Construction method of transverse stepable rolling TBM stepping device

Abstract

The application provides a construction method of a transverse step-able rolling TBM stepping device, and applies the stepping device, which comprises a main machine rack, a hydraulic lifting structure connected to two ends of the main machine rack, a shield support and a saddle frame supporting two ends of the main machine rack, the shield support and the saddle frame are respectively slidably connected to rolling structures on top of two stepping trolleys and are transmissionally connected through a hydraulic driving element, and the main machine rack is transversely slidably connected to the saddle frame. The application has the effects of improving construction efficiency, reducing construction cost and shortening construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of design and construction technology of full-face rock tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a construction method for a rolling TBM stepping device that can move laterally. Background Technology

[0002] After a full-face rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) is assembled, it needs to advance to the tunnel face before it can begin excavation. Current technology often employs a sliding stepping device, which includes a base plate, a sliding plate, and a propulsion cylinder. Under the action of the propulsion cylinder, the sliding plate slides on the base plate, thus driving the TBM forward. However, the sliding stepping mechanism requires excessive power, resulting in high power requirements and large actuators, which in turn leads to inconvenient transportation and installation, and high costs.

[0003] For large-diameter TBMs or steeply graded tunnels, the sliding stepping device is inefficient and difficult to operate due to the excessive power required for sliding stepping.

[0004] In addition, for the construction method of burying the machine after the tunnel is completed, the existing technology often adopts the oblique burial method.

[0005] The inclined burial method requires the TBM to turn in advance when it is excavating the TBM tunnel 21 and is close to the tunnel breakthrough face 24, and start excavating the adit for burying the machine. After the TBM main unit 25 has completely entered the adit, the end of the adit is lined and sealed to complete the burial of the machine.

[0006] Due to the large turning radius of the TBM, a long wedge-shaped rock plug will be left between the branch tunnel entrance and the breakthrough surface 22, which needs to be broken through by drill-and-blast excavation 23 (e.g. Figure 9 (As shown). This method of burying the machine requires additional investment in drilling and blasting construction, and is costly and time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a construction method for a horizontally advancing rolling TBM stepping device, which solves the problems of low construction efficiency, high construction cost, and long construction period in existing technologies.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a construction method for a laterally stepping rolling TBM stepping device is provided. The stepping device includes: a main frame, a hydraulic lifting structure connected to both ends of the main frame, and a shield support and a saddle supporting both ends of the main frame. The shield support and the saddle are slidably connected to the rolling structure on the top of two stepping trolleys and are connected by hydraulic drive components. The main frame is laterally slidably connected to the saddle. The stepping steps of the stepper device are as follows: Step 1: Extend the hydraulic lifting structures at both ends of the main frame so that the bottom of the hydraulic lifting structures contacts the ground and lifts the main frame, so that the main frame drives the shield support and saddle frame to rise synchronously to leave the ground. Step 2: Confirm the sliding direction of the main frame, and connect the stepping trolley to the shield support and the stepping trolley to the saddle frame in the corresponding direction using hydraulic drive components; Step 3: Synchronously control the hydraulic drive to push / pull the two stepping carriages to move linearly in the horizontal direction, and stop the hydraulic drive after the stepping carriages have moved to the set position; Step 4: Control the retraction of the hydraulic lifting structure. During the retraction of the hydraulic lifting structure, the main frame, shield support and saddle frame will move downward until the shield support and saddle frame land on the corresponding stepping trolley and are supported by the rolling structure on the top of the stepping trolley. Step 5: Synchronously control the two hydraulic drive components to drive in the opposite way to Step 3. The hydraulic drive components pull / push the shield support and saddle to slide on the stepping trolley. During the sliding process, the resistance is reduced by the rolling structure on the top of the stepping trolley. This completes one step of the main frame formation. Step 6: Repeat steps 1 to 5 above to move the host rack to the required position.

[0009] Preferably, the main frame includes a main beam and a shield body connected to the end of the main beam. The hydraulic lifting structure is connected to both ends of the bottom of the main beam. The hydraulic lifting structure includes a lifting mechanism and a rear support frame. The lifting mechanism is arranged close to the shield body. The shield support is fixed to the bottom of the shield body. The saddle frame is connected to the middle of the main beam through a propulsion cylinder. Both ends of the propulsion cylinder are rotatably connected by horizontally rotating hinges.

[0010] Preferably, the stepping trolley has a rectangular frame structure, one end of the stepping trolley in the length direction is provided with an ear seat, and adjacent side walls at the bottom of the shield support are provided with ear plates. The hydraulic drive component is a stepping cylinder, and the cylinder body and piston end of the stepping cylinder are respectively hinged to the ear seat and the ear plate.

[0011] Preferably, the stepping trolley includes two parallel crossbeams and a lower roller groove connected to the ends of the crossbeams. The rolling structure is arranged in a sliding groove at the top of the lower roller groove. An upper sliding groove is correspondingly provided above the lower roller groove. A saddle support is fixedly connected to the bottom of the saddle frame. The upper sliding groove is detachably connected to the bottom of the shield support or the saddle support.

[0012] Preferably, the rolling structure includes a cage with a rectangular frame structure, the outer walls of the cage being in contact with the inner walls of the top groove of the lower rolling groove, and rollers being arranged horizontally at equal intervals along the axial direction inside the cage, with the tops of the rollers located above the top surface of the cage.

[0013] Preferably, the lower roller groove and the retainer are both axially continuous splicing structures. The two sides of the lower roller groove are splicable stepped structures. The ends of adjacent lower roller grooves are connected by screws, and adjacent retainers are connected by connecting plates and bolts. The ends of the lower roller groove are provided with countersunk holes for screw installation, and the ends of the side walls of the retainer are provided with slots for accommodating connecting plates.

[0014] Preferably, a guide block is vertically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper sliding groove, and the side wall of the guide block is simultaneously in contact with the same side wall of the lower rolling groove and the upper sliding groove.

[0015] Preferably, a pair of handrails are provided at the bottom of the crossbeam. The handrails are mirror-symmetrical about the center of the crossbeam, and the outer sidewalls of the two handrails are simultaneously in contact with the inner sidewalls of the two rails fixed to the ground.

[0016] Preferably, the longitudinal stepping steps of the stepper device are as follows: S101. Start the lifting mechanism. The lower end of the lifting mechanism moves downward to contact the ground. Its lower end presses against the ground, so that the shield body, main beam, shield support and upper sliding groove are raised 2~4cm in the vertical direction. The upper sliding groove is separated from the roller. The piston end of the stepping cylinder is slightly raised to form a small angle with the ground. S102. Remove the stepping trolley at the bottom of the saddle support, extend the lower end of the rear support frame to contact the ground, lift the main beam so that the saddle support is 3-5cm off the ground. S103. A connecting rod is hinged between the stepping trolley and the saddle support to control the retraction of the stepping cylinder, thereby moving the stepping trolley. The stepping trolley, through the connecting rod, drives the suspended saddle support and saddle to move along the axial direction of the main beam. S104. After the stepping trolley moves to the required position, control the rear support frame to retract, the saddle support to re-contact the ground and support the main beam, control the lifting mechanism to retract, and let the shield body fall back to its original position. Its weight is entirely borne by the stepping trolley and the shield support. S105, the stepping cylinder extends, and the crossbeam on the rear side of the stepping trolley provides the reaction force to push the shield support. Under the rolling of the rollers, the shield body, the main beam and the rear support frame move together along the TBM stepping direction, thus completing one longitudinal stepping stroke. S106. Repeat steps S~S above to move the TBM to the desired position.

[0017] Preferably, the lateral stepping steps of the stepping device are as follows: S201. Start the lifting mechanism. The lower end of the lifting mechanism moves downward to contact the ground. Its lower end presses against the ground, causing the shield body, main beam, shield support and upper slide to be lifted 2-4cm in the vertical direction together and disengage from the roller. S202. Remove the locking pin connecting the stepping cylinder and the shield support to detach them from the assembly. Remove the bolts connecting the shield support and the upper slide groove to detach them from the assembly. S203. Rotate the stepping trolley as a whole in the plane of the ground. First, reconnect the shield support and the upper slide groove by tightening the bolts, and then reconnect the stepping cylinder and the ear plate on the side of the shield support by locking pins. S204. The lifting mechanism retracts, the upper slide groove re-engages with the roller, the lower section of the lifting mechanism leaves the ground, the rear support frame extends, the lower end contacts the ground and lifts the main beam, so that the saddle support is raised 180~200cm in the vertical direction. S205. Place another set of stepping carriages horizontally under the saddle support, and connect the saddle support to the upper slide groove in the stepping carriage with fastening bolts. After the connection is completed, the rear support frame retracts, the saddle support falls down, and the upper slide groove falls back onto the roller. This completes the assembly of the horizontal stepping mode. S206. Simultaneously start the lifting mechanism and the rear support frame. The lower end of the lifting mechanism moves downward to contact the ground and its lower end presses against the ground. The rear support frame extends and its lower end presses against the ground, so that the shield body, main beam, shield support and the upper sliding grooves of the front and rear two stepping trolleys are raised 2~4cm in the same vertical direction, disengaging from the rollers. The front end of the stepping cylinder is slightly raised to form a small angle with the ground. S207. Connect the link between the two stepping trolleys to control the retraction of the stepping cylinders of the front and rear stepping trolleys, thereby driving the stepping trolleys, link, saddle support and saddle to move together along the lateral stepping direction of the TBM. At this time, relative movement occurs between the stepping trolley and the ground, and between the saddle and the main beam. S208. After the stepping trolley moves to the required position, the lifting mechanism and the rear support frame retract, and the upper slides of the front and rear stepping trolleys fall back onto the rollers, with their weight entirely borne by the stepping trolley. S209. Control the extension of the stepping cylinder of the front stepping trolley. The crossbeam of the stepping trolley provides the reaction force to push the shield support. Under the rolling of the rollers, the shield body, the main beam and the rear support frame move together along the TBM stepping direction. S210: The stepping cylinder of the rear stepping trolley extends, and the crossbeam on the rear side of the stepping trolley provides the reaction force to push the saddle support. Under the rolling of the rollers, the saddle support moves along the TBM stepping direction. Steps S211 and S109~S210 are performed alternately to complete one cycle of the TBM's lateral stepping.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Replacing traditional sliding stepper with rolling stepper reduces stepping resistance, thereby reducing the power configuration of the stepper device, reducing the size of the power components, lowering costs, and facilitating transportation and installation.

[0019] 2. For large-diameter TBMs or steeply graded tunnels, it can significantly reduce the difficulty of paving, improve paving efficiency, and shorten the construction period.

[0020] 3. Compared with the traditional inclined burial method, which requires the TBM tunneling to be completed before drilling and blasting the excavation, this invention can drill and blast the burial tunnel in advance. After the TBM is completed, this stepping device is installed to move the TBM to the predetermined burial position, which significantly shortens the construction period.

[0021] 4. This invention enables a lateral burial scheme that is impossible with traditional burial methods. This burial scheme facilitates TBM movement, requires less excavation, is easy to operate, and has low cost.

[0022] 5. Compared with traditional stepper devices, the present invention has a lighter structure and the stepper mechanism can be disassembled into several small parts, which greatly facilitates transportation and installation.

[0023] 6. Because this stepping device is lightweight and the stepping trolley itself is equipped with a guide rail, this device can use the locomotive track reserved on the concrete ground as the guide for the stepping device, without the need to reserve an additional guide groove on the concrete ground, which greatly reduces the cost of civil construction.

[0024] 7. The stepping trolley described in this invention can be used not only for TBM stepping but also for other heavy object handling, significantly reducing movement resistance and facilitating the movement of heavy objects. Furthermore, this device has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, making it widely applicable for heavy object handling. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stepping device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stepping car in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepping car in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal step-by-step construction structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse step construction structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the novel oblique burial method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8This is a structural schematic diagram of the novel side-embedding method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the existing traditional inclined burial method.

[0034] In the above attached figures: 1. Stepping trolley; 101. Crossbeam; 102. Rail guide; 103. Lower roller groove; 104. Cage; 105. Roller; 106. Screw; 107. Upper slide groove; 108. Threaded hole; 109. Guide block; 110. Ear seat; 112. Connecting plate; 113. Bolt; 2. Shield support; 3. Fastening bolt; 4. Stepping cylinder; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Lifting mechanism; 7. Saddle support; 8. Saddle; 9. Rear support frame; 10. Propulsion cylinder; 11. Main beam; 12. Shield body; 13. Concrete; 14. Rail; 21. TBM excavation tunnel; 22. Wedge-shaped rock plug; 23. Drill and blast excavation tunnel; 24. Tunnel breakthrough face; 25. TBM main unit. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: The TBM stepper device described in this invention, as shown in the attached figure Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a stepping trolley 1, a shield support 2, fastening bolts 3, a stepping cylinder 4, a connecting rod 5, a lifting mechanism 6, and a saddle support 7.

[0037] The TBM to which this invention applies is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes: saddle frame 8, rear support frame 9, propulsion cylinder 10, main beam 11, and shield body 12.

[0038] Combined with appendix Figure 1 , 3 5. Further explanation of the structure of this stepping device: 1. The stepping trolley 1 is placed on the concrete ground and is the core moving component of the stepping device. Through the linear rolling guide pair inside the stepping trolley 1, the shield support 2 can move along the tunnel axis, which in turn can drive the shield body 12 to move along the tunnel axis, realizing the rolling stepping of the TBM.

[0039] 2. The shield support 2 is placed on the stepping trolley 1 and fastened to it with bolts. The shield body 12 is placed on the U-shaped shield support 2, with its outer surface tightly fitted to the inner surface of the shield support 2. The shield support 2 and the shield body 12 are tightly connected by welding. The shield support 2 can not only mount the stepping trolley 1 longitudinally, but also has additional mounting holes for mounting the stepping trolley 1 laterally, thus enabling both longitudinal and lateral stepping of the TBM.

[0040] 3. The stepping cylinder 4 serves as the power element of the stepping device. One end is hinged to the lug on the shield support 2, and the other end is hinged to the lug on the stepping trolley. By controlling the input pressure of the stepping cylinder 4, the thrust of the stepping device can be controlled, and by controlling the stroke of the stepping cylinder 4, the stroke of the stepping device can be controlled.

[0041] 4. The saddle support 7 is placed on the concrete ground to support the saddle 8. The saddle 8 is placed on the upper surface of the saddle support 7 and is fastened to the saddle support 7 with bolts.

[0042] 5. One end of the connecting rod 5 is hinged to the stepping trolley 1, and the other end is hinged to the saddle support 7. It is used to rigidly connect the stepping trolley 1 and the saddle support 7, ensuring that the saddle support 7 and the stepping trolley move in unison.

[0043] 6. The lifting mechanism 6 mainly consists of two large-diameter hydraulic cylinders, which are installed below the main beam 11 to lift the main beam 11 and raise the shield body 12 upward.

[0044] 7. The front end of the main beam 11 is rigidly connected to the rear end of the shield body 12 by bolts. The rear end is equipped with a rear support frame 9 that can be lifted upwards to support the main beam 11. Under normal circumstances, the rear support frame 9 is in the retracted state.

[0045] 8. The main beam 11 is placed on the saddle 8 in the middle, and the saddle 8 is used to support the main beam 11. The saddle 8 and the main beam 11 are connected by a sliding joint, so the saddle 8 can slide about 1800mm along the main beam.

[0046] 9. One end of the propulsion cylinder 10 is hinged to the main beam 11, and the other end is hinged to the saddle frame 8. During the entire stepping process, the propulsion cylinder 10 does not supply oil and only passively extends and retracts following the forward and backward movement of the saddle frame 8.

[0047] 10. All cylinder movements during the stepping process of this stepping device are powered by the stepping hydraulic pump station.

[0048] The structure of the stepping trolley 1 described in this stepping device is as follows: Figure 2 , 4 As shown, it includes: a crossbeam 101, a guide rail 102, a lower roller groove 103, a retainer 104, a roller 105, a screw 106, an upper slide groove 107, a threaded hole 108, a guide block 109, a lug 110, a connecting plate 112, and a bolt 113.

[0049] Combined with appendix Figure 2 , 3 4. Further explanation of the structure of the stepping trolley 1 described in this stepping device: 1. The crossbeam 101 is used to connect the lower roller grooves 103 on the left and right sides by bolts, so that the stepping trolley forms a complete bottom frame.

[0050] 2. The guide rail device 102 is symmetrically installed below the crossbeam by bolts and is secured between two steel rails 14 pre-embedded in the concrete ground 13. This ensures that when the stepping trolley 1 moves forward as a whole, it can move forward in a straight line along the steel rails 14, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown.

[0051] 3. The lower roller groove 103 is placed on the concrete floor to bear the load of the roller 105. Simultaneously, its internal groove structure restricts the linear movement of the cage 104 along the roller groove. For ease of transportation and assembly, and also for easy and rapid extension of the raceway, the lower roller groove 103 is divided into multiple sections, with adjacent sections connected by screws 106. When the raceway needs to be extended, simply add several new sections of the lower roller groove 103 between adjacent sections and connect them to each other using screws 106.

[0052] 4. The roller 105 is placed in the raceway of the lower roller groove 103 and supports the upper slide groove 107. It is a key load-bearing component of the stepping trolley 1. When the upper slide groove 107 moves forward, it will drive the roller 105 to roll forward. Thus, the upper slide groove 107 moves forward only under the force of sliding friction.

[0053] 5. The cage 104 is a rigid frame that maintains the parallelism between multiple rollers 105. The protruding shafts at both ends of the rollers 105 mate with the holes on the cage 104, allowing them to be assembled together. The height of the cage 104 is lower than the height of the rollers 105, ensuring that the rollers are the main load-bearing components. To facilitate rapid extension of the raceway, the cage 104 is divided into multiple sections, with adjacent sections connected by connecting plates 112 and bolts 113. When an extension of the rolling mechanism is required, simply add several new cage sections 104, connecting plates 112, and bolts 113 between adjacent cages 104, and assemble the rollers 105.

[0054] 6. The upper slide 107 is placed above the roller 105 and is the component connecting the stepping trolley 1 and the shield support 2. The threaded hole 108 is the threaded hole for connecting the shield support 2. Guide blocks 109 are also installed on the left and right sides of the upper slide 107 by screws to ensure that the upper slide 107 will not derail when sliding on the roller 105.

[0055] 7. The ear seat 110 is bolted to the crossbeam 101 to fix the stepping cylinder 4 and the connecting rod 5.

[0056] This invention relates to a method of using the longitudinal stepping of the aforementioned TBM stepping device, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps: 1. The lifting mechanism 6 is activated. The lower end of the lifting mechanism 6 moves downward to contact the ground, and its lower end presses against the ground, causing the TBM main shield body 12, main beam 11, shield support 2, and upper sliding groove 107 to be lifted vertically by 2 to 4 cm and disengage from the roller 105; the front end of the stepping cylinder 4 is slightly lifted, forming a small angle with the ground.

[0057] 2. The lower end of the rear support frame 9 extends out and touches the ground, lifting the main beam 11 so that the saddle support 7 is 3-5cm off the ground; 3. When the stepping cylinder 4 retracts, it drives the stepping trolley 1, connecting rod 5, saddle support 7 and saddle 8 to move together along the TBM stepping direction. At this time, relative movement occurs between the stepping trolley 1 and the ground, and between the saddle 8 and the main beam 11.

[0058] 4. After the stepping trolley 1 moves to the required position, the rear support frame 9 retracts, the saddle support 7 re-contacts the ground and supports the main beam 11; the lifting mechanism 6 retracts, causing the shield body 12 to fall back to its original position, and its weight is entirely borne by the stepping trolley 1 and the shield support 2.

[0059] 5. The stepping cylinder 4 extends, and the reaction force provided by the crossbeam 101 on the rear side of the stepping trolley 1 pushes the shield support 2. Under the rolling of the roller 105, the shield body 12, the main beam 11 and the rear support frame 9 move together along the TBM stepping direction. At this point, the TBM completes one stepping stroke.

[0060] 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 above to move the TBM to the desired position.

[0061] This invention also relates to a method of using the lateral stepping of the above-mentioned TBM stepping device, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 As shown, it includes the following steps: 1. When the TBM needs to move laterally, the lifting mechanism 6 is activated. The lower end of the lifting mechanism 6 moves downward to contact the ground, and its lower end presses against the ground, so that the TBM main shield body 12, main beam 11, shield support 2, and upper sliding groove 107 are raised vertically by 2 to 4 cm and disengaged from the roller 105.

[0062] 2. Remove the pin connecting the stepping cylinder 4 and the shield support 2 to detach them from the assembly. Remove the bolts connecting the shield support 2 and the upper slide groove 107 to detach them from the assembly.

[0063] 3. Rotate the stepping trolley 1 90 degrees as a whole in the plane of the ground. First, reconnect the shield support 2 to the upper slide groove 107 by tightening the bolts 3. Then, reconnect the stepping cylinder 4 to the ear seat on the side of the shield support 2 by using the pin. (See attached diagram) Figure 6 As shown.

[0064] 4. The lifting mechanism 6 retracts, the upper slide 107 re-engages with the roller 105, and the lower end of the lifting mechanism 6 leaves the ground. The rear support frame 9 extends, its lower end contacts the ground, and lifts the main beam 11, causing the saddle support 7 to be raised 180~200cm vertically.

[0065] 5. Place another stepping carriage 1 horizontally under the saddle support 7, and connect the saddle support 7 to the upper slide groove 107 in the stepping carriage 1 using fastening bolts 3. After connection, the rear support frame 9 retracts, the saddle support 7 falls, and the upper slide groove 107 falls back onto the roller 105. This completes the assembly of the horizontal stepping mode.

[0066] 6. The lifting mechanism 6 and the rear support frame 9 are activated. The lower end of the lifting mechanism 6 moves downward to contact the ground and its lower end presses against the ground. The rear support frame 9 extends and its lower end presses against the ground, causing the TBM main shield body 12, main beam 11, shield support 2, and the upper sliding grooves 107 of the front and rear stepping trolleys to be raised vertically by 2 to 4 cm and disengage from the rollers 105. The front end of the stepping cylinder 4 is slightly raised, forming a small angle with the ground.

[0067] 7. The stepping cylinders 4 of both the front and rear stepping trolleys retract, driving the stepping trolley 1, connecting rod 5, saddle support 7 and saddle 8 to move together along the lateral stepping direction of the TBM. At this time, relative movement occurs between the stepping trolley 1 and the ground, and between the saddle 8 and the main beam 11.

[0068] 8. After the stepping trolley 1 moves to the required position, the lifting mechanism 6 and the rear support frame 9 retract, and the upper slide grooves 107 of the front and rear stepping trolleys fall back onto the rollers 105, with their weight entirely borne by the stepping trolley 1.

[0069] 5. The stepping cylinder 4 of the front stepping trolley extends, and the crossbeam 101 on the rear side of the stepping trolley 1 provides reaction force to push the shield support 2. Under the rolling of the roller 105, the shield body 12, the main beam 11 and the rear support frame 9 move together along the TBM stepping direction.

[0070] 6. The stepping cylinder 4 of the rear stepping trolley extends, and the crossbeam 101 on the rear side of the stepping trolley 1 provides the reaction force to push the saddle support 7. Under the rolling of the roller 105, the saddle support 7 moves along the TBM stepping direction.

[0071] 7. By alternating between steps 5 and 6 above, the TBM can complete one cycle of lateral stepping.

[0072] 8. Repeat steps 1 to 7 above to move the TBM to the desired position.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, the tunnel for burying the TBM can be pre-drilled and blasted. After the TBM is completed, this stepping device is installed to move the TBM to the predetermined burial position.

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, lateral burial of TBMs can be carried out.

Claims

1. A construction method for a laterally advancing rolling TBM stepping device, characterized in that, The stepping device includes: a main frame, a hydraulic lifting structure connected to both ends of the main frame, and a shield support (2) and a saddle (8) supporting both ends of the main frame. The shield support (2) and the saddle (8) are slidably connected to the rolling structure on the top of the two stepping trolleys (1), and the main frame is longitudinally slidably connected to the saddle (8). The stepping steps of the stepper device are as follows: Step 1: Control the hydraulic lifting structures at both ends of the main frame to extend, so that the bottom of the hydraulic lifting structure contacts the ground and lifts the main frame, so that the main frame drives the shield support (2) and saddle (8) to rise synchronously to leave the ground; Step 2: Confirm the sliding direction of the main frame, and connect the stepping trolley (1) and the shield support (2) and the stepping trolley (1) and the saddle frame (8) in the corresponding direction through hydraulic drive components. Step 3: Synchronously control the hydraulic drive to push / pull the two stepping trolleys (1) to move linearly in the horizontal direction, and stop the hydraulic drive after the stepping trolleys (1) have moved to the set position; Step 4: Control the retraction of the hydraulic lifting structure. During the retraction of the hydraulic lifting structure, the main frame, shield support (2) and saddle (8) are driven to move downward until the shield support (2) and saddle (8) fall on the corresponding stepping trolley (1) and are supported by the rolling structure on the top of the stepping trolley (1). Step 5: Synchronously control the two hydraulic drive components to drive in the opposite way to Step 3. The hydraulic drive components pull / push the shield support (2) and saddle (8) to slide on the stepping trolley (1). During the sliding process, the resistance is reduced by the rolling structure on the top of the stepping trolley (1). This completes one step of the main frame formation. Step 6: Repeat steps 1 to 5 above to move the main unit rack to the required position; The main frame includes a main beam (11) and a shield body (12) connected to the end of the main beam (11). The hydraulic lifting structure is connected to the bottom two ends of the main beam (11). The hydraulic lifting structure includes a lifting mechanism (6) and a rear support frame (9). The lifting mechanism (6) is arranged close to the shield body (12). The shield support (2) is fixed to the bottom of the shield body (12). The saddle frame (8) is connected to the middle of the main beam (11) through a propulsion cylinder (10). Both ends of the propulsion cylinder (10) are rotatably connected by a horizontally rotating hinge. The stepping trolley (1) has a rectangular frame structure. One end of the stepping trolley (1) in the length direction is provided with an ear seat (110). The adjacent side walls at the bottom of the shield support (2) are provided with ear plates. The hydraulic drive component is a stepping cylinder (4). The cylinder body and piston end of the stepping cylinder (4) are respectively hinged to the ear seat (110) and the ear plate. The stepping trolley (1) includes two parallel crossbeams (101) and a lower roller groove (103) connected to the end of the crossbeams (101). The rolling structure is arranged in the sliding groove at the top of the lower roller groove (103). An upper sliding groove (107) is correspondingly provided above the lower roller groove (103). A saddle support (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the saddle frame (8). The upper sliding groove (107) is detachably connected to the bottom of the shield support (2) or the saddle support (7). The rolling structure includes a retainer (104) with a rectangular frame structure. The outer sidewalls of the retainer (104) are in contact with the inner sidewalls of the top groove of the lower roller groove (103). Rollers (105) are arranged horizontally at equal intervals along the axial direction inside the retainer (104). The top of the rollers (105) is located above the top surface of the retainer (104). The lower roller groove (103) and the retainer (104) are both axially continuous splicing structures. The two sides of the lower roller groove (103) are splicable stepped structures. The ends of adjacent lower roller grooves (103) are connected by screws (106). Adjacent retainers (104) are connected by connecting plates (112) and bolts (113). The lower roller groove (103) is provided with countersunk holes for screw (106) installation at the end. The retainer (104) has a slot at the end of its side wall for accommodating the connecting plate (112). The lateral stepping steps of the stepper device are as follows: S201. Start the lifting mechanism (6). The lower end of the lifting mechanism (6) moves downward to contact the ground. Its lower end presses against the ground, so that the shield body (12), main beam (11), shield support (2) and upper slide (107) are lifted 2~4cm in the vertical direction and separated from the roller (105). S202. Remove the locking pin connecting the stepping cylinder (4) and the shield support (2) to disassemble them. Remove the bolts connecting the shield support (2) and the upper slide groove (107) to disassemble them. S203. Rotate the stepping trolley (1) 90° in the plane of the ground. First, reconnect the shield support (2) and the upper slide (107) with the fastening bolt (3), and then reconnect the stepping cylinder (4) and the ear plate on the side of the shield support (2) with the locking pin. S204, the lifting mechanism (6) retracts, the upper slide (107) re-engages with the roller (105), the lower section of the lifting mechanism (6) leaves the ground, the rear support frame (9) extends, the lower end contacts the ground and lifts the main beam (11), so that the saddle support (7) is raised 180~200cm in the vertical direction. S205. Place another set of stepping carriages (1) horizontally under the saddle support (7), and connect the saddle support (7) to the upper slide groove (107) in the stepping carriage (1) by fastening bolts (3). After the connection is completed, the rear support frame (9) retracts, the saddle support (7) falls down, and the upper slide groove (107) falls back onto the roller (105). The assembly of the horizontal stepping mode is thus completed. S206. Simultaneously start the lifting mechanism (6) and the rear support frame (9). The lower end of the lifting mechanism (6) moves downward to contact the ground and its lower end presses against the ground. The rear support frame (9) extends and its lower end presses against the ground, so that the shield body (12), the main beam (11), the shield support (2) and the upper sliding groove (107) of the front and rear two stepping trolleys (1) are raised 2~4cm in the same vertical direction and disengaged from the roller (105). The front end of the stepping cylinder (4) is slightly raised and forms a small angle with the ground. S207. Connect the link (5) between the two stepping trolleys (1) and control the stepping cylinders (4) of the two stepping trolleys (1) to retract, so that the stepping trolley (1), link (5), saddle support (7) and saddle (8) move together along the lateral stepping direction of the TBM. At this time, relative movement occurs between the stepping trolley (1) and the ground, and between the saddle (8) and the main beam (11). S208. After the stepping trolley (1) moves to the required position, the lifting mechanism (6) and the rear support frame (9) retract, and the upper slide grooves (107) of the front and rear stepping trolleys (1) fall back onto the rollers (105), and their weight is entirely borne by the stepping trolley (1). S209, the stepping cylinder (4) of the front stepping trolley (1) extends, and the crossbeam (101) of the stepping trolley (1) provides reaction force to push the shield support (2). Under the rolling of the roller (105), the shield body (12), the main beam (11) and the rear support frame (9) move together along the TBM stepping direction. S210, the stepping cylinder (4) of the rear stepping trolley (1) extends, and the crossbeam (101) on the rear side of the stepping trolley (1) provides a reaction force to push the saddle support (7). Under the rolling of the roller (105), the saddle support (7) moves along the TBM stepping direction. Steps S211 and S209~S210 are performed alternately to complete one cycle of the TBM's lateral stepping.

2. The construction method of a laterally advancing rolling TBM stepping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A guide block (109) is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the upper slide groove (107), and the side wall of the guide block (109) is simultaneously attached to the same side wall of the lower slide groove (103) and the upper slide groove (107).

3. The construction method of a laterally advancing rolling TBM stepping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of rail supports (102) are provided at the bottom of the crossbeam (101). The rail supports (102) are mirror-symmetrical about the center of the crossbeam (101). The outer sidewalls of the two rail supports (102) are simultaneously attached to the inner sidewalls of the two steel rails (14) fixed to the ground.

4. The construction method of a laterally advancing rolling TBM stepping device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal stepping steps of the stepper device are as follows: S101. Start the lifting mechanism (6). The lower end of the lifting mechanism (6) moves downward to contact the ground. Its lower end presses against the ground, so that the shield body (12), main beam (11), shield support (2) and upper slide (107) are raised 2~4cm in the vertical direction. The upper slide (107) disengages from the roller (105). The piston end of the stepping cylinder (4) is slightly raised to form a small angle with the ground. S102. Remove the stepping trolley (1) at the bottom of the saddle support (7), extend the lower end of the rear support frame (9) to contact the ground, lift the main beam (11) so that the saddle support (7) is 3~5cm off the ground; S103. A connecting rod (5) is hinged between the stepping trolley (1) and the saddle support (7) to control the stepping cylinder (4) to retract and drive the stepping trolley (1) to move. The stepping trolley (1) drives the saddle support (7) and saddle (8) in a suspended state to move along the axial direction of the main beam (11) through the connecting rod (5). S104. After the stepping trolley (1) moves to the required position, control the rear support frame (9) to retract, the saddle support (7) to re-contact the ground and support the main beam (11), control the lifting mechanism (6) to retract, so that the shield (12) falls back to its original position, and its weight is entirely borne by the stepping trolley (1) and the shield support (2). S105, the stepping cylinder (4) extends, and the crossbeam (101) on the rear side of the stepping trolley (1) provides the reaction force to push the shield support (2). Under the rolling of the roller (105), the shield body (12), the main beam (11) and the rear support frame (9) move together along the TBM stepping direction, thus completing a longitudinal stepping stroke. S106. Repeat steps S101 to S105 above to move the TBM to the desired position.

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