A fuel nuclear energy chemical energy plasma reforming combined combustor

Abstract

The application provides a fuel nuclear energy chemical energy plasma reforming combined combustor and relates to the technical field of combustors.The combustor comprises a combustor shell and a combustor inner cylinder, the combustor inner cylinder is provided with a two-stage plasma assembly, and the combustor inner cylinder is provided with a one-stage plasma generator electrode assembly; the inside of the combustor inner cylinder is a fuel reforming cavity; the combustor inner cylinder is provided with a fuel distribution box, a water vapor generation box and a water vapor distribution box, a plurality of oil injection holes for connecting the fuel distribution box and the fuel reforming cavity are arranged on the side wall of the combustor inner cylinder, and steam injection holes are arranged on the side wall of the combustor inner cylinder.The one-stage non-thermal plasma partially oxidizes a fuel and a water vapor gasification medium to reform a synthesis gas, and the two-stage plasma is combined to combust, which is equivalent to two-stage limited nuclear energy release, so that the fuel pollution is reduced, the fuel is saved, and energy saving and emission reduction are simultaneously achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of burner technology, and more specifically, to a fuel-fired nuclear energy-chemical energy-plasma reforming composite burner. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, air pollution caused by the adverse effects of increased fuel exhaust emissions on the environment and human health has attracted significant attention. Hydrocarbon fuel reforming is a candidate technology for reducing fuel pollutant emissions. This technology involves the reaction of fuel with oxygen or water, or a combination of both as oxidants. The main intermediate product is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with variable component ratios, called syngas or reforming products. In this regard, using fuel reforming can significantly reduce NOx and soot emissions from combustion.

[0003] In fuel reforming applications, plasma systems can serve as an effective external heat source. Due to the high energy density generated by plasma, plasma control designs enable rapid ohmic heating of gaseous fuel-air-steam mixtures to high temperatures. These high temperatures then lead to ionization of the gas mixture components. These plasma phenomena increase reaction rates, resulting in faster response times, a wider variety of processable fuels, and a smaller reactor size required for efficient reforming. In a simplified form, there are two main sets of charged species in an ionized plasma medium: heavy species (radicals, atoms, molecules, and ions) and electrons. In most types of plasma systems, the dominant macroscopic physical parameter of all these species, namely temperature, is equal, thus maintaining thermodynamic equilibrium in the system. This type of plasma is called thermal (equilibrium) plasma. However, the high energy consumption and short electrode lifetime of thermal plasmas hinder their application in fuel reforming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-energy plasma reforming composite burner, which addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by organically combining fuel-fired plasma catalytic reforming with nuclear-chemical-energy plasma composite combustion technology. Through a first-stage non-thermal plasma partial oxidation of fuel-fired water vapor gasification medium and its reforming into gas, followed by a second-stage plasma composite combustion, it is equivalent to two stages of limited nuclear energy release. This reduces fuel pollution, saves fuel, and simultaneously achieves energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] This application provides a fuel-fired nuclear energy-chemical energy-plasma reforming composite burner, including a burner shell and a burner inner cylinder fixed inside the burner shell. One end of the burner inner cylinder is provided with a reforming gas injection outlet, and a secondary plasma assembly is provided at the reforming gas injection outlet. The other end of the burner inner cylinder is provided with a primary plasma generator electrode assembly.

[0007] The inner cylinder of the burner is a fuel reforming chamber, and the reforming gas injection outlet is connected to the fuel reforming chamber. The outer wall of the inner cylinder of the burner is equipped with a fuel distribution box, a steam generation box and a steam distribution box. The fuel distribution box is connected to a fuel inlet pipe. The steam generation box is connected to a water inlet pipe. The steam generation box and the steam distribution box are connected by a steam delivery pipe.

[0008] The inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with multiple oil injection holes that connect the fuel distribution box and the fuel reforming chamber, and the inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with multiple steam injection holes that connect the steam distribution box and the fuel reforming chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, an air preheating cavity is formed between the inner wall of the burner housing and the outer wall of the burner inner cylinder, and the burner housing is provided with an air inlet pipe communicating with the air preheating cavity.

[0010] One end of the burner housing is provided with an air nozzle that communicates with its interior, and the reforming gas injection outlet is located at the air nozzle; the air nozzle is provided with multiple air injection holes that communicate with the air preheating chamber and the external space.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inner cylinder of the burner is provided with a first air inlet hole that connects the reforming gas outlet and the air preheating chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with a plurality of second air injection holes that connect the air preheating chamber and the fuel reforming chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second air inlet, the steam generator box, the steam distribution box, and the fuel distribution box are arranged sequentially from the reformer gas outlet toward the primary plasma generator electrode assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned secondary plasma assembly includes a plurality of antioxidant metal electrode heads located inside the reforming gas injection outlet. Each antioxidant metal electrode head is provided with an electrode connecting rod. An insulating ceramic column is sleeved on the outer wall of the electrode connecting rod. The insulating ceramic column is provided with a metal mounting ring, which is located in the inner cylinder of the burner.

[0015] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned primary plasma generator electrode assembly includes an insulating electrode seat disposed in the inner cylinder of the burner, a limiting ceramic sleeve disposed in the insulating electrode seat, and an ignition electrode rod passing through the limiting ceramic sleeve. The ignition electrode rod is provided with a blade-shaped electrode. The blade-shaped electrode is located in the fuel reforming chamber, and the blade-shaped electrode and the ignition electrode rod are in one-to-one correspondence and the number of each is an integer multiple of 3.

[0016] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned insulating electrode holder is provided with an observation hole communicating with the fuel reforming chamber, and the insulating electrode holder is provided with a sight glass tube at the observation hole; it also includes a sight glass union sleeve and a heat-resistant glass lens, the sight glass union sleeve is threadedly connected to the sight glass tube, and the heat-resistant glass lens is snapped between the sight glass union sleeve and the sight glass tube.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] By organically combining fuel plasma catalytic reforming with nuclear chemical energy plasma composite combustion technology, the first-stage non-thermal plasma partially oxidizes the fuel water vapor gasification medium into gas, and the second-stage plasma composite combustion is equivalent to two stages of limited nuclear energy release. This reduces fuel pollution, saves fuel, and achieves energy conservation and emission reduction at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the reforming composite burner provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reforming composite burner provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a reforming composite burner provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the burner inner cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the burner housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the burner inner cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the burner inner cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary plasma generator electrode assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 A partial cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of a primary plasma generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary plasma assembly installed at the reforming gas nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a secondary plasma assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Icons: 1-Burner housing; 2-Burner inner cylinder; 3-Reformed gas injection outlet; 4-Air preheating chamber; 5-Fuel reforming chamber; 6-Fuel distribution box; 7-Steam generator box; 8-Steam distribution box; 9-Fuel inlet pipe; 10-Water inlet pipe; 11-Steam delivery pipe; 12-Injection hole; 13-Steam injection hole; 14-Air nozzle; 15-Air outlet hole; 16-Air inlet pipe; 17-First air injection hole; 18-Second air injection hole; 19-Antioxidant metal electrode head; 20-Electrode connecting rod; 21-Insulating ceramic column; 22-Metal mounting ring; 23-Electrode wire lead-out end cap; 24-Insulating electrode seat; 25-Limiting ceramic sleeve; 26-Ignition electrode rod; 27-Knife-shaped electrode; 28-Observation hole; 29-Sight glass tube; 30-Sight glass union sleeve; 31-Heat-resistant glass lens; 32-Locking bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Example

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-13 This embodiment provides a fuel-fired nuclear energy-chemical energy-plasma reforming composite burner, including a burner shell 1 and a burner inner cylinder 2 fixed inside the burner shell 1. One end of the burner inner cylinder 2 is provided with a reforming gas injection outlet 3. The burner inner cylinder 2 is provided with a secondary plasma assembly at the reforming gas injection outlet 3. The other end of the burner inner cylinder 2 is provided with a primary plasma generator electrode assembly.

[0037] The burner inner cylinder 2 contains a fuel reforming chamber 5, which is used to introduce fuel for reforming. The primary plasma generator electrode assembly is used for ignition after the fuel is introduced. The reformed gas injection outlet 3 is connected to the fuel reforming chamber 5. The outer wall of the burner inner cylinder 2 is equipped with a fuel distribution box 6, a steam generation box 7, and a steam distribution box 8. The fuel distribution box 6 is connected to a fuel inlet pipe 9. The steam generation box 7 is connected to a water inlet pipe 10. The steam generation box 7 and the steam distribution box 8 are connected by a steam delivery pipe 11. The water inlet pipe 10 is used to deliver water into the steam generation box 7. The water in the steam generation box 7 is heated into steam and then delivered into the steam distribution box 8 through the steam delivery pipe 11.

[0038] The inner wall of the burner cylinder 2 is provided with multiple fuel injection holes 12 that connect the fuel distribution box 6 and the fuel reforming chamber 5. The fuel in the fuel distribution box 6 is injected into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through each fuel injection hole 12 for reforming.

[0039] The inner wall of the burner cylinder 2 is provided with multiple steam injection holes 13 that connect the steam distribution box 8 and the fuel reforming chamber 5. Steam is delivered from the steam distribution box 8 into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the steam injection holes 13, thus providing a vaporizing agent for fuel reforming.

[0040] An air preheating chamber 4 is formed between the inner wall of the burner housing 1 and the outer wall of the burner inner cylinder 2. The burner housing 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 16 that communicates with the air preheating chamber 4. The air inlet pipe 16 is used to deliver air into the air preheating chamber 4. After the fuel is burned, it will heat the air in the air preheating chamber 4.

[0041] One end of the burner housing 1 is provided with an air nozzle 14 communicating with its interior, and the reforming gas injection outlet 3 is located at the air nozzle 14; the air nozzle 14 is provided with multiple air outlet holes 15 communicating with the air preheating chamber 4 and the external space. The burner inner cylinder 2 is provided with a first air inlet hole 17 communicating with the reforming gas injection outlet 3 and the air preheating chamber 4.

[0042] A portion of the air in the air preheating chamber 4 is ejected through the air ejection hole 15, and a portion of the air is injected into the reforming gas injection outlet 3 through the first air injection hole 17, which facilitates the combustion of fuel.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the burner cylinder 2 is provided with multiple second air injection holes 18 that connect the air preheating chamber 4 and the fuel reforming chamber 5. The preheated hot air in the air preheating chamber 4 is injected into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the second air injection holes 18 to provide oxidant for the fuel to complete partial oxidation.

[0044] From the reformer gas outlet 3 toward the primary plasma generator electrode assembly, the second air inlet 18, the steam generator 7, the steam distributor 8, and the fuel distributor 6 are arranged in sequence.

[0045] like Figures 1-13 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned secondary plasma assembly includes multiple antioxidant metal electrode heads 19 located inside the reformer gas injection outlet 3. The antioxidant metal electrode heads 19 are bullet-shaped, and each antioxidant metal electrode head 19 is provided with an electrode connecting rod 20. An insulating ceramic column 21 is sleeved on the outer wall of the electrode connecting rod 20, and the insulating ceramic column 21 is provided with a metal mounting ring 22, which is located within the burner inner cylinder 2. The distance d between the antioxidant metal electrode heads 19 is 1-10 mm, depending on the parameters of the external power supply. The number of antioxidant metal electrode heads 19 corresponds to the number of phases of the external power supply. An electrode wire lead-out end cap 23 is provided on the side wall of the burner housing 1, and the wires of the electrode connecting rod 20 pass through the electrode wire lead-out end cap 23 for connection.

[0046] like Figures 1-13 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned primary plasma generator electrode assembly includes an insulating electrode base 24 disposed in the burner inner cylinder 2, a limiting ceramic sleeve 25 disposed in the insulating electrode base 24, and an ignition electrode rod 26 passing through the limiting ceramic sleeve 25. The ignition electrode rod 26 is provided with a blade-shaped electrode 27. The blade-shaped electrode 27 is located in the fuel reforming chamber 5, and the blade-shaped electrode 27 corresponds one-to-one with the ignition electrode rod 26, and the number of each is an integer multiple of 3. The insulating electrode base 24, the burner inner cylinder 2, and the burner outer shell 1 can be fastened together by locking bolts 32.

[0047] In actual use, fuel is delivered into the fuel distribution box 6 through the fuel inlet pipe 9, and then injected into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the injection port 12. At the same time, the ignition electrode rod 26 of the primary plasma generator electrode assembly is energized, and air is delivered into the air preheating chamber 4 through the air inlet pipe 16. A portion of the preheated air is injected into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the second air injection port 18, providing an oxidant for the partial oxidation of the fuel.

[0048] Water is supplied to the steam generator 7 through the water inlet pipe 10. The water in the steam generator 7 is heated into steam and then transported to the steam distribution box 8 through the steam delivery pipe 11. The steam is injected into the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the steam injection hole 13 to provide a vaporizing agent for fuel reforming.

[0049] Driven by the catalytic cracking of the electrode assembly in the primary plasma generator, and under the combined action of the gasifying agent and the oxidizing agent, the reformed gas is ejected from the reformed gas nozzle 3 located at the top of the burner inner cylinder 2. The combustion of the reformed gas is facilitated by energizing the secondary plasma assembly located at the reformed gas nozzle 3.

[0050] This application organically combines fuel plasma catalytic reforming with nuclear chemical energy plasma composite combustion technology. Through the first-stage non-thermal plasma partial oxidation of fuel water vapor gasification medium into gas, and the second-stage plasma composite combustion, it is equivalent to two stages of limited nuclear energy release, which reduces fuel pollution, saves fuel, and achieves energy conservation and emission reduction at the same time.

[0051] The following is an example of a 60KW fuel oil, nuclear energy, chemical energy, and plasma reforming combined burner that can output approximately 70-75KW of heat:

[0052] Fuel oil (taking aviation kerosene as an example) is fed into the burner at a rate of 83 g / min. Simultaneously, water is fed in as a vaporizing agent at a rate of 5 g / min, and 160 L / min of primary oxidant (air) is fed in to partially oxidize the fuel. This ensures that the temperature in the fuel reforming chamber 5 is maintained at 650 ± 100°C. The primary 6-phase plasma supply power is 1.5 kW, the secondary 3-phase plasma supply power is 1.0 kW, and the total air supply is 11 M³. 3 / kg (fuel oil), the burner's calorific value can reach 70-75KW, saving 12.5-21% of fuel oil.

[0053] like Figures 1-13 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the insulating electrode holder 24 is provided with an observation hole 28 communicating with the fuel reforming chamber 5, and a sight glass tube 29 is provided on the insulating electrode holder 24 at the observation hole 28; it also includes a sight glass connecting sleeve 30 and a heat-resistant glass lens 31, the sight glass connecting sleeve 30 being threadedly connected to the sight glass tube 29, and the heat-resistant glass lens 31 being snapped between the sight glass connecting sleeve 30 and the sight glass tube 29. This facilitates observation of the interior of the fuel reforming chamber 5 through the heat-resistant glass lens 31.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present application.

[0055] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this application. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. Various modifications and variations of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A fuel-fired, nuclear-energy, chemical-energy, and plasma-reforming combined burner, characterized in that: The device includes a burner housing and a burner inner cylinder fixed inside the burner housing. One end of the burner inner cylinder is provided with a reforming gas injection outlet. A secondary plasma assembly is provided on the burner inner cylinder at the reforming gas injection outlet. A primary plasma generator electrode assembly is provided on the other end of the burner inner cylinder. The burner inner cylinder contains a fuel reforming chamber, and the reforming gas injection outlet is connected to the fuel reforming chamber. The outer wall of the burner inner cylinder is provided with a fuel distribution box, a steam generation box, and a steam distribution box. The fuel distribution box is connected to a fuel inlet pipe. The steam generation box is connected to a water inlet pipe. The steam generation box and the steam distribution box are connected by a steam delivery pipe. The inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with multiple fuel injection holes that connect the fuel distribution box and the fuel reforming chamber, and the inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with multiple steam injection holes that connect the steam distribution box and the fuel reforming chamber.

2. The fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air preheating cavity is formed between the inner wall of the burner housing and the outer wall of the burner inner cylinder, and the burner housing is provided with an air inlet pipe that communicates with the air preheating cavity; One end of the burner housing is provided with an air nozzle that communicates with its interior, and the reforming gas injection outlet is located at the air nozzle; the air nozzle is provided with multiple air injection holes that communicate with the air preheating chamber and the external space.

3. The fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The burner inner cylinder is provided with a first air injection hole that connects the reforming gas injection outlet and the air preheating chamber.

4. A fuel-fired nuclear energy-chemical energy-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the burner cylinder is provided with multiple second air injection holes that connect the air preheating chamber and the fuel reforming chamber.

5. A fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: From the reforming gas injection outlet toward the primary plasma generator electrode assembly, the second air injection port, the water vapor generating box, the water vapor distribution box, and the fuel distribution box are arranged in sequence.

6. A fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary plasma assembly includes multiple antioxidant metal electrode heads located inside the reforming gas injection outlet. Each antioxidant metal electrode head is provided with an electrode connecting rod. An insulating ceramic column is sleeved on the outer wall of the electrode connecting rod. The insulating ceramic column is provided with a metal mounting ring, which is located in the inner cylinder of the burner.

7. A fuel-fired nuclear-chemical-plasma reforming composite burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary plasma generator electrode assembly includes an insulating electrode seat disposed in the inner cylinder of the burner, a limiting ceramic sleeve disposed in the insulating electrode seat, and an ignition electrode rod passing through the limiting ceramic sleeve. The ignition electrode rod is provided with a blade-shaped electrode. The blade-shaped electrode is located in the fuel reforming chamber. The blade-shaped electrode and the ignition electrode rod are in one-to-one correspondence and the number of each is an integer multiple of 3.

8. A fuel oil, nuclear energy, chemical energy, and plasma reforming combined burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating electrode holder is provided with an observation hole communicating with the fuel reforming chamber, and the insulating electrode holder is provided with a sight glass tube at the observation hole; it also includes a sight glass union sleeve and a heat-resistant glass lens, the sight glass union sleeve is threadedly connected to the sight glass tube, and the heat-resistant glass lens is snapped between the sight glass union sleeve and the sight glass tube.

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