Energy-saving ventilation system for buildings

Abstract

The application relates to a building energy-saving ventilation system, which comprises a ventilation duct (1), a ring-shaped heat pipe (2), a cooling device (4) and a communication pipe (3), the communication pipe (3) is arranged in the ventilation duct (1) and located at the top of the ventilation duct (1), the ring-shaped heat pipe (2) comprises a first vertical pipe (2-1), an inclined pipe (2-2), a second vertical pipe (2-3) and a horizontal pipe (2-4) which are sequentially communicated, the inclined pipe (2-2) is provided with a communication port (2-5) near the upper end of the second vertical pipe, one end of the communication pipe (3) is communicated with the upper part of the first vertical pipe (2-1), the second end of the communication pipe (3) is communicated with the communication port (2-5), and the contact area of the communication pipe (3) with air is larger than the contact area of the horizontal pipe (2-4) with air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ventilation system, and more particularly to an energy-saving ventilation system for buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation systems are widely used in residential and public buildings, typically using natural or mechanical ventilation to bring outside air into the room. In hot summers, when outdoor temperatures are high, the hot outdoor air flows into the room during ventilation, raising the indoor temperature. When users feel uncomfortable, they turn on air conditioning to cool down, increasing the building's overall energy consumption. CN112556041A discloses a device that uses heat pipes to cool indoor temperatures, utilizing the exchange between warm indoor air and cool outdoor air. Its premise is that the outdoor temperature is low and the indoor temperature is high, but this is not suitable in summer. Secondly, inserting one end of the heat pipe directly into the air duct affects the airflow kinetic energy, requiring a fan to drive the flow of hot and cold air, essentially no different from air conditioning, and also consuming a large amount of electricity. The temperature control solution uses a temperature sensor linked to the fan, requiring additional sensors and control circuitry, as well as additional power supply, making the design complex. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an energy-saving ventilation system for buildings, comprising a ventilation duct, an annular heat pipe, a cooling device, and a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is arranged inside the ventilation duct and located at the top of the ventilation duct. The annular heat pipe includes a first vertical pipe, an inclined pipe, a second vertical pipe, and a horizontal pipe connected in sequence. The first vertical pipe, the horizontal pipe, and the second vertical pipe are located inside the ventilation duct, the horizontal pipe is located at the bottom of the ventilation duct, and the inclined pipe is located outside the ventilation duct and passes through the cooling device. Relative to the airflow direction within the ventilation duct, the first vertical pipe is located upstream of the second vertical pipe, and the connection between the inclined pipe and the first vertical pipe is higher than the connection between the inclined pipe and the second vertical pipe. The inclined pipe has a connecting port near its upper end of the second vertical pipe, and one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the upper part of the first vertical pipe. The second end of the connecting pipe is connected to the connecting port. The contact area between the connecting pipe and the air is greater than the contact area between the horizontal pipe and the air.

[0004] Furthermore, the outlet area of ​​the connection between the connecting pipe and the first vertical pipe gradually decreases.

[0005] Furthermore, one end of the connecting pipe extends into the first vertical pipe and communicates with it. The portion of the outlet area located inside the first vertical pipe gradually decreases, and the outlet faces upwards.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting pipe is composed of multiple pipes laid side by side, with the laying direction of the multiple pipes perpendicular to the direction of air flow, thereby forming an air guiding surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple tubes are wavy, and the air guiding surface is a wavy curved surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the crest of the wavy surface is basically flush with the top of the ventilation duct, and a phase change material is filled between the top of the ventilation duct and the wavy surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting pipe and the heat pipe contain a working medium, and the melting point of the phase change material is basically the same as the boiling point of the working medium.

[0010] Furthermore, the horizontal distance between adjacent crests or troughs of the wavy surface is L, and the vertical distance between crests and troughs is H. <L / H<15。

[0011] Furthermore, multiple heat exchange fins are installed on the connecting pipe and inserted into the phase change material.

[0012] Furthermore, the cooling device includes a heat exchange box filled with a heat exchange medium, and a building tap water supply pipeline passes through the heat exchange box.

[0013] This invention utilizes a ring-shaped heat pipe and a connecting pipe, with the connecting pipe positioned at the top of the ventilation duct and the main heat-receiving part of the ring-shaped heat pipe located at the bottom of the ventilation duct. This creates a significant heat exchange difference, leveraging natural convection to enhance airflow and promote heat exchange. Furthermore, it automatically forms different heat pipe loops based on varying air temperatures. Compared to existing technologies, this invention achieves automatic switching between different heat exchange modes based on air temperature, improving heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, it uses external cooling sources such as tap water pipes, eliminating the need for temperature sensors or other control circuits, resulting in a simple structure. Secondly, the corrugated connecting pipe reduces kinetic energy loss from airflow, decreasing reliance on fans and other equipment. This effectively conserves building energy consumption, especially during hot summer months. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the building ventilation system of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of one arrangement of the connecting pipe of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of one embodiment where the connecting pipe is connected to the first vertical pipe;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one configuration of the connecting tube of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention, showing the arrangement of phase change material between the upper wall of the connecting pipe and the ventilation duct.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0020] 1. Ventilation duct; 2. Annular heat pipe; 2-1. First vertical pipe; 2-2. Inclined pipe; 2-3. Second vertical pipe; 2-4. Horizontal pipe; 2-5. Connecting port; 3. Connecting pipe; 3-1. Heat exchange fins; 4. Cooling device; 4-1. Heat exchange box; 4-2. Heat exchange medium; 4-3. Tap water supply pipeline; 5. Phase change material. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. "Above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] See Figure 1 This invention provides a building ventilation system, including a ventilation duct 1, an annular heat pipe 2, a connecting pipe 3, and a cooling device 4. The annular heat pipe 2 includes a first vertical pipe 2-1, an inclined pipe 2-2, a second vertical pipe 2-3, and a horizontal pipe 2-4 connected in sequence. The first vertical pipe 2-1 and the second vertical pipe 2-3 are partially located inside the ventilation duct 1. The horizontal pipe 2-4 is located at the bottom of the ventilation duct 1. The inclined pipe 2-2 is located outside the ventilation duct 1 and passes through the cooling device 4. The connecting pipe 3 is arranged inside the ventilation duct 1 and located at the top of the ventilation duct 1. The two ends of the connecting pipe 3 are respectively connected to the first vertical pipe 2-1 and the inclined pipe 2-2. The annular heat pipe 2 and the connecting pipe 3 are filled with a working medium.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the height ratio of the first vertical pipe 2-1 to the second vertical pipe 2-3 is 1.2:1, and the inclination angle of the inclined pipe 2-2 is 15-30°.

[0026] exist Figure 1 In the middle, the air flows from the left to the right, so the left side is the upstream side and the right side is the downstream side. The first vertical pipe 2-1 is located upstream of the second vertical pipe 2-3, and the connection between the inclined pipe 2-2 and the first vertical pipe 2-1 is higher than the connection between the inclined pipe 2-2 and the second vertical pipe 2-3.

[0027] The inclined pipe 2-2 has a connecting port 2-5 near the upper end of the second vertical pipe 2-3. One end of the connecting pipe 3 is connected to the upper part of the first vertical pipe 2-1; the other end of the connecting pipe 3 is connected to the connecting port 2-5; the contact area between the connecting pipe 3 and the air is greater than the contact area between the horizontal pipe 2-4 and the air.

[0028] The working process is as follows: When hot air enters the ventilation duct 1, because the contact area between the connecting pipe 3 and the air is larger than that of the horizontal pipe 2-4, it absorbs more heat, and the temperature of the upper air decreases. According to the principle of convection, the hot air rises and the cold air falls, which promotes heat exchange in the upper air. Thus, the connecting pipe 3 dominates heat exchange compared to the horizontal pipe 2-4, causing the working medium in the connecting pipe 3 to evaporate and enter the inclined pipe 2-2 through the upper part of the first vertical pipe 2-1. The working medium in the inclined pipe 2-2 is cooled and condensed by the cooling device 4 and flows downward. It first flows back to the connecting pipe 3 through the connecting port 2-5, thus forming the first heat pipe cycle. If the temperature of the hot air is relatively high and carries more heat, some of the working medium in the inclined pipe 2-2 flows to the second vertical pipe 2-3. The annular heat pipe 2 composed of the first vertical pipe 2-1, the inclined pipe 2-2, the second vertical pipe 2-3, and the horizontal pipe 2-4 forms the second heat pipe cycle, which participates in further cooling of the hot air.

[0029] In this process, by designing the connecting pipe 3 to have a larger heat exchange area than the horizontal pipes 2-4 and positioning it above the ventilation duct 1, natural convection and heat exchange principles are utilized. When heat exchange demand is low (air temperature is not high), the first heat pipe circulation is activated to cool the air; when heat exchange demand is high (air temperature is high), the second heat pipe circulation is automatically activated. This functions as a "temperature sensor," which, compared to existing technologies using electronic temperature sensors and electronically controlled fans to enhance heat exchange, eliminates the need for electronic power supplies, making it more reliable and cost-effective. Due to the relatively long length of the ventilation duct and the uneven heat exchange between the upper and lower parts of the air, the resulting natural convection allows for sufficient heat exchange, achieving the cooling effect.

[0030] In order to reduce the kinetic energy loss of the first vertical pipe 2-1 and the second vertical pipe 2-3 during the air circulation process, the first vertical pipe 2-1 and the second vertical pipe 2-3 can also be arranged on the side wall of the ventilation duct 1.

[0031] exist Figure 1 In this process, the contact area between the connecting pipe 3 and the air is greater than the contact area between the horizontal pipes 2-4 and the air, which is achieved by continuously folding back in the vertical direction. Those skilled in the art will understand that it can also be achieved by continuously folding back in the horizontal direction (perpendicular to the plane of the paper).

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the connecting pipe 3 extends into the first vertical pipe 2-1, and the outlet area of ​​the connecting pipe 3 gradually decreases near the end close to the first vertical pipe 2-1. After the working medium in the connecting pipe 3 is heated and vaporized, the generated gas rises through the first vertical pipe 2-1. The outlet area of ​​the connection between the connecting pipe 3 and the first vertical pipe 2-1 gradually decreases, thereby accelerating the vaporization of the gas. According to the Venturi effect, a low-pressure zone will be formed near the connection between the first vertical pipe 2-1 and the connecting pipe 3, resulting in a decrease in the air pressure at the bottom of the connecting pipe 2-1. This promotes the vaporization and heat absorption of the working medium at the bottom of the annular heat pipe. The higher the air temperature, the faster the working medium in the connecting pipe 3 vaporizes. Thus, the working medium at the bottom of the annular heat pipe is more easily vaporized and absorbs heat under the action of low pressure. Therefore, when the air temperature is high, the heat absorption of the working medium can be automatically increased.

[0033] See Figure 2 Alternatively, for the connecting pipe 3, multiple pipes can be laid side by side, forming a confluence section at both ends via end plates, thereby achieving the effect of gradually decreasing outlet area at the connection point with the first vertical pipe 2-1. When this method is adopted, multiple pipes together constitute the connecting pipe 3 and can form an air guiding surface.

[0034] See Figure 3 As an alternative, one end of the connecting pipe 3 extends into the first vertical pipe 2-1, and the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 is located inside the first vertical pipe 2-1 with the outlet facing upward. The outlet area of ​​the outlet end of the connecting pipe 3 gradually decreases, which can also form the Venturi effect.

[0035] For a preferred embodiment, see Figure 4, the communicating pipe 3 is laid by a plurality of wavy pipes arranged side by side, forming a wavy curved surface for guiding air. Further, the horizontal distance between adjacent wave crests or wave troughs of the wavy curved surface is L, the vertical distance between the wave crests and the wave troughs is H, and 3<L / H<15. For example, a sine or cosine curve is used to form the wavy curved surface y=Asinbx, where L=2π / b and H=2A. The adoption of the wavy curved surface increases the contact area between the communicating pipe 3 and air, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and causes less kinetic energy loss to air flow.

[0036] See Figure 5 , the wave crests of the wavy curved surface are substantially flush with the top of the ventilation duct 1, so that a certain space is formed between the top of the ventilation duct 1 and the wavy curved surface, and phase change material 5 is filled in this space. The melting point of the phase change material 5 is substantially the same as the boiling point of the working medium in the communicating pipes and heat pipes, and is between 25 and 28°C, which is equivalent to adding an auxiliary cold source, so that the communicating pipes 3 themselves can form a plurality of continuous small heat pipes, thereby keeping the air temperature substantially constant. The specific principle is as follows: between two adjacent wave crests and the middle wave trough of the communicating pipe 3, a space with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part is formed, so there is more phase change material 5 in the upper part, which can absorb more heat. After the working medium near the wave trough of the communicating pipe 3 evaporates, it will rise a certain distance along the wavy pipe. When it encounters the phase change material 5 in the upper part, the phase change material 5 absorbs heat, so that the working medium condenses and returns to the position near the wave trough. In this case, the cold source is mainly the phase change material 5; when the heat absorption continues to increase, the working medium in the communicating pipe 3 mainly enters the inclined pipe 2-2 along the first vertical pipe 2-1 when evaporating. As mentioned above, when the working medium in the communicating pipe 3 is insufficient to absorb more heat, the working medium in the horizontal pipe 2-4 automatically starts to participate in the heat pipe cycle.

[0037] In this way, a three-stage heat absorption mode of phase change material 5 - communicating pipe 3 working medium - heat pipe working medium is formed, which fully utilizes the space in the ventilation duct 1, and the three-stage heat absorption mode participates in heat exchange correspondingly according to different air temperatures, without manual adjustment and intervention.

[0038] In order to enhance the heat exchange between the communicating pipe 3 and the phase change material 5, a plurality of heat exchange fins 3-1 can be arranged on the communicating pipe 3 and inserted into the phase change material 5. As a preferred embodiment, partition plates are arranged around the communicating pipe 3 and are integrally formed with the communicating pipe 3, and the phase change material 5 is filled in the space between the partition plates and the communicating pipe 3, thereby facilitating overall installation.

[0039] See Figure 1The cooling device 4 in this invention includes a heat exchange box 4-1, which is filled with a heat exchange medium 4-2. The cold source can be tap water. For example, the tap water supply pipe 4-3 in the building passes through the heat exchange box 4-1, thereby realizing indirect heat exchange between the working medium in the inclined pipe 2-2 and the tap water.

[0040] This invention utilizes a ring-shaped heat pipe 2 and a connecting pipe 3, with the connecting pipe 3 positioned at the top of the ventilation duct 1 and the main heat-receiving part of the ring-shaped heat pipe 2 located at the bottom of the ventilation duct 1. This creates a significant heat exchange difference, leveraging natural convection to enhance airflow and promote heat exchange. Furthermore, it automatically forms different heat pipe loops based on varying air temperatures. Compared to existing technologies, this invention achieves automatic switching between different heat exchange modes based on air temperature, improving heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, it uses external cooling sources such as tap water pipes, eliminating the need for temperature sensors or other control circuits, resulting in a simple structure. Secondly, the corrugated connecting pipe 3 reduces kinetic energy loss from airflow, decreasing reliance on fans and other equipment. This effectively conserves building energy consumption during hot summer months.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building energy-saving ventilation system, comprising a ventilation duct (1), including an annular heat pipe (2) and a cooling device (4), characterized in that, It also includes a connecting pipe (3), which is arranged inside the ventilation duct (1) and located at the top of the ventilation duct (1). The annular heat pipe (2) includes a first vertical pipe (2-1), an inclined pipe (2-2), a second vertical pipe (2-3), and a horizontal pipe (2-4) connected in sequence; the first vertical pipe (2-1), the horizontal pipe (2-4), and the second vertical pipe (2-3) are located inside the ventilation duct (1), the horizontal pipe (2-4) is located at the bottom of the ventilation duct, and the inclined pipe (2-2) is located outside the ventilation duct (1) and passes through the cooling device (4); Relative to the airflow direction within the ventilation duct, the first vertical pipe (2-1) is located upstream of the second vertical pipe (2-3), and the connection between the inclined pipe (2-2) and the first vertical pipe (2-1) is higher than the connection between the inclined pipe (2-2) and the second vertical pipe (2-3). The inclined tube (2-2) has a connecting port (2-5) near the upper end of the second vertical tube. One end of the connecting tube (3) is connected to the upper part of the first vertical tube (2-1); the other end of the connecting tube (3) is connected to the connecting port (2-5). The contact area between the connecting pipe (3) and the air is greater than the contact area between the horizontal pipe (2-4) and the air; When the heat exchange demand is low, the upper part of the first vertical pipe (2-1), the inclined pipe (2-2), and the connecting pipe (3) constitute the first heat pipe circulation; when the heat exchange demand is high, the first vertical pipe (2-1), the inclined pipe (2-2), the second vertical pipe (2-3), and the horizontal pipe (2-4) form the second heat pipe circulation, which participates in further cooling of the hot air.

2. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet area of ​​the connection between the connecting pipe (3) and the first vertical pipe (2-1) gradually decreases.

3. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the connecting pipe (3) extends into the first vertical pipe (2-1) and is connected to the first vertical pipe (2-1). The area of ​​the outlet located in the first vertical pipe (2-1) gradually decreases and the outlet faces upward.

4. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The connecting pipe is made up of multiple pipes laid side by side, with the direction of the multiple pipes being perpendicular to the direction of the air flow, thereby forming an air guiding surface.

5. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multiple tubes are wavy, and the air guiding surface is a wavy curved surface.

6. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The crest of the wavy surface is basically flush with the top of the ventilation duct, and a phase change material (5) is filled between the top of the ventilation duct and the wavy surface.

7. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting pipe and heat pipe contain a working medium, and the melting point of the phase change material (5) is consistent with the boiling point of the working medium.

8. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The horizontal distance between adjacent crests or troughs of the wavy surface is L, and the vertical distance between a crest and a trough is H. <L / H<15。 9. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that, Multiple heat exchange fins (3-1) are set on the connecting pipe (3) and inserted into the phase change material (5).

10. The building energy-saving ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling device includes a heat exchange box filled with a heat exchange medium, and the building's tap water supply pipeline passes through the heat exchange box.

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