The stability of the welding process is evaluated by extracting the variance entropy of each mode component (IMF) of the VMD-decomposed welding current signal and arc voltage signal. Based on this, embodiments of this invention perform variational mode decomposition on the welding electrical signal of the welding process, calculate the variance entropy corresponding to the decomposed IMF, and combine the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy to evaluate the stability of the welding process, thereby efficiently obtaining the welding process stability evaluation results. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a welding system structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a waveform diagram of pulsed MIG welding current provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4This is a comparison diagram of weld formation with different air supply volumes provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy for different gas delivery volumes provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an arc welding process stability evaluation device provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0048] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and the following drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "furthermore," "exemplarily," or "optionally" are used as examples, illustrations, or descriptions and should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of the terms "furthermore," "exemplarily," or "optionally" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0050] First, let's analyze some of the terms used in this invention:

[0051] VMD: (Variational Mode Decomposition)

[0052] IMF: (Intrinsic Mode Functions) Modal components.

[0053] To facilitate a more convenient description of the working principle of the embodiments of the present invention, the following introduction of relevant technical scenarios is given first.

[0054] Welding technology, as one of the most widely used key basic processes in current industrial manufacturing, is a major application of pulsed MIG welding technology. This technology utilizes periodically varying pulsed currents to control droplet transfer and welding heat input, enabling effective welding of thin plates, spatially positioned welds, and heat-sensitive materials. With increasing demands for high quality, high efficiency, and precision in welded products, the acquisition and processing of welding process stability and quality information has become a crucial component of information technology in the welding manufacturing industry.

[0055] However, existing methods for evaluating the stability of welding processes employ relatively complex algorithms and are inefficient. Therefore, how to efficiently obtain the results of welding process stability evaluations has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0056] Based on this, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process. The method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process includes: acquiring the welding current signal and arc voltage signal of the arc welding process; determining key parameters for VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method, the key parameters including the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α; performing VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and arc voltage signal according to the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculating the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component; calculating the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each IMF; and evaluating the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy to obtain the evaluation result. This invention utilizes the center frequency method and trial-and-error method to determine the key parameters of Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD): the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α. Then, VMD decomposition is performed on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal, effectively separating noise signals and completely reconstructing the original signals. The stability of the welding process is evaluated by extracting the variance entropy of each mode component (IMF) of the VMD-decomposed welding current signal and arc voltage signal. Based on this, embodiments of this invention perform variational mode decomposition on the welding electrical signal of the welding process, calculate the variance entropy corresponding to the decomposed IMF, and combine the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy to evaluate the stability of the welding process, thereby efficiently obtaining the welding process stability evaluation results.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process may include, but is not limited to, steps S101 to S105.

[0059] Step S101: Acquire the welding current signal and arc voltage signal during the arc welding process;

[0060] Step S102: Determine the key parameters of VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method. The key parameters include the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α.

[0061] Step S103: Perform VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and arc voltage signal according to the key parameters to obtain K modal components, and calculate the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component.

[0062] Step S104: Calculate the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each mode component IMF;

[0063] Step S105: Evaluate the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and obtain the evaluation results.

[0064] In one embodiment, existing EMD methods define modal components as signals whose number of local extrema and zero-crossings differs by no more than 1. Unlike the original EMD methods, the VMD method redefines the IMF as an amplitude-frequency modulated signal based on a modulation criterion:

[0065] u k (t)=A k (t)cos(φ k (t))

[0066] Among them, u k (t) is the k-th decomposition signal (k = 1, 2, ..., K), A k (t) is u k The instantaneous envelope amplitude of (t), φ k (t) is u k The instantaneous phase of (t); the instantaneous envelope amplitude A k (t) and instantaneous frequency ω k (t)=φ′ k (t) is greater than the phase φ k (t) is much slower.

[0067] The VMD decomposition method is essentially a variational problem solution process. The variational problem requires minimizing the sum of the bandwidths of the center frequencies of each modal component, and ensuring that the sum of all modal components equals the original signal. To achieve this, each modal function u... k (t) Perform Hilbert transform to obtain the corresponding IMF single-margin spectrum, and compare it with the estimated IMF center frequency. Multiplication modulates the single-side spectrum of each mode onto the corresponding fundamental frequency band, and then the gradient squared L of the analytical signal is used. 2The norm is used to calculate the bandwidth of each mode signal. The constrained variational model for variational mode decomposition is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, u k ={u1,u2,…,u K} represents the set of modal functions, ω k ={ω1,ω2,…,ω K Let} be the set of center frequencies, and K represent the number of mode decompositions. Let δ(t) be the partial derivative of the function with respect to time t, where δ(t) is the unit impulse function, j is the imaginary unit, and * denotes convolution operation.

[0070] By introducing a penalty factor α and the Lagrange operator λ(t), the inequality constraints are transformed into equality constraints. The optimal solution to the constraint problem of the variational model is then found, where LA = L({u k},{ω k The augmented Lagrange expression for {λ(t)} is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] The method of alternating direction multipliers is used to update and iterate the constraint problem of the variational model and find the optimal solution, thereby decomposing the original signal into K modal components (IMFs).

[0073] In one embodiment, information entropy, also known as Shannon entropy, describes the uncertainty of information. It was initially applied in statistical thermodynamics to describe the degree of disorder in a thermodynamic system; the more disordered the system, the higher the information entropy value, and vice versa. The formula for information entropy is:

[0074]

[0075] p i (i = 1, 2, ..., Q) represents the probability of Q possible events occurring, and Where -logp i Let be the amount of information contained in the i-th possible event.

[0076] The VMD method decomposes the welding current signal into K modal components, and each decomposed IMF is composed of N data points to form a time series:

[0077] x k ={x1,x2,…,x N}

[0078] The variance of each IMF component after VMD decomposition is expressed as follows:

[0079]

[0080] in, Furthermore, the concept of information entropy is introduced to construct the variance entropy MREH based on VMD:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, M k for That is, the proportion of the variance of the k-th IMF component in the total variance of all IMFs, and satisfying the following:

[0083] In one embodiment, by extracting stability evaluation features of the welding process, analyzing the relationship between welding process parameters and welding process stability, and adjusting the welding process parameters, the welding forming quality and efficiency are improved. Specifically, this invention evaluates the stability of the welding process by performing variational mode decomposition on the welding electrical signal, calculating the variance entropy corresponding to the decomposed modal components, and combining the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy. This allows for remote monitoring of welding process stability under single-person operation, ensuring both safety and efficiency. It should be noted that the more stable the welding process, the smaller the VMD-variance entropy, and the better the evaluation effect of this invention on welding process stability.

[0084] Based on this, the present invention utilizes the center frequency method and trial-and-error method to determine the key parameters of VMD: the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α. Then, VMD decomposition is performed on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal, which can effectively separate noise signals and completely reconstruct the original signals. The stability of the welding process is evaluated by extracting the variance entropy of each mode component (IMF) of the VMD-decomposed welding current signal and arc voltage signal. Based on this, the embodiments of the present invention perform variational mode decomposition on the welding electrical signal of the welding process, calculate the variance entropy corresponding to the decomposed mode component (IMF), and combine the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy to evaluate the stability of the welding process, thereby efficiently obtaining the welding process stability evaluation results.

[0085] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention also discloses a welding system, which includes an industrial control computer, a main control card, an electrical signal sensor, a welding torch, a wire feeding mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a welding power source, and a gas cylinder. The electrical signal sensor, the wire feeding mechanism, and the traveling mechanism are electrically connected to the main control card, and the main control card is communicatively connected to the industrial control computer. The welding torch is mounted on the traveling mechanism, and the welding parameters of the welding torch include: welding speed, wire feeding speed, peak current, peak time, base current, and base time. Figure 3As shown, the welding waveform of the electrical signal sensor is divided into arc initiation waveform, pulse waveform, and arc termination waveform. The industrial control computer executes the arc welding process stability evaluation method as described in any of the previous embodiments. In addition, the control interface of the industrial control computer can automatically display the corresponding pulse frequency, duty cycle, and average current according to the set values.

[0086] In one embodiment, the welding test employed a self-developed gas metal arc welding (GMAW) system. The test substrate was a Q235 steel plate, 100mm × 300mm × 4mm in size, using φ1.2mm HTW-50 carbon steel welding wire, and 99.99% pure argon as the shielding gas. A welding current and voltage synchronous acquisition sensor was used to collect the welding process current and voltage signals at a sampling frequency of 5000Hz. Pulsed MIG welding tests were conducted with different process parameters, yielding three sets of current and voltage signals under different shielding gas flow rates. During the welding process, the pulse base current was set to 55A, the pulse base time to 8ms, the pulse peak current to 325A, the pulse peak time to 7ms, the pulse frequency to 67Hz, the wire feed speed to 8.7m / min, and the welding method to be flat plate surfacing. The shielding gas flow rate was used as a variable to alter the stability of the welding process, and the welding tests were conducted according to Table 1 below.

[0087] Table 1 Comparison of Protective Gas Flow Rates

[0088]

[0089] like Figure 4 For weld formation, from Figure 4 (a), (b), and (c) in the figure represent weld formation with an air supply of 20 L / min, 10 L / min, and 0 L / min, respectively. It can be seen that the stability of the welding process deteriorates in sequence.

[0090] Four experiments were conducted for each group under different shielding gas flow rates, resulting in 12 sets of current and voltage signals. The experiment time was kept as consistent as possible. In this embodiment, data from 1 second can be taken as a sample for analysis. A 5-second time step after stable welding was used for interval sampling, resulting in 25,000 data points. These were then divided into 5 segments for analysis, i.e., 5,000 data points were sampled every 1 second, yielding a total of 60 current and 60 voltage sample data points. Key parameter analysis was performed on the 12 sets of current and 12 sets of voltage signals. K = 13 and α = 5000 were found to be the optimal solution. The VMD-variance entropy calculation process was performed to obtain the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy for different gas flow rates, as follows... Figure 5 As shown.

[0091] Combining the calculated results of current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy, since a smaller VMD-variance entropy indicates a more stable welding process, it can be predicted that the welding process with the first group of gas supply rates of 20 L / min has the best stability, the second group with a gas supply rate of 10 L / min has the second best stability, and the third group with a gas supply rate of 0 L / min has the worst stability. The welding process stability assessed by the welding process current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy corresponds to the actual weld formation effect. Therefore, VMD-variance entropy can effectively evaluate the stability of the welding process and can reflect the stability of the welding process well.

[0092] Based on this, the present invention provides a welding system based on the pulsed MIG welding method, which more conveniently achieves high-precision control of parameters such as wire feed motor speed, pulse power supply current duty cycle, peak value, base value, and frequency. Simultaneously, the application interface design makes control more convenient and efficient, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the control effect. Finally, the stability of the welding process is evaluated using the VMD-variance entropy method. These innovations and technological advantages can provide higher quality and more stable welding and control methods for the production or manufacturing industry, and have significant practical implications for promoting the development of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing.

[0093] In addition, such as Figure 6 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention also discloses an arc welding process stability evaluation device, the device comprising:

[0094] The acquisition module 110 is used to acquire the welding current signal and arc voltage signal during the arc welding process;

[0095] Module 120 is used to determine the key parameters of VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method. The key parameters include the number of decomposition layers K and the penalty factor α.

[0096] The decomposition module 130 is used to perform VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and arc voltage signal according to key parameters, obtain K modal components, and calculate the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component.

[0097] Calculation module 140 is used to calculate the current VMD-variance entropy and voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each mode component IMF;

[0098] Evaluation module 150 is used to evaluate the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and obtain the evaluation results.

[0099] The arc welding process stability evaluation device of this invention is used to execute the arc welding process stability evaluation method in the above embodiments. Its specific processing procedure is the same as that of the arc welding process stability evaluation method in the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] In addition, such as Figure 7 As shown, one embodiment of the present invention also discloses an electronic device, including: at least one processor 210; at least one memory 220 for storing at least one program; when the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor 210, it implements the arc welding process stability evaluation method as in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0101] In addition, one embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the arc welding process stability evaluation method as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0102] The system architecture and application scenarios described in the embodiments of this invention are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this invention. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this invention are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0104] In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0105] The terms “component,” “module,” “system,” etc., used in this specification are used to refer to computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, or a computer. As illustrated, applications running on computing devices and computing devices can both be components. One or more components may reside in a process or execution thread, and components may be located on a single computer or distributed among two or more computers. Furthermore, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media on which various data structures are stored. Components can communicate, for example, via local or remote processes based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems via signals).

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process, comprising: Acquire the welding current signal and arc voltage signal of pulsed MIG welding during the arc welding process; The key parameters of VMD decomposition, including the number of decomposition levels K and the penalty factor, were determined using the center frequency method and trial-and-error method. Where K=13 and α=5000; Based on the key parameters, the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal are decomposed using VMD to obtain K modal components. The variance of each decomposed modal component IMF is calculated, including: The welding current signal and the arc voltage signal are decomposed into K modal components. The IMF of each decomposed modal component is represented by a time series composed of N data points as follows: The variance of each IMF component after VMD decomposition is expressed as follows: in, ; The current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy are calculated based on the variance of each modal component IMF. The current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy are expressed as follows: in, for That is, the proportion of the variance of the k-th IMF component in the total variance of all IMFs, and satisfying the following: ; The stability of the arc welding process is evaluated based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and the evaluation results are obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modal component IMF is represented as follows: in, For the k-th decomposition signal , for The instantaneous envelope amplitude, for The instantaneous phase.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The constrained variational model of VMD decomposition is represented as follows: in, For modal function set, Let K be the set of center frequencies, and K represent the number of mode decompositions. For function with respect to time Find the partial derivative. It is a unit impulse function. The imaginary unit, This represents the convolution operation.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Introducing a penalty factor and Lagrange operators Transform the inequality constraints into equality constraints, and solve the optimal solution to the constraint problem of the variational model, let... The corresponding augmented Lagrange expression is as follows: The constraint problem of the variational model is updated and iterated using the alternating direction multiplier method to find the optimal solution, thereby decomposing the original signal into... One modal component IMF.

5. A welding system, characterized in that, The welding system includes an industrial control computer, a main control card, an electrical signal sensor, a welding torch, a wire feeding mechanism, a traveling mechanism, a welding power source, and a gas cylinder. The electrical signal sensor, the wire feeding mechanism, and the traveling mechanism are electrically connected to the main control card, and the main control card is communicatively connected to the industrial control computer. The welding torch is mounted on the traveling mechanism. The industrial control computer executes the arc welding process stability evaluation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A device for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the welding current signal and arc voltage signal of pulsed MIG welding during the arc welding process; The determination module is used to determine the key parameters of VMD decomposition using the center frequency method and trial-and-error algorithm. These key parameters include the number of decomposition levels K and the penalty factor. Where K=13 and α=5000; The decomposition module is used to perform VMD decomposition on the welding current signal and the arc voltage signal based on the key parameters, obtain K modal components, and calculate the variance of the IMF of each decomposed modal component, including: The welding current signal and the arc voltage signal are decomposed into K modal components. The IMF of each decomposed modal component is represented by a time series composed of N data points as follows: The variance of each IMF component after VMD decomposition is expressed as follows: in, ; The calculation module is used to calculate the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy based on the variance of each mode component IMF. The current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy are expressed as follows: in, for That is, the proportion of the variance of the k-th IMF component in the total variance of all IMFs, and satisfying the following: ; The evaluation module is used to evaluate the stability of the arc welding process based on the current VMD-variance entropy and the voltage VMD-variance entropy, and obtain the evaluation results.

7. An electronic device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for performing the method for evaluating the stability of an arc welding process as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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