A device and method for real-time monitoring of the state of a blowout preventer

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for real-time monitoring of the state of a blowout preventer. The device comprises an electronic sensing unit and a data receiving and processing unit. The electronic sensing unit comprises a distance sensor, an inclination sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power supply and an antenna. The method uses the distance sensor and the inclination sensor to monitor the working process state of the hydraulic ram blowout preventer in real time. The steps include checking the distance data change, which includes no change, increase and decrease. The working process state of the blowout preventer under different change conditions is checked. For example, if the distance data is unchanged, it is checked whether the distance data reaches the maximum preset value. If yes, the blowout preventer is in the closed and unlocked state. If not, the blowout preventer is in the initial position abnormal state. The method determines the four states of the hydraulic ram blowout preventer through the measurement data of the distance and inclination sensors, and has high monitoring efficiency. The device has high integration, small space occupation and good versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety control and equipment automation technology in the petroleum industry, specifically to a device and method for real-time monitoring of the status of blowout preventers. Background Technology

[0002] In the oil industry, the gate blowout preventer (BOP) is a critical well control component and one of the most important pieces of equipment for protecting personnel and equipment safety. It is mainly used during drilling, well workover, and well testing to quickly seal the wellhead when oil, water, or gas pressure rises or leaks occur, thus preventing uncontrolled ejection of oil, water, or gas. A hydraulic gate blowout preventer typically consists of two symmetrically distributed gates. Its operation can be divided into four main states: the gate blowout preventer is closed when the hydraulic pressure pushes the two gates closer together and they reach the closed limit position; conversely, it is open when they move away from each other. When the gate blowout preventer needs to remain closed for an extended period, to improve reliability, a manual locking lever is typically used to lock the gates; this process is called manual locking. After manual locking, if the gates need to be opened, the locking must be manually released; this is called manual unlocking. In other words, the four main states of a hydraulic gate blowout preventer are: closed, open, locked (tightened), and unlocked. In existing technologies, monitoring the various states of a hydraulic gate blowout preventer (BOP) and the transitions between these states requires manual inspection of the BOP's on / off indicator rod, or recording the number of rotations of the manual locking lever during manual locking or unlocking to determine the gate's on / off status using manual, mechanical, or electronic methods. However, this approach is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and unsuitable for the demands of modern information-based operations. Therefore, providing a device and method for real-time monitoring of the BOP's status is of great significance in order to adopt more efficient and intelligent technologies to meet the requirements of modern operations.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN201410185376.4, entitled "A Well Control Blowout Preventer Locking Shaft Travel Position Measurement System," discloses a well control blowout preventer (BOP) locking shaft travel position measurement system. The system includes a main unit at the driller's monitoring center and slave units corresponding to different positions of the BOP. It also includes a main unit ZigBee wireless sensor data transmission module, comprising a main unit transmitting module and a main unit receiving module. The main unit transmitting module sends shut-in signals, and the main unit receiving module receives the locking shaft travel position information. The slave units include a main controller, a slave unit ZigBee wireless sensor data transmission module, and a locking shaft travel position detection module, which monitor the locking shaft travel position in real time and return the data to the driller's monitoring center. This system can automatically monitor the position of the well control blowout preventer locking shaft travel and send the collected data to the computer display interface of the driller's control console in real time, thereby making well site well control management more intelligent and user-friendly. The system monitors the travel position of the locking shaft, but it differs from the device in this application and does not have the function of monitoring the working status of the blowout preventer as described in this application.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN202011301092.9, entitled "An Automatic Locking Control Method for a Locking Rod," discloses an automatic locking control method for a locking rod. This method uses sensors to detect the position of the locking rod in the locking mechanism in real time, processes the data, and displays it on the control panel. The control panel monitors the status of the locking rod based on the sensor's detected position value and automatically determines whether to lock or unlock. Then, it controls a hydraulic device to drive the hydraulic motor of the locking mechanism to rotate forward / reverse. The hydraulic motor drives the locking rod to rotate through a transmission mechanism. The locking rod moves back and forth through a threaded engagement with the mechanism housing, thus achieving locking and unlocking. This patent achieves position monitoring and automatic control of the locking rod, which helps operators understand the working status of the locking rod, promptly resolve problems during operation, and ensure safety during equipment operation and subsequent operations. However, this method differs from the method in this application and does not possess the function of monitoring the working status of the blowout preventer (BOP) as described in this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one of the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art. For example, one objective of this invention is to provide a device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status that is structurally sound, highly intelligent, and fully automated. Another objective of this invention is to provide a reasonable, simple, time-saving, and labor-saving method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer (BOP). This method employs a device for real-time monitoring of the BOP's status, specifically a hydraulic gate BOP, to monitor its operational status during operation. The device includes a distance sensor and a tilt sensor. The distance sensor measures the distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate BOP, while the tilt sensor monitors the rotational movement of the manual locking lever. The method includes the following steps: checking the changes in the distance data measured by the distance sensor, including changes such as no change, increase, and decrease; if the distance data remains unchanged, checking whether the distance data reaches a maximum preset value; if it does, the BOP is in a closed but unlocked state; if it does not, it is in an abnormal initial position state; the maximum preset value is... The maximum distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod; if the distance data increases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it does not change, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the closing state; if the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the unlocking state; if the distance data decreases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it does not change, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the opening state; if the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the locking state.

[0007] According to an exemplary embodiment of one aspect of the present invention, the method may further include: if the distance data increases and the signal of the tilt sensor does not change, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to increase, then further check whether the distance data has reached a maximum preset value; if it has, the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state; if it has not, the blowout preventer is in an unlocked but not fully closed state; if the distance data increases and the signal of the tilt sensor changes, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to increase, then further check whether the distance data has reached a maximum preset value; if it has, the blowout preventer is in an unlocked but not fully unlocked state; if the distance data decreases and the signal of the tilt sensor does not change, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to decrease, then further check whether the distance data has reached a minimum preset value and then the monitoring is interrupted; if so, the blowout preventer is in an open state; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in an unlocked but not fully unlocked state; if the distance data decreases and the signal of the tilt sensor changes, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to decrease, then further check whether the distance data has reached a minimum preset value and then the monitoring is interrupted; if so, the blowout preventer is in a locked state; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in a locked but not fully locked state.

[0008] According to an exemplary embodiment of one aspect of the present invention, the minimum preset value may be 2 millimeters.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides a device for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer. The device may include a data receiving and processing unit and an electronic sensing unit disposed within the cavity of the manual locking lever of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer. The electronic sensing unit includes a distance sensor, a tilt sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power supply, and an antenna. The distance sensor is disposed within the cavity and near the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, measuring the distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod. The tilt sensor monitors the rotational movement of the manual locking lever. The data acquisition and transmission module acquires the measurement data from the distance sensor and the tilt sensor and transmits it to the data receiving and processing unit via a wireless network. The data receiving and processing unit receives, compares, and performs logical judgments on the measurement data, monitoring the various states of the blowout preventer and the transitions between states. The power supply is disposed at the end of the cavity and is configured to provide power to the device. One end of the antenna is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module, and the other end extends out of the cavity; the antenna is configured to transmit measurement data.

[0010] According to an exemplary embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, the states of the blowout preventer may include: initial state, initial position abnormal state, closing process state, closed in position but not locked state, not closed in position state, unlocking process state, unlocked in position state, unlocked but not in position state, opening process state, opened in position state, not opened in position state, locking process state, locked in position state, and locked but not in position state.

[0011] According to an exemplary embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, the logical judgment of the data receiving and processing unit may include: self-checking whether distance data measured by the distance sensor is received; if not received, the blowout preventer is in an initial state, which includes a fully open state or a locked-in state; if distance data is received, checking the change in the distance data, which includes no change, increase, and decrease; if the distance data remains unchanged, checking whether the distance data has reached a maximum preset value; if reached, the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state; if not reached, it is in an abnormal initial position state and an alarm is issued; if the distance data increases, checking whether the signal of the tilt sensor changes; if not changed, continuously monitoring whether the distance data continues to increase; if the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in a closing process state; if the distance data does not continue to increase, further checking whether the distance data has reached a maximum preset value; if reached, the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state; if not reached, the blowout preventer is in an open but unlocked state and an alarm is issued; if the checked tilt sensor signal changes, continuously monitoring the distance data... If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer (BOP) is in the unlocking process. If the distance data does not continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the BOP is in the unlocked state; if it has not, the BOP is in the unlocked but not fully unlocked state, and an alarm is triggered. If the distance data decreases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it has not changed, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the BOP is in the opening process. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check if the distance data has reached the minimum preset value and then stopped. If it has, the BOP is in the fully open state; otherwise, the BOP is in the not fully open state, and an alarm is triggered. If the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the BOP is in the locking process. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check if the distance data has reached the minimum preset value and then stopped. If it has, the BOP is in the locked state; otherwise, the BOP is in the locked but not fully locked state, and an alarm is triggered.

[0012] According to an exemplary embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, the maximum preset value may be the maximum distance between the manual locking rod and the hydraulic piston rod; the minimum preset value may be 2 mm.

[0013] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic sensing unit may further include a proximity switch, which may be arranged in parallel with the distance sensor. The proximity switch is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module. Based on whether the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod is within the sensing range of the proximity switch, the power supply of the data acquisition and transmission module is controlled to control whether the device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status is working properly. The sensing range of the proximity switch may be less than the minimum preset value.

[0014] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the sensing range of the proximity switch may be 1.0 to 1.5 mm.

[0015] According to an exemplary embodiment of another aspect of the present invention, in the inner cavity, from the side near the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer to the direction away from the hydraulic piston rod, a distance sensor, a tilt sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power supply, and a data receiving and processing unit may be sequentially arranged.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0017] (1) The method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status proposed in this invention can determine the main status of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer by measuring the data from the distance sensor and the tilt sensor.

[0018] (2) The method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status proposed in this invention has high monitoring efficiency.

[0019] (3) The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status proposed in this invention has a reasonable and simple structure and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure is shown when one side of the blowout preventer gate is closed and manually unlocked;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the blowout preventer with one side gate fully open is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure is shown when one side of the blowout preventer gate is closed and manually locked.

[0026] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the logical judgment of the data receiving and processing unit of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1-Distance sensor, 2-Tilt sensor, 3-Data acquisition and transmission module, 4-Power supply, 5-Antenna, 6-Data receiving and processing unit, 7-Proximity switch, 8-Hydraulic piston rod, 9-Manual locking rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the following, an apparatus and method for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Exemplary Example 1

[0033] This exemplary embodiment provides a method for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer.

[0034] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for real-time monitoring of a blowout preventer status according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown below. Figure 1 This exemplary embodiment describes a method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status.

[0035] Hydraulic gate blowout preventers typically consist of two gates symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. The operation of a hydraulic gate blowout preventer can be divided into four states: closed, open, locked, and unlocked. Real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status can be achieved using a device that monitors the hydraulic gate blowout preventer's operational state. This invention not only monitors the four operational states of the blowout preventer but also more specific operational states, such as abnormal initial position, closed but not locked, not fully closed, fully unlocked, not fully unlocked, fully open, not fully open, fully locked, and not fully locked. The device used for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status includes a distance sensor and a tilt sensor. The distance sensor measures the distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, and the tilt sensor monitors the rotational movement of the manual locking lever. The method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status uses monitoring sensors to collect data to determine whether the various states of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer and the transition process between states are normal, and provides prompts and alarms for each state during monitoring.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status may include the following process steps:

[0037] Check the changes in the distance data measured by the distance sensor, including changes such as no change, increase, and decrease.

[0038] When the distance data remains constant, check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data has reached the maximum preset value, it indicates that the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod has reached its maximum value, meaning the blowout preventer gate is closed but not manually locked, i.e., the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state, and a warning is issued. If the distance data has not reached the maximum preset value, it indicates that the blowout preventer gate or manual locking rod is not fully open or closed, i.e., the blowout preventer is in an abnormal initial position, and an alarm is issued.

[0039] When the distance data increases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If the signal does not change, it indicates that the manual locking lever is not moving, and the hydraulic piston rod is displaced away from the manual locking lever. Continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the closing process, and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data has reached the maximum preset value, it indicates that the blowout preventer gate is closed but not manually locked, i.e., the blowout preventer is in the closed but unlocked state, and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not reach the maximum preset value, it indicates that the blowout preventer gate is not closed completely, i.e., the blowout preventer is in the unclosed state, and an alarm is given. If the tilt sensor signal changes, it indicates that the manual locking lever is moving away from the hydraulic piston rod. Continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the unlocking process, and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data has reached the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked state, and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not reach the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in an unlocked state and an alarm is triggered.

[0040] When the distance data decreases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If the signal does not change, it indicates that the manual locking lever is not moving, and the hydraulic piston rod is moving towards the manual locking lever. Continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the BOP is in the opening process and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check if the distance data is interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value. If the distance data is interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value, the BOP is in the fully open state and a prompt is given. If the distance data is not interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value, the BOP is in the not fully open state and an alarm is given. If the tilt sensor signal changes, it indicates that the manual locking lever is moving towards the hydraulic piston rod. Continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the BOP is in the locking process and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check if the distance data is interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value. If the distance data is interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value, the BOP is in the locked state and a prompt is given. If the distance data is interrupted before reaching the minimum preset value, the blowout preventer is in a locked-out state and an alarm is triggered.

[0041] In this exemplary embodiment, the tilt sensor signal consists of high and low levels. When the manual locking lever is rotated in or out, the signal continuously switches between high and low levels. When the lever is fully rotated, the signal stabilizes at either a high or low level and no longer changes. By checking whether the tilt sensor signal changes, it can be determined whether the manual locking lever has rotated.

[0042] In this exemplary embodiment, the maximum preset value may include the maximum distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod. That is... Figure 1 The maximum preset values ​​appearing in the table have the same meaning, and the minimum preset values ​​have the same meaning. The maximum preset value varies depending on the blowout preventer model, and is defined when the blowout preventer gate is fully closed and not manually locked (i.e., ...). Figure 3 (As shown in the image) At this time, the data receiving and processing unit uses the distance data signal received from the distance sensor as the maximum preset value for setting. After setting, this device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status can only be used for monitoring the status of this model of blowout preventer. If the monitored blowout preventer needs to be changed, the setting must be repeated according to the above steps. The minimum preset value can be uniformly set to 2 mm regardless of the blowout preventer model.

[0043] Exemplary Example 2

[0044] This exemplary embodiment provides an apparatus for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure is shown when one side of the blowout preventer gate is closed and manually unlocked; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the blowout preventer with one side gate fully open is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure is shown when one side of the blowout preventer gate is closed and manually locked.

[0046] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the logical judgment of the data receiving and processing unit of the present invention is shown below. Figures 2 to 6 This exemplary embodiment describes a device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status.

[0047] Hydraulic gate blowout preventers typically consist of two gates symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides, forming a blowout preventer set. Figure 3 The diagram shows a single-sided gate of a hydraulic gate blowout preventer, along with a hydraulic piston rod 8 and a manual locking lever 9. The blowout preventer gate is a standard hydraulic cylinder; when the piston inside the cylinder moves, the hydraulic piston rod 8 moves accordingly. Figure 3 The rightmost cylindrical cavity completely encloses the hydraulic piston rod 8 and the manual locking rod 9, and is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body. The centerlines of the manual locking rod 9, the hydraulic piston rod 8, and the cylindrical cavity are collinear. For example, when the blowout preventer is closed and manually unlocked (i.e.... Figure 3(As shown in the diagram), the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod are at their maximum distance. At this time, the manual locking rod is rotated using a special tool. The manual locking rod will gradually approach the hydraulic piston rod through the thread until it finally pushes against the hydraulic piston rod, completing the locking operation.

[0048] The device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status can realize the method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status described in Exemplary Example 1 above. The device of the present invention can sense the motion status data of the manual locking lever and the distance data between it and the hydraulic piston rod of the blowout preventer gate. By monitoring the above data, it can determine whether the various states of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer and the transition process between the various states are normal, and provide prompts and alarms for the monitored various states of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer.

[0049] The device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status may include a data receiving and processing unit and electronic sensing units integrated into the manual locking levers on the left and right sides of the blowout preventer, respectively.

[0050] The data receiving and processing unit can be located near a remote operator, receiving data via a wireless network. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the electronic sensing unit may include a distance sensor 1, a tilt sensor 2, a data acquisition and transmission module 3, a power supply 4, and an antenna 5. Here, the distance sensor, tilt sensor, data acquisition and transmission module, and power supply are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the manual locking lever, from the side closest to the hydraulic piston rod to the side furthest from the hydraulic piston rod. Specifically, the distance sensor 1 is located in the inner cavity of the manual locking lever, near the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, and is used to measure the distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod. The tilt sensor 2 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the manual locking lever and is used to monitor whether the manual locking lever has rotated. The data acquisition and transmission module 3 is located in the rear part of the inner cavity of the manual locking lever and is used to collect the measurement data from the distance sensor and tilt sensor, and send the data to the data receiving and processing unit 6 via a wireless network. The data receiving and processing unit 6 receives, compares, and performs logical judgments on the measurement data, and monitors the various states of the blowout preventer and the transitions between states. The power supply 4 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity and is configured to provide power to the entire device. Antenna 5, as a signal enhancement element, is configured to send the sensor's measurement data to the data receiving and processing unit. One end of it is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module, and the other end extends through the outer wall of the manual locking rod into the inner cavity.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, the electronic sensing unit may further include a proximity switch 7, which may be arranged parallel to the distance sensor 1, with the sensing surfaces of the proximity switch 7 and the distance sensor 1 on the same horizontal plane. The proximity switch is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module. Based on whether the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod is within the sensing range of the proximity switch, the module is powered on and off, thereby controlling whether the device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status is functioning normally. Specifically, the proximity switch can be used as a switch. If the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod is within the sensing range of the proximity switch, the data acquisition and transmission module is de-energized, and the device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status stops working to reduce energy consumption. When the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod exceeds the sensing range of the proximity switch, the data acquisition and transmission module is powered on, and the device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status functions normally. Here, the proximity switch may include a normally closed proximity switch.

[0052] In this exemplary embodiment, the sensing range of the proximity switch may be 1.0 to 1.5 mm, for example, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm or 1.5 mm.

[0053] In this exemplary embodiment, the states of the blowout preventer monitored by the data receiving and processing unit may include: initial state, initial position abnormal state, closing process state, closed but not locked state, not closed in place state, unlocking process state, unlocked in place state, unlocked but not in place state, opening process state, opened in place state, not opened in place state, locking process state, locked in place state, and locked but not in place state. It should be noted that... Figure 6 The "closed but unlocked" and "closed but unlocked" states refer to the same thing.

[0054] In this exemplary embodiment, the logical judgment of the data receiving and processing unit may include the process steps of the method for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status described in Exemplary Embodiment 1 above, as well as the power-on self-test to determine whether distance data measured by the distance sensor has been received. Specifically, as Figure 6 As shown, the logical judgment process steps of the data receiving and processing unit may include:

[0055] The self-test checks whether it has received distance data measured by the distance sensor. If no distance data is received, the blowout preventer is in its initial state, which includes either fully open or locked in place. If distance data is received, it checks for changes in the distance data, including no change, increase, and decrease.

[0056] When the distance data remains unchanged, check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data has reached the maximum preset value, it means that the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod has reached its maximum value, that is, the blowout preventer gate is closed but not manually locked, meaning the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state, and a prompt will be issued. If the distance data has not reached the maximum preset value, it means that the blowout preventer gate or the manual locking rod is not fully open or closed, that is, the blowout preventer is in an abnormal initial position state, and an alarm will be issued.

[0057] When the distance data increases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If the signal does not change, it indicates that the manual locking lever is not moving, and the hydraulic piston rod is displaced away from the manual locking lever. Continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the closing process, and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data has reached the maximum preset value, it indicates that the blowout preventer gate is closed but has not yet been manually locked, i.e., the blowout preventer is in the closed but unlocked state, and a prompt is given. Figure 3 The blowout preventer's single-sided gate is in the closed and manually unlocked state. If the distance data does not reach the maximum preset value, it indicates that the blowout preventer gate is not fully closed, i.e., the blowout preventer is in the incompletely closed state, and an alarm is triggered. If the signal of the tilt sensor changes, it indicates that the manual locking lever is moving away from the hydraulic piston rod. Continuously monitor whether the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the unlocking process state, and a prompt is given; if the distance data does not continue to increase, further check whether the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If the distance data reaches the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the manually unlocked state, and a prompt is given. At this time, the corresponding... Figure 3 The blowout preventer's single-sided gate is closed and manually unlocked. If the distance data does not reach the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked state and an alarm is triggered.

[0058] When the distance data shows a decrease, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If the signal does not change, it indicates that the manual locking lever is not moving, and the hydraulic piston rod is moving towards the manual locking lever. Continue monitoring whether the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the opening process and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check whether the distance data stops after reaching the minimum preset value. If the distance data stops after reaching the minimum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the fully open state and a prompt is given. Figure 4The blowout preventer's single-sided gate is fully open. If the distance data is interrupted before reaching the minimum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the partially open state and an alarm is triggered. If the signal from the tilt sensor changes, it indicates that the manual locking lever is moving closer to the hydraulic piston rod. Continuously monitor whether the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the locking process state and a prompt is given. If the distance data does not continue to decrease, further check whether the distance data is interrupted before reaching the minimum preset value. If the distance data is interrupted after reaching the minimum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the locked state and a prompt is given. Figure 5 The blowout preventer's single-sided gate is closed and manually locked. If the distance data is interrupted before reaching the minimum preset value, the blowout preventer is in a partially locked state and an alarm is triggered. It should be noted that the blowout preventer has four operating states, but in actual structural relationships, the hydraulic piston rod and manual locking rod only have three relative positions, corresponding to... Figures 3-5 .

[0059] In summary, the advantages proposed by this invention include at least one of the following:

[0060] (1) The method of real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status proposed in this invention is used to monitor the working status of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer. It has high reliability and can effectively reduce labor costs.

[0061] (2) The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status proposed in this invention has a simple structure, high integration, and small space occupation.

[0062] (3) The electronic sensing unit of the device for real-time monitoring of the status of the blowout preventer proposed in this invention is embedded in the manual locking rod of the blowout preventer without changing the original structure of the blowout preventer, and has good versatility.

[0063] (4) The device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status proposed in this invention only requires manual confirmation that the blowout preventer gate is in the open or manually locked state when the initial state appears after self-test. All other processes are fully automatic and autonomous, with a high degree of intelligence, saving time and effort.

[0064] Although an apparatus and method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status, characterized in that, The method employs a device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer's status to monitor the working process of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer. The device includes a distance sensor and a tilt sensor. The distance sensor measures the distance between the manual locking lever and the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, and the tilt sensor monitors the rotational movement of the manual locking lever. The method includes the following steps: Check the changes in distance data measured by the distance sensor, including changes such as no change, increase, and decrease; If the distance data remains unchanged, check whether the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state. If it has not, it is in an abnormal initial position state. The maximum preset value is the maximum distance between the manual locking rod and the hydraulic piston rod. If the distance data increases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it does not change, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the closing process. If the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the unlocking process. If the distance data decreases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it does not change, continue monitoring to see if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the open state. If the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring to see if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the locked state.

2. The method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the distance data increases but the tilt sensor signal does not change, and the distance data under continuous monitoring does not continue to increase, then further check whether the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in the closed but not locked state; if it has not, the blowout preventer is in the not closed state. If the distance data increases and the tilt sensor signal changes, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to increase, then further check whether the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked state; if it has not, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked state. If the distance data decreases and the tilt sensor signal does not change, and the distance data under continuous monitoring does not continue to decrease, then further check whether the distance data has reached the minimum preset value and then stopped. If so, the blowout preventer is in the fully open state; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in the partially closed state. If the distance data decreases and the tilt sensor signal changes, and the continuously monitored distance data does not continue to decrease, then further check whether the distance data has reached the minimum preset value and then the process is interrupted. If so, the blowout preventer is in the locked position; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked position.

3. The method for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 2, characterized in that, The minimum preset value is 2 millimeters.

4. A device for real-time monitoring of the status of a blowout preventer, characterized in that, The device includes a data receiving and processing unit and an electronic sensing unit disposed in the inner cavity of the manual locking rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer, wherein, The electronic sensing unit includes a distance sensor, a tilt sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power supply, and an antenna; The distance sensor is installed in the inner cavity and close to the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer to measure the distance between the manual locking rod and the hydraulic piston rod; The tilt sensor monitors the rotational movement of the manual locking lever; The data acquisition and transmission module acquires measurement data from the distance sensor and tilt sensor and transmits it to the data receiving and processing unit via a wireless network; The data receiving and processing unit receives, compares, and makes logical judgments on the measurement data, and monitors the various states of the blowout preventer and the transitions between states. The power supply is located at the end of the inner cavity and is configured to provide electrical energy to the device. One end of the antenna is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module, and the other end extends out of the inner cavity. The antenna is configured to transmit measurement data.

5. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 4, characterized in that, The states of the blowout preventer include: initial state, initial position abnormal state, closing process state, closed but not locked state, not closed in place state, unlocking process state, unlocked in place state, unlocked but not in place state, opening process state, opened in place state, not opened in place state, locking process state, locked in place state, and locked but not in place state.

6. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 5, characterized in that, The logical judgments of the data receiving and processing unit include: The self-test checks whether it receives distance data measured by the distance sensor. If it does not receive it, the blowout preventer is in its initial state, which includes either fully open or locked in place. If it receives distance data, it checks the changes in the distance data, which include no change, increase, and decrease. If the distance data remains unchanged, check whether the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in a closed but unlocked state. If it has not, it is in an abnormal state at the initial position and an alarm is triggered. If the distance data increases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it doesn't change, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the closing process. If the distance data doesn't continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in the closed but not locked state. If it hasn't reached the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the not-closed state and an alarm is triggered. If the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to increase. If the distance data continues to increase, the blowout preventer is in the unlocking process. If the distance data doesn't continue to increase, further check if the distance data has reached the maximum preset value. If it has, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked state. If it hasn't reached the maximum preset value, the blowout preventer is in the unlocked but not fully unlocked state and an alarm is triggered. If the distance data decreases, check if the tilt sensor signal changes. If it doesn't change, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the opening process. If the distance data doesn't continue to decrease, further check if the distance data reaches the minimum preset value and then stops. If it does, the blowout preventer is in the fully open state; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in the partially open state and an alarm is triggered. If the tilt sensor signal changes, continue monitoring if the distance data continues to decrease. If the distance data continues to decrease, the blowout preventer is in the locking process. If the distance data doesn't continue to decrease, further check if the distance data reaches the minimum preset value and then stops. If it does, the blowout preventer is in the fully locked state; otherwise, the blowout preventer is in the partially locked state and an alarm is triggered.

7. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 6, characterized in that, The maximum preset value is the maximum distance between the manual locking rod and the hydraulic piston rod; the minimum preset value is 2 mm.

8. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic sensing unit also includes a proximity switch, which is arranged in parallel with the distance sensor. The proximity switch is connected to the data acquisition and transmission module. Based on whether the distance between the hydraulic piston rod and the manual locking rod is within the sensing range of the proximity switch, the power supply to the data acquisition and transmission module is controlled to control whether the device for real-time monitoring of the blowout preventer status is working properly. The sensing range of the proximity switch is less than the minimum preset value.

9. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 8, characterized in that, The proximity switch has a sensing range of 1.0 to 1.5 mm.

10. The device for real-time monitoring of blowout preventer status according to claim 4, characterized in that, Within the inner cavity, from the side closest to the hydraulic piston rod of the hydraulic gate blowout preventer to the side furthest from the hydraulic piston rod, a distance sensor, a tilt sensor, a data acquisition and transmission module, a power supply, and a data receiving and processing unit are sequentially arranged.

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