An energy scanning mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to an energy scanning mechanism, a ray source assembly comprising an X-ray source, a crystal assembly comprising a spherical bent crystal and a first linear movement mechanism allowing the spherical bent crystal to move along the direction of incident light, a detection assembly comprising a sample detector assembly and second and third linear movement mechanisms allowing the sample detector assembly to move in two directions, the X-ray source, the spherical bent crystal and the sample detector assembly being precisely linked in a Rowland circle configuration, focused reflected light of the monochromatized incident light through the spherical bent crystal being transmitted as X transmission light through a sample and being received by a first detector, X scattering light scattered by the sample being received by a second detector, so as to realize the collection of absorption spectra of different samples in an energy range corresponding to a Bragg angle of 54.5°-85.5°. The energy scanning mechanism according to the present application meets the collection requirements of different absorption edges of more elements, and can simultaneously obtain transmission X light signals and scattering X light fluorescence signals at the sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to laboratory spectrometers, and more specifically to an energy scanning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] A laboratory spectrometer is an analytical instrument based on the Rowland circle imaging principle, utilizing an X-ray source, a spherical curved crystal, a detector, and a high-precision displacement stage. It measures the local structural information of neighboring elements (such as the type, valence state, bond length, and coordination number of coordinating elements). The laboratory spectrometer includes an energy scanning mechanism, which is a linkage mechanism composed of several precision electrically driven displacement stages. This mechanism moves the X-ray source, the spherical curved crystal, the sample, and the detector according to a specific Rowland circle configuration to acquire the absorption spectrum of the sample. The acquired X-ray absorption spectrum can be used to identify the elements contained in the sample. The absorption lines have specific relationships with atoms, thus allowing the determination of the chemical composition of the sample through which the X-rays pass.

[0003] X-ray absorption spectroscopy, an experimental technique that matured with the development of synchrotron radiation facilities, is one of the important methods for studying the structure of matter. It can study the local structure of atoms in near-neighbor regions under various conditions, including solid and liquid states, and is widely used in materials science, biology, chemistry, environmental science, and geology. Laboratory spectrometers are analytical instruments based on the Rowland circle imaging principle, utilizing X-ray sources, spherical curved crystals, detectors, and high-precision displacement stages. They can measure the local structure information of near-neighbor regions of different elements (such as the type of coordinating element, valence state, bond length, and coordination number).

[0004] CN202211733446.6 A laboratory spectrometer energy scanning mechanism is known, whose main drawback is that the Bragg angle range of the energy scan is relatively small, ranging from 55° to 82°. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of the relatively small Bragg angle range in the prior art, the present invention provides an energy scanning mechanism.

[0006] According to the energy scanning mechanism of the present invention, it includes an X-ray source assembly, a crystal assembly, and a detector assembly. The X-ray source assembly includes an X-ray source. The crystal assembly includes a spherical curved crystal and a first linear moving mechanism that allows the spherical curved crystal to move along the direction of the incident light. The detector assembly includes a sample detector assembly and second and third linear moving mechanisms that allow the sample detector assembly to move in two directions. The sample detector assembly includes first and second detectors arranged vertically. The X-ray transmitted light transmitted through the sample after the incident light is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal is received by the first detector, and the X-ray scattered light scattered by the sample is received by the second detector, so as to realize the acquisition of absorption spectra of different samples in the energy range corresponding to the Bragg angle of 54.5° to 85.5°.

[0007] Preferably, the first linear movement mechanism is a first electric linear displacement stage, and the spherical bent crystal is mounted on the first electric linear displacement stage through a first support component to realize the movement of the spherical bent crystal along the incident light direction.

[0008] Preferably, the second and third linear movement mechanisms are second and third electric linear displacement stages, the sample detector assembly is mounted on the second electric linear displacement stage, the second electric linear displacement stage is fixedly connected to the guide plate mounting assembly, and the guide plate mounting assembly is rotatably mounted on the third electric linear displacement stage through a bearing seat.

[0009] Preferably, the first support assembly has a cylinder, and the guide plate mounting assembly has a long U-shaped groove, with the two sides of the long U-shaped groove forming a small clearance fit with the cylindrical surface of the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the bearing is installed in a cylindrical groove in the bearing housing, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the bearing housing, and the inner ring of the bearing is connected to the guide plate mounting assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the bearing housing is mounted on the third electric linear displacement stage via a shim block.

[0012] Preferably, the sample detector assembly includes a sample mounting assembly and two identical detectors mounted at 90° to the center of the sample mounting assembly, along with a second support assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the sample mounting assembly includes a sample holder assembly, which is provided as a highly radioactive sample holder assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the sample mounting assembly further includes a sample mounting base with a rectangular groove on the top. When the sample holder assembly is placed on the bottom surface of the rectangular groove, the fastener pushes the sample holder assembly onto a plane on one side of the rectangular groove from the side.

[0015] Preferably, the detector and its second support assembly include a Z-shaped thin plate, a shielding cap, a connecting seat, and a base plate, wherein the first and second detectors are mounted to the base plate via the Z-shaped thin plate, and the shielding cap is mounted to the base plate in the head region of the first and second detectors via the connecting seat.

[0016] According to the energy scanning mechanism of the present invention, based on the Rowland circle imaging principle, the X-ray source, spherical curved crystal, and sample detector assembly are precisely linked in a specific Rowland circle configuration. Its energy scanning Bragg angle range can reach 54.5°~85.5°, achieving a wider energy range compared to existing technologies, meeting the acquisition requirements of different absorption edges for more elements, and simultaneously acquiring transmitted X-ray signals and scattered X-ray fluorescence signals at the sample. Furthermore, the present invention simplifies the mechanism for aligning the sample center with the crystal center, replacing the existing combination of two driven turntables and a set of linear guide rails with a bearing and a U-groove with a small clearance fit on the cylindrical surface, reducing costs without affecting performance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The Roland circle imaging principle according to the present invention is illustrated by a top view.

[0018] Figure 2 Shown from the top view Figure 1 The optical path corresponding to the Bragg angle range.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the entire energy scanning mechanism according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the crystal assembly.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view.

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first support component.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Another perspective view.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 An assembly diagram of the spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting components, electric turntable and first support component.

[0025] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Another perspective view.

[0026] Figure 10 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the detection assembly.

[0027] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the sample detector assembly.

[0028] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the sample mounting components.

[0029] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the sample mounting base.

[0030] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Another perspective view.

[0031] Figure 15 yes Figure 12 An assembly diagram of the sample holder assembly, mounting base, and base plate.

[0032] Figure 16 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the detector and its second support component.

[0033] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the shielding cap.

[0034] Figure 18 yes Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the back structure of the shielding cap.

[0035] Figure 19 yes Figure 16 Another perspective view.

[0036] Figure 20 yes Figure 16 A bottom view.

[0037] Figure 21 yes Figure 11 Another perspective view.

[0038] Figure 22 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the bearing housing and the shim block.

[0039] Figure 23 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the guide plate mounting assembly.

[0040] Figure 24 yes Figure 10 Assembly diagram of the guide plate mounting assembly, bearing housing and shim block.

[0041] Figure 25 Show Figure 3 The first support component of the crystal assembly is fitted with the guide plate mounting component of the detector assembly.

[0042] Figure 26 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the electric linear displacement stage and guide plate mounting assembly.

[0043] Figure 27 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the sample detector assembly and the electric linear displacement stage.

[0044] Figure 28 yes Figure 3 Another perspective view.

[0045] Figure 29 It corresponds to Figure 2 of Figure 3 The first top view.

[0046] Figure 30 It corresponds to Figure 2 of Figure 3 The second top view. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0048] This invention is based on the Loland circle imaging principle and uses a spherical curved crystal as the analytical crystal. The diameter of the corresponding Loland circle is the radius of the analytical crystal. The principle is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the incident light 2 emitted from the X-ray source point 1 is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal 3, and the focused reflected light 4, after passing through the sample 5, is received by the first silicon drift detector 7. The X-ray scattered light 8 scattered by the sample 5 is received by the second silicon drift detector 9. The angle 12 between the incident light 2 at the spherical curved crystal 3 and the tangent 11 of the dynamic Rowland circle 10 (whose position changes constantly during energy scanning, but the relative positions of the source point 1, the spherical curved crystal 3, and the sample 5 must always be on this circle) is the Bragg angle. Changing this angle value and using spherical curved crystals 3 with different materials and index surfaces can change the energy used for scanning. In a preferred embodiment, a commercial XRD type X-ray source is used, which has a large mass. To ensure good positional stability of the optical path during the operation of the energy scanning mechanism, the position of the X-ray source is fixed (i.e., the position of the source point 1 is fixed). The spherical curved crystal 3, sample 5, and detectors 7 and 9 are respectively equipped with electrically driven high-precision displacement stages (not shown here) and precisely linked according to the aforementioned Rowland circle configuration to achieve absorption spectrum acquisition of different samples within the energy range corresponding to the Bragg angle of 54.5°~85.5°. The optical path corresponding to this Bragg angle range is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the incident light 2 emitted from light source point 1 remains in the same direction. The spherical curved crystal corresponding to the 54.5° Bragg angle 13 is located at position 14. Its monochromatic focused reflected light 21 passes through the sample at position 22. At this time, the center of the dynamic Rowland circle 17 is located at position 18. The spherical curved crystal corresponding to the 85.5° Bragg angle 19 is located at position 20. Its monochromatic focused reflected light 15 passes through the sample at position 16. At this time, the center of the dynamic Rowland circle 23 is located at position 24.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the energy scanning mechanism according to the present invention includes a radiation source assembly 100, a crystal assembly 200, and a detector assembly 300 mounted on a base plate 25. See also... Figures 1-2 and Figures 29-30 The X-ray source assembly 100 includes an X-ray source 319 and a support adjustment mechanism for supporting the X-ray source 319; the crystal assembly 200 includes spherical curved crystals 3, 321 and a first linear movement mechanism that allows the spherical curved crystals 3, 321 to move along the direction of the incident light 2, 320; and the detector assembly 300 includes a sample detector assembly 301 (see [link to sample detector assembly 301]). Figure 10 The sample detector assembly 301 includes a second linear movement mechanism and a third linear movement mechanism that allow the sample detector assembly 301 to move in two directions. The sample detector assembly 301 consists of a first detector 7, 325 and a second detector 9, 327 arranged vertically. The incident light 2, 320 is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal 3, 321, and the focused reflected light 4, 15, 21, 322, 329 is transmitted through the sample 5, 323. The X-ray transmitted light 6, 324, 330 is received by the first detector 7, 325. The X-ray scattered light 8, 326, 331 scattered by the sample 5, 323 is received by the second detector 9, 327.

[0050] The structure of the radiation source assembly 100 is described in CN116398761A and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that radiation source assemblies with other structures can also be used in this invention.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the crystal assembly 200 includes a spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201, an electric turntable 202, a first support assembly 203, and a first electric linear displacement stage 204. The spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201 are fixedly connected to the electric turntable 202, the electric turntable 202 is fixedly connected to the first support assembly 203, the first support assembly 203 is fixedly connected to the first electric linear displacement stage 204, and the first electric linear displacement stage 204 is mounted on the base plate 25.

[0052] The structure of the spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201 is described in CN219162021U, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that other structures of spherical bent crystals and their positioning and mounting assemblies can also be used in this invention.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201 are connected to the electric turntable 202 by screws 206.

[0054] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first support component 203 includes a disc 2031, a cylinder 2032 and a rectangular base plate 2033, which are connected to each other by screws 2034.

[0055] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the positioning of the spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201 and the electric turntable 202 with the first support assembly 203 is accomplished by three cylindrical positioning pins 207 and is installed and connected by screws 208.

[0056] The spherical bent crystal and its positioning and mounting assembly 201, the electric turntable 202, and the first support assembly 203 are connected to the first electric linear displacement stage 204 by screws 205, thus completing the overall assembly of the crystal assembly 200. Figure 4 As shown.

[0057] like Figure 10 As shown, the detection assembly 300 includes a sample detector assembly 301, a second electrically driven linear displacement stage 302, a guide plate mounting assembly 303, a bearing seat 304, a shim block 305, and a third electrically driven linear displacement stage 306. The sample detector assembly 301 is mounted on the second electrically driven linear displacement stage 302, which is fixedly connected to the guide plate mounting assembly 303. The guide plate mounting assembly 303 is rotatably mounted on the third electrically driven linear displacement stage 306 via the bearing seat 304 and the shim block 305. The third electrically driven linear displacement stage 306 is mounted on the base plate 25 and has a large stroke. That is, the stroke achieved by the third electrically driven linear displacement stage 306 is greater than that of the second electrically driven linear displacement stage 302 and also greater than that of the first electrically driven linear displacement stage 204.

[0058] like Figure 11 As shown, the sample detector assembly 301 includes a sample mounting assembly 3011 mounted on a mounting plate 3013 and two identical detectors mounted at 90° to the center of the sample mounting assembly 3011, and their second support assembly 3012.

[0059] like Figure 12As shown, the sample mounting assembly 3011 consists of a sample holder assembly 30111, a sample mounting base 30112, and a base plate 30113. The sample holder assembly 30111 is fixedly connected to the sample mounting base 30112, the sample mounting base 30112 is fixedly connected to the base plate 30113, and the base plate 30113 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 3013 (see [reference]). Figure 21 )superior.

[0060] The structure of sample holder assembly 30111 is described in CN116380941A and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that sample holder assemblies with other structures can also be used in this invention. Sample holder assembly 30111 is provided as a high-radioactivity sample holder assembly, meaning that an isolation and protective structure is provided between the front cover plate and the substrate, and between the rear cover plate and the substrate, to isolate the placed high-radioactivity sample from the outside, allowing the high-radioactivity sample to be used for relevant energy spectrum analysis in a conventional laboratory spectrometer. Here, high-radioactivity samples refer to samples containing actinide radioactive elements such as actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, and neptunium. Thus, this invention, when used in a laboratory spectrometer, is suitable for energy scanning mechanisms that acquire X-ray absorption spectra of samples containing actinide and other radioactive elements. This allows the laboratory spectrometer to meet the absorption spectrum acquisition requirements of high-radioactivity samples such as actinide and various conventional samples, and can simultaneously acquire transmitted X-ray signals and scattered X-ray fluorescence signals at the sample, with an energy scanning mechanism achieving a Bragg angle range of 54.5°~85.5°.

[0061] like Figure 13 As shown, the sample mounting base 30112 is cylindrical with a rectangular groove 26 at the top. When the sample holder assembly 30111 is placed onto the bottom surface 27 of the rectangular groove 26, a threaded hole 29 is provided on the flat surface 28 on one side of the cylinder, through which the sample holder can pass. Figure 12 Screw 30114 pushes the sample holder assembly 30111 onto the plane 30 on one side of the rectangular groove 26 to complete the installation of the sample holder assembly 30111. It should be noted that commercial standard samples and conventional non-radioactive sample assemblies (not shown here) can be installed onto the sample mounting base 30112 in the above manner to perform the required X-ray absorption spectrum acquisition.

[0062] like Figure 14 As shown, the mounting base 30112 has a threaded hole 31 at the center of its bottom surface, and threaded holes 32 are symmetrically opened on both sides.

[0063] The positioning of the high-radioactivity sample holder assembly 30111, the mounting base 30112, and the base plate 30113 is accomplished by an externally threaded cylindrical locating pin 30116 passing through the threaded hole 31, and the overall installation of the three components is achieved by two screws 30117. Figure 15 As shown.

[0064] like Figure 16As shown, the detector and its second support assembly 3012 include a commercial silicon drift detector 30121, a Z-shaped thin plate 30122, a shielding cap 30123, a connector 30124, a base plate 30125, and a support 30126. The detector 30121 is connected to the Z-shaped thin plate 30122 via a screw-washer assembly 30127 and mounted to the base plate 30125 via screws 30128. The shielding cap 30123 is mounted to the base plate 30125 via the connector 30124. The base plate 30125 is fixedly connected to the support 30126, and the support 30126 is fixedly mounted on a mounting plate 3013 (see [reference]). Figure 21 )superior.

[0065] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the shielding cap 30123 has a thin cylindrical structure. A rectangular through hole 34 is opened on the front 33, a blind hole 36 of a certain depth is opened in the center of the back 35, and threaded holes 37 of a certain depth are symmetrically opened on both sides.

[0066] like Figure 19 As shown, the shielding cap 30123 is connected to the connecting seat 30124 by screws 30132 and is mounted to the base plate 30125 by screws 30129. The connecting seat 30124 has a U-shaped through hole 38 in the middle, which allows the head area 39 of the detector 30121 to extend into the blind hole 36 on the shielding cap 30123.

[0067] Combination Figure 16 and Figure 20 The positioning between the two supports 30126 and the base plate 30125 is achieved by external thread cylindrical positioning pins 30133, and the connection between the three is achieved by screws 30130, thus completing the assembly of the entire detector and its second support assembly 3012.

[0068] like Figure 21 As shown, the sample mounting assembly 3011 and the two sets of detectors and their second support assembly 3012 are all positioned by the external threaded cylindrical locating pin 3014 and the L-shaped mounting plate 3013, and are respectively connected to the L-shaped mounting plate 3013 by screws 30115 and screw washer combination 30131 to complete the overall assembly of the sample detector assembly 301.

[0069] like Figure 22 As shown, the bearing housing 304 and the shim block 305 are connected by four screws 307. The bearing 309 is installed in the cylindrical groove 3041 in the bearing housing 304, and its outer ring 40 is connected to the bearing housing 304 by six screws 310. The bearing 309, bearing housing 304, and shim block 305 are installed as a whole onto the third electric linear displacement stage 306 by four screws 308. Figure 10 As shown.

[0070] like Figure 23 As shown, the guide plate mounting assembly 303 includes an adapter plate 3031, a guide plate 3032, and a connecting block 3033. The adapter plate 3031 is connected to the guide plate 3032 by screws 3034. The guide plate 3032 has a U-shaped groove 41. The connecting block 3033 is connected to the opening of the U-shaped groove 41 of the guide plate 3032 by screws 3035 to improve the structural rigidity of the entire guide plate mounting assembly 303.

[0071] like Figure 24 As shown, the adapter plate 3031 is connected to the inner ring 43 of the bearing 309 by screws 311 to connect the guide plate mounting assembly 303 to the bearing housing 304 and the shim block 305, thereby enabling the guide plate mounting assembly 303 to be rotatably mounted relative to the third electric linear displacement stage 306.

[0072] like Figure 25 As shown, the two sides 42 of the long U-shaped groove 41 on the guide plate 3032 form an H7 / h7 small clearance fit with the cylindrical surface 44 of the cylinder 2032 of the first support component 203 of the crystal assembly 200, so that the geometric center of the sample can always be aligned with the geometric center of the spherical curved crystal 45 during energy scanning. Compared with the prior art, which uses two driven turntables and a set of linear guide pairs to align the sample center with the crystal center during energy scanning, the present invention is low in cost.

[0073] like Figure 26 As shown, the second electric linear displacement stage 302 is positioned between itself and the adapter plate 3031 by an externally threaded cylindrical locating pin 312, and is connected to the adapter plate 3031 by screws 313.

[0074] like Figure 27 As shown, the L-shaped mounting plate 3013 in the sample detector assembly 301 is connected to the second electric linear displacement stage 302 by four screws 314.

[0075] The sample mounting assembly 3011, the two sets of detectors, and their second support assembly 3012 are arranged as follows: Figure 21 After positioning and installing it on the L-shaped mounting plate 3013 as shown, the overall assembly of the detection assembly 300 can be completed. Figure 10 As shown.

[0076] like Figure 28 As shown, the positioning of the X-ray source assembly 100, crystal assembly 200 and detector assembly 300 with the base plate 25 is accomplished by several externally threaded cylindrical positioning pins 315, and they are respectively installed on the base plate 25 by several screws 316 and screws 317 to complete the assembly of the entire energy scanning mechanism.

[0077] like Figure 29As shown, when the Bragg angle 318 is 54.5°, the incident light 320 emitted from the X-ray source 319 is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal 321 and focused reflected light 322. The transmitted X-ray 324 after passing through the sample 323 is received by the detector 325, while the fluorescent X-ray 326 scattered by the sample 323 is received by the detector 327.

[0078] like Figure 30 As shown, when the Bragg angle 328 is 85.5°, the incident light 320 emitted from the X-ray source 319 is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal 321 and focused reflected light 329. The transmitted X-ray 330 after passing through the sample 323 is received by the detector 325, while the fluorescent X-ray 331 scattered by the sample 323 is received by the detector 327.

[0079] The energy scanning mechanism provided by this invention has been described in detail above. The principle and components of the energy scanning mechanism have been explained in this document. The above description is only intended to help understand the method and core idea of ​​this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An energy scanning mechanism, characterized in that, The energy scanning mechanism includes a radiation source assembly (100), a crystal assembly (200), and a detector assembly (300). The radiation source assembly (100) includes an X-ray source (319). The crystal assembly (200) includes a spherical curved crystal (3, 321) and a first linear motion mechanism that allows the spherical curved crystal (3, 321) to move along the direction of the incident light (2, 320). The spherical curved crystal (3, 321) is fixedly connected to an electric turntable (202), which is fixedly connected to the first linear motion mechanism. The detector assembly (300) includes a sample detector assembly (301) and second and third linear motion mechanisms that allow the sample detector assembly (301) to move in two directions. The detector assembly (301) is mounted on the second linear moving mechanism, which is rotatably mounted on the third linear moving mechanism. The X-ray source (319), the spherical curved crystal (3, 321), and the sample detector assembly (301) are precisely linked in a Rowland circle configuration. The sample detector assembly includes first and second detectors (301) arranged vertically. The incident light (2, 320) is monochromated by the spherical curved crystal (3, 321), and the X-ray transmitted light through the sample is received by the first detector (7, 325). The X-ray scattered light scattered by the sample is received by the second detector (9, 327) to achieve the acquisition of absorption spectra of different samples within the energy range corresponding to the Bragg angle of 54.5°~85.5°.

2. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first linear movement mechanism is a first electric linear displacement stage (204). The spherical curved crystal (3, 321) is mounted on the first electric linear displacement stage (204) through the first support component (203) to realize the movement of the spherical curved crystal (3, 321) along the incident light direction.

3. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second and third linear movement mechanisms are the second and third electric linear displacement stages. The sample detector assembly (301) is mounted on the second electric linear displacement stage (302). The second electric linear displacement stage (302) is fixedly connected to the guide plate mounting assembly (303). The guide plate mounting assembly (303) is rotatably mounted on the third electric linear displacement stage (306) through the bearing seat (304).

4. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first support assembly (203) has a cylinder (2032), and the guide plate mounting assembly (303) has a long U-shaped groove (41). The two sides of the long U-shaped groove (41) form a small clearance fit with the cylindrical surface of the cylinder (2032).

5. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing (309) is installed in the cylindrical groove of the bearing housing (304), the outer ring of the bearing (309) is fixedly connected to the bearing housing (304), and the inner ring of the bearing (309) is connected to the guide plate mounting assembly (303).

6. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bearing housing (304) is mounted on the third electric linear displacement stage (306) via a shim (305).

7. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample detector assembly (301) includes a sample mounting assembly (3011) and two identical detectors mounted at 90° to the center of the sample mounting assembly (3011) and their second support assembly (3012).

8. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sample mounting assembly (3011) includes a sample holder assembly (30111), which is provided as a high-radioactivity sample holder assembly.

9. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sample mounting assembly (3011) also includes a sample mounting base (30112) with a rectangular groove (26) on the top. When the sample holder assembly (30111) is placed on the bottom surface (27) of the rectangular groove (26), the fastener pushes the sample holder assembly (30111) against the plane (30) on one side of the rectangular groove (26) from the side.

10. The energy scanning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detector and its second support assembly (3012) include a Z-shaped thin plate (30122), a shielding cap (30123), a connecting seat (30124), and a base plate (30125). The first and second detectors are mounted on the base plate (30125) via the Z-shaped thin plate (30122), and the shielding cap (30123) is mounted on the base plate (30125) in the head region of the first and second detectors via the connecting seat (30124).

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