A board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna and angle measurement combination

Abstract

The present invention discloses a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna and an angle measurement combination, belonging to the field of UWB antennas, comprising an antenna body, a surface circuit board ground, a bottom circuit board ground arranged below the antenna body, and a matching circuit, wherein the antenna body comprises a circuit substrate and a radiation patch arranged on the circuit substrate, the radiation patch and the antenna body are both rectangular, the center point of the wide side of the radiation patch coincides with the center point of the wide side of the antenna body; the wide side of the radiation patch is symmetrically connected with a connecting line and an impedance adjustment line, and the radiation patch is connected to the matching circuit via the connecting line. The present invention adopts the board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna and the angle measurement combination of the above structure, adjusts the impedance of the antenna by setting an impedance adjustment line, and reduces matching loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of UWB antennas, and in particular to a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna and an angle measurement combination. Background Art

[0002] UWB (Ultra Wide Band, UWB) technology is a wireless carrier communication technology, which does not use a sinusoidal carrier, but uses nanosecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data, so it occupies a wide spectrum range. In essence, it is a carrier-free spread spectrum technology that uses impulse pulses with a very low duty cycle as information carriers, that is, by directly modulating impulse pulses with very steep rise and fall times.

[0003] Existing UWB, for example:

[0004] CN202210436499.5 discloses a UWB antenna structure and a mobile terminal. The UWB antenna structure includes an antenna area, which is located on the first layer of the UWB antenna structure. The antenna area includes a radiation patch for realizing the reception and transmission of a first frequency band signal. The radiation patch is rectangular, and the radiation patch is provided with a plurality of antenna grounding holes arranged at intervals along the width direction. The distance from the antenna grounding hole at the head end to the antenna grounding hole at the end end is equal to the width of the radiation patch.

[0005] It has the following defects:

[0006] 1. The antenna itself cannot be adjusted to match the signal transmission line, which results in decreased bandwidth or efficiency.

[0007] 2. There are vias on the antenna body. The parasitic inductance and resistance at the vias will cause large losses and reduce the radiation performance of the antenna;

[0008] 3. The antenna needs to be surrounded by a circuit board to avoid grounding, which increases the overall size;

[0009] 4. The asymmetric feeding method causes the antenna to have higher cross-polarization, reducing its angle measurement performance. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna and an angle measurement combination, which adjusts the impedance of the antenna by setting an impedance adjustment line to reduce matching loss.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna, comprising an antenna body, a surface circuit board, a bottom circuit board arranged below the antenna body, and a matching circuit, wherein the antenna body comprises a circuit substrate and a radiation patch arranged on the circuit substrate, the radiation patch and the antenna body are both rectangular, and the center point of the wide side of the radiation patch coincides with the center point of the wide side of the antenna body;

[0012] The wide side of the radiation patch is symmetrically connected with a connecting line and an impedance adjustment line, and the radiation patch is connected to the matching circuit via the connecting line.

[0013] Preferably, the dimension of the radiation patch in the length direction is one quarter of the wavelength, and the dimension in the width direction is 0.8 times the dimension in the length direction.

[0014] Preferably, the size of the radiation patch is 3.2 mm*4 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the impedance adjustment line is a rectangle of 0.5 mm*1 mm;

[0016] The length of the connecting line is the same as that of the impedance adjustment line, and the width of the connecting line is not less than 0.7 times the width of the impedance adjustment line and not greater than the width of the impedance adjustment line.

[0017] Preferably, the surface circuit board is arranged around the antenna body, and a plurality of via holes located in different layers are opened on the surface of the surface circuit board and close to the antenna body;

[0018] There is a ground gap between the radiation patch and the corresponding surface circuit board ground. The ground gap between the wide side of the radiation patch and the side away from the impedance adjustment line and the corresponding surface circuit board ground is 3mm.

[0019] The ground clearance between the long side of the radiation patch and the corresponding surface circuit board is 2 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the distance between the radiation patch and the bottom circuit board ground is not less than 0.5 mm.

[0021] An angle measurement combination includes any one or a combination of an XOZ plane angle measurement structure and a YOZ plane angle measurement structure. The XOZ plane angle measurement structure or the YOZ plane angle measurement structure is composed of a UWB antenna. The matching circuit of the UWB antenna is connected to a controller via a radio frequency impedance line.

[0022] Preferably, the XOZ surface angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna and a second UWB antenna, and the YOZ surface angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna and a third UWB antenna;

[0023] The center point of the first UWB antenna and the center point of the second UWB antenna have the same ordinate, and the distance in the X direction between the center point of the first UWB antenna and the center point of the second UWB antenna is no greater than half a wavelength;

[0024] The central point of the first UWB antenna and the central point of the third UWB antenna have the same horizontal coordinate, and the distance in the Y direction between the central point of the first UWB antenna and the central point of the third UWB antenna is no greater than half a wavelength.

[0025] Preferably, when measuring angles with X polarization, the first UWB antenna and the second UWB antenna have opposite directions in the X direction, and the first UWB antenna and the third UWB antenna have the same direction in the X-axis direction;

[0026] When measuring the angle with Y polarization, the first UWB antenna and the second UWB antenna have the same orientation in the Y direction, and the first UWB antenna and the third UWB antenna have opposite orientations in the Y axis direction.

[0027] Preferably, the characteristic impedance of the radio frequency impedance line is 48 ohms-52 ohms.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. Adjust the impedance of the antenna by setting the impedance adjustment line to reduce the matching loss;

[0030] 2. Symmetrical structure with good cross-polarization suppression;

[0031] 3. The antenna body size is 3.2mm*4mm, plus the avoidance area is about 7mm*7mm, the overall space occupied is smaller;

[0032] 4. Each antenna unit is close in the main polarization direction, and has a good angle measurement function as a whole.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an electrical connection diagram of a single antenna of a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a layout diagram of an angle measurement combination of the present invention during X-polarization angle measurement;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a layout diagram of an angle measurement combination of the present invention during Y-polarization angle measurement;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a surface current distribution diagram of the antenna body of the test example of the present invention when it is working;

[0039] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the antenna body of the test example of the present invention when working;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a diagram of standing waves and isolation of adjacent antennas when the first UWB antenna and the second UWB antenna of the test example of the present invention are working;

[0041] Figure 8 PDOA-AOA curve of the UWB antenna of the test example of the present invention when working.

[0042] Among them: 1. Surface circuit board ground; 2. Via hole; 3. Circuit substrate; 4. Radiating patch; 5. Connecting wire; 6. Matching circuit; 7. Impedance adjustment wire; 8. Controller; 9. First UWB antenna; 10. Second UWB antenna; 11. Third UWB antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0045] Like reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna includes an antenna body, a surface circuit board ground 1, a bottom circuit board ground arranged below the antenna body, and a matching circuit 6. The antenna body includes a circuit substrate 3 and a radiation patch 4 arranged on the circuit substrate 3. The radiation patch 4 and the antenna body are both rectangular, and the center point of the wide side of the radiation patch 4 coincides with the center point of the wide side of the antenna body; the wide side of the radiation patch 4 is symmetrically connected with a connecting line 5 and an impedance adjustment line 7, and the radiation patch 4 is connected to the matching circuit 6 via the connecting line 5. The angle of the radiation patch 4 of this embodiment can be elliptical or chamfered. In this embodiment, the matching circuit 6 is a PI or L-type matching, which is convenient for use when the antenna standing wave still needs to be adjusted after the circuit board is finalized.

[0049] The size of the radiation patch 4 in the length direction is a quarter wavelength, and the size in the width direction is 0.8 times the size in the length direction. In this embodiment, the size of the radiation patch 4 is 3.2mm*4mm. Alternatively, for UWB channel 9 (7.73GHz-8.24GHz), the recommended X-direction (length) size is 3.5mm-4.5mm, and the Y-direction (width) size is 2.5mm-3.5mm.

[0050] The impedance adjustment line 7 is a 0.5mm*1mm rectangle; the length of the connecting line 5 is the same as that of the impedance adjustment line 7, and the width of the connecting line 5 is not less than 0.7 times the width of the impedance adjustment line 7 and not greater than the width of the impedance adjustment line 7; in this embodiment, the impedance adjustment line 7 and the connecting line 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing between the impedance adjustment line 7 and the connecting line 5. The spacing between the radiation patch 4 and the bottom circuit board ground is not less than 0.5mm. Avoid the influence between the circuit boards to adjust the antenna standing wave.

[0051] In this embodiment, if the antenna body is located in the capacitive region, the length of the impedance adjustment line 7 in the X direction may be reduced or the width in the Y direction may be reduced; if the antenna body is located in the inductive region, the length of the impedance adjustment line 7 in the X direction may be increased or the width in the Y direction may be increased;

[0052] If the antenna body is located in the capacitive region, the distance between the impedance adjustment line 7 and the connecting line 5 is reduced; if the antenna body is located in the inductive region, the distance between the impedance adjustment line 7 and the connecting line 5 is increased.

[0053] By adjusting the above dimensions, the antenna impedance can be adjusted to reduce the mismatch between the UWB antenna and the RF impedance line (the mismatch will cause a reduction in the energy input from the chip to the UWB antenna).

[0054] The surface circuit board ground 1 is arranged around the antenna body, and a plurality of vias 2 located in different layers are opened on the surface circuit board ground 1 and close to the antenna body; there is a ground gap between the radiation patch 4 and the corresponding surface circuit board ground 1, and the ground gap between the wide side of the radiation patch 4 and the side away from the impedance adjustment line 7 and the corresponding surface circuit board ground 1 is 3mm; the ground gap between the long side of the radiation patch 4 and the corresponding surface circuit board is 2mm.

[0055] In this embodiment, the surface circuit board ground 1 can be surrounded all around the antenna body, or a semi-surrounding manner can be adopted, that is, the antenna body is located at the edge of the board, and the hole 2 is not required to be drilled on one side of the edge of the board.

[0056] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, an angle measurement combination includes any one or a combination of an XOZ plane angle measurement structure and a YOZ plane angle measurement structure, wherein the XOZ plane angle measurement structure or the YOZ plane angle measurement structure is composed of a UWB antenna, and a matching circuit 6 of the UWB antenna is connected to a controller 8 via a radio frequency impedance line. The characteristic impedance of the radio frequency impedance line is 48 ohms to 52 ohms.

[0057] The XOZ plane angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna 9 and a second UWB antenna 10, and the YOZ plane angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna 9 and a third UWB antenna 11; the center point of the first UWB antenna 9 and the center point of the second UWB antenna 10 have the same longitudinal coordinates. In the present embodiment, the maximum allowable deviation in the Y direction is recommended not to exceed one tenth of a wavelength, and the distance in the X direction between the center point of the first UWB antenna 9 and the center point of the second UWB antenna 10 is not greater than half a wavelength; the center point of the first UWB antenna 9 and the center point of the third UWB antenna 11 have the same horizontal coordinates. In the present embodiment, the maximum allowable deviation in the X direction is recommended not to exceed one tenth of a wavelength, and the distance in the Y direction between the center point of the first UWB antenna 9 and the center point of the third UWB antenna 11 is not greater than half a wavelength.

[0058] When measuring angles with X polarization, the first UWB antenna 9 and the second UWB antenna 10 have opposite directions in the X direction, and the first UWB antenna 9 and the third UWB antenna 11 have the same direction in the X-axis direction; when measuring angles with Y polarization, the first UWB antenna 9 and the second UWB antenna 10 have the same direction in the Y direction, and the first UWB antenna 9 and the third UWB antenna 11 have opposite directions in the Y-axis direction.

[0059] The direction of the UWB antenna described in this embodiment is the arrangement direction of the antenna, that is, the direction in which the UWB antenna is connected to the controller 8 .

[0060] It should be noted that Figure 3 and Figure 4 The layout shown is only an example. In this embodiment, the second UWB antenna 10 can also be moved along the Y direction to a position in the same Y direction as the third UWB antenna 11. In this case, the second UWB antenna 10 and the third UWB antenna 11 can be used to implement XOZ plane angle measurement, and the first UWB antenna 9 and the third UWB antenna 11 can implement YOZ plane angle measurement; the first UWB antenna 9 can also be moved along the X direction to a position in the same X direction as the second UWB antenna 10. In this case, the first UWB antenna 9 and the second UWB antenna 10 implement XOZ plane angle measurement, and the second UWB antenna 10 and the third UWB antenna 11 implement YOZ plane angle measurement.

[0061] In this embodiment, the polarization in the X direction can be rotated by 90° to achieve the polarization angle measurement in the Y direction, or rotated by 45° to achieve the polarization in other directions, which are not listed here one by one.

[0062] Test example

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the current is mainly distributed in the radiation patch 4 and the adjacent area; Figure 6 As shown, there are fewer surface pits; Figure 7 As shown, it can be seen that the standing waves of the first UWB antenna 9 and the second UWB antenna 10 are deeper and have better isolation (less than -25 dB on average), that is, the mutual influence between the antennas is small; Figure 8 As shown, the angle measurement performance of the present invention is demonstrated.

[0064] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structure of the on-board miniaturized UWB antenna and angle measurement combination, and adjusts the impedance of the antenna by setting an impedance adjustment line to reduce the matching loss.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A board-mounted miniaturized UWB antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises an antenna body, a surface circuit board ground, a bottom circuit board ground arranged below the antenna body, and a matching circuit. The antenna body comprises a circuit substrate and a radiation patch arranged on the circuit substrate. Both the radiation patch and the circuit substrate are rectangular. The center point of the wide side of the radiation patch coincides with the center point of the wide side of the circuit substrate. The wide side of the radiation patch is symmetrically connected with a connecting line and an impedance adjustment line, and the radiation patch is connected to the matching circuit via the connecting line; The matching circuit is PI or L-type matching, which is convenient for use when the antenna standing wave needs to be adjusted after the circuit board is finalized; The impedance adjustment line is a rectangle of 0.5mm*1mm; The length of the connecting line is the same as that of the impedance adjustment line, and the width of the connecting line is not less than 0.7 times the width of the impedance adjustment line and not greater than the width of the impedance adjustment line; The surface circuit board is arranged around the antenna body, and a plurality of via holes located in different layers are opened on the surface circuit board and close to the antenna body; There is a ground gap between the radiation patch and the corresponding surface circuit board ground. The ground gap between the wide side of the radiation patch and the side away from the impedance adjustment line and the corresponding surface circuit board ground is 3mm. The ground clearance between the long side of the radiation patch and the corresponding surface circuit board is 2 mm.

2. The miniaturized UWB antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimension of the radiation patch in the length direction is one quarter of the wavelength, and the dimension in the width direction is 0.8 times of the dimension in the length direction.

3. The miniaturized UWB antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the radiation patch is 3.2mm*4mm.

4. The miniaturized UWB antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the radiating patch and the bottom circuit board ground should not be less than 0.5mm.

5. An angle measuring combination, characterized in that: It comprises any one or a combination of an XOZ plane angle measurement structure and a YOZ plane angle measurement structure, wherein the XOZ plane angle measurement structure or the YOZ plane angle measurement structure is composed of a UWB antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 above, and a matching circuit of the UWB antenna is connected to a controller via a radio frequency impedance line.

6. An angle measuring assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The XOZ surface angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna and a second UWB antenna, and the YOZ surface angle measurement structure includes a first UWB antenna and a third UWB antenna; The center point of the first UWB antenna and the center point of the second UWB antenna have the same ordinate, and the distance in the X direction between the center point of the first UWB antenna and the center point of the second UWB antenna is no greater than half a wavelength; The central point of the first UWB antenna and the central point of the third UWB antenna have the same horizontal coordinate, and the distance in the Y direction between the central point of the first UWB antenna and the central point of the third UWB antenna is no greater than half a wavelength.

7. An angle measuring assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: When measuring angles with X polarization, the first UWB antenna and the second UWB antenna have opposite directions in the X direction, and the first UWB antenna and the third UWB antenna have the same direction in the X axis direction; When measuring the angle with Y polarization, the first UWB antenna and the second UWB antenna have the same orientation in the Y direction, and the first UWB antenna and the third UWB antenna have opposite orientations in the Y axis direction.

8. The angle measuring assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The characteristic impedance of the RF impedance line is 48 ohms-52 ohms.

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