Construction method for cruise ship pipe system pipe breaking

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cruise ship pipeline system design and construction, and discloses a cruise ship pipeline system pipe breaking method and a construction method, which has the following steps: breaking the pipe, coding, drawing a drawing, and preparing a tray table; pipeline prefabrication and processing; making a support, positioning and installing; pipeline installation and setting a closing pipe. According to the special situation of the cruise ship pipeline system, reasonable pipe breaking is arranged, a feasible pipe breaking prefabrication standard is formed, most manufacturers' machining precision and capacity are adapted, and the transportation of the pipe section is facilitated. The tray table makes the pipe section information clear at a glance, facilitates prefabrication, installation construction and management, and improves work efficiency. The closing pipe plays a closing role and compensates for normal construction and measurement errors. The problems of narrow cabin of the cruise ship, difficult welding and installation operation are solved, and the problems of complex installation construction process of the existing cruise ship pipeline system, and the problem that the pipeline installation construction method in the civil ship and building field is not applicable to the cruise ship pipeline system installation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cruise ship piping design and construction technology, specifically a construction method for disconnecting cruise ship piping. Background Technology

[0002] Cruise ships differ significantly from other civilian vessels in their design and manufacturing processes. They are typically high-tech, high-reliability, and high-value-added vessels. The safe and reliable operation of a cruise ship depends entirely on its piping system. Unlike ordinary civilian ships, the total length of the piping system on a cruise ship is approximately 400 km, about 20 times that of a conventional civilian ship. The corresponding number of pipes and supports also far exceeds that of ordinary civilian ships. The extremely high requirements for the ship's piping system place more stringent demands on the installation and construction of the piping system during production and design.

[0003] Currently, relevant national or industry standards lack standardized practices for the installation and construction of piping systems on large cruise ships. Furthermore, piping installation methods used in civilian vessels and construction are not applicable to large cruise ships. The limited space in existing cruise ship cabins often makes it difficult to perform operations such as installing and welding long pipes during actual construction.

[0004] Many land-based construction projects now use prefabricated piping systems, but these typically only include standard ventilation, air conditioning, and water supply / drainage systems. Cruise ship piping systems, however, are far more complex, encompassing power systems such as fuel oil, lubricating oil, cooling water, compressed air, steam, and exhaust systems, as well as shipboard piping systems for bilge water, ballast water, fire-fighting water, daily freshwater supply, and ventilation / air conditioning. Cruise ship piping systems must adapt to unique operating conditions different from those on land, such as hull vibration, ship tilting, rolling, pitching, and the environments of seawater, humid air, and icing. Furthermore, due to the special nature of the ship's structure, it is strictly forbidden to drill holes in critical hull components such as longitudinal girder, transverse beams, ribs, elbow plates, inner bottom plates, decks, and liquid tanks, preventing pipes from passing through. This results in numerous pipe bends, often at unusual angles, making prefabrication more difficult and demanding than standard piping. Therefore, we propose a construction method for cutting pipes in cruise ship piping systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for breaking pipes in a cruise ship's piping system, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a construction method for disconnecting a cruise ship's piping system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Design and Drawing:

[0008] S11. Draw modeling diagrams: Based on the schematic diagram, specifications, and materials selected in the specifications of this project, conduct modeling design, integrate piping, draw modeling diagrams, cut pipes according to the pipeline design model, and code each section of pipe, support, protective ring, valve and accessory.

[0009] S12. Draw the production diagram:

[0010] S121. Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing: Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing based on modeling drawing. The pipe segment fabrication drawing includes information such as components, dimensions, and pipe materials for each coded pipe segment. The pipe segment fabrication drawing corresponds to the pipe segment in the modeling drawing.

[0011] S122. Draw the support fabrication drawing: Draw the support fabrication drawing according to the modeling drawing. The support fabrication drawing includes information such as the size and material of each coded support. The support fabrication drawing corresponds to the support in the modeling drawing.

[0012] S13. Compile and create a pallet schedule:

[0013] S131. Compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list: Based on the pipe segment fabrication drawings, compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list. The list includes information such as components, dimensions, and pipe materials for each coded pipe segment. The pipe segment fabrication pallet list is consistent with the pipe segment fabrication drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0014] S132. Compile a support frame fabrication pallet schedule: Compile a support frame fabrication pallet schedule based on the support frame fabrication drawings. The support frame fabrication pallet schedule includes information such as the dimensions and materials of each coded support frame. The support frame fabrication pallet schedule is consistent with the support frame fabrication drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0015] S14. Draw the installation diagram:

[0016] S141. Draw a pipeline installation diagram: Draw a pipeline installation diagram based on the modeling diagram. The pipeline installation diagram displays information such as a list of pipes, pipe coordinates, a list of supports and protective rings, and a list of valves and accessories. The pipeline installation diagram corresponds to the pipeline system in the modeling diagram.

[0017] S142. Draw the bracket installation diagram: Draw the bracket installation diagram according to the modeling diagram. The bracket installation diagram displays information such as the bracket list and bracket coordinates. The bracket installation diagram corresponds to the brackets of the piping system in the modeling diagram.

[0018] S15. Compile an installation tray list:

[0019] S151. Compile a pipe installation tray list: Based on the pipe installation drawings, compile a pipe installation tray list. The pipe installation tray list should display information such as the dimensions, specifications, and materials of pipes, supports, retaining rings, valves, and accessories. The pipe installation tray list should be consistent with the pipe installation drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0020] S152. Compile a bracket installation tray list: Compile a bracket installation tray list based on the bracket installation drawings. The bracket installation tray list should display the dimensions and materials of the brackets. The bracket installation tray list should be consistent with the bracket installation... Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0021] S2, Prefabricated pipes:

[0022] Based on the pipe section fabrication drawings and pipe section fabrication pallet schedule, prefabrication of pipes is carried out according to the pre-defined pipe cutting methods. The pipe cutting prefabrication standards are compatible with the processing precision and capabilities of most manufacturers. The pipe prefabrication process includes end cutting, grinding, saddle opening, pipe bending, pipe assembly and hole drilling, welding of pipes and accessories together and mechanical cleaning, washing, blowing and cleaning, visual inspection of defects, final cleaning, pressure testing, and surface treatment. The pipes are then processed, including flange welding, sleeve welding and welding of other fittings to ensure the connection between the pipes and other components. After the pipe prefabrication is completed, the pipes are transported.

[0023] S3. Bracket fabrication and installation:

[0024] The supports are fabricated according to the support fabrication drawings and support pallet chart. Fabrication is completed in the processing plant. Cruise ship piping supports are primarily made of perforated angle steel and perforated channel steel, with the angle steel connected by welding. Therefore, the fixing bolts of the pipe clamps must align with the holes in the angle steel for accurate installation. When cutting the supports, the distance to the first complete hole must be determined based on the starting point to ensure the position of the steel opening matches the model. The supports are positioned and installed according to the support installation drawings and support installation pallet chart. Supports located at the reference position and those bearing heavy loads are welded first; the remaining supports are welded after the pipeline is installed.

[0025] S4. Pipe Installation: Install the pipes according to the pipe installation diagram and pipe installation tray list.

[0026] Piping installation needs to be carried out in three different stages: section, main section, and dry dock. When the section assembly is assembled into the main section and the main section dry dock, the pipes at the closure lines of each structure are closed. In addition, the corresponding pipes in the two sections used for connecting the sections and main sections after assembly, as well as the pipes used to connect equipment interfaces and pre-outfitting, need to be installed with closure pipes.

[0027] Steel and stainless steel pipes are installed in sections. Pipes penetrating the cabin extend 100mm beyond the section deck. Pipes penetrating the deck within 300mm before and after the beams cannot be installed in sections. In order to avoid deformation, pipes on all bulkheads cannot be installed in sections.

[0028] High-pressure water mist pipes, copper-nickel pipes, copper pipes, and other steel and stainless steel pipes that cannot be installed in the main section stage, as well as merging pipes between sections and pipes that cannot be installed in the section stage due to affecting prefabrication or obstructing insulation laying.

[0029] During the dock phase, various equipment connections, including closure pipes and hoses, closure pipes between main sections, pipes affected by the pusher compartment, water mist nozzle branch pipes, and catering terminal point pipes are installed.

[0030] Preferably, in S1, based on the schematic diagram of this project, the specification location description, the specification location and the on-site construction conditions, a comprehensive adjustment is made in terms of structure, pipeline elevation, equipment installation location, etc., to avoid errors in pipe breakage due to modeling errors, to reasonably select pipeline assembly, pipe breakage spacing, and weld location, to improve pipeline assembly accuracy and reduce assembly difficulty.

[0031] Preferably, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the pipe break length is rounded to the nearest millimeter, and should end with "0" or "5" as much as possible, such as 1000mm or 1005mm, to compensate for errors caused by the varying lengths of pipe sections manufactured by different companies in the market, as well as factors such as initial processing.

[0032] Preferably, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the additional mold length on both sides of the bend is guaranteed. If the length between consecutive bends cannot meet the requirements, an internal weld must be added. The additional mold length is determined according to the requirements of each manufacturer's pipe bending machine and can match the processing capabilities of most pipe section manufacturers on the market. When bending the two ends of a straight pipe, if the bend length is too long, the pipeline will touch the ground and cannot be bent. At least one of the bends at both ends should be less than 1 meter. When bending, bend the shorter part first and then the longer part.

[0033] Preferably, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the pipe break should avoid continuous bends, excessively long branch pipes, excessively long ends of bends, or the existence of two or more continuous bends. When taking sections with different diameters, the different diameter should be set in the smaller diameter pipe section to meet the coating and inspection requirements of the prefabricated pipe section. This can enable on-site coating of pipe sections with different coating requirements and coating processes, and also facilitates the visual inspection of the bottom of the weld at the connection and the internal coating inspection of the pipeline.

[0034] The requirements and methods for setting up branch pipes need to be adjusted according to different situations. Typically, branch pipes are placed at one end of the main pipe. However, for pipes with concentrated branch pipes, such as manifolds or main leak pipes, the branch pipes can be placed in the middle. The minimum height of the branch pipe must ensure a weld spacing of 50mm. Furthermore, the branch pipe height is preferably determined by the system's... Figure 2The pre-set values ​​are: A is the recommended value, and C is guaranteed; B is the recommended value, and C is not less than 50mm. Specifically, for shaped bends, the bend should be placed at the pipe end or close to the bend to avoid inconvenience for visual inspection of the weld bottom and internal coating inspection of the pipeline due to excessively long bend ends or the presence of two or more consecutive bends. When cutting pipe sections with different diameters, the different diameter should be placed on the smaller diameter section to facilitate visual inspection of the weld bottom and internal coating inspection of the pipeline.

[0035] Preferably, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the length of the straight pipe, the length of the branch pipe, and the length of the bend are limited to be no longer. A large number of pipe segments, long lengths, and complex pipe shapes will increase the difficulty of transportation. This avoids damage such as bending or folding of the pipe segments during transportation and installation, and facilitates the transportation of the pipe segments.

[0036] Excessive branch pipe length can cause transportation difficulties. Therefore, branch pipe sections should avoid being numerous, long, or complex in shape, making manufacturing and transportation difficult. Complex pipe shapes will make pipe manufacturing, welding, painting, inspection, transportation and installation very difficult, greatly affecting the progress of the project.

[0037] Excessive straight pipe lengths at both ends of branch pipes will affect pipeline transportation and installation; therefore, it is preferable to include additional straight pipe sections when installing bends. Figure 3 For pipelines with a diameter ≤ DN32, the length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 should not exceed 3M; the length of the corresponding bend section L2 should not exceed 0.8M. For pipelines with a diameter ≥ DN40, the length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 should not exceed 5.95M, and the length of the corresponding bend section L2 should not exceed 1.2M. When bending, the total pipe length should not exceed 5.95M. For pipes with a diameter ≤ DN32, except for the last pipe in a pipeline, it is preferable to attach... Figure 3 In the table, the last bend is an exception. If the actual length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 is greater than 4M, it needs to be cut into two pieces; if the actual length is less than 4M, it can be cut into one piece. Similarly, if the actual length of the corresponding bend pipe section L2 is greater than 2M, it needs to be cut into two pieces; if the actual length is less than 2M, it can be considered as one piece.

[0038] Preferably, in S1, when setting the pipe segment, the shape and length of the pipe segment can ensure that the pipe segment can be installed smoothly and can be disassembled smoothly, so as to adapt to narrow compartments and compartments that are smaller in any of the length, width and height directions, and facilitate on-site installation.

[0039] Preferably, in S1, when setting up a pipe break, at least two supports should be reasonably set for the pipe segment, and the prefabricated pipe segments should not be set too short, so as to facilitate the segmented transportation and fixed installation of the pipe segments, while avoiding the omission of supports and avoiding the postponement of the installation stage of the pipe segments.

[0040] In S3, pipes, ducts, and cable trays should be installed using profiles, I-beams, or U-beams fixed to the ship's structure (such as decks, bulb flats, beams, main beams, longitudinal and transverse stiffeners, etc.). These installation methods include direct welding of the profiles to the structure, fixing the profiles to the structure using clips, and fixing the profiles to the structure using studs (electric welding or mechanical joints). When brackets are welded to the structure, the welding must not damage the lower end of the strong structural members, and a minimum gap of 15mm must be maintained from the lower edge. Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 It can be seen that angle steel cannot be welded to the flat steel section, while in the attached... Figure 6 This shows the parts of the beam where angle steel cannot be welded.

[0041] In areas not defined as wet zones, below or above open or closed compartments, and within engine and auxiliary engine compartments, welding points on bulb flats are permitted. When the bulb flat height is 80mm, additional welding points may be selected. Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 The bracket setup in the text is as follows, but when the height of the ball flat steel is less than 80mm, only an attachment can be used. Figure 8 The bracket arrangement is as follows. When sound insulation is present, the bulb flats do not overlap; however, when fire-resistant insulation is present, the crossbeams and bulb flats overlap, and the crossbeams extend 450mm higher, ensuring the brackets remain below the insulation layer. These two bracket arrangements are preferred when the deck has fire-resistant insulation. Secondly, when the bulb flat height is 100mm or more, the following arrangement is preferable, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 9 As shown, if sound insulation, heat insulation, or fireproof insulation are both present, the profile should be at least 60mm away from the structure. When supports need to be added under the insulated deck or in areas where a certain distance must be maintained from the deck's free height, the insulation layer thickness and height limit must also be considered. The space occupied during support installation should be minimized to ensure that the pipe supports do not interfere with other structures. When supports need to be installed on the insulated beam, the method shown in the attached figure is generally used. Figure 10 The bracket setup shown is not applicable when there are height restrictions on the path of the prefabricated compartment unit. Figure 10 Type B bracket configuration.

[0042] When using clip-on brackets for fixation, although they have successfully passed vibration tests, they must not be used in high-pressure water mist systems, steam systems, or deck high-pressure flushing systems, and must not be used on plastic pipes. Clip-on brackets are available in metal and plastic; metal clips must not be used on pipes with a temperature ≥40°C or a coefficient of thermal expansion ≥0.05mm / m°C. Pipes with a coefficient of thermal expansion ≥0.05mm / m°C but a medium temperature below 40°C can be fitted with clip-on brackets. The purpose of using clip-on brackets is to avoid subsequent painting, insulation, and repair work caused by welding, and also to reduce hot work in areas with high completion levels on board. See the appendix for examples of clip-on bracket installation. Figure 11 As shown.

[0043] Preferably, in S4, the entire cruise ship hull is a steel structure, constructed using a "sectional construction method." The hull is divided into several sections, which are then assembled into several final sections. Finally, the final sections are assembled in a dock to complete the entire hull. Each section is manufactured separately, and its fittings are installed while the section is placed upside down on a platform. Sections belonging to the same final section are then assembled into final sections. All final sections are then assembled in the dock.

[0044] Preferably, in S4, closure pipes are installed during the installation of different pipe sections. These are divided into prefabricated closure pipes and on-site calibration closure pipes. Prefabricated closure pipes are prefabricated pipes reserved for closure, while on-site calibration closure pipes are pipes that need to be processed and manufactured on-site according to the actual closure requirements. The closure pipes serve a closure function and are used to compensate for normal construction errors and measurement errors.

[0045] The basic principle for installing merging pipes is as follows: Unless otherwise specified, merging pipes should generally be installed in the following situations: merging between segment / main / area pipes, between segment / main / area pipes and unit pipes, and between pipes and equipment interfaces. For merging of pipes at segment / main sections, the end of the pre-installed pipe should not extend beyond the segment joint edge.

[0046] As attached Figure 12 As shown, some pre-installed pipe sections extend beyond the section edge, while the remaining pre-installed pipe sections are flush with the section edge line. This situation can easily cause the pipes to obstruct the section's descent during section closure, preventing effective closure. A proper arrangement is shown in the attached figure. Figure 13 As shown, L1 is 300-500mm, and L2 is 450mm. If the prefabricated penetration component of the Class A bulkhead extends beyond the section edge, the penetration component should be spot-welded, or the pipe should be installed in the next stage. Branch pipes should be avoided as much as possible in the closure pipe, and the number of accessories on the pipe should not exceed two. Improper closure pipe placement can lead to difficulties in on-site calibration; therefore, the number of branch pipes on the closure pipe should be reduced. When branch pipes cannot be avoided, the pipe section should be prefabricated, and the closure pipe should be reinstalled in another reasonable location. When closing bends, the closure pipe should be placed at the bend, and the section length should be reasonable, with the longest closure pipe not exceeding 1500mm, generally 600-1000mm. The basic procedures for connecting the closure pipe with the sleeve are shown in the attached figure. Figure 14 As shown, when the pipe diameter is ≤DN65, the long sleeve should be set to 100 mm and the short sleeve should be set to 50 mm; when the pipe diameter is ≥DN80, the long sleeve should be set to 150 mm and the short sleeve should be set to 75 mm.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a construction method for breaking pipes in a cruise ship's piping system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. A construction method for disconnecting pipes in a cruise ship's piping system, which solves the problems encountered in the existing construction process of installing large cruise ship piping systems by reasonably setting up, prefabricating, and constructing pipes, thereby improving the efficiency of ship piping system installation.

[0049] 2. A construction method for pipe cutting in cruise ship piping systems, which involves reasonable pipe cutting settings, forming feasible prefabrication standards for pipe cutting, adapting to the processing precision and capabilities of most manufacturers, meeting the coating and testing requirements of prefabricated pipe sections, and facilitating pipeline transportation.

[0050] 3. A construction method for pipe breaks in cruise ship piping systems, which uses a tray table to display information such as the dimensions, materials, and codes of pipes, supports, protective rings, valves, and accessories, making the pipe section information clear at a glance, facilitating prefabrication, installation, construction, and management, and improving work efficiency.

[0051] 4. A construction method for disconnecting pipelines in a cruise ship's piping system. The cruise ship adopts a "segmented construction method," in which pipelines are installed in three different stages: segmented, main, and dock. When installing pipelines in different segments, closure pipes are installed. The closure pipes serve to close the pipelines, compensate for normal construction and measurement errors, and improve the assembly efficiency of the pipelines.

[0052] 5. A construction method for pipeline disconnection in cruise ships, which involves reasonable disconnection settings, appropriate selection of pipeline assembly, disconnection spacing, and weld location. The method employs prefabrication of disconnected pipes, transferring a large amount of on-site piping and welding work from traditional construction methods to the factory. Pipe modules, various accessories, and supports are prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the construction site for prefabricated installation of the pipeline system. This improves the assembly accuracy of the pipelines, reduces assembly difficulty, and solves the problems of limited space in cruise ship cabins and the difficulty of welding and installation operations. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe-cutting construction process of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the branch pipe main tube in this invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the setting of the bend length in this invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the welding of angle steel to crossbeams or bulb flat steel according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical flat steel section of the angle steel that cannot be welded according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the beam section where the angle steel of the present invention cannot be welded;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket fixing between the two ball flat steel bars of the present invention—low position 1;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket fixing between the two flat steel balls of the present invention—low position 2;

[0061] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket fixing between the two ball flat steel bars in this invention—high position;

[0062] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket of the present invention mounted on an insulating beam;

[0063] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the pipe mounting clamp bracket of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the pre-assembled tube extending beyond the segment edge in part of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reasonable assembly of the closing tube and the pre-assembled tube of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sleeve and the closing tube of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 15 A recommended value table is provided for the length of the main pipe and the length of the branch pipe in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0068] like Figure 1-15 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction method for disconnecting a cruise ship's piping system, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1. Design and Drawing:

[0070] S11. Draw modeling diagrams: Based on the schematic diagram, specifications, and materials selected in the specifications of this project, conduct modeling design, integrate piping, draw modeling diagrams, cut pipes according to the pipeline design model, and code each section of pipe, support, protective ring, valve and accessory.

[0071] S12. Draw the production diagram:

[0072] S121. Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing: Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing based on modeling drawing. The pipe segment fabrication drawing includes information such as components, dimensions, and pipe materials for each coded pipe segment. The pipe segment fabrication drawing corresponds to the pipe segment in the modeling drawing.

[0073] S122. Draw the support fabrication drawing: Draw the support fabrication drawing according to the modeling drawing. The support fabrication drawing includes information such as the size and material of each coded support. The support fabrication drawing corresponds to the support in the modeling drawing.

[0074] S13. Compile and create a pallet schedule:

[0075] S131. Compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list: Based on the pipe segment fabrication drawings, compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list. The list includes information such as components, dimensions, and pipe materials for each coded pipe segment. The pipe segment fabrication pallet list is consistent with the pipe segment fabrication drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0076] S132. Compile a support frame fabrication pallet schedule: Compile a support frame fabrication pallet schedule based on the support frame fabrication drawings. The support frame fabrication pallet schedule includes information such as the dimensions and materials of each coded support frame. The support frame fabrication pallet schedule is consistent with the support frame fabrication drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0077] S14. Draw the installation diagram:

[0078] S141. Draw a pipeline installation diagram: Draw a pipeline installation diagram based on the modeling diagram. The pipeline installation diagram displays information such as a list of pipes, pipe coordinates, a list of supports and protective rings, and a list of valves and accessories. The pipeline installation diagram corresponds to the pipeline system in the modeling diagram.

[0079] S142. Draw the bracket installation diagram: Draw the bracket installation diagram according to the modeling diagram. The bracket installation diagram displays information such as the bracket list and bracket coordinates. The bracket installation diagram corresponds to the brackets of the piping system in the modeling diagram.

[0080] S15. Compile an installation tray list:

[0081] S151. Compile a pipe installation tray list: Based on the pipe installation drawings, compile a pipe installation tray list. The pipe installation tray list should display information such as the dimensions, specifications, and materials of pipes, supports, retaining rings, valves, and accessories. The pipe installation tray list should be consistent with the pipe installation drawings. Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0082] S152. Compile a bracket installation tray list: Compile a bracket installation tray list based on the bracket installation drawings. The bracket installation tray list should display the dimensions and materials of the brackets. The bracket installation tray list should be consistent with the bracket installation... Figure 1 One-to-one correspondence;

[0083] S2, Prefabricated pipes:

[0084] Based on the pipe section fabrication drawings and pipe section fabrication pallet schedule, prefabrication of pipes is carried out according to the pre-defined pipe cutting methods. The pipe cutting prefabrication standards are compatible with the processing precision and capabilities of most manufacturers. The pipe prefabrication process includes end cutting, grinding, saddle opening, pipe bending, pipe assembly and hole drilling, welding of pipes and accessories together and mechanical cleaning, washing, blowing and cleaning, visual inspection of defects, final cleaning, pressure testing, and surface treatment. The pipes are then processed, including flange welding, sleeve welding and welding of other fittings to ensure the connection between the pipes and other components. After the pipe prefabrication is completed, the pipes are transported.

[0085] S3. Bracket fabrication and installation:

[0086] The supports are fabricated according to the support fabrication drawings and support pallet chart. Fabrication is completed in the processing plant. Cruise ship piping supports are primarily made of perforated angle steel and perforated channel steel, with the angle steel connected by welding. Therefore, the fixing bolts of the pipe clamps must align with the holes in the angle steel for accurate installation. When cutting the supports, the distance to the first complete hole must be determined based on the starting point to ensure the position of the steel opening matches the model. The supports are positioned and installed according to the support installation drawings and support installation pallet chart. Supports located at the reference position and those bearing heavy loads are welded first; the remaining supports are welded after the pipeline is installed.

[0087] S4. Pipe Installation: Install the pipes according to the pipe installation diagram and pipe installation tray list.

[0088] Piping installation needs to be carried out in three different stages: section, main section, and dry dock. When the section assembly is assembled into the main section and the main section dry dock, the pipes at the closure lines of each structure are closed. In addition, the corresponding pipes in the two sections used for connecting the sections and main sections after assembly, as well as the pipes used to connect equipment interfaces and pre-outfitting, need to be installed with closure pipes.

[0089] Steel and stainless steel pipes are installed in sections. Pipes penetrating the cabin extend 100mm beyond the section deck. Pipes penetrating the deck within 300mm before and after the beams cannot be installed in sections. In order to avoid deformation, pipes on all bulkheads cannot be installed in sections.

[0090] High-pressure water mist pipes, copper-nickel pipes, copper pipes, and other steel and stainless steel pipes that cannot be installed in the main section stage, as well as merging pipes between sections and pipes that cannot be installed in the section stage due to affecting prefabrication or obstructing insulation laying.

[0091] During the dock phase, various equipment connection pipes and hoses are installed, as well as connection pipes between main sections, pipes affected by the pusher compartment, water mist nozzle branch pipes, and catering terminal point pipes.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, in S1, based on the schematic diagram of the project, the specification location description, the specification location and the on-site construction conditions, comprehensive adjustments are made in terms of structure, pipeline elevation, equipment installation location, etc., to avoid errors in pipe breakage due to modeling errors, to reasonably select pipeline assembly, pipe breakage spacing, and to set weld positions, thereby improving pipeline assembly accuracy and reducing assembly difficulty.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the length of the pipe break is rounded to the nearest millimeter, and should end with "0" or "5" as much as possible, such as 1000mm or 1005mm, to compensate for errors caused by the varying lengths of pipe sections manufactured by different companies in the market, as well as factors such as initial processing.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present invention, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the length of the additional mold on both sides of the bend is guaranteed. If the length of the additional mold cannot meet the requirements between consecutive bends, an internal weld must be added. The length of the additional mold depends on the requirements of the pipe bending machine of each manufacturer and can match the processing capabilities of most pipe section manufacturers on the market. When bending the two ends of the straight pipe, if the length of the bend is too long, the pipeline will touch the ground and cannot be bent. At least one of the bends at both ends should be less than 1 meter. When bending the pipe, bend the shorter one first and then the longer one.

[0095] In the embodiments of the present invention, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the pipe break should avoid continuous bends, excessively long branch pipes, excessively long ends of bends, or the presence of two or more continuous bends. When taking sections of pipe with different diameters, the different diameter should be set in the smaller diameter pipe section to meet the coating and inspection requirements of the prefabricated pipe section. This can enable on-site coating of pipe sections with different coating requirements and coating processes, and also facilitates the visual inspection of the bottom of the weld at the connection and the internal coating inspection of the pipeline.

[0096] In embodiments of the present invention, the requirements and methods for setting branch pipes need to be changed accordingly to address different situations. Typically, branch pipes are located at one end of the main pipe. For pipes with concentrated branch pipes, such as manifolds or main oil / water leak pipes, the branch pipes can be located in the middle. Furthermore, the minimum height of the branch pipe must ensure a weld spacing of 50mm. Preferably, the branch pipe height is attached to the system... Figure 2 The pre-set values ​​are: A is the recommended value, and C is guaranteed; B is the recommended value, and C is not less than 50mm. Specifically, for shaped bends, the bend should be placed at the pipe end or close to the bend to avoid inconvenience for visual inspection of the weld bottom and internal coating inspection of the pipeline due to excessively long bend ends or the presence of two or more consecutive bends. When cutting pipe sections with different diameters, the different diameter should be placed on the smaller diameter section to facilitate visual inspection of the weld bottom and internal coating inspection of the pipeline.

[0097] In an embodiment of the present invention, in S1, when setting the pipe break, the length of the straight pipe, the length of the branch pipe, and the length of the bend are limited to be no longer. A large number of pipe segments, large lengths, and complex pipe shapes will increase the difficulty of transportation. This avoids damage such as bending or folding of the pipe segments during transportation and installation, and facilitates the transportation of the pipe segments.

[0098] In embodiments of the present invention, excessively long branch pipes can cause transportation difficulties. Therefore, the branch pipe sections should avoid having a large number of branch pipes, long lengths, complex pipe shapes, and difficult manufacturing and transportation. Complex pipe shapes will make the manufacturing, welding, painting, inspection, transportation and installation of pipes very difficult, which will greatly affect the progress of the project.

[0099] In embodiments of the present invention, excessively long straight pipe sections at both ends of the branch pipe will affect pipeline transportation and installation; therefore, it is preferable to attach a bend when installing the branch pipe. Figure 3 For pipelines with a diameter ≤ DN32, the length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 should not exceed 3M; the length of the corresponding bend section L2 should not exceed 0.8M. For pipelines with a diameter ≥ DN40, the length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 should not exceed 5.95M, and the length of the corresponding bend section L2 should not exceed 1.2M. When bending, the total pipe length should not exceed 5.95M. For pipes with a diameter ≤ DN32, except for the last pipe in a pipeline, it is preferable to attach... Figure 3 In the table, the last bend is an exception. If the actual length of the corresponding straight pipe section L1 is greater than 4M, it needs to be cut into two pieces; if the actual length is less than 4M, it can be cut into one piece. Similarly, if the actual length of the corresponding bend pipe section L2 is greater than 2M, it needs to be cut into two pieces; if the actual length is less than 2M, it can be considered as one piece.

[0100] In an embodiment of the present invention, in S1, when the pipe is cut, the shape and length of the pipe segment can ensure that the pipe segment can be installed smoothly and can be disassembled smoothly to adapt to narrow compartments and compartments that are smaller in any of the length, width and height directions, so as to facilitate on-site installation.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present invention, in S1, when setting the pipe break, at least two supports are reasonably set for the pipe segment, and the prefabricated pipe segments should not be set too short, so as to facilitate the segmented transportation and fixed installation of the pipe segments, while avoiding omission of supports and avoiding the delay of the installation stage of the pipe segments.

[0102] In embodiments of the present invention, pipes, ducts, and cable trays in S3 should be installed using profiles, I-beams, or U-beams fixed to the ship's structure (such as decks, bulb flats, beams, main beams, longitudinal and transverse stiffeners, etc.). The installation methods include direct welding of the profiles to the structure, fixing the profiles to the structure using clips, and fixing the profiles to the structure using studs (electric welding or mechanical joints). When the brackets are welded to the structure, the welding must not damage the lower end of the strong components and must maintain a minimum gap of 15mm from the lower edge. Please refer to the attached diagram for further details. Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 It can be seen that angle steel cannot be welded to the flat steel section, while in the attached... Figure 6 This shows the parts of the beam where angle steel cannot be welded.

[0103] In embodiments of the invention, welding points on bulb flats are permitted in areas not defined as wet zones, below or above open or closed compartments, and within engine and auxiliary engine compartments. When the bulb flat height is 80mm, additional welding points may be selected. Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 The bracket setup in the text is as follows, but when the height of the ball flat steel is less than 80mm, only an attachment can be used. Figure 8 The bracket arrangement is as follows. When sound insulation is present, the bulb flats do not overlap; however, when fire-resistant insulation is present, the crossbeams and bulb flats overlap, and the crossbeams extend 450mm higher, ensuring the brackets remain below the insulation layer. These two bracket arrangements are preferred when the deck has fire-resistant insulation. Secondly, when the bulb flat height is 100mm or more, the following arrangement is preferable, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 9 As shown, if sound insulation, heat insulation, or fireproof insulation are both present, the profile should be at least 60mm away from the structure. When supports need to be added under the insulated deck or in areas where a certain distance must be maintained from the deck's free height, the insulation layer thickness and height limit must also be considered. The space occupied during support installation should be minimized to ensure that the pipe supports do not interfere with other structures. When supports need to be installed on the insulated beam, the method shown in the attached figure is generally used. Figure 10 The bracket setup shown is not applicable when there are height restrictions on the path of the prefabricated compartment unit. Figure 10 Type B bracket configuration.

[0104] In embodiments of the present invention, when using clip-on brackets for fixation, although they have successfully passed vibration tests, they must not be used in high-pressure water mist systems, steam systems, and deck high-pressure flushing systems, and must not be used on plastic pipes. Clip-on brackets are available in metal and plastic versions. Metal clips must not be used on pipes with a temperature ≥40°C and a coefficient of thermal expansion ≥0.05mm / m°C. Pipes with a coefficient of thermal expansion ≥0.05mm / m°C but a medium temperature below 40°C can be fitted with clip-on brackets. The purpose of using clip-on brackets is to avoid subsequent painting, insulation, and damage repairs after bracket welding, and also to reduce hot work operations in areas with high completion levels on board. Examples of clip-on bracket installation are shown in the appendix. Figure 11 As shown.

[0105] In an embodiment of the invention, in step S4, the entire hull of the cruise ship is a steel structure, constructed using a "segmented construction method." The entire hull is divided into several segments, which are then assembled into several complete sections. Finally, the complete hull is assembled in a dock to complete the assembly of the complete sections. Each segment is manufactured separately, and the fittings attached to that segment are installed while the segment is placed upside down on a platform. Then, segments belonging to the same complete section are assembled into complete sections. All complete sections are assembled in the dock.

[0106] In an embodiment of the present invention, in S4, closure pipes are installed during the installation of different pipe sections. These are divided into prefabricated closure pipes and on-site calibration closure pipes. The prefabricated closure pipes are prefabricated pipes reserved for closure, while the on-site calibration closure pipes are pipes that need to be processed and manufactured on-site according to the actual closure requirements. The closure pipes serve a closure function and are used to compensate for normal construction errors and measurement errors.

[0107] In embodiments of the present invention, the basic principle for setting up the merging pipe is as follows: unless otherwise specified, merging pipes should generally be set up in the following situations: merging between segment / main segment / regional pipes, between segment / main segment / regional pipes and unit pipes, and between pipes and equipment interfaces. For merging of pipes at segment / main segment locations, the end of the pre-installed pipe should not extend beyond the segment mating edge.

[0108] In embodiments of the present invention, as shown in the appendix Figure 12 As shown, some pre-installed pipe sections extend beyond the section edge, while the remaining pre-installed pipe sections are flush with the section edge line. This situation can easily cause the pipes to obstruct the section's descent during section closure, preventing effective closure. A proper arrangement is shown in the attached figure. Figure 13As shown, L1 is 300-500mm, and L2 is 450mm. If the prefabricated penetration component of the Class A bulkhead extends beyond the section edge, the penetration component should be spot-welded, or the pipe should be installed in the next stage. Branch pipes should be avoided as much as possible in the closure pipe, and the number of accessories on the pipe should not exceed two. Improper closure pipe placement can lead to difficulties in on-site calibration; therefore, the number of branch pipes on the closure pipe should be reduced. When branch pipes cannot be avoided, the pipe section should be prefabricated, and the closure pipe should be reinstalled in another reasonable location. When closing bends, the closure pipe should be placed at the bend, and the section length should be reasonable, with the longest closure pipe not exceeding 1500mm, generally 600-1000mm. The basic procedures for connecting the closure pipe with the sleeve are shown in the attached figure. Figure 14 As shown, when the pipe diameter is ≤DN65, the long sleeve should be set to 100 mm and the short sleeve should be set to 50 mm; when the pipe diameter is ≥DN80, the long sleeve should be set to 150 mm and the short sleeve should be set to 75 mm.

[0109] Reference table for bend length settings:

[0110] ≤32 3M 0.8M ≥40 5.95M 1.2M

[0111] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for disconnecting pipes in a cruise ship's piping system, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Design and Drawing: S11. Draw modeling diagrams: Based on the schematic diagram, specifications, and materials selected in the specifications of this project, conduct modeling design, integrate piping, draw modeling diagrams, cut pipes according to the pipeline design model, and code each section of pipe, support, protective ring, valve and accessory. S12. Draw the production diagram: S121. Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing: Draw pipe segment fabrication drawing based on modeling drawing. The pipe segment fabrication drawing includes the components, dimensions, and pipe material information of each coded pipe segment. The pipe segment fabrication drawing corresponds to the pipe segment in the modeling drawing. S122. Draw the support fabrication drawing: Draw the support fabrication drawing according to the modeling drawing. The support fabrication drawing includes the size and material information of each coded support. The support fabrication drawing corresponds to the support in the modeling drawing. S13. Compile and create a pallet schedule: S131. Compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list: Compile a pipe segment fabrication pallet list based on the pipe segment fabrication drawings. The pipe segment fabrication pallet list contains the components, dimensions, and pipe material information for each coded pipe segment, and the pipe segment fabrication pallet list corresponds one-to-one with the pipe segment fabrication drawings. S132. Compile a support fabrication pallet table: Compile a support fabrication pallet table based on the support fabrication drawings. The support fabrication pallet table contains the size and material information of each coded support and corresponds one-to-one with the support fabrication drawings. S14. Draw the installation diagram: S141. Draw a pipeline installation diagram: Draw a pipeline installation diagram based on the modeling diagram. The pipeline installation diagram displays the pipeline list, pipeline coordinates, support and guard ring list, and valve accessory list. The pipeline installation diagram corresponds to the pipeline system in the modeling diagram. S142. Draw the bracket installation diagram: Draw the bracket installation diagram according to the modeling diagram. The bracket installation diagram displays the bracket list and bracket coordinate information. The bracket installation diagram corresponds to the brackets of the piping system in the modeling diagram. S15. Compile an installation tray list: S151. Compile a pipe installation tray list: Compile a pipe installation tray list based on the pipe installation drawings. The pipe installation tray list displays the dimensions, specifications and material information of pipes, supports and guards, valves and accessories, and the pipe installation tray list corresponds one-to-one with the pipe installation drawings. S152. Compile a bracket installation tray list: Compile a bracket installation tray list based on the bracket installation drawing. The bracket installation tray list shows the dimensions and materials of the brackets, and the bracket installation tray list corresponds one-to-one with the bracket installation drawing. S2, Prefabricated pipes: Based on the pipe section fabrication drawings and pipe section fabrication pallet schedule, prefabricate the pipes according to the pre-defined pipe cutting configuration. The pipe prefabrication process includes end cutting, grinding, saddle opening, pipe bending, pipe assembly and hole drilling, welding the pipes and accessories together and performing mechanical cleaning, washing, blowing and cleaning, visual inspection for defects, final cleaning, pressure testing, and surface treatment. Processing of the pipes includes flange welding, sleeve welding, and welding of other fittings to ensure the connection between the pipes and other components. After prefabrication, the pipes are transported. S3. Bracket fabrication and installation: The support frame is fabricated according to the support frame fabrication drawings and support frame pallet fabrication table. The fabrication of the support frame is completed in the processing plant. The cruise ship piping system support frame is made of perforated angle steel and perforated channel steel, and the angle steel is connected by welding. Therefore, the fixing bolts of the pipe clamps must be aligned with the holes of the angle steel to accurately install the pipe clamps. When cutting the support frame, the distance of the first complete hole should be determined according to the distance of the starting point to ensure that the position of the opening of the steel section is consistent with the model. Position and install the brackets according to the bracket installation diagram and bracket installation tray table. Weld the brackets located at the reference position and the brackets that need to bear heavy loads first, and weld the remaining brackets after the pipeline is installed. S4. Pipe Installation: Install the pipes according to the pipe installation diagram and pipe installation tray list. Piping installation needs to be carried out in three different stages: segment, main section, and dock. When the segment, main section, and dock are assembled, the pipes at the closure lines of each structure are closed. The pipes in the two segments used for connection after the segment and main section are assembled, as well as the pipes used for connecting equipment interfaces and pre-outfitting, need to be installed with closure pipes. Steel and stainless steel pipes are installed in sections. Pipes penetrating the cabin extend 100mm beyond the section deck. Pipes penetrating the deck within 300mm before and after the beams cannot be installed in sections. In order to avoid deformation, pipes on all bulkheads cannot be installed in sections. High-pressure water mist pipes, copper-nickel pipes, copper pipes, and other steel and stainless steel pipes that cannot be installed in the main section stage, as well as merging pipes between sections and pipes that cannot be installed in the section stage due to affecting prefabrication or obstructing insulation laying. During the dock phase, various equipment connection pipes and hoses are installed, as well as connection pipes between main sections, pipes affected by the pusher compartment, water mist nozzle branch pipes, and catering terminal point pipes. In S1, based on the project's schematic diagram, specification details, and on-site construction conditions, comprehensive adjustments are made to the structure, pipeline elevation, and equipment installation locations to avoid errors in pipe breaks due to modeling mistakes. This includes rationally selecting pipe assembly, pipe break spacing, and weld placement to improve assembly accuracy and reduce assembly difficulty. In S1, when setting pipe breaks, the pipe break length is rounded to the nearest millimeter, ending with "0" or "5". In S1, when setting pipe breaks, the additional molding length on both sides of the elbow is ensured; if the required length cannot be met between consecutive elbows, an internal weld must be added. In S1, when setting up pipe breaks, continuous bends, excessively long branch pipes, excessively long ends of bends, or the presence of two or more continuous bends should be avoided. When taking sections with different diameters, the different diameter should be set in the smaller diameter section to meet the painting and inspection requirements of prefabricated pipe sections. This allows for on-site painting of pipe sections with different painting requirements and processes, and also facilitates visual inspection of the bottom of the weld at the connection and inspection of the internal coating of the pipeline. In S1, when setting up pipe breaks, the length of straight pipes, branch pipes, and bends should be limited to avoid excessive length. A large number of pipe sections, large lengths, and complex pipe shapes will increase the difficulty of transportation. This helps to prevent bending or breakage damage to pipe sections during transportation and installation. To facilitate the transportation of pipe sections; in S1, when setting up pipe breaks, the shape and length of the pipe sections should ensure smooth installation and easy disassembly, adapting to narrow cabins and cabins with small dimensions in any direction, facilitating on-site installation; in S1, when setting up pipe breaks, the pipe sections should be reasonably equipped with at least two supports, and the prefabricated pipe sections should not be too short, facilitating the segmented transportation and fixed installation of the pipe sections, while avoiding omissions of supports and preventing the pipe section installation stage from being delayed; in S4, the entire hull of the cruise ship is a steel structure, adopting the "segmented construction method," dividing the entire hull into several segments, and then each segment... The system is assembled into several sections, and finally, the sections are assembled together in the dock to complete the hull mounting. Each section is manufactured separately, and the pipe fittings attached to that section are installed while the section is placed upside down on the platform. Then, the sections belonging to the same section are assembled into a whole section, and each whole section is assembled in the dock. In S4, when installing pipes in different sections, closure pipes are set up, which are divided into prefabricated closure pipes and on-site calibration closure pipes. The prefabricated closure pipes are prefabricated pipes reserved for closure, while the on-site calibration closure pipes are pipes that need to be processed and manufactured on-site according to the actual closure. The closure pipes play a closing role and are used to compensate for normal construction errors and measurement errors.

Images