Textured hollow shear thickening polishing processing platform

Abstract

The application provides a textured hollow shear thickening polishing processing platform, which comprises a base, a base plate, an operation panel, a stirring module, a cross beam, a motion mechanism and a polishing mechanism; the base plate is installed on the base; the stirring module, the polishing mechanism and the cross beam are installed on the base plate; the operation panel is installed on one side of the cross beam, and the motion mechanism is installed on the lower surface of the top end of the cross beam; the polishing mechanism is connected with the motion mechanism and the stirring module; a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the bottom of a tool head in the polishing mechanism, and the tool head is a hollow structure, so that the polishing liquid flows into the tool head and flows out from the liquid outlet holes. The hollow liquid supply mode and the surface texturing design are adopted, so that the distribution uniformity and abrasive particle renewal speed of the shear thickening polishing liquid in the polishing area are improved, and the polishing efficiency and precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ultra-precision polishing, and in particular to a textured hollow shear thickening polishing processing platform. Background Technology

[0002] Ultra-precision polishing is a crucial technique for achieving ultra-smooth, low-damage surfaces in the manufacturing process of high-performance parts. Shear-thickening polishing, on the other hand, is a flexible polishing technique that utilizes the shear-thickening properties of non-Newtonian fluids to remove material. In this technique, the non-Newtonian shear-thickening abrasive fluid moves relative to the workpiece, creating a pressure zone on the workpiece surface. The abrasive fluid at the contact point, under shear force, generates a shear-thickening "particle cluster," which holds and encapsulates the abrasive particles, forming a shear-thickened layer. Under fluid pressure, the shear-thickening effect gradually intensifies, increasing the holding power of the solid particles on the abrasive particles, forming a "flexible mold" to achieve the polishing purpose. Simultaneously, as the polishing fluid continues to move, the shear-thickening effect weakens, the "particle cluster" effect diminishes until it disappears, the material removal effect decreases, and the non-Newtonian shear-thickening abrasive fluid eventually returns to its initial flow state. Shear-thickening polishing is characterized by high efficiency, high quality, and low cost, and is currently widely used in the ultra-precision machining of precision parts.

[0003] In shear-thickening polishing, the spatial relationship between the tool head, polishing fluid, and workpiece is crucial, directly affecting machining accuracy and efficiency. Current processing methods can be broadly categorized into two types based on the supply method of the shear-thickening polishing fluid: bath polishing (immersion polishing) and external spray polishing. Most research focuses on designing processing schemes by modifying the polishing tool structure. For both bath polishing and external spray polishing, during the rotation of the polishing fluid, because the mass of the abrasive particles is greater than the mass of the thickening phase particles, the abrasive particles are gradually thrown towards the edge of the polishing tank under centrifugal force. This leads to uneven distribution of the polishing fluid in the polishing area and a relatively slow abrasive particle renewal rate in the central area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This application provides a textured hollow shear thickening and polishing processing platform, including a base, a substrate, an operation panel, a stirring module, a crossbeam, a motion mechanism, and a polishing mechanism; the substrate is mounted on the base; the stirring module, the polishing mechanism, and the crossbeam are mounted on the substrate; the operation panel is mounted on one side of the crossbeam, and the motion mechanism is mounted on the lower surface of the top of the crossbeam; the polishing mechanism is connected to both the motion mechanism and the stirring module; the bottom of the tool head inside the polishing mechanism has multiple small outlet holes, and the tool head has a hollow structure, so the polishing liquid flows into the tool head and flows out from the outlet holes.

[0006] Through the above technical solutions, the shear-thickening polishing fluid is delivered from inside the tool head to the processing gap, allowing the abrasive grains to effectively enter the processing area. As the tool head rotates, the abrasive grain renewal efficiency in the processing area is improved.

[0007] Specifically, a flange is fixed to the top of the tool head; the flange is connected to the motion mechanism; a polishing fluid inlet is provided inside the tool head; an annular inclined baffle is provided below the inlet; one end of the inclined baffle is fixed to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head, and an outlet is provided at the other end of the inclined baffle.

[0008] Specifically, the flange has four fan blades on its side, and the fan blades have an inclined angle; the flange is fixed to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head through the fan blades.

[0009] With the above technical solution, when the tool head rotates, the polishing fluid flows down from the gap between the two blades, which ensures that the polishing fluid will not be thrown out of the inlet under the action of centrifugal force. Under the action of its own gravity, the polishing fluid flows from near the outer wall of the tool head through the inclined baffle and gathers at the center of rotation of the tool head. Finally, the polishing fluid flows to the bottom surface and flows out through the small hole on the bottom surface of the tool head to the surface of the workpiece, thus forming the internal central fluid supply of the tool head.

[0010] Specifically, the bottom of the tool head is a regular circular bottom.

[0011] Specifically, the bottom surface of the tool head adopts a semi-cylindrical surface guided by the Archimedean spiral; the center of the bottom surface of the tool head is the starting point of the Archimedean spiral, and the end point of the Archimedean spiral is located at the edge of the bottom surface of the tool head; six longitudinal grooves are opened on the bottom surface of the tool head with the liquid outlet hole located at the center of the bottom surface of the tool head as the intersection point, and the remaining liquid outlet holes are evenly distributed on the six longitudinal grooves.

[0012] Specifically, the bottom surface of the tool head has multiple equally spaced, parallel longitudinal grooves.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution and designing the bottom surface structure, the polishing tool can quickly remove workpiece debris generated during polishing while simultaneously achieving a shear thickening effect, thus minimizing the adverse effects of workpiece debris on the processing results. The microstructure design on the bottom surface of the polishing tool ensures a more uniform distribution of the polishing fluid within the polishing area.

[0014] Specifically, the polishing mechanism also includes: a clamp, a rolling stop arm, a grinding disc, a rotary table, a polishing liquid tank, and a spray pipe; the rotary table is placed on the grinding disc, and the rotary table is close to the rolling stop arm; the clamp and the polishing liquid tank are fixed on the rotary table; one end of the spray pipe is connected to the stirring module, and the other end extends to the top of the tool head.

[0015] Specifically, the rolling stop arm includes: a rubber roller and an arc-shaped stop arm; the rubber roller is rotatably mounted at the front end of the arc-shaped stop arm and is close to the rotary worktable.

[0016] With the above technical solution, the workpiece is fixed on the rotating worktable by the fixture and the polishing liquid tank, and when the grinding disc rotates, the rotating worktable and the grinding disc can be driven to move in the same direction and at the same speed by friction.

[0017] Specifically, the mixing module includes a peristaltic pump, a magnetic stirrer, and a spray pipe; the magnetic stirrer is connected to the peristaltic pump through the spray pipe, so that the prepared polishing liquid is delivered to the top of the polishing head through the peristaltic pump and the spray pipe and flows out from the small hole at the bottom of the polishing tool head.

[0018] Specifically, it also includes a baffle, which is set on the outside of the polishing mechanism and wraps around the side of the polishing mechanism.

[0019] Specifically, the motion mechanism includes: a rotary motor, a Z-axis motion module, and an X-axis motion module; the rotary motor is connected to the tool head.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0021] 1. The shear-thickening polishing fluid is delivered through the inside of the tool head to the machining gap position so that the abrasive grains can effectively enter the machining area and rotate with the tool head to improve the renewal efficiency of the abrasive grains in the machining area.

[0022] 2. By designing the bottom structure, the workpiece debris generated during polishing can be quickly removed while the shear thickening effect occurs, so as to minimize the adverse effects of workpiece debris on the processing effect.

[0023] 3. The polishing tool has a microstructure design on its bottom surface, which makes the polishing liquid more evenly distributed in the polishing area. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Other embodiments and many anticipated advantages of these embodiments will be readily recognized as they become better understood through reference to the following detailed description. Elements in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. The same reference numerals refer to corresponding similar parts.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool head flange of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the third embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram simulating the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the first to third embodiments of this application.

[0033] The meanings of the numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Stirring module; 3. Polishing mechanism; 4. Motion mechanism; 5. Control panel; 6. Crossbeam; 7. Rolling stop arm; 8. Rotary worktable; 9. Polishing fluid tank; 10. CaF2 workpiece; 11. Tool head; 12. Spray pipe; 13. Peristaltic pump; 14. Magnetic stirrer; 15. Magnetic rotor; 16. Polishing fluid outlet; 17. Polishing fluid inlet; 18. Tool head outer wall; 19. Annular inclined baffle; 20. Polishing fluid outlet; 21. Flange; 22. Small outlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the detailed description and illustrate illustrative specific embodiments in which the present application may be practiced. In this regard, directional terms such as “top,” “bottom,” “left,” “right,” “up,” “down,” etc., are used with reference to the orientation of the described figures. Because components of the embodiments can be positioned in several different orientations, directional terms are used for illustrative purposes and are by no means limiting. It should be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform includes: a base 1, a substrate, an operation panel 5, a stirring module 2, a crossbeam 6, a motion mechanism 4, and a polishing mechanism 3; the substrate is mounted on the base 1; the stirring module 2, the polishing mechanism 3, and the crossbeam 6 are mounted on the substrate; the operation panel 5 is mounted on one side of the crossbeam 6, and the motion mechanism 4 is mounted on the lower surface of the top of the crossbeam 6; the polishing mechanism 3 is connected to both the motion mechanism 4 and the stirring module 2; the bottom of the tool head 11 inside the polishing mechanism 3 has multiple small outlet holes 22, and the tool head 11 is a hollow structure, so polishing liquid flows into the tool head 11 and flows out from the outlet holes 22.

[0036] This application improves upon traditional grinding machine tools by constructing a shear-thickening polishing processing platform. The design features a gantry-type beam with six columns, measuring 1750mm × 1300mm × 2200mm. The machine tool has two moving axes: an X-axis and a Z-axis. The polishing disc, driven by an upper motor, rotates on the Z1 axis, while the grinding disc rotates on the Z2 axis. A stirring module 2 enables real-time stirring of the prepared shear-thickening polishing fluid, ensuring uniform dispersion. It also stirs the recovered shear-thickening polishing fluid. This machine tool can grind and polish optical components and metal materials, offering higher processing accuracy and efficiency than traditional grinding machine tools, and making more efficient use of machine space.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism 3 of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the polishing mechanism 3 also includes: a clamp, a rolling stop arm 7, a grinding disc, a rotary table 8, a polishing liquid tank 9, and a spray pipe 12; the rotary table 8 is placed on the grinding disc, and the rotary table 8 is close to the rolling stop arm 7; the clamp and the polishing liquid tank 9 are fixed on the rotary table 8; one end of the spray pipe 12 is connected to the stirring module 2, and the other end extends above the tool head 11. The rolling stop arm 7 includes: a rubber roller and an arc-shaped stop arm; the rubber roller is rotatably mounted at the front end of the arc-shaped stop arm and is close to the rotary table 8.

[0038] The stirring module 2 includes a peristaltic pump 13, a magnetic stirrer 14, and a spray pipe 12; the magnetic stirrer 14 is connected to the peristaltic pump 13 through the spray pipe 12.

[0039] Taking CaF2 workpiece 10 as an example, its working principle is as follows: The workpiece is fixed on the rotating worktable by the fixture and the polishing liquid tank 9. The polishing spindle Z1 drives the polishing tool head 11 to rotate. The prepared polishing liquid is delivered to the top of the polishing head through the peristaltic pump 13 and the spray pipe 12 and flows out from the small hole at the bottom of the polishing tool head 11. The polishing tool head 11 is controlled to move in the negative Z-axis direction so that it forms a small processing gap with the workpiece. At this time, the polishing liquid moves relative to the workpiece under the push of the bottom structure of the polishing tool head 11, resulting in shear thickening. The large number of aggregated "particle clusters" hold the abrasive grains dispersed in the polishing liquid and form a "flexible fixed abrasive" at the processing position, thereby removing the workpiece material through the micro-cutting action of the abrasive grains. At the same time, the rotating worktable is placed on the grinding disc and close to the rolling stop arm 7. The front end of the rolling stop arm 7 is equipped with a rubber roller. When the grinding disc Z2 rotates, the friction force can drive the rotating worktable Z3 to move in the same direction and at the same speed as the grinding disc Z2. The eccentricity between the rotation center of the polishing tool head 11 and the center of the CaF2 workpiece 10 can be adjusted by handwheel, so that the entire surface of the workpiece can be covered by the relative rotation of the polishing head and the worktable, thus achieving full-surface polishing of the CaF2 workpiece 10.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tool head for a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool head flange of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a flange is fixedly connected to the top of the tool head; the flange is connected to the motion mechanism 4; a flange 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the tool head 11; the flange 21 is connected to the motion mechanism 44; a polishing fluid inlet 17 is provided inside the tool head 11; an annular inclined baffle 19 is provided below the inlet; one end of the inclined baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head 11, and the other end of the inclined baffle has an outlet; four fan blades are provided on the side of the flange 21, and the fan blades have an inclined angle; the flange 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head 11 through the fan blades; with this structure, the tool head 11 can be connected to the flange 21 at the end of the machine tool motor spindle by bolts to drive rotation; the flange 21 and the cylinder The outer wall has a vertical distance, allowing the polishing fluid to flow into the interior through the spray pipe 12 from the inlet. The connection between the flange 21 of the tool head 11 and the outer wall is designed with four fan-shaped connecting parts at a certain angle. This allows the polishing fluid to flow down from the gap between the two fan blades when the tool head 11 rotates, ensuring that the polishing fluid will not be thrown out of the inlet under the action of centrifugal force. Under the action of its own gravity, the polishing fluid flows from near the outer wall of the tool head 11, passes through the inclined baffle, and collects at the center of rotation of the tool head 11. Finally, the polishing fluid flows to the bottom surface and flows out through the small hole on the bottom surface of the tool head 11 to the surface of the workpiece, thus forming the internal central liquid supply of the tool head 11.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the first embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the bottom surface of tool head 11 is a normal circular bottom surface.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the second embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the bottom surface of the tool head 11 is a semi-cylindrical surface guided by the Archimedean spiral; the center of the bottom surface of the tool head 11 is the starting point of the Archimedean spiral, and the end point of the Archimedean spiral is located at the edge of the bottom surface of the tool head; six longitudinal grooves are opened on the bottom surface of the tool head 11 with the liquid outlet hole 22 located at the center of the bottom surface of the tool head 11 as the intersection point, and the remaining liquid outlet holes 22 are evenly distributed on the six longitudinal grooves.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the third embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the bottom surface of the tool head 11 has multiple grooves arranged in parallel longitudinal directions at equal intervals.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram simulating the bottom surface of the tool head of a textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to the third embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown, each figure represents the fluid velocity field distribution and the fluid pressure field distribution of each tool head.

[0045] From the distribution of the velocity field simulation, the results of the three design schemes are relatively uniform, consistent with the theoretical analysis. The polishing fluid can flow out from the small hole at the bottom of the tool head relatively uniformly. Due to the presence of the bottom structure, the viscosity of the shear-thickening polishing fluid increases during rotation, thus adsorbing onto the tool head to a certain extent. Therefore, the rotation speed of this part is greater than that of other parts, thus showing a distribution consistent with the shape of the bottom surface of the tool head.

[0046] From the perspective of pressure field distribution, the pressure distribution area of ​​a tool head with a conventional circular bottom is not continuous. The area with higher pressure is the wall surface at the small hole on the bottom surface, which may cause polishing fluid to accumulate at the small hole. Although the design of the raised Archimedean spiral in the Archimedean spiral can effectively guide the flow of polishing fluid, its spiral direction is consistent with the spiral direction of the tool head. It cannot effectively utilize the shear thickening properties of the polishing fluid. Under the action of shear force, a small pressure is generated only at the break of the spiral. Similarly, it cannot provide a continuous pressure distribution, which will not achieve the desired processing effect. In contrast, the design of the bottom surface of the polishing tool head with equidistant longitudinally arranged semi-cylindrical surfaces can form a continuous pressure distribution while ensuring uniform flow of polishing fluid. Compared with the previous two design schemes, it can not only ensure the continuous stability of polishing processing, but also form a larger polishing processing area and improve processing efficiency.

[0047] It is obvious that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. In this way, this application also aims to cover such modifications and alterations if they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps not listed in the claims. The simple fact that certain measures are described in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used for profit. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be considered limiting in scope.

Claims

1. A textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform, characterized in that, The system includes a base, a base plate, an operation panel, a stirring module, a crossbeam, a motion mechanism, and a polishing mechanism. The base plate is mounted on the base. The stirring module, polishing mechanism, and crossbeam are mounted on the base plate. The operation panel is mounted on one side of the crossbeam, and the motion mechanism is mounted on the lower surface of the top of the crossbeam. The polishing mechanism connects both the motion mechanism and the stirring module. The bottom of the tool head within the polishing mechanism has multiple small outlet holes, and the tool head is hollow, allowing polishing liquid to flow into the tool head and out through the outlet holes. A flange is fixed to the top of the tool head; the flange connects to the motion mechanism. The tool head has a polishing fluid inlet; an annular inclined baffle is provided below the inlet; one end of the inclined baffle is fixed to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head, and the other end of the inclined baffle has an outlet; four fan blades are provided on the side of the flange, and the fan blades have an inclined angle; the flange is fixed to the inner side of the outer wall of the tool head through the fan blades; there is a gap between two adjacent fan blades for the polishing fluid to flow down; when the tool head rotates, the polishing fluid flows down from the gap and, under its own gravity, collects from a position near the outer wall of the tool head through the annular inclined baffle to the center of rotation of the tool head.

2. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the tool head is a standard circular bottom surface.

3. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the tool head is a semi-cylindrical surface guided by the Archimedean spiral; the center of the bottom surface of the tool head is the starting point of the Archimedean spiral, and the ending point of the Archimedean spiral is located at the edge of the bottom surface of the tool head; six longitudinal grooves are formed on the bottom surface of the tool head with the liquid outlet hole located at the center of the bottom surface of the tool head as the intersection point, and the remaining liquid outlet holes are evenly distributed on the six longitudinal grooves.

4. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the tool head has multiple equally spaced, parallel longitudinal grooves.

5. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism further includes: a clamp, a rolling stop arm, a grinding disc, a rotary table, a polishing liquid tank, and a spray pipe; the rotary table is placed on the grinding disc, and the rotary table is close to the rolling stop arm; the clamp and the polishing liquid tank are fixed on the rotary table; one end of the spray pipe is connected to the stirring module, and the other end extends above the tool head.

6. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rolling stop arm includes a rubber roller and an arc-shaped stop arm; the rubber roller is rotatably disposed at the front end of the arc-shaped stop arm and is close to the rotary worktable.

7. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring module includes a peristaltic pump, a magnetic stirrer, and a spray pipe; the magnetic stirrer is connected to the peristaltic pump through the spray pipe.

8. The textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a baffle, which is disposed on the outside of the polishing mechanism and wraps around the side of the polishing mechanism.

9. A textured hollow shearing thickening polishing processing platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The motion mechanism includes: a drive motor, a Z-axis motion module, and an X-axis motion module; the drive motor is connected to the Z-axis motion module and the X-axis motion module; the Z-axis motion module is connected to the grinding disc and the rotary table.

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