A full-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a full-metal wideband omnidirectional antenna, which comprises a first metal cylinder, a second metal cylinder, a third metal cylinder, a probe and a ground plate from top to bottom; the antenna can realize 360-degree horizontal plane beam radiation and has a wideband characteristic by compounding the second metal cylinder and the third metal cylinder which are orthogonal at the geometric center of the first metal cylinder; the second metal cylinder and the third metal cylinder are of the same size; the probe penetrates through the first metal cylinder, the second metal cylinder and the third metal cylinder; the antenna works in an X frequency band, the-10 dB bandwidth is 80.0%, the maximum gain is 2.15 dBi, the horizontal plane directivity is 0.01 dB, and the horizontal plane cross polarization level is-54.3 dB; compared with the existing same omnidirectional antenna, the full-metal wideband omnidirectional antenna has a wideband characteristic, adopts a full-metal material, can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna, can work in a more harsh environment, and has a significantly improved application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antennas, specifically relating to an all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a device that converts guided waves on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves according to certain requirements, or converts electromagnetic waves in a certain direction back into guided waves. With the development of 5G technology, antennas are increasingly being used in handheld devices, smart homes, and the Internet of Vehicles. Based on their directivity, antennas can be divided into omnidirectional antennas and directional antennas. Omnidirectional antennas exhibit uniform radiation characteristics in a 360° horizontal plane radiation pattern. Currently, omnidirectional antennas are widely used in wireless broadcasting, cellular networks, surface wave communication, and V2X communication. Therefore, omnidirectional antennas have attracted considerable attention from researchers.

[0003] However, currently, most omnidirectional antennas have relatively narrow bandwidths, generally not exceeding 10%. A broadband omnidirectional antenna, with its wide bandwidth, can replace multiple narrowband omnidirectional antennas to cover a broader operating bandwidth. Therefore, broadband omnidirectional antennas are particularly favored. Furthermore, most current omnidirectional antennas employ a composite structure of dielectric substrate and metal, resulting in significant dielectric loss. To meet high-performance requirements, antennas often require low-loss but expensive imported high-frequency dielectric substrates, which significantly increases costs and severely limits their practical applications. Moreover, for omnidirectional antennas operating in extremely harsh environments, especially in satellite communications, the effects of space radiation and thermal stress can severely impact antenna performance due to variations in the dielectric substrate itself.

[0004] Therefore, in order to further improve the bandwidth of omnidirectional antennas and reduce their loss and cost, this invention proposes an all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna proposed in this invention only requires two orthogonal metal cylinders to be combined within a single metal cylinder to achieve 360° horizontal beam radiation with broadband performance. This omnidirectional antenna has advantages such as broadband bandwidth, low loss, simple structure, and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose an all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A full-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna with a centrally symmetrical structure, comprising, from top to bottom: a radiator, a probe (4), and a ground plane (5); the radiator is composed of a first metal cylinder (1), a second metal cylinder (2), and a third metal cylinder (3); the full-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna with a centrally symmetrical structure, comprising, from top to bottom: a radiator, a probe (4), and a ground plane (5); the radiator is composed of a first metal cylinder (1), a second metal cylinder (2), and a third metal cylinder (3); characterized in that: the first metal cylinder (1) is placed along the z-axis in the height direction, with a height of h1 and a diameter of d2, and a cylindrical hole along the z-axis is etched in its center, the cylindrical hole having a height of h1 and a diameter of d1; the second metal cylinder (2) is placed along the x-axis in the height direction, and the third metal cylinder (3) is placed along the y-axis in the height direction, the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) are etched along the z-axis in the height direction, the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) are etched along the z-axis in the height direction, the probe (4), and the ground plane (5); the radiator is composed of a first metal cylinder (1), a second metal cylinder (2), and a third metal cylinder (3); the first metal cylinder (1) is placed along the z-axis in the height direction, with a height of h1 and a diameter of d1; the second metal cylinder (2) is placed along the x-axis in the height direction, and the third metal cylinder (3) is placed along the y-axis in the height direction, the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) are etched along the z-axis in the height direction, the probe (4), and the ground plane (5); the first metal cylinder (1) is placed along the z-axis in the height direction, the probe (4), and the ground plane (5); the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3 The cylinders (3) are of uniform size and orthogonally placed at the geometric center of the first metal cylinder (1). The second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) have a height of w1 and a diameter of d3. The probe (4) is placed along the z-axis with a height of h1+h2+h3 and a diameter of d1. The probe (4) penetrates the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3). The probe (4) is in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3), but not with the ground plane (5). The ground plane (5) is symmetrically distributed along the x and y axes. The ground plane (5) has a height of h3 and is not in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), or the probe (4). The distance between the ground plane (5) and the radiator is h2. The antenna is an all-metal structure and does not contain a dielectric substrate.

[0007] Furthermore, the shape of the grounding plate (5) can be a circular ring or a square ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the materials of the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), the probe (4), and the ground plane (5) can be aluminum alloy or copper.

[0009] Furthermore, the grounding plate (5) along x and y Axisymmetric distribution; the ground plane (5) has no contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), and the probe (4); the height of the ground plane (5) is h3; the distance between the ground plane (5) and the radiator is h2; Furthermore, the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna operates in the X-band and is vertically polarized; the overall maximum outer edge radius of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna is 0.38λ, and the height is 0.1λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of 10.0 GHz, and the -10 dB bandwidth is 80%; the horizontal plane pattern non-circularity of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna at 10.0 GHz is 0.01 dB, the horizontal plane cross-polarization level is -54.3 dB, the vertical plane half-power beamwidth is 80.2°, and the vertical plane cross-polarization level is -108.0 dB. Furthermore, the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna operates in the X-band and is vertically polarized; Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention saves antenna space by combining two orthogonal metal cylinders in one metal cylinder. It has the advantages of simple structure, compact structure and small size, and is suitable for applications with small space requirements such as small base stations, drones, and high-speed carriers. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention is made of all-metal material, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna and the all-metal antenna can work in more demanding environments, thus significantly expanding its application range. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention has a -10 dB bandwidth of 80% (7.2 GHz - 15.2 GHz), thus the antenna has broadband characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: 1-First metal cylinder, 2-Second metal cylinder, 3-Third metal cylinder, 4-Probe, 5-Ground plate.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a side view of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The S-parameter diagram of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 The image shows the horizontal radiation pattern of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention operating at 10.0 GHz. Figure 4 The vertical radiation pattern of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention is shown at 10.0 GHz. Figure 5 This is a gain diagram of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention. Please refer to the accompanying drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable.

[0013] This invention provides an all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna, the specific implementation of which is as follows: In this invention, the operating frequency of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna is 10.0 GHz.

[0014] See Figure 1 This example provides an all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: the antenna structure is centrally symmetrical, and the antenna includes, from top to bottom: a radiator, a probe (4), and a ground plane (5); the radiator is composed of a first metal cylinder (1), a second metal cylinder (2), and a third metal cylinder (3); the height direction of the first metal cylinder (1) is along... z The shaft is placed, and the height direction of the second metal cylinder (2) is along the axis. x The shaft is placed, and the height direction of the third metal cylinder (3) is along the axis. y The shaft is placed; the height h1 of the first metal cylinder (1) is 11.5 mm and the diameter d2 is 3.0 mm; the center of the first metal cylinder (1) is etched with a pattern along the shaft. z The cylindrical hole of the shaft has a height h1 of 11.5 mm and a diameter d1 of 1.0 mm; the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) have the same size and are orthogonally placed at the geometric center of the first metal cylinder (1); the width w1 of the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) is 1.0 mm and the diameter d3 is 5.5 mm.

[0015] The probe (4) along z The probe (4) is placed on a shaft and passes through the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3); the height of the probe (4) is 14.5 mm and the diameter d1 is 1.0 mm; the probe (4) is in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3); the probe (4) is not in contact with the grounding plate (5); the distance between the probe (4) and the grounding plate (5) is 2.0 mm.

[0016] The grounding plate (5) along x and yThe distribution is axially symmetric; the ground plane (5) is not in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), and the probe (4); the distance h2 between the ground plane (5) and the radiator is 1.0 mm; the shape of the ground plane (5) is an annular; the outer diameter of the ground plane (5) is 9.0 mm, the inner diameter is 5.0 mm, and the height h3 is 1.0 mm.

[0017] The first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), the probe (4), and the ground plane (5) of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna are made of aluminum alloy.

[0018] The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna operates in the X-band and is polarized vertically.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shows the S-parameters of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention; the reflection coefficient S of the omnidirectional antenna across the entire frequency band from 7.2 GHz to 15.2 GHz. 11 All are less than -10 dB, with a -10 dB bandwidth of 80.0%.

[0020] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The images show the horizontal and vertical radiation patterns of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention operating at 10.0 GHz. The horizontal radiation pattern non-circularity is 0.01 dB, the horizontal cross-polarization level is -54.3 dB, the vertical half-power beamwidth is 80.2°, and the vertical cross-polarization level is -108.0 dB.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a gain diagram of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention; the maximum gain of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna operating in the X-band is 2.15 dBi.

[0022] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna, the antenna structure being centrally symmetrical, the antenna comprising, from top to bottom: The radiator comprises a radiator, a probe (4), and a ground plane (5); the radiator is composed of a first metal cylinder (1), a second metal cylinder (2), and a third metal cylinder (3); characterized in that: the first metal cylinder (1) is placed along the z-axis in the height direction, with a height of h1 and a diameter of d2, and a cylindrical hole along the z-axis is etched in its center, the cylindrical hole having a height of h1 and a diameter of d1; the second metal cylinder (2) is placed along the x-axis in the height direction, and the third metal cylinder (3) is placed along the y-axis in the height direction, the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) having the same size and being orthogonally placed at the geometric center of the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2) and the third metal cylinder (3) having a height of w 1. The diameter is d3; the probe (4) is placed along the z-axis with a height of h1+h2+h3 and a diameter of d1. The probe (4) penetrates the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3). The probe (4) is in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), and the third metal cylinder (3), but not with the ground plane (5). The ground plane (5) is symmetrically distributed along the x and y axes. The height of the ground plane (5) is h3. The ground plane (5) is not in contact with the first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), or the probe (4). The distance between the ground plane (5) and the radiator is h2. The antenna is an all-metal structure without a dielectric substrate.

2. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the grounding plate (5) can be a circular ring or a square ring.

3. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal cylinder (1), the second metal cylinder (2), the third metal cylinder (3), the probe (4), and the ground plane (5) can be made of aluminum alloy or copper.

4. The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna operates in the X-band and is vertically polarized. The overall maximum outer edge radius of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna is 0.38λ, and the height is 0.1λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of 10.0 GHz, and the -10 dB bandwidth is 80%. The horizontal plane radiation pattern non-circularity of the all-metal broadband omnidirectional antenna at 10.0 GHz is 0.01 dB, the horizontal plane cross-polarization level is -54.3 dB, the vertical plane half-power beamwidth is 80.2°, and the vertical plane cross-polarization level is -108.0 dB.

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