A fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system

Abstract

The application provides a fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system, comprising a super capacitor battery pack, a direct cooling plate, a condenser, a compressor, a fuel cell system and an electronic expansion valve; the direct cooling plate is arranged in the super capacitor battery pack with high power charging and discharging demand, the condenser is arranged outside the direct cooling plate and shares a fan with the fuel cell system, and the compressor and the electronic expansion valve are arranged simultaneously. Different from a conventional thermal management system, the system does not need to consider the ambient temperature in the cooling process, the design of the direct cooling plate and the shared fan makes the heat dissipation effect more independent of external environmental conditions, since the system no longer depends on the temperature of the external environment, no matter in a high-temperature or low-temperature environment, the heat dissipation measures can be flexibly and efficiently adjusted, the battery temperature is kept in a safe range, and the adaptability and stability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell vehicle technology, and in particular to a fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell forklift is a forklift that uses a fuel cell as its power source. Compared to traditional internal combustion engine forklifts, it has advantages such as zero emissions, low noise, and high energy efficiency. However, fuel cells generate a certain amount of heat during operation, especially during high-power charging and discharging. Controlling the battery temperature becomes crucial. As a component of fuel cell forklifts, supercapacitors are typically used to handle instantaneous high-power demands, such as accelerating and lifting goods. However, supercapacitors also generate a lot of heat during high-power operation. Therefore, an effective thermal management system is needed to control the temperature and prevent overheating from causing performance degradation or damage.

[0003] Conventional battery radiator thermal management systems rely solely on air or fluid for heat dissipation, resulting in limited efficiency. Especially under high-temperature or high-power conditions, the radiator may fail to effectively dissipate heat quickly, leading to temperature increases. Hydrogen fuel cell forklift systems require significant heat dissipation power; therefore, a new battery thermal management system for fuel cell vehicles is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery thermal management system for fuel cell vehicles to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provides a beneficial alternative.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a battery thermal management system for fuel cell vehicles, including a supercapacitor battery pack, a direct cooling plate, a condenser, a compressor, a fuel cell system, and an electronic expansion valve;

[0006] The direct cooling plate is installed inside the supercapacitor battery pack that has high power charging and discharging requirements, and the condenser is installed outside it. The condenser shares a fan with the fuel cell system, and the compressor and the electronic expansion valve are also installed.

[0007] The system determines the operating conditions based on the vehicle status and activates an adaptive cooling control algorithm. Based on the real-time temperature and power changes of the system, it automatically adjusts the compressor speed and the overheat of the electronic expansion valve, and adjusts the fan speed according to the vehicle speed and the requirements of the fuel cell system.

[0008] Preferably, the direct cooling plate is made of a material with high thermal conductivity to quickly transfer the heat generated by the battery. When high-power charging and discharging is required, the heat is effectively and quickly conducted to the cooling system.

[0009] The condenser shares a high-efficiency fan with the fuel cell system, which reduces energy consumption while ensuring cooling effect. The condenser is responsible for cooling the R134A refrigerant and maintaining a low temperature in the cycle between the compressor and the electronic expansion valve.

[0010] The compressor and the electronic expansion valve are used to control the flow and temperature of the refrigerant. When cooling is required, the compressor starts to increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and the electronic expansion valve is used to adjust the superheat of the refrigerant.

[0011] More preferably, the adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes a temperature threshold setting:

[0012] Maximum temperature threshold: Set the maximum temperature inside the battery pack (60 to 70 degrees Celsius). If this temperature is exceeded, active heat dissipation measures will be triggered to protect the battery from high temperature damage.

[0013] Minimum temperature threshold: Supercapacitor batteries typically experience performance degradation at lower temperatures. Setting a minimum internal temperature (0 to 5 degrees Celsius) for the battery pack will activate the cooling system when the internal temperature drops to this threshold, preventing excessive cooling of the battery and subsequent performance loss.

[0014] More preferably, the adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes heat dissipation control parameters:

[0015] Compressor speed control: Based on temperature changes, a relationship model between compressor speed and temperature is established. When the temperature inside the battery pack exceeds the maximum temperature threshold, the appropriate adjustment amount to increase the compressor speed is calculated through the relationship model, and the compressor speed is increased. Similarly, when the temperature inside the battery pack is below the minimum temperature threshold, the appropriate adjustment amount to decrease the compressor speed is calculated through the relationship model.

[0016] Electronic expansion valve overheat control: Based on temperature changes, the overheat adjustment amount of the electronic expansion valve is determined, and an overheat threshold is set. When the overheat is exceeded, the overheat of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted.

[0017] Fan speed control: Based on the vehicle status and the requirements of the fuel cell system, a relationship model between fan speed and vehicle speed and power is established. Under high-speed driving and high-power conditions, the corresponding adjustment amount of increasing fan speed is calculated through the relationship model to increase the fan speed and provide greater air volume.

[0018] More preferably, the adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes control strategy optimization:

[0019] High-power control: When high-power charging and discharging are required, the battery pack temperature is kept within a suitable range by increasing active heat dissipation measures;

[0020] Low power control: In low power conditions, reduce the intensity of heat dissipation measures and reduce system energy consumption by reducing the speed of compressor and fan;

[0021] Response time and stability: Adjust the control frequency and response speed according to the system's response time and stability requirements. Increase the control frequency in applications with high response requirements, and adjust in a timely manner to maintain stable operation.

[0022] More preferably, the adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes the implementation of a control strategy:

[0023] Real-time monitoring: Deploy temperature, power, and vehicle speed sensors to build a real-time monitoring network, continuously monitor battery pack temperature, power, and vehicle speed parameters, establish a data acquisition system to transmit the data collected by the sensors to the control system in real time, and use monitoring algorithms to analyze and process the real-time data to detect changes in system status in a timely manner;

[0024] The monitoring algorithm employs four monitoring modes: temperature monitoring, power monitoring, vehicle speed monitoring, and comprehensive monitoring.

[0025] The temperature monitoring is used to measure the temperature state of the battery pack, the power monitoring is used to measure the power state of the battery pack, the vehicle speed monitoring is used to measure the vehicle speed state, and the comprehensive index is used to evaluate the overall system state.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0027] 1. Unlike traditional thermal management systems, this system does not need to consider ambient temperature during the cooling process. The design of direct cooling plate and shared fan makes the heat dissipation effect more independent of external environmental conditions. Since the system no longer depends on the temperature of the external environment, it can flexibly and efficiently adjust the heat dissipation measures in high or low temperature environments to keep the battery temperature within a safe range, thereby improving the adaptability and stability of the system.

[0028] Second, compared with traditional water cooling systems, the components in this system do not require coolant, thus eliminating the insulation risk caused by liquid leakage. This is achieved through direct cooling plates and a shared fan, which improves the safety of the entire system, prevents electrical faults and safety hazards caused by liquid leakage, and makes the system more reliable.

[0029] Third, this system improves heat exchange efficiency, reduces energy waste, and lowers the overall operating cost by directly exchanging heat with the battery without relying on traditional refrigerants and coolants.

[0030] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle, including a supercapacitor battery pack, a direct cooling plate, a condenser, a compressor, a fuel cell system, and an electronic expansion valve;

[0036] A direct cooling plate is installed inside the supercapacitor battery pack that has high power charging and discharging requirements, and a condenser is installed outside it to share a fan with the fuel cell system. A compressor and an electronic expansion valve are also installed.

[0037] The system determines the operating conditions based on the vehicle status and activates an adaptive cooling control algorithm. It automatically adjusts the compressor speed and the overheat of the electronic expansion valve based on the real-time temperature and power changes of the system, and adjusts the fan speed according to the vehicle speed and the requirements of the fuel cell system.

[0038] The direct cooling plate uses a high thermal conductivity material to quickly transfer the heat generated by the battery. Under high power charging and discharging requirements, the heat is effectively and quickly conducted to the cooling system.

[0039] The condenser and fuel cell system share a high-efficiency fan, which reduces energy consumption while ensuring cooling effect. The condenser is responsible for cooling the R134A refrigerant and maintaining a low temperature in the circulation between the compressor and the electronic expansion valve.

[0040] The compressor and electronic expansion valve are used to control the flow and temperature of the refrigerant. When cooling is needed, the compressor starts to increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, while the electronic expansion valve is used to adjust the superheat of the refrigerant.

[0041] In one embodiment, the adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes:

[0042] Temperature threshold setting:

[0043] Maximum temperature threshold: Set the maximum temperature inside the battery pack (60 to 70 degrees Celsius). If this temperature is exceeded, active cooling measures will be triggered to protect the battery from high temperature damage. Once the temperature reaches the set maximum threshold, active cooling measures will be triggered to ensure that the battery operates within a safe range.

[0044] Minimum temperature threshold: Supercapacitor batteries typically experience performance degradation at lower temperatures. A minimum temperature (0 to 5 degrees Celsius) is set inside the battery pack. When the internal temperature of the battery pack drops to this threshold, the cooling system is activated to prevent the battery from overcooling and causing performance loss, thus preventing performance degradation in low-temperature environments. When the temperature drops below the minimum threshold, the cooling system is activated to prevent the battery from overcooling and causing performance loss.

[0045] Heat dissipation control parameters:

[0046] Compressor speed control: Based on temperature changes, a relationship model between compressor speed and temperature is established. When the temperature inside the battery pack exceeds the maximum temperature threshold, the appropriate adjustment amount to increase the compressor speed is calculated through the relationship model, and the compressor speed is increased. Similarly, when the temperature inside the battery pack is below the minimum temperature threshold, the appropriate adjustment amount to decrease the compressor speed is calculated through the relationship model. The compressor speed is adjusted in real time according to changes in battery temperature. The speed is increased at high temperatures to increase the cooling effect, and the speed is decreased at low temperatures to reduce energy consumption.

[0047] Electronic expansion valve superheat control: Based on temperature changes, the superheat adjustment amount of the electronic expansion valve is determined, and a superheat threshold is set. When the superheat threshold is exceeded, the superheat of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted. The electronic expansion valve is adjusted in real time according to the superheat threshold to ensure that the superheat is within a controllable range and improve system stability.

[0048] Fan speed control: Based on the vehicle status and fuel cell system requirements, a relationship model between fan speed and vehicle speed and power is established. Under high-speed driving and high-power conditions, the corresponding adjustment amount of increasing fan speed is calculated through the relationship model to increase the fan speed to provide greater air volume. The fan speed is adjusted in real time according to vehicle speed and power requirements to provide appropriate air volume and effectively dissipate heat.

[0049] Control strategy optimization:

[0050] High-power control: When high-power charging and discharging is required, the battery pack temperature is stabilized within a suitable range by adding active heat dissipation measures. Under high-power conditions, adding active heat dissipation measures ensures that the battery temperature is stabilized within an appropriate range, thereby improving system safety.

[0051] Low power control: In low power conditions, the intensity of heat dissipation measures is reduced. By reducing the speed of the compressor and fan, system energy consumption is reduced, and the battery temperature is kept within a suitable range in low power conditions.

[0052] Response time and stability: Adjust the control frequency and response speed according to the system's response time and stability requirements. Increase the control frequency in applications with high response requirements, adjust in a timely manner and maintain stable operation.

[0053] Control strategy implementation:

[0054] Real-time monitoring: Deploy temperature, power, and vehicle speed sensors to build a real-time monitoring network, continuously monitor battery pack temperature, power, and vehicle speed parameters, establish a data acquisition system, transmit the data collected by the sensors to the control system in real time, and use monitoring algorithms to analyze and process the real-time data to detect changes in system status in a timely manner.

[0055] The monitoring algorithm employs four monitoring modes: temperature monitoring, power monitoring, vehicle speed monitoring, and comprehensive monitoring.

[0056] Temperature monitoring is used to measure the temperature state of the battery pack, power monitoring is used to measure the power state of the battery pack, vehicle speed monitoring is used to measure the vehicle speed state, and comprehensive indicators are used to evaluate the overall system status.

[0057] Temperature monitoring:

[0058] Set a weighted temperature monitoring index (WTMI);

[0059] WTMI = α·T internal +β·T external

[0060] in,

[0061] T internal It is the temperature inside the battery pack.

[0062] T external It is the temperature outside the battery pack.

[0063] α and β are weighting coefficients used to adjust the relative importance of internal and external temperatures in the index.

[0064] Power monitoring:

[0065] Set a power monitoring metric (PMI) to measure the power status of the battery pack;

[0066] PMI = γ·P current +δ·P average

[0067] in,

[0068] P current This is the current power demand.

[0069] P average It is the average power demand over a certain period of time.

[0070] γ and δ are weighting coefficients used to adjust the relative importance of current power and average power in the index.

[0071] Vehicle speed monitoring:

[0072] Set a vehicle speed monitoring index (VSMI) to measure the vehicle speed status;

[0073] VSMI=∈·V current +ζ·V average

[0074] in,

[0075] V current This is the current vehicle speed.

[0076] V average It is the average vehicle speed over a certain period of time.

[0077] ∈ and ζ are weighting coefficients used to adjust the relative importance of current speed and average speed in the indicator.

[0078] Comprehensive monitoring indicators:

[0079] Taking all three monitoring metrics into account, we arrive at an overall monitoring metric (OMI):

[0080] OMI = WTMI + PMI + VSMI

[0081] Comprehensive indicators are used to evaluate the overall system status, and control strategies are adjusted in real time by monitoring changes in OMI to adapt to different operating conditions and environments.

[0082] Feedback mechanism: Introduce a feedback loop to feed the performance evaluation results back to the control algorithm, and continuously optimize the control strategy through real-time learning and adjustment;

[0083] Anomaly Handling: An anomaly detection algorithm is established. When an anomaly occurs in the system, corresponding safety measures are taken to ensure the system's safety. The safety measures set include emergency stop and battery protection mode. Safety measures are taken quickly in case of an anomaly.

[0084] The anomaly detection algorithm,

[0085] Let T i This is the temperature data inside the battery pack at the i-th time point;

[0086] First, calculate the mean μ and standard deviation σ:

[0087]

[0088] Where N is the number of historical temperature data points;

[0089] Secondly, define the anomaly threshold:

[0090] The outlier threshold can be chosen as the mean plus (or minus) an appropriate multiple of the standard deviation.

[0091] like:

[0092] Upper threshold = μ + k·σ

[0093] Threshold lower limit = μ-k·σ

[0094] Where k is the set threshold multiple, which is adjusted according to the actual situation;

[0095] Finally, an anomaly was detected:

[0096] For each new temperature data T new Check whether the following conditions are met:

[0097] T new > Threshold upper limit or T new <Lower threshold;

[0098] If the conditions are met, then an abnormal situation is considered to exist.

[0099] Feedback mechanism: Introduce a feedback loop to feed the performance evaluation results back to the control algorithm, and continuously optimize the control strategy through real-time learning and adjustment;

[0100] The feedback mechanism enables the battery thermal management system of fuel cell vehicles to continuously optimize its control strategy to cope with different operating conditions. In specific implementation, firstly, performance evaluation indicators are established, including battery temperature stability, system energy consumption and safety. These indicators are obtained by real-time monitoring and data acquisition by sensors. Then, the evaluation results of the performance indicators are fed back to the control algorithm to form a closed-loop feedback system. In each cycle, the control algorithm will make adjustments based on the actual performance, such as adjusting the parameters of compressor speed, superheat of electronic expansion valve or fan speed, so as to adaptively optimize its thermal management strategy to achieve better efficiency and safety.

[0101] The safety measures include emergency stop and battery protection mode, which will take immediate safety measures in case of abnormal situations;

[0102] In emergency stop mode,

[0103] Trigger condition: When the battery temperature is detected to exceed the safety threshold;

[0104] Execution steps: Send an immediate stop command to the vehicle control system, the braking system performs forced braking to stop the vehicle quickly, and disables the charging and discharging function of the battery system to slow down the temperature rise;

[0105] In battery protection mode,

[0106] Triggering condition: When the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold;

[0107] Execution steps: Stop high-power charging and discharging operations, limit battery charging and discharging rates, reduce battery workload, adjust temperature control strategies, and improve heat dissipation efficiency.

[0108] During operation, this invention continuously monitors battery pack temperature, power, and vehicle speed parameters. Sensors collect data in real time and transmit it to the control system. A monitoring algorithm analyzes the real-time data, employing four modes: temperature monitoring, power monitoring, vehicle speed monitoring, and comprehensive monitoring, to calculate corresponding monitoring indicators. Simultaneously, the system implements an anomaly detection algorithm to determine if the battery temperature is abnormal. If an anomaly is detected, the system triggers corresponding safety measures, such as emergency stop and battery protection mode. Subsequently, based on the real-time monitoring data and the analysis results of the monitoring algorithm, the system determines the current vehicle status and operating conditions and activates an adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm. In this algorithm, the system first determines whether the temperature inside the battery pack exceeds the set maximum temperature threshold or falls below the set minimum temperature threshold, and then... Based on the judgment results, the system adjusts the heat dissipation control parameters of compressor speed, electronic expansion valve overheat, and fan speed. Through adaptive control strategies, the battery temperature can be maintained within a suitable range under different operating conditions, ensuring efficient system operation. This system also optimizes the control strategy to achieve the goal of increasing active heat dissipation measures during high-power charging and discharging and reducing heat dissipation measures during low-power conditions. At the same time, through a feedback mechanism, the system feeds back the performance evaluation results to the control algorithm, enabling real-time learning and adjustment, and continuously optimizing the control strategy. Throughout the entire workflow, the establishment of an anomaly handling mechanism ensures the safety of the system. The set safety measures, including emergency stop and battery protection mode, take rapid safety measures in abnormal situations, thereby ensuring that the entire system can operate stably under various operating conditions.

[0109] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management system for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that: This includes supercapacitor battery packs, direct cooling plates, condensers, compressors, fuel cell systems, and electronic expansion valves; The direct cooling plate is installed inside the supercapacitor battery pack that has high power charging and discharging requirements, and the condenser and the fan shared by the fuel cell system are installed outside it. The compressor and the electronic expansion valve are also installed. The cooling system of the supercapacitor battery pack includes a direct cooling plate, a compressor, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve, and a fan. The outlet of the direct cooling plate is connected to the inlet of the compressor, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve, and the outlet of the electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the direct cooling plate. The system determines the operating conditions based on the vehicle status and activates an adaptive cooling control algorithm. It automatically adjusts the compressor speed and the overheat of the electronic expansion valve based on the real-time temperature and power changes of the supercapacitor battery pack, and adjusts the fan speed based on the vehicle speed and the requirements of the fuel cell system. The adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes heat dissipation control parameters: Compressor speed control: Based on temperature changes, a relationship model between speed and temperature is established. When the temperature inside the supercapacitor battery pack exceeds the maximum temperature threshold, the appropriate adjustment amount to increase the compressor speed is calculated through the relationship model, thereby increasing the compressor speed. Similarly, when the temperature inside the supercapacitor battery pack is lower than the minimum temperature threshold, the corresponding adjustment amount to reduce the compressor speed is calculated through the relational model; Electronic expansion valve overheat control: Based on temperature changes, the overheat adjustment amount of the electronic expansion valve is determined, and an overheat threshold is set. When the overheat is exceeded, the overheat of the electronic expansion valve is triggered to adjust. Fan speed control: Based on the vehicle status and the requirements of the fuel cell system, a relationship model between fan speed and vehicle speed and power is established. Under high-speed driving and high-power conditions, the corresponding adjustment amount of increasing fan speed is calculated through the relationship model to increase the fan speed and provide a larger air volume. The adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes the implementation of a control strategy: Real-time monitoring: Deploy temperature, power, and vehicle speed sensors to build a real-time monitoring network, continuously monitor the temperature, power, and vehicle speed parameters of the supercapacitor battery pack, establish a data acquisition system, transmit the data collected by the sensors to the control system in real time, and use monitoring algorithms to analyze and process the real-time data to detect changes in the status of the fuel cell vehicle's battery thermal management system in a timely manner. Feedback mechanism: Introduce a feedback loop to feed the performance evaluation results back to the control algorithm, and continuously optimize the control strategy through real-time learning and adjustment; Anomaly Handling: Establish an anomaly detection algorithm to take corresponding safety measures when an anomaly occurs in the battery thermal management system of a fuel cell vehicle, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery thermal management system of the fuel cell vehicle. The monitoring algorithm employs four monitoring modes: temperature monitoring, power monitoring, vehicle speed monitoring, and comprehensive monitoring. The temperature monitoring is used to measure the temperature state of the supercapacitor battery pack, the power monitoring is used to measure the power state of the supercapacitor battery pack, the vehicle speed monitoring is used to measure the vehicle speed state, and the comprehensive monitoring is used to evaluate the state of the overall fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system.

2. The fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direct cooling plate is made of a high thermal conductivity material to quickly transfer the heat generated by the supercapacitor battery pack. When high power charging and discharging is required, the heat is effectively and quickly conducted to the cooling system.

3. The fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser shares a high-efficiency fan with the fuel cell system, which reduces energy consumption while ensuring cooling effect. The condenser is responsible for cooling the R134A refrigerant and maintaining a low temperature in the cycle between the compressor and the electronic expansion valve.

4. The fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor and the electronic expansion valve are used to control the flow and temperature of the refrigerant. When cooling is required, the compressor starts to increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, and the electronic expansion valve is used to adjust the superheat of the refrigerant.

5. A fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes temperature threshold setting: Maximum temperature threshold: Set the maximum temperature threshold inside the supercapacitor battery pack, which is 60 to 70 degrees Celsius. If the temperature exceeds this threshold, active heat dissipation measures will be triggered to protect the supercapacitor battery pack from high temperature damage. Minimum Temperature Threshold: Supercapacitor battery packs typically experience performance degradation at lower temperatures. A minimum temperature threshold is set within the supercapacitor battery pack, ranging from 0 to 5 degrees Celsius. When the internal temperature of the supercapacitor battery pack drops to this threshold, the cooling system is controlled to prevent the supercapacitor battery pack from overcooling and causing performance loss.

6. The fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive heat dissipation control algorithm includes control strategy optimization: High-power control: When high-power charging and discharging is required, active heat dissipation measures are added to keep the temperature of the supercapacitor battery pack within a suitable range; Low power control: In low power conditions, the intensity of heat dissipation measures is reduced, and the energy consumption of the fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system is reduced by lowering the speed of the compressor and fan. Response time and stability: Based on the response time and stability requirements of the battery thermal management system of fuel cell vehicles, the control frequency and response speed are adjusted. In applications with high response requirements, the control frequency is increased to adjust in a timely manner and maintain stable operation.

7. A fuel cell vehicle battery thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Safety measures include emergency stop and supercapacitor battery pack protection mode, which will take immediate safety measures in case of abnormal situations.

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