Wheelset testing device

Abstract

The application provides a wheel set testing device and relates to the technical field of locomotive production and manufacturing. The wheel set testing device comprises a driving mechanism and a test bench main body. The driving mechanism is used for driving the rotation of a wheel set to be detected. The test bench main body comprises a machine table, a simulation frame, a loading frame, a clamping mechanism, a loading mechanism and a stiffness testing mechanism. The simulation frame is detachably connected to the wheel set to be detected. The loading frame is connected to the simulation frame. An enclosed frame is formed between the loading frame and the simulation frame. The enclosed frame is used for accommodating the wheel set to be detected. The clamping mechanism is arranged on the machine table and used for clamping the wheel set to be detected. The loading mechanism is arranged on the machine table and connected to the loading frame. The loading mechanism is used for loading the wheel set to be detected along an X direction, a Y direction and a Z direction. The stiffness testing mechanism is arranged on the machine table and connected to the clamping mechanism. The stiffness testing mechanism is used for detecting the stiffness of the wheel set to be detected. The X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention generally relates to the field of locomotive manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a wheelset testing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of permanent magnet direct drive technology, it has been gradually applied to locomotives and rolling stock. Since the wheel axle drive system is the most crucial component of the bogie, durability testing is required for it. Existing test benches utilize massive gantry loading frames, which occupy a large space and incur significant material and manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The wheelset testing device provided by this invention is used for loading and stiffness testing of wheelsets, thereby improving safety and reliability.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a wheelset testing apparatus is provided, comprising: a drive mechanism and a test bench body, the drive mechanism being used to drive the wheelset under test to rotate; the test bench body including a machine base, a simulation frame, a loading frame, a clamping mechanism, a loading mechanism, and a stiffness testing mechanism, the simulation frame being detachably connected to the wheelset under test, the loading frame being connected to the simulation frame, a closed frame being formed between the loading frame and the simulation frame, the closed frame being used to accommodate the wheelset under test, the clamping mechanism being disposed on the machine base for clamping the wheelset under test, the loading mechanism being disposed on the machine base and connected to the loading frame for loading the wheelset under test along the X, Y, and Z directions, and the stiffness testing mechanism being disposed on the machine base and connected to the clamping mechanism for detecting the stiffness of the wheelset under test; wherein the X, Y, and Z directions are mutually perpendicular.

[0005] In some embodiments, the simulation frame includes two side beams and a connecting beam, with the two side beams arranged in parallel opposite directions; the connecting beam is disposed between the two side beams, and the connecting beam is at least one of a straight line and an X-shape.

[0006] In some embodiments, the loading frame is connected to the simulation frame, the loading frame having a double-triangle structure, and the simulation frame and the double-triangle structure forming the closed frame.

[0007] In some embodiments, the double-triangular structure includes: a first connecting plate, two second connecting plates, two third connecting plates, a connecting rod, and an end rod; the two second connecting plates are disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the X direction, and the second connecting plates are connected to the simulation frame; the two third connecting plates are disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the X direction, and the two second connecting plates and the two third connecting plates are correspondingly disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the Y direction, and the third connecting plates are connected to the simulation frame; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the first connecting plate, and the other end is connected to at least one of the second connecting plates and the third connecting plates; the end rod is disposed between the two second connecting plates and between the two third connecting plates.

[0008] In some embodiments, the loading frame further includes: a traction rod, a traction drive source, and an elastic buffer. One end of the traction rod is connected to the traction drive source, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate. The traction drive source drives the first connecting plate to move along the X direction through the traction rod. One end of the elastic buffer is connected to the machine base, and the other end is connected to the third connecting plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the loading mechanism includes: an X-axis loading drive source, a Y-axis loading drive source, and a Z-axis loading drive source. One end of the X-axis loading drive source is rotatably connected to the machine tool, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame, for loading the wheelset to be tested along the X-axis. One end of the Y-axis loading drive source is rotatably connected to the machine tool, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame, for loading the wheelset to be tested along the Y-axis. One end of the Z-axis loading drive source is rotatably connected to the machine tool, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame, for loading the wheelset to be tested along the Z-axis.

[0010] In some embodiments, the clamping mechanism includes: a fixed base, two pressure blocks, and two fixing blocks. The fixed base is disposed on the machine base and has a through hole through which the wheelset to be tested at least partially passes and contacts the driving mechanism. The two pressure blocks are disposed on both sides of the pressure block along the Y direction. The pressure blocks are detachably connected to the fixed base and can abut against the wheelset to be tested along the Z direction. The two fixing blocks are disposed on both sides of the pressure block along the X direction. The fixing blocks are detachably connected to the fixed base and can abut against the outer wall of the wheelset to be tested.

[0011] In some embodiments, the side of the fixing block facing the wheelset to be tested has a wedge shape.

[0012] In some embodiments, the stiffness testing mechanism includes: an X-axis stiffness testing drive source and a Y-axis stiffness testing drive source. One end of the X-axis stiffness testing drive source is disposed on the machine tool, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism, for performing stiffness testing on the wheelset to be tested along the X-axis. One end of the Y-axis stiffness testing drive source is disposed on the machine tool, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism, for performing stiffness testing on the wheelset to be tested along the Y-axis.

[0013] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes: a rotary drive source, a transmission assembly, a drive wheel, and a flywheel. One end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the rotary drive source, and the other end is connected to the drive wheel. The drive wheel contacts the outer wall of the wheelset to be tested. The rotary drive source drives the drive wheel to rotate through the transmission assembly, thereby causing the wheelset to be tested to rotate. The flywheel is disposed between the rotary drive source and the transmission assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the loading frame and the highest point of the power wheel are aligned along the height direction of the machine platform.

[0015] One embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0016] The wheelset testing device provided in this embodiment of the invention provides a drive mechanism that delivers torque output to the wheelset under test, enabling performance testing during rotation. A simulation frame is detachably connected to the wheelset under test and is used to mount the primary suspension system of the wheelset. A loading frame is connected to the simulation frame and simulates the locomotive bogie, providing auxiliary support. The loading frame enables rapid positioning of the wheelset under test and also allows the loading mechanism to apply vibration excitation to the wheelset through the loading frame. The loading mechanism indirectly loads the wheelset through the simulated bogie frame, simulating the dynamic wheel load borne by the wheelset and the vibration processes along the Z and X directions between the bogie and the wheelset.

[0017] The clamping mechanism secures the wheelset under test, and the stiffness testing mechanism performs stiffness testing by clamping the wheelset. Because a closed frame, also known as a cage-like structure, is formed between the loading frame and the simulation frame, the closed frame fully encloses the wheelset under test, improving the uniformity of force distribution. This, in turn, increases the modal frequencies of both the loading frame and the simulation frame, which is beneficial for maximizing the excitation capability of the loading mechanism and enhancing the accuracy of the stiffness testing mechanism in detecting the stiffness of the wheelset under test.

[0018] The simulation frame and loading frame form a two-layer structure, facilitating transportation and installation, and increasing the adaptability of wheelsets to be tested and the range of test objects. Compared with the bulky gantry loading frame, it improves safety, saves materials and space, and reduces costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To better understand the present invention, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in the following drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and related elements may be omitted to emphasize and clearly illustrate the technical features of the invention. Furthermore, related elements or components may have different arrangements as known in the art. Additionally, in the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components in various figures. The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] in:

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the test bench body in a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the drive mechanism in a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the loading frame in a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the loading frame and clamping mechanism of a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of a wheelset testing device display trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the lifting components in a wheelset testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0029] 10. Test bench body; 20. Drive mechanism; 100. Wheelset to be tested; 101. Drive wheelset; 102. Primary suspension device;

[0030] 1. Machine tool; 2. Simulation frame; 3. Loading frame; 4. Clamping mechanism; 5. Loading mechanism; 6. Stiffness testing mechanism; 7. Trolley;

[0031] 11. Fixed base; 111. Lifting component; 21. Side beam; 22. Connecting beam;

[0032] 31. First connecting plate; 32. Second connecting plate; 33. Third connecting plate; 34. Connecting rod; 35. End rod; 36. Traction rod; 37. Elastic buffer;

[0033] 41. Fixing base; 411. Through hole; 42. Pressure block; 43. Fixing block;

[0034] 51. X-axis load driver; 52. Y-axis load driver; 53. Z-axis load driver;

[0035] 61. X-axis stiffness test drive source; 62. Y-axis stiffness test drive source;

[0036] 201. Rotary drive source; 202. Transmission assembly; 2021. Coupling; 2022. Output shaft; 2023. Torque booster gearbox; 203. Drive wheel; 204. Flywheel; 205. Bearing;

[0037] 71. Roller bearings. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more; and the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In particular, references to "the / described" object or "an" object are also intended to indicate one of a possible plurality of such objects.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified or stated, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" described in the exemplary embodiments of this invention are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the exemplary embodiments of this invention. It should also be understood that, in the context of an element or feature being connected to another element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer," it can be directly connected to the other element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer," or indirectly connected to the other element (one or more) "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" through an intermediate element.

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and the concept of the exemplary embodiments will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0043] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a wheelset testing device for testing a wheelset 100 to be tested. The wheelset 100 to be tested can also be referred to as the drive system under test. This wheelset testing device can adapt to different wheelsets 100 to be tested, including but not limited to permanent magnet direct drive structures. It is mainly used for performance index testing of railway locomotive drive components. The wheelset 100 to be tested includes a power wheelset 101 and a primary suspension device 102. The power wheelset 101 includes locomotive wheels and a connecting axle, with two locomotive wheels located at both ends of the connecting axle. The wheelset testing device mainly performs load tests and stiffness tests on the locomotive wheels.

[0044] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the wheelset testing device includes a drive mechanism 20 and a test bench body 10. The drive mechanism 20 is used to drive the wheelset 100 to be tested to rotate. The test bench body 10 includes a machine base 1, a simulation frame 2, a loading frame 3, a clamping mechanism 4, a loading mechanism 5, and a stiffness testing mechanism 6. The simulation frame 2 is detachably connected to the wheelset 100 to be tested. The loading frame 3 is connected to the simulation frame 2, and a closed frame is formed between the loading frame 3 and the simulation frame 2. The closed frame is used to accommodate the wheelset 100 to be tested. The clamping mechanism 4 is set on the machine base 1 and is used to clamp the wheelset 100 to be tested. The loading mechanism 5 is set on the machine base 1 and connected to the loading frame 3, and is used to load the wheelset 100 to be tested along the X, Y, and Z directions. The stiffness testing mechanism 6 is set on the machine base 1 and connected to the clamping mechanism 4, and is used to test the stiffness of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0045] Here, the length direction of machine 1 is defined as Y, the width direction of machine 1 is defined as X, and the height direction of machine 1 is defined as Z. The X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other. The X, Y, and Z directions only represent spatial directions and have no real meaning.

[0046] The wheelset testing device provided in this embodiment provides a torque output to the wheelset 100 under test via a drive mechanism 20, enabling performance testing of the wheelset 100 during rotation. A simulation frame 2 is detachably connected to the wheelset 100 and is used to mount the primary suspension system of the wheelset 100. A loading frame 3 is connected to the simulation frame 2, which simulates a locomotive bogie and provides auxiliary support. The loading frame 3 enables rapid positioning of the wheelset 100 while also allowing the loading mechanism 5 to apply vibration excitation to the wheelset 100 via the loading frame 3. The loading mechanism 5 indirectly loads the wheelset 100 through the simulated bogie frame, simulating the dynamic wheel load and vibration processes along the Y and X directions.

[0047] The clamping mechanism 4 fixes the wheelset 100 to be tested, and the stiffness testing mechanism 6 performs stiffness testing on the wheelset 100 by clamping it. Since a closed frame is formed between the loading frame 3 and the simulation frame 2, which can also be called a cage-shaped closed structure, the closed frame fully encloses the wheelset 100 to be tested, improving the uniformity of the force on the wheelset 100, thereby increasing the modal frequencies of the loading frame 3 and the simulation frame 2. This is beneficial to the excitation capability of the loading mechanism 5 and the accuracy of the stiffness testing mechanism 6 in testing the stiffness of the wheelset 100.

[0048] The simulation frame 2 and the loading frame 3 form a two-layer structure, which facilitates transportation and installation, increases the adaptability of the wheelset 100 to be tested, and expands the range of test objects. Compared with the bulky gantry loading frame, it improves safety, saves materials and space, and reduces costs.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the drive mechanism 20 includes a rotary drive source 201, a transmission component 202, and a drive wheel 203. The rotary drive source 201 can be a test motor. The rotary drive source 201 is set on the test platform. One end of the transmission component 202 is connected to the output end of the rotary drive source 201, and the other end is connected to the drive wheel 203. The drive wheel 203 is in contact with the outer wall of the wheelset 100 under test. The rotary drive source 201 drives the drive wheel 203 to rotate through the transmission component 202, thereby causing the wheelset 100 under test to rotate.

[0050] The rotary drive source 201 provides rotational power, and the transmission component 202 plays the role of power and torque transmission to transmit the rotational power of the rotary drive source 201 to the drive wheel 203. Since the drive wheel 203 is in contact with the outer wall of the wheelset 100 under test, the wheelset 100 under test is driven to rotate as the drive wheel 203 rotates, which facilitates the loading and stiffness testing of the wheelset 100 under test.

[0051] In one embodiment, the transmission assembly 202 includes a torque-increasing gearbox 2023, an output shaft 2022, and a coupling 2021. One end of the torque-increasing gearbox 2023 is connected to the rotary drive source 201, and the other end is connected to the output shaft 2022 via the coupling 2021. The torque-increasing gearbox 2023 increases the output torque and its magnitude is adjustable. The coupling 2021 transmits power between the torque-increasing gearbox 2023 and the output shaft 2022. The output shaft 2022 passes through the drive wheel 203 and drives the drive wheel 203 to rotate.

[0052] In one embodiment, the drive mechanism 20 further includes a flywheel 204, which is disposed between the rotary drive source 201 and the transmission assembly 202. Specifically, the flywheel 204 is disposed between the output end of the rotary drive source 201 and the torque amplifying gearbox 2023, realizing the functions of energy storage and stabilizing the rotational speed, so as to stably transmit the torque of the rotary drive source 201 to the test bench body 10 through the torque amplifying gearbox 2023.

[0053] In one embodiment, the test bench body 10 includes a fixed base 11 and a support base. The support base is disposed on the fixed base 11 and is used to provide an installation position for the loading mechanism 5 and the stiffness testing mechanism 6. The fixed base 11 is used to install the clamping mechanism and part of the drive mechanism 20.

[0054] Specifically, the fixed base 11 is provided with a composite bearing housing for mounting the bearing 205. The bearing 205 is sleeved outside the output shaft 2022 of the drive mechanism 20 and positioned between the output shaft 2022 and the composite bearing housing, improving the smoothness of rotation of the output shaft 2022. The bearing 205 can be a spherical plain bearing 205, providing axial sliding freedom and swing freedom in the Y and Z planes, possessing necessary degrees of freedom and high rigidity. Simultaneously, the fixed base 11 provides a placement and installation position for the clamping mechanism 4, and is indirectly connected to the loading frame 3, improving the vibration frequency response range.

[0055] In one embodiment, the simulation frame 2 includes two side beams 21 arranged parallel to each other. The cross-section of the side beams 21 is similar to a trapezoidal structure. The shape of the side beams 21 matches the shape of the wheelset 100 to be tested, facilitating the covering of the wheelset 100 and saving space. Simultaneously, the side beams 21 also simulate the shape of a bogie, improving the testing accuracy of the wheelset 100. The primary suspension device 102 of the wheelset 100 to be tested is mounted on the side beams 21, which provide the mounting position for the wheelset 100.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the simulation frame 2 also includes a connecting beam 22, which is located between the two side beams 21. The connecting beam 22 serves as a connection between the two side beams 21 to form an integral structure.

[0057] Among them, the connecting beams 22 are at least one of straight and X-shaped, and the connecting beams 22 play a role in structural reinforcement, thereby improving the overall strength of the simulated frame 2. For example, the number of connecting beams 22 is specifically four, of which two connecting beams 22 are straight structures, and the two straight connecting beams 22 are located on both sides of the side beams 21 along the Y direction. The other two connecting beams 22 are X-shaped structures, and the two X-shaped connecting beams 22 are located on both sides of the side beams 21 along the Y direction. The X-shaped connecting beams 22 are located below the straight connecting beams 22 along the Z direction.

[0058] In one embodiment, the loading frame 3 is located below the simulation frame 2 along the Z direction, and the loading frame 3 is connected to the simulation frame 2 to form an integral structure.

[0059] In one embodiment, the loading frame 3 has a double-triangular structure, which forms a closed frame with the simulation frame 2. Because the triangular structure is structurally stable, the loading frame 3 is less prone to deformation, thus improving its structural stability. Furthermore, the double-triangular structure can also increase the length of the loading frame 3 along the X-direction to some extent.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the double-triangular structure includes a first connecting plate 31, a connecting rod 34, an end rod 35, two second connecting plates 32, and two third connecting plates 33. The two second connecting plates 32 are located on both sides of the first connecting plate 31 along the X-direction and are connected to the simulation frame 2. The two third connecting plates 33 are located on both sides of the first connecting plate 31 along the X-direction, and the two second connecting plates 32 and two third connecting plates 33 are correspondingly located on both sides of the first connecting plate 31 along the Y-direction and are connected to the simulation frame 2. One end of the connecting rod 34 is connected to the first connecting plate 31, and the other end is connected to at least one of the second connecting plates 32 and the third connecting plates 33. The end rod 35 is located between the two second connecting plates 32 and between the two third connecting plates 33.

[0061] The four connecting plates, namely the two second connecting plates 32 and the two third connecting plates 33, can be referred to as four rod node connection boxes. The two second connecting plates 32 and the two third connecting plates 33 are respectively arranged around the first connecting plate 31, specifically in a rectangular structure. These four connecting plates are connected to the lower ends of the two side beams 21 of the simulated frame 2. The first connecting plate 31 is located at the center of the rectangular structure. Each of the four connecting plates, namely the two second connecting plates 32 and the two third connecting plates 33, is connected to the first connecting plate 31 through a connecting rod 34. The four connecting rods 34 form an X-shaped structure or a cross rod structure. The four connecting rods 34 can serve as the diagonals of the rectangular structure, acting as the intermediate connection between the first connecting plate 31 and the other four connecting plates. The first connecting plate 31 and the two second connecting plates 32 form the vertices of one triangle, and the end rod 35 and the two second connecting plates 32 form the side length of one triangle; the first connecting plate 31 and the two third connecting plates 33 form the vertices of another triangle, and the end rod 35 and the two third connecting plates 33 form the side length of another triangle, thus forming a double triangle structure, so that the loading frame 3 can cover the wheelset 100 under test as much as possible, improve the uniformity of force on the wheelset 100 under test, and ensure the accuracy of loading test and stiffness test.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the loading frame 3 also includes a traction rod 36 and a traction drive source. One end of the traction rod 36 is connected to the traction drive source, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate 31. The traction drive source drives the first connecting plate 31 to move along the X direction through the traction rod 36.

[0063] The traction drive source can be a linear motor, a moving cylinder, etc. Since the first connecting plate 31 is located at the center of the loading frame 3, the traction rod 36 is set on the side of the first connecting plate 31 facing the second connecting plate 32. The traction drive source drives the first connecting plate 31 to move towards the second connecting plate 32 through the traction rod 36, which can drive the entire double triangle structure to move, realize the low-position center railing curve traction test, and also play a role in adjusting the position of the loading frame 3, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the wheelset 100 under test.

[0064] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the loading frame 3 also includes an elastic buffer 37, one end of which is connected to the machine base 1, and the other end is connected to the third connecting plate 33. Since the traction rod 36 is located on the side of the first connecting plate 31 facing the second connecting plate 32, connecting the elastic buffer 37 to the third connecting plate 33 provides the loading frame 3 with a force opposite to the traction drive source, thus limiting the movement of the loading frame 3 and preventing large positional deviations. Through the combined action of the elastic buffer 37, the traction rod 36, and the traction drive source, the positioning function of the loading frame 3 is achieved, improving the positioning accuracy of the wheelset 100 under test.

[0065] Specifically, the elastic buffer 37 can be selected from cylindrical springs or hydraulic springs, etc. Alternatively, the spring buffer includes a sleeve and a pull rod, one of which is connected to the machine base 1, and the other is connected to the third connecting plate 33. The pull rod passes through the sleeve and slides in engagement with the sleeve. Of course, the elastic buffer 37 can also be other parts with springs and buffering capabilities.

[0066] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the loading mechanism 5 includes an X-axis loading drive source 51, a Y-axis loading drive source 52, and a Z-axis loading drive source 53. The X-axis loading drive source 51, Y-axis loading drive source 52, and Z-axis loading drive source 53 can be hydraulic cylinders. One end of the X-axis loading drive source 51 is rotatably connected to the machine base 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame 3, for loading the wheelset 100 to be inspected along the X-axis. One end of the Y-axis loading drive source 52 is rotatably connected to the machine base 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame 3, for loading the wheelset 100 to be inspected along the Y-axis. One end of the Z-axis loading drive source 53 is rotatably connected to the machine base 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading frame 3, for loading the wheelset 100 to be inspected along the Z-axis.

[0067] Specifically, the X-axis loading drive source 51 can achieve X-axis or lateral loading, the Y-axis loading drive source 52 can achieve Y-axis or longitudinal loading, and the Z-axis loading drive source 53 can achieve Z-axis or vertical loading. These are used to simulate axle load dynamics and off-center loads on the loading frame 3 and the wheelset 100 under test. The simulation shows the bogie bearing the applied force from the loading frame 3, equivalent to part of the vehicle body weight applied by the high coil springs or rubber stacks of the secondary suspension system. Vertical force is transmitted to the wheelset 100 under test through the compression and deformation of the primary springs, resulting in an equivalent wheel load and axle load. The static axle load is adjusted by regulating the compression of the primary springs, and the dynamic wheel load can be controlled by dynamically controlling the extension and retraction of the Z-axis loading drive source 53.

[0068] With the coordinated action of the X-axis loading drive source 51, Y-axis loading drive source 52, and Z-axis loading drive source 53, the steering process of the vehicle body is simulated. The loading frame 3 has six degrees of freedom of motion, thereby realizing the dynamic loading test of the wheelset 100 under test. By controlling the Z-axis loading drive source 53, the bogie's heave vibration can be simulated; by controlling the front and rear Y-axis loading drive sources 52, the nose-diving vibration can be simulated; and by controlling the X-axis loading drive source 51, the bogie's roll or wheel weight transfer can be simulated. Then, the force and displacement sensors in the loading drive sources can be used to test the performance indicators such as the force and displacement curves of the wheelset 100 under test, ultimately realizing the loading test of the wheelset 100 under test.

[0069] The Z-axis loading drive source 53 can be selected to be four, with the four Z-axis loading drive sources 53 connected to two second connecting plates 32 and two third connecting plates 33 respectively, meaning that Z-axis loading can be performed at all four corners of the loading frame 3. The X-axis loading drive source 51 and the Y-axis loading drive source 52 can be flexibly arranged on the second connecting plates 32 and third connecting plates 33 of the loading frame 3. For example, the total number of X-axis loading drive sources 51 and Y-axis loading drive sources 52 is four, with one second connecting plate 32 connected to both X-axis loading drive source 51 and Y-axis loading drive source 52, another second connecting plate 32 connected to X-axis loading drive source 51, and only one third connecting plate 33 connected to Y-axis loading drive source 52. Of course, the X-axis loading drive source 51 and Y-axis loading drive source 52 can also be arranged in other ways.

[0070] In addition, the fixed ends of the three loading drive sources—X-axis loading drive source 51, Y-axis loading drive source 52, and Z-axis loading drive source 53—are all rotatably connected to the machine base 1, and their output ends are all rotatably connected to the second connecting plate 32 or the third connecting plate 33 of the loading frame 3. Specifically, these three loading drive sources can be connected to the machine base 1 and the loading frame 3 using double-end ball joint hydraulic telescopic rods to simulate loading processes at multiple angles.

[0071] Along the height direction of the machine platform 1, the bottom surface of the loading frame 3 is level with the highest point of the power wheel pair 101.

[0072] That is, the minimum distance between the first connecting plate 31 of the loading frame 3 and the power wheel pair 101 is zero. Compared with the existing loading frame 3, which has a relatively high height position, the loading frame 3 has a relatively low height position. This constructs a low-position hinge point force transmission channel for the wheel pair 100 under test, realizes low-position constraint of the wheel pair 100 under test, significantly reduces the head-shaking resistance of the wheel pair 100 under test, avoids abnormal wear, and reduces the head-shaking amplitude of the loading frame 3 and the simulation frame 2 caused by traction force.

[0073] Since the loading frame 3 is relatively heavy and difficult to move up and down along the Z direction, the Z-direction loading drive source 53 and the loading frame 3 can be fixedly connected, while the X-direction loading drive source 51, the Y-direction loading drive source 52 and the loading frame 3 can be detachably connected. That is, the Z-direction loading drive source 53 is approximately permanently connected, while the X-direction loading drive source 51 and the Y-direction loading drive source 52 are semi-permanently connected. This can significantly reduce the time required for disassembling and assembling the main body 10 of the test bench and reduce the risk of damage to the oil pipes and cable connectors of each loading drive source.

[0074] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 is disposed between the drive wheel 203 and the wheelset 100 to be tested. The clamping mechanism 4 can selectively clamp the wheelset 100 to be tested. When the clamping mechanism 4 clamps and fixes the wheelset 100 to be tested, the wheelset 100 to be tested can be subjected to stiffness testing.

[0075] Specifically, there are two clamping mechanisms 4, with each clamping mechanism 4 corresponding to one of the two locomotive wheels of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0076] In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a fixed base 41 disposed on the machine base 1. The fixed base 41 has a through hole 411 through which at least a portion of the wheelset 100 to be tested passes and contacts the drive mechanism 20. The through hole 411 of the fixed base 41 provides clearance space for the wheelset 100 to be tested, allowing the wheelset 100 to partially pass through the through hole 411 and contact the outer wall of the power wheel 203 of the drive mechanism 20. As the power wheel 203 rotates, it drives the wheelset 100 to rotate, ensuring that the drive mechanism 20 smoothly implements the driving process of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0077] In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 further includes two pressure blocks 42 and two fixing blocks 43. The two pressure blocks 42 are disposed on both sides of the pressure block 42 along the X direction. The pressure blocks 42 are detachably connected to the fixing base 41 and can abut against the wheelset 100 to be tested along the Z direction. The two fixing blocks 43 are disposed on both sides of the pressure block 42 along the Y direction. The fixing blocks 43 are detachably connected to the fixing base 41 and can abut against the outer wall of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0078] In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 further includes two pressure blocks 42 and two fixing blocks 43. The two pressure blocks 42 are disposed on both sides of the pressure block 42 along the Y direction. The pressure blocks 42 are detachably connected to the fixing base 41 and can abut against the wheelset 100 to be tested along the Z direction. The two fixing blocks 43 are disposed on both sides of the pressure block 42 along the X direction. The fixing blocks 43 are detachably connected to the fixing base 41 and can abut against the outer wall of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0079] The clamping blocks 42 are used to position and clamp the wheelset 100 under test along the Z-axis. Two clamping blocks 42 are positioned on either side of the clamping blocks 42 along the Y-axis, further ensuring the positioning and clamping of the wheelset 100 along the Y-axis. Fixing blocks 43 abut against the outer wall of the wheelset 100 under test to prevent rolling. Two fixing blocks 43 are positioned on either side of the clamping blocks 42 along the X-axis, also ensuring the positioning and clamping of the wheelset 100 along the X-axis.

[0080] Two pressure blocks 42 and two fixing blocks 43 are arranged around the lower half of the wheelset 100 to be tested. The two pressure blocks 42 and two fixing blocks 43 form a limiting range, which can limit the wheelset to be tested during loading tests. When the two pressure blocks 42 and two fixing blocks 43 abut against the wheelset 100 to be tested, they can fix the wheelset 100 to be tested during stiffness tests.

[0081] It is understandable that the wheelset 100 to be tested can be lifted relative to the fixed seat 41 by bolts, so as to move the position of the wheelset 100 to be tested. Then, the two pressure blocks 42 and the two fixing blocks 43 can be used to move the wheelset 100 to be tested along the X, Y and Z directions.

[0082] Since the outer wall of the wheelset 100 to be tested has an arc-shaped structure, the side of the fixing block 43 facing the wheelset 100 to be tested has a wedge-shaped structure. The wedge-shaped structure matches the outer wall of the wheelset 100 to be tested, achieving a conformal effect, so that the side of the fixing block 43 facing the wheelset 100 to be tested fits as closely as possible to the wheelset 100 to be tested, improving the clamping and fixing effect. In addition, during the movement of the wedge-shaped fixing block 43 towards the wheelset 100 to be tested, the wheelset 100 to be tested can be lifted, thereby putting the wheelset 100 to be tested and the driving wheelset 101 into a separated or decoupled state. At this time, the wheelset 100 to be tested is detached from the driving wheelset 101, and the wheelset 100 to be tested is not subject to the rotational force of the driving wheelset 101.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the stiffness testing mechanism 6 includes an X-axis stiffness testing drive source 61 and a Y-axis stiffness testing drive source 62. The X-axis stiffness testing drive source 61 and the Y-axis stiffness testing drive source 62 can be hydraulic cylinders. One end of the X-axis stiffness testing drive source 61 is mounted on the machine base 1, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism 4, used for performing stiffness testing on the wheelset 100 under test along the X-axis. One end of the Y-axis stiffness testing drive source 62 is mounted on the machine base 1, and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism 4, used for performing stiffness testing on the wheelset 100 under test along the Y-axis.

[0084] Among them, the fixed seat 41 of one of the two clamping mechanisms 4 is connected to the X-direction stiffness test drive source 61, and the fixed seat 41 of the other is connected to the Y-direction stiffness test drive source 62, so as to avoid directional interference during stiffness testing.

[0085] It should be noted that the X-axis stiffness test drive source 61 and the Y-axis stiffness test drive source 62 are equipped with pressure sensors and displacement sensors. Based on the pressure applied by the stiffness test drive source to the clamping mechanism 4 and the amount of movement of the output end, the pressure and displacement curves can be plotted, thereby completing the stiffness test process of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0086] It should be noted that the Z-direction loading drive source 53 can also be used to perform stiffness tests along the Z-direction on the wheelset 100 to be tested through the loading frame 3.

[0087] In one embodiment, because the loading frame 3 bears the pressure of the wheelset 100 to be tested, there will be a large frictional force between the loading frame 3 and the fixed base 11 of the machine tool 1. Therefore, as Figures 6-7As shown, a trolley 7 is provided at the bottom of the loading frame 3 along the Z direction. A roller bearing 71 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the trolley 7. The roller bearing 71 can be a linear motion roller bearing. The roller bearing 71 can be manually rotated 90° and can move along the X and Y directions respectively. By utilizing the rolling contact between the roller bearing 71 and the fixed base 11 of the machine 1, the trolley 7 can be supported by the roller bearing 71, thus realizing the stiffness test requirements of the wheelset 100 to be tested along the X and Y directions.

[0088] The roller bearings 71 can be four in number, and the four roller bearings 71 are respectively set at the four corners of the trolley 7 to ensure the balance of support and movement.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figures 6-7 As shown, a lifting component 111 is also provided on the fixed base 11 of the machine tool 1. The lifting component 111 can be a lifting screw. In the simulation without axle load, the lifting component 111 can be used to lift the trolley 7, which facilitates the disassembly, assembly and movement of the support trolley 7 and the loading frame 3. There can be multiple lifting components 111, which are arranged around the wheelset 100 to be tested. For example, four lifting components 111 are respectively set at the four corners of the wheels of the wheelset 100 to be tested.

[0090] Understandably, the width of the fixed base 11 along the X direction is greater than 450mm to ensure that the contact position between the lifting component 111 and the trolley 7 is outside the support rolling range of the roller bearing 71, so as to avoid working interference.

[0091] The closed frame structure provided in this embodiment is divided into two parts: an upper part, a simulation frame 2, and an upper part, a loading frame 3. The simulation frame 2 and the loading frame 3 are fixed together by bolts. The interface of the simulation frame 2 does not change with the wheelset 100 under test and can be used for line simulation and stiffness testing. The upper simulation frame 2 provides all the interfaces required by the wheelset 100 under test, such as the axle box suspension, and mainly bears vertical and lateral forces. After the wheelset 100 under test is installed, it is finally hoisted and connected to the loading frame 3 located on the lower layer. The central ball joint of the lower loading frame 3 provides an ideal low-position center connection, which facilitates the rotation and yaw of the wheelset 100 under test. The four corner nodes provide installation positions for the loading mechanism 5. The upper simulation frame 2 has side beams 21 with good strength and connecting beams 22 with approximately 45-degree cross arrangement. The lower loading frame 3 has horizontal cross supports, thereby improving the triaxial stiffness of the upper and lower composite frame formed by the simulation frame 2 and the loading frame 3.

[0092] The wheelset testing device provided in this embodiment can effectively solve the dynamic loading situation of applying upper X, Y, and Z-direction excitations to a high-power locomotive bogie under full-power drive conditions for axle drive testing. The six-degree-of-freedom motion of the loading frame 3 is controllable, and its upper X-direction loading drive source 51 and Y-direction loading drive source 52 can be flexibly arranged as needed to apply lateral or longitudinal loading to the wheelset 100 under test, respectively. This wheelset testing device can meet the needs of routine and research tests as well as durability tests for wheelsets 100 with different structures, further improving the performance, safety, and reliability of the bogie, thereby reducing design and development costs. It has the advantages of being fully functional, easy to operate, safe to test, and saving preparation time.

[0093] It should be noted that the wheelset testing apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification is merely one example employing the principles of the invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the principles of the invention are not limited to any details or components of the apparatus shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

[0094] It should be understood that the application of this invention is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components presented in this specification. The invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and performed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of this invention. It should be understood that the invention disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the invention. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best known mode for carrying out the invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the invention.

[0095] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and exemplary embodiments are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the appended claims.

[0096] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wheelset testing device, characterized in that, include: The drive mechanism is used to drive the wheelset under test to rotate; The main body of the test bench includes a machine base, a simulation frame, a loading frame, a clamping mechanism, a loading mechanism, and a stiffness testing mechanism. The simulation frame is detachably connected to the wheelset to be tested. The loading frame is connected to the simulation frame, and a closed frame is formed between the loading frame and the simulation frame. The closed frame is used to accommodate the wheelset to be tested. The clamping mechanism is disposed on the machine base and is used to clamp the wheelset to be tested. The loading mechanism is disposed on the machine base and connected to the loading frame and is used to load the wheelset to be tested along the X, Y, and Z directions. The stiffness testing mechanism is disposed on the machine base and connected to the clamping mechanism and is used to test the stiffness of the wheelset to be tested. The loading frame is connected to the simulation frame, and the loading frame has a double-triangle structure. The simulation frame and the double-triangle structure form the closed frame. The double-triangle structure includes: First connecting plate; Two second connecting plates are disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the X direction, and the second connecting plates are connected to the simulation frame; Two third connecting plates are disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the X direction, and two second connecting plates and two third connecting plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the first connecting plate along the Y direction. The third connecting plates are connected to the simulation frame. A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the first connecting plate, and the other end of which is connected to at least one of the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate; The end rod is disposed between the two second connecting plates and between the two third connecting plates. Among them, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are all perpendicular to each other.

2. The wheelset testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation architecture includes: Two side beams, arranged in parallel and opposite directions; A connecting beam is disposed between two side beams, wherein the connecting beam is at least one of a straight shape and an X-shape.

3. The wheelset testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading framework also includes: A traction rod and a traction drive source are provided. One end of the traction rod is connected to the traction drive source, and the other end is connected to the first connecting plate. The traction drive source drives the first connecting plate to move along the X direction through the traction rod. An elastic buffer is provided, with one end connected to the machine base and the other end connected to the third connecting plate.

4. The wheelset testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading mechanism includes: An X-axis loading drive source, one end of which is rotatably connected to the machine tool and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the loading frame, is used to load the wheelset to be tested along the X-axis; A Y-axis loading drive source, one end of which is rotatably connected to the machine tool and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the loading frame, is used to load the wheelset to be tested along the Y-axis; A Z-axis loading drive source, one end of which is rotatably connected to the machine tool and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the loading frame, is used to load the wheelset to be tested along the Z-axis.

5. The wheelset testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes: A fixed base is provided on the machine base, and the fixed base is provided with a through hole, through which at least part of the wheelset to be tested passes and contacts the drive mechanism; Two pressure blocks are disposed on both sides of the through hole along the Y direction. The pressure blocks are detachably connected to the fixed base and can abut against the wheel pair to be tested along the Z direction. Two fixing blocks are disposed on both sides of the through hole along the X direction. The fixing blocks are detachably connected to the fixing base and can abut against the outer wall of the wheelset to be tested.

6. The wheelset testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing block has a wedge-shaped structure on the side facing the wheelset to be tested, which separates the wheelset to be tested from the drive mechanism.

7. The wheelset testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The stiffness testing mechanism includes: An X-axis stiffness test drive source, one end of which is disposed on the machine base and the other end is connected to the clamping mechanism, is used to perform stiffness testing on the wheelset to be tested along the X-axis. A Y-axis stiffness test drive source is provided, with one end of the drive source mounted on the machine base and the other end connected to the clamping mechanism, for performing stiffness tests on the wheelset under test along the Y-axis.

8. The wheelset testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: The system includes a rotary drive source, a transmission assembly, and a drive wheel. One end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the rotary drive source, and the other end is connected to the drive wheel. The drive wheel is in contact with the outer wall of the wheelset to be tested. The rotary drive source drives the drive wheel to rotate through the transmission assembly, thereby causing the wheelset to be tested to rotate. A flywheel is disposed between the rotary drive source and the transmission assembly.

9. The wheelset testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the machine platform, the bottom surface of the loading frame is level with the highest point of the power wheel.

Images