Damping device, tower, and wind power plant

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and discloses a damping device, a tower drum and a wind power generation equipment, the damping device comprises a plurality of damping assemblies arranged along the circumference of the tower drum, each damping assembly comprises: a moving block, which can move along the circumference of the tower drum; an elastic member, one end of which is connected with the moving block and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the tower drum, the stretching direction of the elastic member continuously changes with the movement of the moving block; a damping structure is arranged between the moving block and the tower drum, in the present application, the stretching direction of the elastic member in each damping assembly continuously changes with the movement of the moving block, the elastic member can form a nonlinear energy sink together with the moving block and the damping structure, so that a single damping assembly has a wider damping frequency band, when the stiffness of the tower drum changes and the vibration frequency changes, the damping assembly can still effectively dampen, and the vibration generated by the tower drum in the horizontal plane is damped by the corresponding damping assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically to vibration reduction devices, towers, and wind power generation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Vibration damping systems are a crucial component of wind turbine units. They reduce damage to components caused by wind and mechanical vibrations, lower operational risks, and extend the lifespan of parts in wind power equipment. With the increasing size of wind turbine units and the continuous development of offshore wind turbine technology, the height of wind turbine units has also increased. Consequently, the excitation loads generated by random wind, waves, ocean currents, and imbalances in transmission components have become more complex, making wind-induced vibration problems in wind turbine units increasingly prominent.

[0003] Currently, vibration damping devices for existing wind turbines are usually installed in the nacelle or tower. Traditional vibration damping devices are mostly linear, which have a single degree of freedom and a narrow effective control frequency band. Once the stiffness of the wind turbine degrades, causing its own vibration frequency band to change, the vibration damping device will have a high risk of failure. Therefore, existing vibration damping devices also have the problem of poor vibration damping reliability and easy failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vibration damping device, a tower, and a wind power generation equipment to solve the problem of poor vibration damping reliability and easy failure of existing vibration damping devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vibration damping device applied to wind power generation equipment. The wind power generation equipment includes a tower formed by connecting multiple tower sections. The vibration damping device includes multiple vibration damping components arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower. Each vibration damping component includes: a movable block adapted to be disposed on the inner side of the tower, the movable block being movable along the circumference of the tower; an elastic member having one end connected to the movable block and the other end connected to the inner wall of the tower, the elastic member being adapted to stretch as the movable block moves, the stretching direction of the elastic member continuously changing as the movable block moves; and a damping structure disposed between the movable block and the tower, the damping structure being adapted to impede the movement of the movable block.

[0006] Beneficial effects: Since the tensile direction of the elastic element in each vibration damping component changes continuously with the movement of the moving block, the elastic element has a nonlinear stiffness effect. The elastic element, together with the moving block and the damping structure, can form a nonlinear energy trap, giving a single vibration damping component a wider damping frequency band. When the stiffness of the tower changes and the vibration frequency changes, the vibration damping component can still effectively dampen the vibration, resulting in better robustness. At the same time, since multiple vibration damping components are arranged circumferentially inside the tower, the vibration generated by the tower in the horizontal plane is damped by the corresponding vibration damping component, effectively solving the problem of poor vibration damping reliability and easy failure of existing vibration damping devices.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, each vibration damping component further includes a guide structure disposed on the inner wall of the tower, the guide structure extending circumferentially along the tower, and a movable block movably disposed on the guide structure.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The simple structure effectively improves the reliability of the moving block during movement.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, two adjacent tower sections are connected by a flange structure, which forms a guide structure.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The existing flange structure between tower sections can be creatively used as a guide structure. The guide structure is simple and ingenious, which greatly improves the effective utilization rate of the structure on the tower section. At the same time, there is no need to set up a separate guide structure, which further reduces the complexity of each vibration damping component.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the flange structure are respectively provided with guide grooves, and the moving block includes a vertical section and transverse sections provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical section. The transverse sections are provided with mating parts that cooperate with the corresponding guide grooves.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Stable and reliable movement can be achieved by the mating parts on the moving block cooperating with the corresponding guide grooves, and the overall form is simple and reliable.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the damping structure is an eddy current damping structure, and there is a receiving space between the guide structure and the moving block, with the damping structure disposed in the receiving space.

[0014] Beneficial effects: This type of damping can generate damping without direct contact during the movement of the moving block. It is easy to start and is not affected by temperature. The overall damping contribution is stable. At the same time, compared with the hydraulic damping structure, there is no risk of leakage, and it is easier to maintain later.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the damping structure includes a magnetic element and a conductor plate spaced apart, the conductor plate being disposed on the guide structure and extending in the same direction as the guide structure, and the magnetic element being disposed on the moving block.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The magnetic component moves relative to the conductor plate as the moving block moves, and the conductor plate continuously cuts the magnetic field lines to generate eddy currents, thereby dissipating vibration energy. The form is simple and ingenious.

[0017] In one optional implementation, there are multiple elastic elements, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the moving block.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The symmetrical arrangement of elastic elements ensures that the restoring force on the moving block is uniform, preventing excessive local stress and continuous friction, which would lead to excessive local wear and premature failure, and effectively extending the service life of the moving block.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the elastic element is a spring, and / or the inner wall of the tower is provided with a connecting seat, through which the elastic element is fixedly connected to the tower.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The elastic element is simple and reliable, and can be stably and reliably connected to the inner wall of the tower through the connecting seat.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention also provides a tower, comprising: a plurality of tower sections connected in sequence; and at least one of the above-mentioned vibration damping devices disposed on the inner wall of the tower section.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By installing a vibration damping device on the inner wall of the tower section, multi-degree-of-freedom vibration damping in the horizontal plane can be achieved. The nonlinear stiffness effect is achieved by using an elastic element that is perpendicular to the displacement direction of the moving block in the initial state. This improves the vibration damping frequency range of the device, enhances robustness, and overcomes problems such as stiffness degradation of wind power generation equipment and deviations between the design frequency and the measured frequency.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a wind power generation device, which includes: the vibration damping device described above, or the tower described above. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vibration damping device after installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the vibration damping device shown;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the vibration damping device after installation.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the vibration damping device shown;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide structure of another vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide structure of another vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Moving block; 2. Elastic component; 201. Connecting seat; 3. Damping structure; 301. Magnetic component; 302. Conductor plate; 4. Guide structure; 401. Guide groove; 5. Tower section; 501. Flange structure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vibration damping device is provided for use in a wind power generation device. The wind power generation device includes a tower formed by connecting multiple tower sections 5. The vibration damping device includes multiple vibration damping components arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tower. Each vibration damping component includes: a movable block 1, an elastic element 2, and a damping structure 3. The movable block 1 is adapted to be disposed on the inner side of the tower and can move along the circumference of the tower. One end of the elastic element 2 is connected to the movable block 1 and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the tower. The elastic element 2 is adapted to be stretched as the movable block 1 moves, and the stretching direction of the elastic element 2 changes continuously as the movable block 1 moves. The damping structure 3 is disposed between the movable block 1 and the tower and is adapted to impede the movement of the movable block 1.

[0036] The vibration damping device of this embodiment has a nonlinear stiffness effect because the stretching direction of the elastic element 2 in each vibration damping component changes continuously with the movement of the moving block 1. The elastic element 2 can form a nonlinear energy trap together with the moving block 1 and the damping structure 3, so that a single vibration damping component has a wider vibration damping frequency band. When the stiffness of the tower changes and the vibration frequency changes, the vibration damping component can still effectively dampen the vibration, and the robustness is better. At the same time, since multiple vibration damping components are arranged circumferentially inside the tower, the vibration generated by the tower in the horizontal plane is damped by the corresponding vibration damping component, which effectively solves the problem of poor vibration damping reliability and easy failure of the existing vibration damping device.

[0037] Specifically, in related technologies, vibration damping devices are usually independent units. In order to ensure the vibration damping effect, vibration damping devices are usually large in size and heavy in weight. When installing vibration damping devices, they need to occupy a large space near the center inside the wind power generation equipment, and at the same time, they will bring a large additional load to the equipment. Not only is the manufacturing process complicated, but the installation is also difficult, the engineering operation is complicated, and the cost is high.

[0038] The vibration damping device in this embodiment uses multiple vibration damping components arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the tower to dampen vibration together. The vibration damping components have fewer parts and a simple structure. They only need to occupy the space near the inner wall of the tower to complete the installation. They are easy to manufacture and install, which greatly reduces the amount of space occupied inside the wind power generation equipment and effectively improves the space utilization rate inside the wind power generation equipment.

[0039] Furthermore, in related technologies, when applying nonlinear energy trap dampers, it is usually necessary to set up a horizontal platform inside the tower and place a large damper device at the platform location. In order to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom vibration reduction in the horizontal plane, a yaw system needs to be set up at the bottom of the damper device.

[0040] The vibration reduction device in this solution utilizes the structural characteristics of the tower. Multiple vibration reduction components are arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the tower. Since the trajectory of the moving block 1 is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the tower, the vibration of the tower at any angle in the horizontal plane is reduced by the corresponding vibration reduction components, thereby realizing multi-degree-of-freedom vibration reduction. There is no need to set up a yaw system, which greatly improves the simplicity of the device.

[0041] Additionally, it should be noted that it can be deployed at multiple heights simultaneously, and is effective for any tower tube vibration mode.

[0042] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the wind power generation equipment vibrates, the moving block 1 moves along with it. The tensile direction of the elastic element 2 changes continuously with the movement of the moving block 1. The restoring force that the elastic element 2 provides to the moving block 1 as the tensile length changes can be approximately described by the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] Where F is the restoring force, k is the elastic coefficient of elastic element 2, L is the original length of elastic element 2, and u is the displacement of moving block 1 relative to the equilibrium position. From this formula, it can be concluded that the restoring force of elastic element 2 is proportional to the cube of the displacement of moving block 1 relative to the equilibrium position. The variation law of the restoring force is nonlinear, and it has nonlinear stiffness. Therefore, it can be applied to a wide range of vibration reduction frequency bands.

[0045] In this embodiment, each vibration damping component also includes a guide structure 4 disposed on the inner wall of the tower. The guide structure 4 extends along the circumference of the tower. The moving block 1 is movably disposed on the guide structure 4. The reliability of the moving block 1 during the movement process is effectively improved through the simple structure.

[0046] It is understandable that, as an alternative implementation, the guide structure 4 may not be provided, and the moving block 1 may move directly along the axial ribs or flanges of the inner wall of the tower.

[0047] Specifically, there are no restrictions on the way the movable block 1 and the guide structure 4 cooperate. It can be a sliding fit, a rolling fit through rollers or embedded balls, etc., as long as it can move smoothly. There are no restrictions on the state of the contact surfaces when the guide structure 4 and the movable block 1 cooperate. Lubricant can be placed between the two contact surfaces, or the two contact surfaces can be specially treated to enhance their smoothness, etc.

[0048] Furthermore, the specific structural form of the guide structure 4 is not limited. It can be a ring-shaped guide plate, with the moving block 1 moving along the guide surface of the guide plate, or it can be an arc-shaped multi-segment guide rail, with each moving block 1 moving along the corresponding guide rail.

[0049] It should be noted that the inner wall of the tower refers to the inner wall surface and the surface of the structure set on the inner wall surface near the central axis of the tower, and does not only refer to the inner wall surface of the tower.

[0050] In this embodiment, two adjacent tower sections 5 are connected by a flange structure 501, which forms a guide structure 4. The flange structure 501 existing between the tower sections 5 can be used directly as the guide structure 4. The guide structure 4 is simple and ingenious, which greatly improves the effective utilization rate of the structure on the tower section 5. At the same time, there is no need to set up a separate guide structure 4, which further reduces the complexity of each vibration damping component.

[0051] Specifically, since the flange structure at the end of tower section 5 has high strength, it is directly used as guide structure 4, which not only improves the moving reliability of moving block 1, but also makes it less prone to damage.

[0052] In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the flange structure 501 are respectively provided with guide grooves 401. The moving block 1 includes a vertical section and a transverse section provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical section. The transverse section is provided with a mating part that cooperates with the corresponding guide groove 401. The mating part on the moving block 1 can achieve stable and reliable movement by cooperating with the corresponding guide groove 401. The overall form is simple and reliable.

[0053] It is understood that the form in which the movable block 1 mates with the flange structure 501 is not limited; as an alternative implementation method, refer to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can also be like Figure 5 As shown, an additional slide rail assembly is installed at the mating surface of flange structure 501 to form guide structure 4, or as follows: Figure 5 As shown, an additional slide rail assembly is welded to the inner wall of flange structure 501 to form guide structure 4.

[0054] The transverse segment refers to the segment along... Figure 4 The paragraphs extending in the "horizontal" direction indicated by the middle arrow, and the vertical paragraphs refer to those extending along... Figure 4 The paragraphs extending in the "vertical" direction indicated by the middle arrow are the horizontal paragraphs, which are those in the horizontal plane.

[0055] In this embodiment, the damping structure 3 is an eddy current damping structure 3. There is a receiving space between the guide structure 4 and the moving block 1. The damping structure 3 is set in the receiving space. This type of damping can generate damping without direct contact during the movement of the moving block 1. It is easy to start and is not affected by temperature. The overall damping contribution is stable. At the same time, compared with the hydraulic damping structure, there is no risk of leakage and it is easier to maintain later.

[0056] In this embodiment, the damping structure 3 includes a magnetic element 301 and a conductor plate 302 arranged at intervals. The conductor plate 302 is disposed on the guide structure 4 and extends in the same direction as the guide structure 4. The magnetic element 301 is disposed on the moving block 1. The magnetic element 301 moves relative to the conductor plate 302 with the moving block 1. The conductor plate 302 continuously cuts the magnetic field lines to generate eddy currents, thereby achieving the effect of dissipating vibration energy. The form is simple and ingenious.

[0057] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic component 301 is fixedly disposed on the side of the vertical section of the movable block 1 near the flange structure 501, and the conductor plate 302 is fixedly disposed on the side of the flange structure 501 near the vertical section, with a gap between the two.

[0058] Furthermore, the magnitude of the damping force of the damping structure 3 is not limited. The damping force can be adjusted by changing the distance between the magnetic component 301 and the conductor plate 302 by adjusting the geometry of the moving block 1. The damping force of the damping structure 3 can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario to achieve the optimal damping ratio.

[0059] In this embodiment, there are multiple elastic elements 2, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the moving block 1. The symmetrical arrangement of the elastic elements 2 ensures that the restoring force on the moving block 1 is uniform, preventing excessive local force and continuous friction, which would lead to excessive local wear and premature failure, and effectively extending the service life of the moving block 1.

[0060] In this embodiment, the number of vibration damping components is even and greater than or equal to four. Multiple vibration damping components are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the tower. This arrangement of vibration damping components makes the circumferential load of the tower more uniform. At the same time, the vibration of the tower in any direction in the horizontal plane is damped by two or more symmetrical vibration damping components, which effectively improves the uniformity and reliability of vibration damping.

[0061] It is understandable that, as an alternative implementation, the number of vibration damping components can also be odd and less than four. In this arrangement, the load distribution and vibration damping process are more complex.

[0062] In this embodiment, the elastic element 2 is a spring, and / or the inner wall of the tower is provided with a connecting seat 201. The elastic element 2 is fixedly connected to the tower through the connecting seat 201. The elastic element is simple and reliable. The connecting seat 201 can stably and reliably connect the elastic element 2 to the inner wall of the tower.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the spring is in its initial state, its extension direction is perpendicular to the displacement direction of the moving block 1. Its stiffness can be adjusted by adjusting parameters such as the initial length, wire diameter, and outer diameter of the spring. There is no limitation on the stiffness parameters of the spring, and they can be selected according to the specifications and dimensions of the wind power generation equipment, the usage environment, and the vibration conditions.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a tower is provided, comprising: a plurality of tower sections and at least one of the above-described vibration damping devices, wherein the plurality of tower sections are connected in sequence and the at least one vibration damping device is disposed on the inner wall of the tower section.

[0065] The tower of this embodiment is equipped with a vibration damping device on the inner wall of the tower section, which can realize multi-degree-of-freedom vibration damping in the horizontal plane. The elastic element 2, which is perpendicular to the displacement direction of the moving block 1 in the initial state, achieves nonlinear stiffness effect, improves the vibration damping frequency band range of the vibration damping device, enhances robustness, and overcomes problems such as stiffness degradation of wind power generation equipment and deviation between design frequency and measured frequency.

[0066] Meanwhile, since the device can be placed at any flange location for vibration reduction, the vibration mode can be considered in the design stage to set the flange position, thereby achieving the best control effect for any vibration mode of the tower, providing a new means for controlling the vibration of the wind turbine unit in the design stage.

[0067] There is no limit to the number of vibration damping devices installed in the tower. Since the vibration damping devices have a wide damping frequency range, they can be applied to different heights of the tower, and the number can be selected according to the requirements.

[0068] Specifically, the vibration of wind power generation equipment in the horizontal axis is composed of multiple vibration modes. For different vibration modes, the vibration reduction device is preferably arranged at the position of maximum displacement of the corresponding mode. For example, the position of maximum first-order vibration occurs at the top of the tower, and the position of maximum second-order vibration is approximately near the upper middle part of the tower. The closer the vibration reduction device is to the position of maximum displacement, the better its vibration reduction effect, that is, the greater the energy consumed per unit time.

[0069] Furthermore, since the vibration damping device requires flange face to provide arrangement space, for the second-order maximum modal displacement that occurs at the upper height of the tower, the position of the maximum modal displacement can be considered in advance during the design stage, and the tower section 5 can be set at this position to achieve optimal vibration control. This is equivalent to introducing a new means to increase the tower damping ratio during the design stage, and it can be freely adjusted.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a wind power generation device is provided, which includes: the vibration damping device described above, or the tower described above.

[0071] In this embodiment, the wind power generation equipment also includes necessary power generation components, which can be installed at any position on the tower, such as the top or middle.

[0072] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device applied to wind power generation equipment, the wind power generation equipment comprising a tower tube formed by connecting multiple tower sections (5), characterized in that, The vibration damping device includes a plurality of vibration damping components arranged at circumferential intervals along the tower, each of the vibration damping components comprising: A movable block (1) is adapted to be disposed on the inner side of the tower, and the movable block (1) can move along the circumference of the tower; The elastic element (2) is connected at one end to the moving block (1) and at the other end to the inner wall of the tower. The elastic element (2) is adapted to stretch as the moving block (1) moves. The stretching direction of the elastic element (2) changes continuously as the moving block (1) moves. A damping structure (3) is disposed between the moving block (1) and the tower, and the damping structure (3) is adapted to impede the movement of the moving block (1); The damping structure (3) is an eddy current damping structure (3), and there is a receiving space between the guide structure (4) and the moving block (1). The damping structure (3) is disposed in the receiving space. Each of the vibration damping components also includes a guide structure (4) disposed on the inner wall of the tower, the guide structure (4) extending circumferentially along the tower, and the moving block (1) being movably disposed on the guide structure (4). The damping structure (3) includes a magnetic element (301) and a conductor plate (302) arranged at intervals. The conductor plate (302) is disposed on the guide structure (4) and extends in the same direction as the guide structure (4). The magnetic element (301) is disposed on the moving block (1). The restoring force exerted by the elastic element (2) on the moving block (1) as the stretching length changes can be approximately described by the following formula: Where F is the restoring force, k is the elastic coefficient of the elastic element (2), L is the original length of the elastic element (2), and u is the displacement of the moving block (1) relative to the equilibrium position.

2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent tower sections (5) are connected by a flange structure (501), which forms the guide structure (4).

3. The vibration damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the flange structure (501) are respectively provided with guide grooves (401). The moving block (1) includes a vertical section and a transverse section provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical section. The transverse section is provided with a mating part that mates with the corresponding guide groove (401).

4. The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of elastic elements (2) is multiple, and the multiple elastic elements (2) are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the moving block (1).

5. The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The elastic element (2) is a spring. And / or, the inner wall of the tower is provided with a connecting seat (201), and the elastic element (2) is fixedly connected to the tower through the connecting seat (201).

6. A tower, characterized in that, include: Multiple tower sections, which are connected sequentially; At least one vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is disposed on the inner wall of the tower section.

7. A wind power generation device, characterized in that, include: The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the tower according to claim 6.

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