Method, device and computer storage medium for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a method and device for suppressing multiple waves in ocean exploration and a computer storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration. The embodiment of the present application corrects the data of a detection point, corrects the real detection point to the sea level, and thus the shot point and the corrected virtual detection point are located on the sea level. In this way, the SRME technology can be used to suppress multiple waves based on the original shot point data and the corrected detection point data. The method provided by the embodiment of the present application can suppress multiple waves based on the SRME technology without the need of combining the towed cable data in the work area, reduces the operation required for suppressing multiple waves based on the SRME technology, and thus improves the efficiency of the multiple wave suppression process. In addition, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can suppress multiple waves without the need of previously exploring the depth of the work area, and thus can be applied to work areas of various exploration depths, and improves the application flexibility of the embodiment of the present application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of marine exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, and computer storage medium for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration. Background Technology

[0002] An OBN (ocean bottom node) is a multi-component seismograph deployed on the seabed that can independently acquire and record seismic signals. OBN exploration technology involves: generating seismic signals at shot points on the sea surface, and then using the OBN as a receiver to acquire relevant information about the seismic signals. The data obtained from OBN exploration is called OBN data, which is subsequently used to analyze seabed morphology. OBN data records not only the seismic signal emitted from the shot point after one reflection from the seabed strata (i.e., the primary wave), but also the seismic signal emitted from the source after multiple reflections from the seabed strata (i.e., the multiple waves). However, when analyzing seabed morphology, only the primary wave is considered valid; therefore, it is necessary to filter out the multiple wave data from the OBN data. This process is also called multiple wave suppression. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, apparatus, and computer storage medium for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, which can improve the efficiency and flexibility of suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] On the one hand, a method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration is provided, the method comprising:

[0005] Obtain seabed node OBN data, which includes raw shot point data and raw geophone data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point. The raw geophone data indicates data related to the actual geophone point and the seismic signal received by the actual geophone point.

[0006] Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver point data, corrected receiver point data is determined. The corrected receiver point data indicates the virtual receiver point and the data related to the seismic signal received by the virtual receiver point. The virtual receiver point refers to the receiver point that corrects the real receiver point to the sea level.

[0007] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, multiple wave elimination (SRME) technology is used to filter out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data in order to suppress multiple waves.

[0008] Optionally, determining the corrected receiver point data based on the original shot point data and the original receiver point data includes:

[0009] Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data, a first correction time shift is determined. The first correction time shift indicates the difference between a first duration and a second duration. The first duration is the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the virtual receiver, and the second duration is the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the original receiver.

[0010] Based on the first corrected time shift, the time point in the original receiver data where the seismic signal was received is corrected to the target time point to obtain the corrected receiver data. The target time point is the time point in the virtual receiver where the seismic signal was received.

[0011] Optionally, the step of filtering out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data includes:

[0012] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0013] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0014] Based on the corrected multiple wave model, data related to multiple waves are filtered out from the OBN data.

[0015] Optionally, determining the first correction time shift based on the original shot point data and the original receiver point data includes:

[0016] The first duration is determined based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that transmit seismic signals in the original geophone point data.

[0017] The second duration is determined based on the time point at which the original shot point emitted the seismic signal in the original shot point data and the time point at which the original receiver point received the seismic signal in the original receiver point data;

[0018] The difference between the first duration and the second duration is determined as the first corrected time shift.

[0019] Optionally, determining the first duration based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that emitted the seismic signal in the original geophone point data includes:

[0020] Based on the position information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the position information of the original receiver point in the original receiver point data, the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the original receiver point is determined, and the horizontal distance is the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point;

[0021] Based on the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original receiver point data, the transmission path distance of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point is determined.

[0022] The first duration is determined based on the distance of the transmission path and the propagation speed of the seismic signal in the seabed strata.

[0023] Optionally, the original firing point is located below sea level;

[0024] After obtaining the OBN data, the method further includes:

[0025] The second correction time shift is determined based on the depth of the original shot point below sea level and the flow velocity of the seawater.

[0026] Based on the second correction time shift, the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data is corrected to obtain the corrected original shot point data. The corrected original shot point data is then updated to the original shot point data, and the operation of determining the corrected receiver data based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data is performed.

[0027] Optionally, the step of filtering out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data includes:

[0028] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0029] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift and the second correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the relevant data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0030] Based on the corrected multiple wave model, data related to multiple waves are filtered out from the OBN data.

[0031] On the other hand, a device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration is provided, the device comprising:

[0032] The acquisition module is used to acquire seabed node OBN data, which includes raw shot point data and raw geophone data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point, and the raw geophone data indicates data related to the actual geophone and the seismic signal received by the actual geophone.

[0033] The determination module is used to determine corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data. The corrected geophone data indicates virtual geophones and data related to the seismic signals received by the virtual geophones. The virtual geophones refer to geophones that have been corrected to sea level from the real geophones.

[0034] The suppression module is used to filter out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, using multiple wave elimination SRME technology, in order to suppress multiple waves.

[0035] Optionally, the determining module is used to:

[0036] Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data, a first correction time shift is determined. The first correction time shift indicates the difference between a first duration and a second duration. The first duration is the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the virtual receiver, and the second duration is the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the original receiver.

[0037] Based on the first corrected time shift, the time point in the original receiver data where the seismic signal was received is corrected to the target time point to obtain the corrected receiver data. The target time point is the time point in the virtual receiver where the seismic signal was received.

[0038] Optionally, the compression module is used for:

[0039] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0040] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0041] Based on the corrected multiple wave model, data related to multiple waves are filtered out from the OBN data.

[0042] Optionally, the determining module is used to:

[0043] The first duration is determined based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that transmit seismic signals in the original geophone point data.

[0044] The second duration is determined based on the time point at which the original shot point emitted the seismic signal in the original shot point data and the time point at which the original receiver point received the seismic signal in the original receiver point data;

[0045] The difference between the first duration and the second duration is determined as the first corrected time shift.

[0046] Optionally, determining the first duration based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that emitted the seismic signal in the original geophone point data includes:

[0047] Based on the position information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the position information of the original receiver point in the original receiver point data, the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the original receiver point is determined, and the horizontal distance is the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point;

[0048] Based on the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original receiver point data, the transmission path distance of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point is determined.

[0049] The first duration is determined based on the distance of the transmission path and the propagation speed of the seismic signal in the seabed strata.

[0050] Optionally, the original firing point is located below sea level;

[0051] The determining module is also used for:

[0052] The second correction time shift is determined based on the depth of the original shot point below sea level and the flow velocity of the seawater.

[0053] Based on the second correction time shift, the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data is corrected to obtain the corrected original shot point data. The corrected original shot point data is then updated to the original shot point data, and the operation of determining the corrected receiver data based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data is performed.

[0054] Optionally, the compression module is used for:

[0055] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0056] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift and the second correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the relevant data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0057] Based on the corrected multiple wave model, data related to multiple waves are filtered out from the OBN data.

[0058] On the other hand, a device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration is provided, the device including a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus;

[0059] The processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus.

[0060] The memory is used to store computer programs;

[0061] The processor is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the aforementioned method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration.

[0062] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the aforementioned method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration.

[0063] On the other hand, a computer program product containing instructions is provided that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the aforementioned method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following:

[0065] This application embodiment corrects the receiver data to align the actual receivers to the sea level, ensuring that both the shot point and the corrected virtual receivers are located at sea level. This allows for multiple wave suppression using SRME technology based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data. The method provided in this application embodiment achieves multiple wave suppression based on SRME technology without requiring data from towed cables within the work area, reducing the operations needed for multiple wave suppression and thus improving the efficiency of the multiple wave suppression process. Furthermore, the method provided in this application embodiment can perform multiple wave suppression without prior depth exploration of the work area, making it adaptable to work areas at various exploration depths and increasing the application flexibility of this application embodiment. Attached Figure Description

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0067] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a prediction of a multiple wave model using SRME technology, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation of multiple waves during OBN exploration, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a real detector point is corrected to sea level, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] Figure 5 This is an imaging profile of OBN data before multiple wave suppression provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 6 This application provides an embodiment of an imaging result obtained by attenuating multiples after predicting a multiple model using the method provided in this application embodiment, through adaptive subtraction.

[0073] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a terminal TH00 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a server structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0077] To facilitate subsequent explanations, the application scenarios of the embodiments of this application will be explained first.

[0078] In recent years, with the continuous development of marine energy, various exploration technologies applied to marine energy have developed rapidly. Among them, OBN exploration technology has advantages such as high flexibility, system deployment, and convenient recovery, and has solved the problems of traditional marine exploration being affected by seawater flow and towline drift. Therefore, OBN exploration technology has been widely used.

[0079] Furthermore, in marine seismic exploration, interference from multiples is a long-standing problem. Unsuppressed multiples can be mistakenly identified as primary waves or as part of a primary wave (i.e., effective signals). This mixing of multiples with effective signals reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of OBN data. Moreover, multiples can interfere with the accuracy of velocity analysis, leading to inaccurate migration imaging and potentially generating false reflection phase axes, thus misleading seismic interpretation. Therefore, multiple suppression is particularly important in OBN data processing.

[0080] Currently, the most commonly used method for suppressing multiples in land geological exploration is the SRME technique. Its basic principle is to treat free-surface multiples as a convolution of the wavefield at the shot point and the wavefield at the receiver point, thereby predicting the multiple model. The specific implementation process of the SRME technique consists of two steps: model prediction and signal-to-noise separation. First, the multiple model is obtained through the self-convolution of the seismic data. Then, adaptive subtraction is used to subtract it from the original seismic data, resulting in seismic data after multiple suppression.

[0081] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a prediction of a multiple wave model using SRME technology, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the × symbol marks the shot point, the black dot symbol marks the receiver point, and the downward arrow marks the reflection point that produces multiple waves. Figure 1 As shown, after the seismic signal is emitted from the shot point, it is reflected in the strata. The reflected signal is then reflected again at the reflection point, and so on. Finally, the signal is received by the receiver point after a third reflection. That is, Figure 1 The intermediate detector point detected a multiple wave.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the multiple wave can be considered as the convolution of the first wave detected by the reflection point after the seismic signal is emitted from the shot point, and the first wave detected by the geophone point after the seismic signal is emitted from the reflection point. That is, the constructed multiple wave model is the convolution of the first wave detected by the reflection point after the seismic signal is emitted from the shot point, and the first wave detected by the geophone point after the seismic signal is emitted from the reflection point.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, when constructing multiple wave models using SRME technology, both the shot point and the receiver are located on the land surface, meaning they are essentially on the same plane. However, a significant difference between OBN exploration and land / towed seismic exploration is that in OBN exploration, the shot point is on the sea surface while the receiver is on the seabed. Therefore, it is impossible to find data in OBN where both the shot point and receiver are on the sea surface, making the conventional SRME method unsuitable for OBN exploration.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the generation of multiple waves during OBN exploration, provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the × symbol marks the shot point, the black dot symbol marks the receiver point, and the downward arrow marks the reflection point that produces multiple waves. Figure 2 As shown, after a seismic signal is emitted from a shot point located at the sea surface, the signal is reflected in the strata. The reflected signal then reflects again at the point of reflection, and the second reflected signal is received by a geophone on the seabed. That is, Figure 1 The intermediate detector point detected a multiple wave.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, if the multiple wave model is predicted using SRME technology, the constructed multiple wave model is: the first wave detected by the reflection point on the sea surface after the seismic signal is emitted from the shot point on the sea surface, and the first wave detected by the seabed receiver point after the seismic signal is emitted from the reflection point on the sea surface. The convolution of these two first waves is as follows:

[0086] However, in OBN data, all receivers are located on the seabed. Therefore, if a transmitter on the sea surface receives a primary wave as a receiver, the corresponding data for that primary wave cannot be found in the OBN data. Consequently, SRME technology cannot be directly used in OBN exploration.

[0087] Currently, the main methods for suppressing multiples in OBN data include the following: The first method is model-based prediction of water-layer multiples. This method requires establishing a seawater velocity model and can only suppress multiples related to water layers. The second method is wavefield extrapolation, which theoretically can predict all types of multiples, but requires establishing an accurate velocity model for the subsurface medium. The third method combines OBN data and towed cable data within the work area to predict multiple models using SRME technology, but this method is only suitable for work areas with a high degree of exploration. All of these methods have certain limitations.

[0088] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a method for applying SRME technology to OBN data for multiple wave suppression. This method eliminates the need for prior exploration of the work area, improving the flexibility of multiple wave suppression applications.

[0089] The following is a detailed explanation of the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0090] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, as provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be applied to any device capable of processing data, such as computer equipment or servers. Please refer to... Figure 3 The method includes the following steps.

[0091] Step 301: Acquire OBN data, which includes raw shot point data and raw receiver data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point. The raw receiver data indicates data related to the actual receiver point and the seismic signal received by the actual receiver point.

[0092] OBN data refers to the seismic data collected during OBN exploration. OBN data is also known as OBN information.

[0093] For example, the raw shot point data includes parameters such as the location of the source vessel (i.e., the actual shot point), the frequency, amplitude, and time of the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point. The raw geophone point data includes parameters such as the location of the OBN (i.e., the actual geophone point), the frequency, amplitude, and time of the seismic signal detected by the actual geophone point.

[0094] It should be noted that a large number of shot points and receiver points are deployed during OBN exploration. Therefore, OBN data includes a significant amount of raw shot point data and raw receiver point data. For ease of understanding, the raw shot point data and raw receiver point data discussed below refer to data for the same transmitted seismic signal. In other words, the OBN data is categorized according to the seismic signal, and the raw shot point data and raw receiver point data in each category are for the same transmitted seismic signal. For example, each category includes the raw shot point data corresponding to a single actual shot point, and the raw receiver point data corresponding to multiple actual receiver points that detected the seismic signal emitted by that actual shot point.

[0095] Step 302: Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver point data, determine the corrected receiver point data. The corrected receiver point data indicates the virtual receiver point and the data related to the seismic signal received by the virtual receiver point. The virtual receiver point refers to the receiver point that has been corrected to the sea level from the real receiver point.

[0096] To apply SRME technology to OBN exploration, real geophones located on the seabed can be corrected to the sea level to obtain virtual geophones corresponding to the real geophones. The original geophone data is then corrected accordingly to obtain corrected geophone data. In other words, the seismic signals received by the real geophones are corrected to the seismic signals received by the virtual geophones.

[0097] In some embodiments, the process of determining the corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data can be as follows: Based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data, a first correction time shift is determined, the first correction time shift indicating the difference between a first duration and a second duration, the first duration being the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the virtual geophone, and the second duration being the duration of the seismic signal transmission from the original shot point to the original geophone; based on the first correction time shift, the time point in the original geophone data where the seismic signal is received is corrected to the target time point to obtain the corrected geophone data, the target time point being the time point at which the virtual geophone receives the seismic signal.

[0098] Since the original geophone data usually records the time point when the seismic signal was received, and after the real geophones are corrected to sea level, the time point when the virtual geophones receive the same seismic signal is obviously longer than the time point when the real geophones receive the same seismic signal, the time point when the seismic signal is received in the original geophone data can be corrected to the time point when the seismic signal is received by the virtual geophones to obtain corrected geophone data.

[0099] The process of correcting the time point of receiving the seismic signal in the original geophone data to the target time point based on the first correction time shift can be understood as adding the first correction time shift to the time point of receiving the seismic signal in the original geophone data so that the corrected time point can represent the time point of receiving the seismic signal at the virtual geophone located on the sea level.

[0100] In this embodiment, a virtual geophone can be understood as a geophone located at the same vertical position on the sea surface as a real geophone. In this scenario, the method for determining the first correction time shift based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data can be as follows: a first duration is determined based on the location information of the original shot point in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone in the original geophone data, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original geophone data; a second duration is determined based on the time point at which the original shot point emitted the seismic signal in the original shot point data and the time point at which the original geophone received the seismic signal in the original geophone data; and the difference between the first duration and the second duration is determined as the first correction time shift.

[0101] When the location information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the location information of the original geophone in the original geophone data are known, the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the virtual geophone can be obtained. Knowing the horizontal distance and the depth information of the reflection point is equivalent to knowing the length of one side of a triangle and the altitude on that side. Using the relevant information about the triangle, the sum of the other two sides can be calculated, and this sum represents the path length of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual geophone. After determining the path length of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual geophone, the first duration can be determined based on the average velocity of the seabed medium.

[0102] Based on this, the process of determining the first duration, using the location information of the original shot point in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone in the original geophone data, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original geophone data, can be as follows: Based on the location information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the location information of the original geophone in the original geophone data, determine the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the original geophone; the horizontal distance is the distance between the original shot point and the virtual geophone; based on the distance between the original shot point and the virtual geophone, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original geophone data, determine the distance of the transmission path of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual geophone; based on the distance of the transmission path and the propagation speed of the seismic signal in the seabed strata, determine the first duration. Then, determine the first time shift.

[0103] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a real detector point is corrected to sea level, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4As shown, S represents the shot point, R represents the actual receiver point, and R' represents the virtual receiver point, with R' directly above R. Figure 4 The path shown by the dashed line is the path of the seismic signal transmitted from the shot point to the virtual receiver point. Figure 4 The solid line in the middle represents the path of the seismic signal from the shot point to the actual receiver point. The difference in transmission time between these two paths is the first time shift.

[0104] Alternatively, the positional relationship between the virtual detector and the real detector can be set in other ways, and the first duration can be determined based on the set positional relationship, thereby determining the first time shift. Examples of this application will not be described one by one here.

[0105] Furthermore, the original shot point data recorded above represents the location of the seismic source vessel at sea level. However, during OBN exploration, seismic signals are generated downwards using air guns on the source vessel, and the muzzle of these air guns is typically submerged at a certain depth below sea level. Therefore, the original shot point data does not accurately reflect the actual shot point locations. To further improve the accuracy of multiple wave suppression, the original shot point data can be corrected so that the corrected data corresponds to the shot point data at sea level.

[0106] Therefore, optionally, in some embodiments, the original shot point data can be corrected at the same time as the original receiver point data.

[0107] The method for correcting the original shot point data can be as follows: based on the depth of the original shot point below the sea level and the flow velocity of the seawater, determine the second correction time shift; based on the second correction time shift, correct the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data to obtain the corrected original shot point data, so that the corrected original shot point data can be updated to the original shot point data in the future, and the operation of determining the corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data can be performed.

[0108] Through the above corrections, both the original shot point and the original receiver point can be corrected to the sea level, so as to facilitate subsequent prediction of multiple wave models using SRME technology.

[0109] The correction of the time point of the seismic signal in the original shot point data based on the second correction time shift can be understood as: subtracting the second correction time shift from the time point of the seismic signal in the original shot point data so that the corrected time point can represent the time point of the seismic signal emitted by the shot point located at sea level.

[0110] Step 303: Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, the SRME (Suppress Multiple Waves) technique is used to filter out data related to multiple waves from the OBN (On-Board Number) data in order to suppress multiple waves.

[0111] As can be seen from step 302, the original shot point data can be either the corrected original shot point data or the original shot point data before correction. If the original shot point data is the corrected original shot point data, the shot point corresponding to the corrected original shot point data and the receiver point corresponding to the corrected receiver point data are located on the same sea level. Therefore, the multiple wave model can be predicted using SRME technology, and multiple wave suppression can then be performed. If the original shot point data is the original shot point data before correction, since the air gun muzzle is not very far from the sea level, the shot point corresponding to the original shot point data before correction and the receiver point corresponding to the corrected receiver point data are basically located on the same sea level. Similarly, the multiple wave model can be predicted using SRME technology, and multiple wave suppression can then be performed.

[0112] The following will explain step 303 in two different scenarios.

[0113] Scenario 1: The original shot point data is the original shot point data before correction.

[0114] In Scenario 1, the process of filtering out data related to multiples from OBN data based on original shot point data and corrected receiver data can be as follows: Based on the original shot point data and corrected receiver data, an initial multiple model is predicted using SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the multiple data related to multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver. The initial multiple model is corrected based on a first correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the multiple data related to multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver. Based on the corrected multiple model, data related to multiples is filtered out from the OBN data.

[0115] Since the multiples model is based on the corrected receiver data, if the deviation between the actual shot point and the source ship's position is not considered, the predicted multiples are equivalent to the multiples generated between the actual shot point and the receiver point on the sea surface. However, the actual multiples are generated between the actual shot point and the receiver point on the seabed. Therefore, in order to subtract the actual multiples data from the OBN data, the initial predicted multiples model needs to be corrected so that the corrected multiples model can represent the multiples generated between the shot point on the sea surface and the receiver point on the seabed.

[0116] Based on this, the initial multiple wave model is corrected based on the first correction time shift. The specific implementation of the corrected multiple wave model can be as follows: reduce the time point in the initial multiple wave model that indicates the virtual receiver point to receive the seismic signal by the first correction time shift, so that the receiver point in the initial multiple wave model is corrected back to the real receiver point.

[0117] Scenario 2: The original shot point data is the corrected original shot point data.

[0118] In scenario two, the process of filtering out data related to multiples from OBN data based on the corrected original shot point data and corrected receiver data can be as follows: Based on the corrected original shot point data and corrected receiver data, an initial multiple model is predicted using SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the multiple data related to multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver. The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first and second correction time shifts to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the multiple data related to multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver. Based on the corrected multiple model, data related to multiples is filtered out from the OBN data.

[0119] Since the multiples model is predicted based on corrected shot point data and corrected receiver data, the predicted multiples are equivalent to the multiples generated between the shot point and the receiver at the sea level. However, the actual multiples are the multiples generated between the real shot point at a certain depth below the sea level and the receiver at the seabed. Therefore, in order to subtract the actual multiples data from the OBN data, the initial predicted multiples model needs to be corrected so that the corrected multiples model can represent the multiples generated between the real shot point at a certain depth below the sea level and the receiver at the seabed.

[0120] Based on this, the initial multiple model is corrected using the first and second correction time shifts. The specific implementation of the corrected multiple model is as follows: The first correction time shift is reduced by the time point in the initial multiple model indicating the virtual receiver point's seismic signal reception, so that the receiver point in the initial multiple model is corrected back to the actual receiver point. The second correction time shift is added to the time point in the initial multiple model indicating the shot point's seismic signal emission, so that the shot point in the initial multiple model is corrected back to the actual shot point.

[0121] Furthermore, the embodiments of this application do not provide detailed explanations regarding the prediction of multiple wave models and the filtering of multiple wave-related data from OBN data (i.e., removing multiple wave models from OBN data) in Case 1 and Case 2.

[0122] For example, methods for removing multiple wave models from the original OBN data may include adaptive matched filtering, pattern recognition-based methods, and independent variable analysis-based methods, etc. This application will not provide further examples of each of these methods.

[0123] based on Figure 3The illustrated embodiment can predict surface multiple models in marine OBN data and then suppress multiples. This method overcomes the limitation of SRME technology in OBN data. Furthermore, it predicts potential surface multiple models in OBN data without requiring prior information such as subsurface stratigraphy, thereby removing multiples and improving the imaging quality of marine OBN data.

[0124] Figure 5 This is an imaging profile of OBN data before multiple wave suppression provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is an imaging result obtained by attenuating the multiples after predicting the multiple wave model using the method provided in this application, and then performing adaptive subtraction. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The comparison shows that this method effectively suppresses multiple waves in OBN data, thus improving image quality.

[0125] Furthermore, the method provided in this application embodiment can complement other multiple suppression techniques to improve the effect of multiple suppression, thereby improving the quality of OBN data offset imaging.

[0126] To facilitate understanding, the following steps will be used as an example. Figure 3 The illustrated embodiments are further explained and illustrated. It should be noted that the following steps are for illustrative purposes only. Figure 3 This embodiment does not constitute a modification of the original document. Figure 3 Limitations of the embodiments.

[0127] 1) Prepare OBN data for predicting multiple wave models; and the root mean square velocity of the subsurface medium.

[0128] Among them, OBN data can be OBN data after preprocessing (such as noise reduction, wavelet processing, uplink and downlink separation, etc.).

[0129] 2) By using the depth of the air gun when the seismic signal is triggered and the speed of the seawater, the time shift required to correct the shot point to the sea surface (i.e., the second time shift) can be calculated, and the shot point can be corrected to the sea surface using the second time shift.

[0130] Step 2) is also known as static correction.

[0131] 3) Based on the root-mean-square velocity of the subsurface medium and the horizontal distance between the shot point and the receiver, the propagation time of seismic waves reflected from a certain depth underground (each reflection phase axis when both the shot point and receiver are on the sea surface) can be calculated, i.e., the first duration. Similarly, the propagation time of seismic waves reflected from the same depth underground (each reflection phase axis when the shot point is on the sea surface and the receiver is on the seabed) can be calculated, i.e., the second duration. The difference between these two propagation times is the time shift required to correct the receiver from the seabed to the sea surface, i.e., the first time shift.

[0132] 4) By applying the first time shift calculated in the previous step, the position of the receiver point can be corrected from the seabed to the sea level.

[0133] 5) Using conventional SRME technology, multiple wave models can be predicted. In this case, the shot receivers of the predicted multiple wave models are all located at sea level.

[0134] 6) Then, by applying the time shifts calculated in steps 2 and 4 in reverse, the predicted shot point of the multiple wave model can be corrected to the sinking depth at the time of excitation, and the receiver position of the multiple wave model can be corrected back to the seabed, thus obtaining a surface multiple wave model with the same shot and receiver positions as the original data.

[0135] 7) Finally, the corrected multiple model is adaptively subtracted from the original data to suppress surface multiples in the ocean OBN data.

[0136] In summary, this embodiment of the application corrects the receiver data to align the actual receivers to the sea level, ensuring that both the shot point and the corrected virtual receivers are located at the sea level. This allows for multiple wave suppression using SRME technology based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data. The method provided in this embodiment eliminates the need for towline data within the work area, reducing the operations required for multiple wave suppression and thus improving efficiency. Furthermore, the method eliminates the need for prior depth exploration of the work area, making it adaptable to work areas at various exploration depths and enhancing the application flexibility of this embodiment.

[0137] All of the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined in any way to form optional embodiments of this application, and the embodiments of this application will not be described in detail one by one.

[0138] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, provided in an embodiment of this application. This device can be implemented using software, hardware, or a combination of both. Figure 7As shown, the device 700 includes:

[0139] The acquisition module 701 is used to acquire seabed node OBN data. The OBN data includes raw shot point data and raw geophone data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point. The raw geophone data indicates data related to the actual geophone point and the seismic signal received by the actual geophone point.

[0140] The determination module 702 is used to determine the corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data. The corrected geophone data indicates the virtual geophone and the data related to the seismic signal received by the virtual geophone. The virtual geophone refers to the geophone that has been corrected to the sea level.

[0141] The suppression module 703 is used to suppress multiple waves by filtering out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data using the multiple wave elimination SRME technology.

[0142] Optionally, the determination module is used for:

[0143] Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data, a first correction time shift is determined. The first correction time shift indicates the difference between the first duration and the second duration. The first duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the virtual receiver, and the second duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the original receiver.

[0144] Based on the first correction time shift, the time point of receiving the seismic signal in the original receiver data is corrected to the target time point to obtain the corrected receiver data. The target time point is the time point when the virtual receiver receives the seismic signal.

[0145] Optionally, the compression module is used for:

[0146] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple wave model is predicted by SRME technology. The initial multiple wave model indicates the correlation data of multiple waves transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0147] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift to obtain the corrected multiple model. The corrected multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0148] Based on the corrected multiples model, data related to multiples are filtered out from OBN data.

[0149] Optionally, the determination module is used for:

[0150] The first duration is determined based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original receiver points in the original receiver point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that emitted the seismic signal in the original receiver point data.

[0151] The second duration is determined based on the time point when the seismic signal was emitted from the original shot point data and the time point when the seismic signal was received from the original receiver point data.

[0152] The difference between the first duration and the second duration is determined as the first corrected time shift.

[0153] Optionally, the determination module is used for:

[0154] Based on the location information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the location information of the original receiver point in the original receiver point data, the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the original receiver point is determined. The horizontal distance is the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point.

[0155] Based on the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original receiver point data, the distance of the transmission path of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point is determined.

[0156] The first duration is determined based on the distance of the transmission path and the propagation speed of the seismic signal in the seabed strata.

[0157] Optionally, the original firing point is located below sea level;

[0158] The determination module is also used for:

[0159] The second correction time shift is determined based on the original shot point's depth below sea level and the seawater flow velocity.

[0160] Based on the second correction time shift, the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data is corrected to obtain the corrected original shot point data. The corrected original shot point data is then updated to the original shot point data, and the operation of determining the corrected receiver data is performed based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data.

[0161] Optionally, the compression module is used for:

[0162] Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple wave model is predicted by SRME technology. The initial multiple wave model indicates the correlation data of multiple waves transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point.

[0163] The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first and second correction time shifts to obtain the corrected multiple model. The corrected multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point.

[0164] Based on the corrected multiples model, data related to multiples are filtered out from OBN data.

[0165] This application embodiment corrects the receiver data to align the actual receivers to the sea level, ensuring that both the shot point and the corrected virtual receivers are located at sea level. This allows for multiple wave suppression using SRME technology based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data. The method provided in this application embodiment achieves multiple wave suppression based on SRME technology without requiring data from towed cables within the work area, reducing the operations needed for multiple wave suppression and thus improving the efficiency of the multiple wave suppression process. Furthermore, the method provided in this application embodiment can perform multiple wave suppression without prior depth exploration of the work area, making it adaptable to work areas at various exploration depths and increasing the application flexibility of this application embodiment.

[0166] It should be noted that the device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the functional modules described above. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the equipment can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiments and the method embodiments for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0167] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of a terminal 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. The terminal 800 can be: a smartphone, a tablet computer, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV), a laptop computer, or a desktop computer. The terminal 800 may also be referred to as user equipment, a portable terminal, a laptop terminal, a desktop terminal, or other names.

[0168] Typically, terminal 800 includes a processor 801 and a memory 802.

[0169] Processor 801 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. Processor 801 may be implemented using at least one hardware form selected from DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). Processor 801 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, processor 801 may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, processor 801 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computational operations related to machine learning.

[0170] The memory 802 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 802 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage media in the memory 802 are used to store at least one instruction, which is executed by the processor 801 to implement the suppression of multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the method embodiments of this application.

[0171] In some embodiments, the terminal 800 may also optionally include a peripheral device interface 803 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 801, memory 802, and peripheral device interface 803 can be connected via a bus or signal line. Each peripheral device can be connected to the peripheral device interface 803 via a bus, signal line, or circuit board. Specifically, the peripheral device includes at least one of the following: a radio frequency circuit 804, a touch display screen 805, a camera 806, an audio circuit 807, a positioning component 808, and a power supply 809.

[0172] Peripheral device interface 803 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output) related peripheral device to processor 801 and memory 802. In some embodiments, processor 801, memory 802 and peripheral device interface 803 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of processor 801, memory 802 and peripheral device interface 803 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0173] The radio frequency (RF) circuit 804 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 804 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 804 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals for transmission, or converts received electromagnetic signals back into electrical signals. Optionally, the RF circuit 804 includes: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, etc. The RF circuit 804 can communicate with other terminals through at least one wireless communication protocol. This wireless communication protocol includes, but is not limited to: metropolitan area networks (MANs), various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), wireless local area networks (WLANs), and / or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the RF circuit 804 may also include circuitry related to NFC (Near Field Communication), which is not limited in this application.

[0174] Display screen 805 is used to display a UI (User Interface). This UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. When display screen 805 is a touch display screen, it also has the ability to collect touch signals on or above its surface. These touch signals can be input as control signals to processor 801 for processing. In this case, display screen 805 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or a virtual keyboard, also known as soft buttons and / or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, there may be one display screen 805, which serves as the front panel of terminal 800; in other embodiments, there may be at least two display screens, respectively disposed on different surfaces of terminal 800 or in a folded design; in still other embodiments, display screen 805 may be a flexible display screen, disposed on a curved or folded surface of terminal 800. Furthermore, display screen 805 may be configured as a non-rectangular irregular shape, i.e., a non-rectangular screen. Display screen 805 may be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) or OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0175] The camera assembly 806 is used to acquire images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 806 includes a front-facing camera and a rear-facing camera. Typically, the front-facing camera is located on the front panel of the terminal, and the rear-facing camera is located on the back of the terminal. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear-facing cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth-sensing camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, to achieve background blurring by fusion of the main camera and the depth-sensing camera, panoramic shooting by fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera, VR (Virtual Reality) shooting, or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 806 may also include a flash. The flash can be a single-color temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm-light flash and a cool-light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0176] The audio circuit 807 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, converting the sound waves into electrical signals that are input to the processor 801 for processing, or input to the radio frequency circuit 804 to achieve voice communication. For stereo sound acquisition or noise reduction purposes, multiple microphones may be used, each located at a different part of the terminal 800. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional microphone. The speaker is used to convert the electrical signals from the processor 801 or the radio frequency circuit 804 into sound waves. The speaker may be a conventional diaphragm speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can convert electrical signals not only into audible sound waves but also into inaudible sound waves for purposes such as distance measurement. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 807 may also include a headphone jack.

[0177] The positioning component 808 is used to determine the current geographic location of the terminal 800 in order to enable navigation or LBS (Location Based Service). The positioning component 808 can be a positioning component based on the US GPS (Global Positioning System), China's BeiDou system, Russia's Granas system, or the European Union's Galileo system.

[0178] Power supply 809 is used to supply power to the various components in terminal 800. Power supply 809 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 809 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can support wired or wireless charging. The rechargeable battery can also be used to support fast charging technology.

[0179] In some embodiments, the terminal 800 further includes one or more sensors 810. The one or more sensors 810 include, but are not limited to: an accelerometer 811, a gyroscope 812, a pressure sensor 813, a fingerprint sensor 814, an optical sensor 815, and a proximity sensor 816.

[0180] Accelerometer 811 can detect the magnitude of acceleration along the three coordinate axes of a coordinate system established by terminal 800. For example, accelerometer 811 can be used to detect the components of gravitational acceleration along the three coordinate axes. Processor 801 can control touchscreen 805 to display the user interface in landscape or portrait view based on the gravitational acceleration signal acquired by accelerometer 811. Accelerometer 811 can also be used for games or for acquiring user motion data.

[0181] The gyroscope sensor 812 can detect the orientation and rotation angle of the terminal 800. The gyroscope sensor 812, in conjunction with the accelerometer sensor 811, can collect 3D motion data from the user on the terminal 800. Based on the data collected by the gyroscope sensor 812, the processor 801 can perform the following functions: motion sensing (e.g., changing the UI based on the user's tilt), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0182] The pressure sensor 813 can be disposed on the side bezel of the terminal 800 and / or on the lower layer of the touch display screen 805. When the pressure sensor 813 is disposed on the side bezel of the terminal 800, it can detect the user's grip signal on the terminal 800, and the processor 801 can perform left / right hand recognition or quick operation based on the grip signal collected by the pressure sensor 813. When the pressure sensor 813 is disposed on the lower layer of the touch display screen 805, the processor 801 can control the operable controls on the UI interface based on the user's pressure operation on the touch display screen 805. The operable controls include at least one of button controls, scroll bar controls, icon controls, and menu controls.

[0183] The fingerprint sensor 814 is used to collect the user's fingerprint. The processor 801 identifies the user's identity based on the fingerprint collected by the fingerprint sensor 814, or the fingerprint sensor 814 identifies the user's identity based on the collected fingerprint. When the user's identity is identified as trusted, the processor 801 authorizes the user to perform relevant sensitive operations, including unlocking the screen, viewing encrypted information, downloading software, making payments, and changing settings. The fingerprint sensor 814 can be located on the front, back, or side of the terminal 800. When the terminal 800 has physical buttons or a manufacturer's logo, the fingerprint sensor 814 can be integrated with the physical buttons or manufacturer's logo.

[0184] An optical sensor 815 is used to collect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 801 can control the display brightness of the touch screen 805 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 815. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the touch screen 805 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the touch screen 805 is decreased. In another embodiment, the processor 801 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 806 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 815.

[0185] The proximity sensor 816, also known as a distance sensor, is typically located on the front panel of the terminal 800. The proximity sensor 816 is used to detect the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 800. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 816 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 800 is gradually decreasing, the processor 801 controls the touchscreen display 805 to switch from a screen-on state to a screen-off state; when the proximity sensor 816 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 800 is gradually increasing, the processor 801 controls the touchscreen display 805 to switch from a screen-off state to a screen-on state.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on terminal 800 and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or use different component arrangements.

[0187] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of a terminal, enables the terminal to execute the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiment.

[0188] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a terminal, cause the terminal to execute the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiments.

[0189] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a server structure provided in an embodiment of this application. The server can be a server in a backend server cluster. Specifically:

[0190] Server 900 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 901, a system memory 904 including random access memory (RAM) 902 and read-only memory (ROM) 903, and a system bus 905 connecting the system memory 904 and the CPU 901. Server 900 also includes a basic input / output system (I / O system) 906 that facilitates the transfer of information between various devices within the computer, and a mass storage device 907 for storing the operating system 913, application programs 914, and other program modules 915.

[0191] The basic input / output system 906 includes a display 908 for displaying information and an input device 909 for user input, such as a mouse or keyboard. Both the display 908 and the input device 909 are connected to the central processing unit 901 via an input / output controller 910 connected to the system bus 905. The basic input / output system 906 may also include the input / output controller 910 for receiving and processing input from multiple other devices such as a keyboard, mouse, or electronic stylus. Similarly, the input / output controller 910 also provides output to a display screen, printer, or other types of output devices.

[0192] Mass storage device 907 is connected to central processing unit 901 via a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to system bus 905. Mass storage device 907 and its associated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage for server 900. That is, mass storage device 907 may include computer-readable media (not shown) such as hard disk or CD-ROM drive.

[0193] Without loss of generality, computer-readable media can include computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented using any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media include RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid-state storage technologies, CD-ROM, DVD or other optical storage, magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape, disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that computer storage media are not limited to the above-mentioned types. The system memory 904 and mass storage device 907 described above can be collectively referred to as memory.

[0194] According to various embodiments of this application, server 900 can also be connected to a remote computer on a network, such as the Internet. That is, server 900 can be connected to network 912 via network interface unit 911 connected to system bus 905, or it can also use network interface unit 911 to connect to other types of networks or remote computer systems (not shown).

[0195] The aforementioned memory also includes one or more programs, which are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the CPU. The one or more programs contain instructions for performing the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0196] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor of a server, enables the server to execute the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiments.

[0197] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a server, cause the server to execute the method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration provided in the above embodiments.

[0198] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0199] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain seabed node OBN data, which includes raw shot point data and raw geophone data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point. The raw geophone data indicates data related to the actual geophone point and the seismic signal received by the actual geophone point. Based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data, a first correction time shift is determined. The first correction time shift indicates the difference between a first duration and a second duration. The first duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the virtual receiver, and the second duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the original receiver. Based on the first correction time shift, the time point in the original receiver data where the seismic signal is received is corrected to a target time point to obtain corrected receiver data. The corrected receiver data indicates the virtual receiver and the data related to the seismic signal received by the virtual receiver. The virtual receiver refers to a receiver that has been corrected to sea level from the real receiver. The target time point is the time point at which the virtual receiver receives the seismic signal. Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, the SRME (Suppress Multiples) technique is used to filter out data related to multiples from the OBN (On-Board Number) data in order to suppress multiples. Wherein, the original shot point is located below sea level; after acquiring OBN data, the method further includes: determining a second correction time shift based on the depth of the original shot point below sea level and the flow velocity of the seawater; correcting the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data based on the second correction time shift to obtain corrected original shot point data; updating the corrected original shot point data to the original shot point data; and performing the operation of determining corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data. The step of filtering out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data using SRME technology based on the original shot point data and corrected receiver data includes: Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point. The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift and the second correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model. The corrected multiple model indicates the multiple data related to the transmission from the original shot point to the original receiver point. Based on the corrected multiple model, data related to the multiples are filtered out from the OBN data.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of filtering out data related to multiple waves from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data includes: Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver point data, the initial multiple model is predicted by the SRME technology. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point. The initial multiple model is corrected based on the first correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model, which indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver point. Based on the corrected multiple wave model, data related to multiple waves are filtered out from the OBN data.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the first corrected time shift based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data includes: The first duration is determined based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points that transmit seismic signals in the original geophone point data. The second duration is determined based on the time point at which the original shot point emitted the seismic signal in the original shot point data and the time point at which the original receiver point received the seismic signal in the original receiver point data; The difference between the first duration and the second duration is determined as the first corrected time shift.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the first duration based on the location information of the original shot points in the original shot point data, the location information of the original geophone points in the original geophone point data, and the depth information of the reflection points of the emitted seismic signals in the original geophone point data includes: Based on the position information of the original shot point in the original shot point data and the position information of the original receiver point in the original receiver point data, the horizontal distance between the original shot point and the original receiver point is determined, and the horizontal distance is the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point; Based on the distance between the original shot point and the virtual receiver point, and the depth information of the reflection point of the emitted seismic signal in the original receiver point data, the transmission path distance of the seismic signal from the original shot point to the virtual receiver point is determined. The first duration is determined based on the distance of the transmission path and the propagation speed of the seismic signal in the seabed strata.

5. A device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire seabed node OBN data, which includes raw shot point data and raw geophone data. The raw shot point data indicates data related to the actual shot point and the seismic signal emitted by the actual shot point, and the raw geophone data indicates data related to the actual geophone and the seismic signal received by the actual geophone. The determining module is configured to determine a first correction time shift based on the original shot point data and the original receiver data. The first correction time shift indicates the difference between a first duration and a second duration. The first duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the virtual receiver, and the second duration is the time it takes for the seismic signal to travel from the original shot point to the original receiver. Based on the first correction time shift, the time point in the original receiver data where the seismic signal is received is corrected to a target time point to obtain corrected receiver data. The corrected receiver data indicates the virtual receiver and data related to the seismic signal received by the virtual receiver. The virtual receiver refers to a receiver that has been corrected to sea level from the real receiver. The target time point is the time point at which the virtual receiver receives the seismic signal. The suppression module is used to filter out data related to multiples from the OBN data based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, using multiple wave elimination SRME technology, in order to suppress multiples. The original firing point is located below sea level; the determining module is also used for: Based on the depth of the original shot point below sea level and the flow velocity of the seawater, a second correction time shift is determined; based on the second correction time shift, the time point of the seismic signal transmission in the original shot point data is corrected to obtain corrected original shot point data; the corrected original shot point data is updated to the original shot point data; and the operation of determining corrected geophone data based on the original shot point data and the original geophone data is performed. The compression module is used for: Based on the original shot point data and the corrected receiver data, an initial multiple model is predicted using the SRME technique. The initial multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the virtual receiver. The initial multiple model is then corrected based on a first correction time shift and a second correction time shift to obtain a corrected multiple model. The corrected multiple model indicates the correlation data of multiples transmitted from the original shot point to the original receiver. Based on the corrected multiple model, correlation data with multiples is filtered out from the OBN data.

6. A device for suppressing multiple waves in marine exploration, characterized in that, The device includes: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to perform the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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