A transposition mechanism for a cutting and tearing tool

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of shield cutter, especially relates to a transposition mechanism for cutting pile tearing cutter, which comprises a cutter holder, a rotating assembly is arranged in the cutter holder, the rotating assembly comprises a rotating shaft, an installation disc is arranged on the outer periphery of one side of the rotating shaft, a cutter disc is arranged on the outer periphery of the geometric center of the rotating assembly, a tearing cutter is arranged on the outer periphery of the cutter disc, transposition driving devices are arranged on both sides in the cutter holder, hydraulic cylinders for driving the longitudinal movement adjustment of the moving frame are further arranged in the cutter holder, a position adjusting assembly is arranged above the transposition device, and a positioning mechanism for limiting the cutter disc is arranged in the cutter holder near one side of the rotating shaft. The present application realizes the replacement of the cutting pile tearing cutter by means of cutter transposition, ensures the smooth development of shield processing work to a certain extent, guarantees the work progress, limits the cutter, guarantees the stability, prevents the cutter from deviating, and meets the use requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shield tunneling cutter technology and equipment, and particularly relates to a shifting mechanism for a pile cutting and tearing cutter. Background Technology

[0002] Shield cutters are the cutting tools used in tunnel boring machines (TBMs). TBM cutters can be categorized by shape into cutting cutters, advance cutters (also called leading cutters), spiral cutters, fishtail cutters, and contour cutters, among others. The leading cutter is the one that cuts into the soil before the main cutting cutter. When the TBM is cutting through the soil, the leading cutter cuts the soil before the main cutting cutter, dividing the soil into sections and creating favorable cutting conditions for the main cutting cutter.

[0003] The pile cutting and tearing cutter is a type of advance cutter for tunnel boring machines (TBMs). It is developed for strata with reinforced concrete pile foundations during TBM construction. The pile cutting and tearing cutter is an ultra-high TBM cutterhead panel that contacts the original soil layer before other cutters, loosening the soil layer, breaking the pile foundation, and cutting the reinforcing steel. At the same time, it adds an adjustable base, improving the versatility of the cutter and allowing it to be freely switched with the roller cutter.

[0004] Currently, wear and tearing of pile cutting tools is normal during the excavation process along the construction line. However, due to the complex geological conditions during the journey, tool breakage also occurs frequently. To ensure the effective progress of the excavation work, the commonly used technical method in the current technology is to stop the equipment and then manually replace the damaged tools. This method greatly increases the labor intensity and workload, and the equipment shutdown also affects the construction progress to some extent. In addition, for tooling fixtures containing multiple pile cutting tools, the processing is relatively complicated, especially the stability during tool replacement, which brings certain operational difficulties and cannot meet the usage requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the replacement process of pile cutting and tearing cutters mentioned above. It proposes a reasonable design, simple structure, and convenient processing method that can replace pile cutting and tearing cutters by means of tool repositioning. This ensures the smooth progress of shield tunneling work to a certain extent and guarantees the work process. At the same time, it can also limit the position of the pile cutting and tearing cutter, ensure its stability, prevent its deviation, and effectively meet the usage requirements.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a shifting mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing cutter, comprising a cutter holder, a rotating assembly within the cutter holder, the rotating assembly including a rotating shaft, a mounting plate on one outer periphery of the rotating shaft, a cutter holder on the outer periphery located at the geometric center of the rotating assembly, a tearing cutter on the outer periphery of the cutter holder, shifting drive devices on both sides within the cutter holder, each shifting drive device including a limiting slide bar, a moving frame within the limiting slide bar, a sliding groove within the moving frame, an adjusting plate within the sliding groove, a rack above the adjusting plate, a gear plate at the end of the rotating shaft, a hydraulic cylinder within the cutter holder for driving the moving frame to move longitudinally, an adjusting assembly above the shifting device, and a positioning mechanism for limiting the position of the cutter holder within the cutter holder on the side near the rotating shaft.

[0007] Preferably, a support plate is provided on one side of the adjusting plate, and a limiting post is provided above the support plate. Two sets of the adjusting components are provided and arranged side by side. The adjusting components include a limiting frame connected to the inner side of the tool holder. A limiting plate with a trapezoidal design is provided at the lower end of the limiting frame. The two limiting plates are arranged symmetrically at the center. A positioning groove adapted to the limiting rod is opened in the limiting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a ratchet mounted on a rotating shaft and located between the mounting plate and the gear plate, and a mounting block is provided on the inner side of the tool holder near the ratchet, with a telescopic rod provided inside the mounting block.

[0009] Preferably, the end face of the telescopic rod is designed with an angled shape and is adapted to the ratchet.

[0010] Preferably, a mounting plate is provided below the tool holder, and a mounting groove is provided in the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a cover plate is provided on the tool holder located above the rotating assembly, and protective plates are provided on both sides of the cover plate.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. This invention provides a tool changing mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing cutter. Through a designated changing drive device, the tool can be replaced, reducing equipment downtime and improving work efficiency. The included adjustment component facilitates continuous use of the changing drive device and effectively prevents motion interference between equipment components, further improving work efficiency. The positioning mechanism limits the position of the rotating component, reducing the possibility of wobbling and ensuring stability during tool production, thus improving work efficiency. This device is rationally designed, simple in structure, and easy to manufacture. It utilizes tool changing to replace the pile-cutting tearing cutter, ensuring smooth shield tunneling operations and maintaining work progress. Simultaneously, it limits the position of the pile-cutting tearing cutter, ensuring its stability and preventing displacement, effectively meeting usage requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a shifting mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing tool.

[0016] Figure 2 A bottom view schematic diagram of the structure of a shifting mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing tool;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of part of the internal structure of a shifting mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing tool.

[0018] Figure 4 A partial internal structure side view of a shifting mechanism for a piling and tearing tool;

[0019] Figure 5 A bottom view of the structure for the coordination of the positioning drive device and the adjustment component;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the transposition drive device;

[0021] In the above figures, 1. Tool holder; 2. Rotating assembly; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Mounting plate; 3. Tool holder; 4. Tearing blade; 5. Positioning drive device; 51. Limiting slide bar; 52. Moving frame; 521. Slide groove; 53. Adjusting plate; 531. Support plate; 532. Limiting post; 54. Rack; 6. Gear plate; 7. Hydraulic cylinder; 8. Positioning assembly; 81. Limiting frame; 82. Limiting plate; 821. Positioning groove; 9. Positioning mechanism; 91. Ratchet; 92. Mounting block; 93. Telescopic rod; 10. Mounting plate; 101. Mounting groove; 11. Cover plate; 12. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0024] Examples, such as Figures 1-6As shown, a tool shifting mechanism for a pile-cutting tearing cutter 4 includes a tool holder 1, which provides convenient conditions for the installation of the advance cutter and shifting mechanism on the tunnel boring machine, ensuring the work progress. A rotating assembly 2 is provided inside the tool holder 1. The rotating assembly 2 includes a rotating shaft 21, and a mounting plate 22 is provided on the outer periphery of one side of the rotating shaft 21. The rotating shaft 21 ensures the smoothness of the tool during the shifting process, while the mounting plate 22 provides convenient conditions for the stable setting of the rotating shaft 21 and the tool, ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent processing work. The outer periphery of the rotating assembly 2 is located at its geometric center. A cutter head 3 is provided around the periphery of the cutter head 3, and tearing blades 4 are arranged on its outer periphery. Multiple sets of tearing blades 4 are provided on the cutter head; in this embodiment, six sets are provided. This means that when the foremost blade is damaged, the blade can be replaced by controlling the shifting drive device 5. This method reduces equipment downtime to a certain extent and effectively improves work efficiency. Of course, the tearing blades 4 are detachably fixed to the cutter head 3, firstly to ensure the stability of the blade arrangement, and secondly to provide convenient conditions for subsequent blade replacement and maintenance, thus improving efficiency. Functionality: Furthermore, the tool holder 1 is equipped with a shifting drive device 5 on both sides. The shifting drive device 5 includes a limiting slide bar 51, within which a moving frame 52 is installed. A slide groove 521 is formed within the moving frame 52, and an adjusting plate 53 is installed within the slide groove 521. A rack 54 is positioned above the adjusting plate 53. A gear disc 6 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 21. The tool holder 1 is also equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 7 for driving the moving frame 52 to move longitudinally. Specifically, the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are used to drive the moving frame 52 to move longitudinally within the limiting slide bar. The movement adjustment is performed on the rack 51, and the meshing between the rack 54 and the gear plate 6 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate relative to the tool holder 1, thereby completing the replacement of the tearing knife 4. Considering the functionality of the device, the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the moving frame 52 to move from one end of the limiting slide bar 51 to the other end, and the tool holder 3 and the tearing knife 4 complete a 60° rotation. Of course, the transmission ratio between the equipment components is adjusted according to the number of tearing knives 4 set on the tool holder 3 to ensure that the device has a good performance.A positioning component 8 is installed above the shifting device. The function of the positioning component 8 is to facilitate the reset process of the rack 54. That is, when the tool needs to be shifted, the moving frame 52 is positioned close to the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the adjusting plate 53 and rack 54, especially the rack 54, are on the travel path meshing with the gear disc 6. When the tool shifting is completed, under the action of the positioning component 8, the adjusting plate 53 and rack 54 are first adjusted to a position away from the gear disc 6. Then, under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 7, they are reset. When approaching another positioning component 8, the adjusting plate 53 and rack 54 return to their original positions, meaning the rack 54 and gear disc 6 are on the same travel path. It should be further noted that the adjusting plate... The adjustment plate 53 and rack 54 are detachably fixedly connected, and there is a certain damping between the adjustment plate 53 and the moving frame 52 to prevent the adjustment plate 53 and rack 54 from shaking and affecting the tool changing process. It is precisely because of the damping effect between the adjustment plate 53 and the moving frame 52 that the adjustment plate 53 drives the rack 54 to move relative to the moving frame 52 only when the adjustment plate 53 abuts against the adjustment component 8, thus ensuring the functionality of the device. The tool holder 1 near the rotating shaft 21 is equipped with a positioning mechanism 9 that limits the position of the opposing tool disc 3. This mechanism limits the position of the rotating component 2, reduces the possibility of shaking, ensures the stability of the tool production and processing process, and effectively improves the work process.

[0025] In the above process: the tool replacement is achieved through the positioning drive device 5, which reduces the frequency of equipment downtime and effectively improves the work progress; the adjustment component 8 provides convenient conditions for the continuous use of the positioning drive device 5 and effectively avoids motion interference between equipment parts, thus improving the work progress; the positioning mechanism 9 limits the position of the rotating component 2, reducing the possibility of shaking and ensuring the stability of the tool production process, thus effectively improving the work progress; this device is reasonably designed, simple in structure, easy to process, and can replace the pile cutting tearing knife 4 by tool replacement, which to a certain extent ensures the smooth progress of shield tunneling and guarantees the work progress. At the same time, it can also limit the position of the pile cutting tearing knife 4, ensuring its stability, preventing it from deviating, and effectively meeting the usage requirements.

[0026] To ensure the rationality of the device setup and the smooth operation of subsequent tool changing, a support plate 531 is provided on one side of the adjusting plate 53, and a limit post 532 is provided above the support plate 531. Two sets of adjusting components 8 are provided and arranged side by side. The adjusting components 8 include a limit frame 81 connected to the inner side of the tool holder 1. A trapezoidal limit plate 82 is provided at the lower end of the limit frame 81. The two limit plates 82 are arranged symmetrically at the center. A positioning groove 821 adapted to the limit rod is opened in the limit plate 82. Specifically, after the shifting drive device 5 drives the blade holder 3 and the tearing blade 4 to shift positions, the hydraulic cylinder 7 continues to operate, driving the moving frame 52 to move backward. Once the limiting post 532 contacts and abuts against the inclined surface of the limiting plate 82, under the action of the sliding groove 521, the adjusting plate 53 and the rack 54 move longitudinally along the limiting slide 51 and also move outward along the inclined side of the limiting plate 82 until the limiting post 532 is engaged in the positioning groove 821, and the rack 54 is fully engaged. Regarding the separation from the vertical plane of the gear plate 6, it needs further explanation: during the process of the rack 54 disengaging from the gear plate 6, especially when the limiting post 532 just contacts the rear limiting plate 82, the front end of the rack 54 has completely disengaged from the gear plate 6. This ensures smooth operation during subsequent movement and avoids motion interference. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is controlled to drive the moving frame 52 to reset. Based on the above description, after the limiting post 532 contacts the front limiting plate 82, the adjusting plate 53 and the rack 5... 4. Gradually move back to the vertical plane corresponding to the rack 54. It should be further explained that during the reset process of the rack 54, especially when the limiting post 532 just contacts the limiting plate 82 in front, the rear end of the rack 54 does not contact the gear plate 6. In the subsequent process of moving towards the plane where the gear plate 6 is located, the rack 54 does not contact the gear plate 6. Until the hydraulic cylinder drives the moving frame 52 to move in the horizontal direction, the rack 54 meshes with the gear plate 6 to ensure the effective performance of the repositioning work.

[0027] To ensure the positioning mechanism 9 has good kinetic energy and thus guarantees the overall stability of the tearing knife 4, the positioning mechanism 9 includes a ratchet 91 mounted on the rotating shaft 21 and located between the mounting plate 22 and the gear plate 6. A mounting block 92 is provided on the inner side of the knife holder 1 near the ratchet 91. A telescopic rod 93 is installed within the mounting block 92. Specifically, the telescopic rod 93 can move and retract relative to the mounting block 92, and a retaining spring is provided at the lower end of the telescopic rod 93 within the mounting block 92 to provide effective retaining force, thereby ensuring the locking effect between it and the ratchet 91. Of course, as the ratchet 91 rotates with the shifting drive device 5, it can rotate and adjust accordingly to the installation of the telescopic rod 93 until the end of the telescopic rod 93 abuts against the ratchet 91. The device is highly practical and fully guarantees the usage requirements.

[0028] To improve the rationality of the device design, the end face of the telescopic rod 93 is designed with an inclined surface and is adapted to the ratchet 91. The inclined end face of the telescopic rod 93 abuts against the ratchet 91, that is, the locking direction between the telescopic rod 93 and the ratchet 91 is adapted to the direction of rotation of the cutter disc 3 and the tearing blade 4 during construction. The cooperation between the former can limit the rotation component 2 to a certain extent, prevent it from shaking randomly during construction and affecting the work process, ensure stability, and have strong functionality.

[0029] In order to effectively complete the installation of the equipment components, a mounting plate 10 is provided below the cutter head 1. The mounting plate 10 has a mounting groove 101, which is designed in a dovetail shape so that the cutter head 1 assembly can be installed on the tunnel boring machine, ensuring the stability of the connection between the various equipment components and guaranteeing the production and processing needs.

[0030] To ensure the device has good protection and reduce the possibility of damage to internal components, a cover plate 11 is installed on the tool holder 1 above the rotating assembly 2. Protective plates 12 are installed on both sides of the cover plate 11. The cover plate 11 is connected to the tool holder 1 with connecting bolts, which provides good protection for the rotating assembly 2 and ensures the smoothness of the tearing knife 4 during the tool changing process. The protective plates 12 are also connected to the upper end face of the tool holder 1 and the side end face of the cover plate 11 with bolts respectively. Their functions are twofold: first, to cooperate with the tool holder 1 to provide a convenient installation position for the changing drive device 5 and the positioning mechanism 9; and second, to provide protection for the above-mentioned equipment components, reduce the possibility of damage, and effectively meet the usage requirements.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool shifting mechanism for a post-cutting tearing tool, comprising a tool holder, characterized in that, The tool holder is equipped with a rotating assembly, which includes a rotating shaft. A mounting plate is located on the outer periphery of one side of the rotating shaft. A tool holder is located on the outer periphery at the geometric center of the rotating assembly, and a tearing blade is located on the outer periphery of the tool holder. A shifting drive device is located on both sides of the tool holder. The shifting drive device includes a limiting slide bar, within which a moving frame is located. A sliding groove is formed within the moving frame, and an adjusting plate is located within the sliding groove. A rack is located above the adjusting plate. A geared disc is located at the end of the rotating shaft. The tool holder also includes a mechanism for driving the movement. The hydraulic cylinder for longitudinal movement adjustment of the tool holder; an adjustment component is provided above the shifting drive device; a positioning mechanism for limiting the opposing tool disc is provided inside the tool holder near the rotating shaft; a support plate is provided on one side of the adjustment plate; a limit post is provided above the support plate; two sets of adjustment components are provided and arranged side by side; the adjustment component includes a limit frame connected to the inner side of the tool holder; a limit plate with a trapezoidal design is provided at the lower end of the limit frame; the two limit plates are arranged symmetrically at the center; and a positioning groove adapted to the limit rod is opened in the limit plate.

2. The shifting mechanism for a post-cutting tearing tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism includes a ratchet mounted on a rotating shaft and located between the mounting plate and the gear plate. A mounting block is provided on the inner side of the tool holder below the ratchet, and a telescopic rod is provided inside the mounting block.

3. The shifting mechanism for a post-cutting tearing tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end face of the telescopic rod is designed with a bevel shape and is adapted to the ratchet.

4. The shifting mechanism for a post-cutting tearing tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, A mounting plate is provided below the tool holder, and a mounting groove is provided in the mounting plate.

5. The shifting mechanism for a post-cutting tearing tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, A cover plate is provided on the tool holder located above the rotating assembly, and protective plates are provided on both sides of the cover plate.

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