A method for forming a ring-shaped metal member by locally heating and deconstructing and expanding

Abstract

The application relates to a local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method of a ring-shaped metal piece, and belongs to the technical field of metal forming. The method solves the problems of material waste and low forming efficiency in the forming method of the ring-shaped metal piece in the prior art. The deconstruction and expansion forming method comprises the following steps: S1, placing a preform of a metal workpiece on a workbench; S2, clamping the preform by a mechanical arm, and sleeving the preform outside an adjusting roller; driving the adjusting roller to displace by an adjusting motor, so that the preform is subjected to tensile deformation; S3, driving the adjusting roller to reset by the adjusting motor, and adjusting the position of the preform by the mechanical arm; and S4, repeating the steps S2 and S3 until the preform is expanded to a desired shape, and forming is completed. The adjusting roller is displaced to apply a pulling force to the preform to make the preform expand and deform, so that the multi-point expansion forming of the metal workpiece is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal forming technology, and in particular to a method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts. Background Technology

[0002] Hot forming plays an important role in the aerospace field as a metal forming method; integral forming materials such as the main load-bearing end frames, skeletons, and bulkheads of rockets, fighter jets, and missiles are mostly manufactured using hot forming methods.

[0003] Existing forming methods suffer from low material utilization, difficulty in controlling the uniformity of material microstructure and properties during forming, high equipment requirements, and long manufacturing cycles. Metal deconstruction and expansion forming technology decomposes or disassembles the structural features of a product and rearranges them, then projects them into a very small planar configuration. Process separation and connection zones are prepared on the pre-made blank, and external forces are applied in the designated areas at appropriate times to expand the blank until the product with the corresponding structural configuration is obtained. This is a material-saving and labor-saving near-net-shape forming manufacturing method.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides a method for local heating and deconstruction expansion forming of annular metal parts to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a method for local heating and deconstruction expansion forming of annular metal parts, in order to solve the problems of low material utilization and long forming cycle of existing annular metal parts forming.

[0006] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for local heating and deconstruction expansion forming of a ring-shaped metal part, wherein the expansion forming is performed using a deconstruction expansion forming device;

[0008] The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method includes:

[0009] Step S1: Place the pre-formed blank of the metal workpiece on the worktable;

[0010] Step S2: The robotic arm clamps the preform, and the preform is placed on the outside of the adjusting roller; the adjusting motor drives the adjusting roller to move, so that the preform is stretched and deformed.

[0011] Step S3: Adjust the motor drive to reset the rollers, and use the robotic arm to adjust the position of the preform.

[0012] Step S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 until the preform expands to the desired shape, and the forming is completed.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the preform is frame-shaped and has a hollow channel; the adjusting roller is perpendicular to the table surface of the workbench and is located inside the hollow channel.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the preform is heated until it reaches the heat deformation temperature; the preform is heated by a heating device set on the workbench; or, the preform is heated to the heat deformation temperature and then placed on the workbench.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the end of the robotic arm is equipped with a mechanical gripper; the robotic arm is equipped with an image acquisition module, which can acquire the real-time shape and position of the preform.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S2, the height of the adjusting roller is greater than the thickness of the preform.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, when the robotic arm adjusts the position of the preform, it sequentially grasps different positions of the frame-shaped preform by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the worktable is also provided with a first roll and a second roll perpendicular to its surface; the first roll and the second roll are driven to rotate by a drive motor.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S1, the first roll and the second roll are located outside the preform.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, when the preform is pushed to a state of compression with the first and second rolls by adjusting the rolls, the rotation of the first and second rolls can roll the preform into shape.

[0021] Furthermore, the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment includes: a worktable and a thermoforming device; the thermoforming device is mounted on the worktable; one or more thermoforming devices are provided; the thermoforming device includes: an adjusting roll and an adjusting motor; the adjusting motor is used to drive the adjusting roll to a certain displacement.

[0022] The technical solution of this invention can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0023] 1. The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method for ring-shaped metal parts of the present invention achieves shape adjustment and expansion of the metal workpiece by adjusting the rolls to stretch the pre-formed metal part at a high temperature. This significantly improves the material utilization rate of the parts, reaching 30% or more, which is more than 5 times higher than the traditional forging process. It also significantly reduces raw material costs, especially for high-value metals such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys. In addition, the amount of finishing work is also greatly reduced, saving a lot of machining costs.

[0024] 2. The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method for ring-shaped metal parts of the present invention stretches the preform by adjusting the displacement of the rollers driven by a motor, while simultaneously adjusting the position of the workpiece by a robotic arm rotating in a circular manner, performing multiple and multi-point stretching on the frame-shaped preform to expand and form it. This lays the equipment foundation for the thermoforming of frame-like structural parts and provides a new forming method for complex and difficult-to-form parts.

[0025] 3. The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method of the present invention can realize the expansion forming of frame-shaped parts. It can not only realize the expansion forming of circular metal workpieces, but also the forming of rectangular, prismatic and other frame-shaped parts; the forming efficiency is high, the manufacturing cycle is shortened, and the product qualification rate and stability are improved.

[0026] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method for the annular metal part of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment for realizing the local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method of the present invention for annular metal parts.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the thermoforming apparatus of the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment with a swing-type adjusting roller assembly according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the adjusting roller assembly of the deconstructed expanding forming equipment;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 The use of the expanding cam in the deconstruction expanding forming equipment to expand metal parts;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting roller assembly of the deconstructed expanding forming device of the present invention, which has a double-sided expanding adjusting roller assembly.

[0036] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the adjustment roller assembly of the deconstruction and expansion forming equipment;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preform for a ring-shaped workpiece;

[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the expansion and forming state of the preform in the process;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preform with an inner arm feature;

[0040] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the expansion and forming state of the preform in the process;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a precast blank with outer wall features;

[0042] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the expansion and forming state of the preform.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] 1-Workbench; 2-Thermoforming device; 21-First roll; 22-Second roll; 23-Adjusting roll; 24-Positioning table; 25-Adjusting motor; 27-Drive motor; 26-Reducer unit; 231-Adjusting platform; 232-Rotating shaft; 233-Expanding cam; 234-Support frame; 235-Expanding motor; 236-First gear; 237-Second gear; 241-Screw; 242-Slide rail; 243-Busset; 244-Fixed seat; 251-First cam; 252-Second cam; 253-First rotating shaft; 254-Second rotating shaft; 3-Robot arm; 31-Robot arm slide rail; 4-Heating device; 5-Metal workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for locally heated deconstruction and expansion forming of annular metal parts, such as... Figure 1 As shown; the local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method includes: Step S1: placing the preform of the metal workpiece on the worktable; Step S2: the robotic arm clamps the preform, and the preform is fitted onto the outside of the adjusting roller; the adjusting motor drives the adjusting roller to move, causing the preform to undergo tensile deformation; Step S3: the adjusting motor drives the adjusting roller to reset, and the robotic arm adjusts the position of the preform; Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 until the preform expands to the expected shape, and the forming is completed.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this invention employs a deconstruction and expansion forming device to expand and form a preform. The deconstruction and expansion forming device includes: a worktable 1, a thermoforming device 2, and a robotic arm 3. The worktable 1 is used to support the metal workpiece 5 to be processed. The thermoforming device 2 is mounted on the worktable 1. One or more thermoforming devices are provided. The thermoforming device 2 includes: an adjusting roller 23 and an adjusting motor 25. The adjusting motor 25 is used to drive the adjusting roller 23 to move. When the adjusting roller 23 moves, it can apply a tensile force to the metal workpiece 5, thereby pushing the metal workpiece 5 to undergo expansion deformation. The end effector of the robotic arm 3 is a mechanical gripper; the mechanical gripper is used to hold the metal workpiece 5. In this invention, when expanding the metal workpiece 5 using the adjusting roller 23, the robotic arm 3 holds the metal workpiece 5 through its end-effector mechanical gripper, providing the tensile force to expand and deform the metal workpiece 5.

[0049] Furthermore, the base of the robotic arm 3 is slidably mounted on the robotic arm slide rail 31, and the robotic arm 3 can be driven by a motor, pneumatic or hydraulic means to slide along the robotic arm slide rail 31. The robotic arm 3 controls the mechanical grippers to grasp the metal workpiece 5 for progressive or regressive and rotational operations through a built-in automatic control program, and performs multi-point stretching by adjusting the rollers 23 to achieve the final formed shape and size, and unloads the material after forming is completed.

[0050] In step S1, the preform is frame-shaped and has a hollow channel; the adjusting roller is perpendicular to the table surface and located inside the hollow channel.

[0051] In step S1, the preform is heated until it reaches the heat deformation temperature; the preform is heated by the heating device 4 set on the workbench; or, the preform is heated to the heat deformation temperature and then placed on the workbench.

[0052] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, a heating device 4 is further provided on the workbench 1; the heating device 4 is used to heat the metal workpiece 5. The heating device 4 is used to heat the part to the thermoforming temperature. In the present invention, one or more sets of heating devices 4 are provided on the workbench 1; providing multiple sets of heating devices 4 can enable multi-point synchronous heating of the metal workpiece 5; thereby improving the temperature rise efficiency and thermoforming efficiency of the metal workpiece 5.

[0053] Specifically, the heating device 4 is located on one side of the adjusting roll 23; or, multiple heating devices 4 are located on the worktable 1.

[0054] In step S2, the end of the robotic arm is equipped with a mechanical gripper; the robotic arm is integrated with an image acquisition module, which can acquire the real-time shape and position of the preform.

[0055] In step S2, the height of the adjusting roller 23 is greater than the thickness of the preform.

[0056] Furthermore, the adjusting roller 23 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the bushing 243; the bushing 243 is provided with an internal thread and is threadedly connected to the screw 241 through the internal thread; the screw 241 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the adjusting motor 25; the adjusting motor 25 is a rotary motor.

[0057] Furthermore, a positioning platform 24 is provided below the workbench 1; two parallel slide rails 242 are fixedly provided on the positioning platform 24; the bushing 243 is slidably mounted on the slide rails 242; when the adjusting motor 25 drives the screw 241 to rotate, the bushing 243 slides linearly relative to the slide rails 242.

[0058] Alternatively, the adjusting motor 25 can be a linear motor, which can directly drive the adjusting roller 23 to move; or a hydraulic cylinder can be used as the driving component to drive the adjusting roller 23 to move.

[0059] In this invention, the adjusting motor 25 is connected to the bushing via a screw 241. By controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the adjusting motor 25, the screw 241 can be driven to rotate forward or reverse. The screw 241 and the bushing 243 are screwed together. When the screw 241 rotates, it can drive the bushing 243 to slide along the slide rail 242, thereby realizing the displacement of the adjusting roller 23. Specifically, the adjusting motor 25 drives the bushing 243 to move, thereby causing the adjusting roller 23 to move forward or backward by different dimensions. When the adjusting roller 23 moves forward, it can apply a tensile force inside the precast metal part 5, thereby causing the precast metal part 5 to deform. When the adjusting roller 23 moves backward, it can release the metal workpiece 5, and then the position of the metal workpiece can be adjusted by the robotic arm 3.

[0060] Furthermore, the inner wall of the slide rail 242 is provided with a T-shaped groove; the two sides of the bushing 243 are provided with T-shaped sliders; the T-shaped sliders are slidably installed in the T-shaped groove.

[0061] In this invention, a lead screw pair is formed between the screw 241, the bushing 243, and the slide rail 242. When the screw 241 rotates, it can drive the T-shaped sliders on both sides of the bushing 243 to slide in the T-shaped groove, thereby adjusting the displacement of the roller 23.

[0062] Furthermore, the worktable 1 is provided with an adjustment opening; the adjustment roller 23 protrudes from the upper surface of the worktable at the adjustment opening.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment opening is a rectangular hole; the adjustment roller 23 is set in the adjustment opening, so that when the metal workpiece 5 is placed on the worktable 1, the adjustment roller 23 can extend into the inside of the metal workpiece 5, as shown. Figure 3 As shown.

[0064] The workpiece thermoforming adjustment structure of this invention has three forms: cylindrical adjustment roller 23, oscillating adjustment roller assembly, and double-sided expanding adjustment roller assembly. In this invention, different types of adjustment structures are selected according to the structural type of the formed workpiece.

[0065] Specifically, for workpieces with no features on either the inner or outer sides, a cylindrical adjusting roll 23 is selected; such as Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown.

[0066] Specifically, for workpieces with distinctive inner or outer features, rolling forming can easily damage their surface characteristics. Therefore, a swing-type adjusting roller assembly or a double-sided expanding adjusting roller assembly is used to stretch and expand the preform. By applying expanding tension or thrust to the inner side of the preform, the deformation of the metal workpiece 5 is achieved. Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 The image shows a schematic diagram of the state of a ring-shaped part before and after forming, with or without inner or outer wall features.

[0067] The first type: cylindrical rolls;

[0068] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the adjusted roller 23 is cylindrical and rotatably mounted on the bushing 243. In step S1, the worktable 1 is also provided with a first roller 21 and a second roller 22 perpendicular to its surface; the first roller 21 and the second roller 22 are driven to rotate by a drive motor 27. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 are located on the outside of the preform.

[0069] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper surface of the worktable 1; a fixed seat 244 parallel to the positioning table 24 is arranged above the worktable 1; the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 are rotatably mounted between the positioning table 24 and the fixed seat 244; when the adjusting motor 25 drives the adjusting roll 23 to move, the adjusting roll 23 moves closer to or away from the first roll 21 and the second roll 22.

[0070] In step S2, when the preform is pushed to the state of being squeezed by the first and second rolls by the adjustment of the roll 23, the rotation of the first and second rolls can roll the preform into shape.

[0071] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, when the robotic arm 3 clamps the metal workpiece 5, adjusting the displacement of the roller 23 can stretch and expand the metal workpiece 5; by adjusting the position of the metal workpiece 5 by the robotic arm 3, and simultaneously stretching different positions of the metal workpiece 5 by adjusting the roller 23, the workpiece can be formed by inching; when the robotic arm 3 releases the metal workpiece 5, and the first roller 21, the second roller 22 and the adjusting roller 23 rotate synchronously, the metal workpiece 5 can be partially rolled, thereby achieving the rolling forming of the metal workpiece 5.

[0072] Specifically, the drive motor 27 is connected to the first roll 21, driving the first roll 21 to rotate. The first roll 21 and the second roll 22 rotate together through a transmission mechanism. By cooperating with the adjustment roll 23 to stretch the workpiece, the inching forming or rolling forming features of the metal workpiece 5 can be completed.

[0073] In step S2, when a cylindrical adjusting roller 23 is used, the blank forming method is as follows:

[0074] Step S201: The preform is placed between the adjusting roll 23 and the first roll 21 and the second roll 22, and the part is locally and rapidly heated by the heating device 4;

[0075] Step S202: By adjusting the motor 25 to drive the adjusting roller 23 to repeatedly move to the designated position, the preform is jogged and formed.

[0076] Step S203: When the adjusting roll 23 extends, it can clamp the metal workpiece 5 between the first roll 21, the second roll 22, and the adjusting roll 23. At this time, the rotation of the first roll 21, the second roll 22, and the adjusting roll 23 can roll the metal workpiece 5 into a ring shape, thereby obtaining a ring-shaped workpiece; the part blank is as follows Figure 9 As shown, the formed ring-shaped workpiece is as follows Figure 10 As shown.

[0077] In this invention, the inching forming and rolling forming methods in steps S202 and S203 can be used individually or in combination.

[0078] Furthermore, the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 are connected to the drive motor 27 via a reducer unit 26; the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 can rotate synchronously under the drive of the drive motor 27. Preferably, the reducer unit 26 is a gear reducer, and the first roll 21 and the second roll 22 achieve synchronous rotation through a sprocket mechanism.

[0079] The second type is the oscillating adjusting roller assembly:

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, when the formed workpiece has inner wall features or outer wall features, a swing-type adjusting roller assembly is used as an alternative structure to the adjusting roller 23.

[0081] In this embodiment, the displacement of the oscillating adjusting roller assembly is driven by the motor 25, thereby stretching and expanding the metal workpiece 5 through the oscillating adjusting roller assembly. Figure 5 As shown. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the oscillating adjustment roller assembly includes: an adjustment platform 231, a rotating shaft 232, an expansion cam 233, and an expansion motor 235.

[0082] Specifically, the adjustment platform 231 is connected to the adjustment motor 25 and can move under the drive of the adjustment motor 25; the expansion motor 235 is fixedly installed on the adjustment platform 231 and can drive the rotating shaft 232 to rotate; one end of the rotating shaft 232 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the adjustment motor 25, and the other end passes through the adjustment platform 231 and is fixedly connected to the expansion cam 233; so that the expansion motor 235 can drive the expansion cam 233 to rotate.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, the expansion motor 235 is fixedly connected to the adjustment platform 231 via a support frame 234. Specifically, the support frame 234 is arranged perpendicular to the adjustment platform 231 and is fixedly connected to the adjustment platform 231 by welding or bolts. The expansion motor 235 is fixedly mounted on the side of the support frame 234 by welding or bolts.

[0084] Specifically, the output shaft of the expansion motor 235 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the adjustment platform 231; the rotating shaft 232 is rotatably mounted in the adjustment platform 321 via bearings, and its two ends pass through the adjustment platform 231 and are fixedly connected to the output shaft of the expansion motor 235 and the expansion cam 233, respectively. The expansion cam 233 can synchronously adjust the displacement of the platform 231 and can rotate relative to the adjustment platform 231.

[0085] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the expanding cam 233 is crescent-shaped and its middle part is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 232.

[0086] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the outer surface of the expanding cam 233 is an arc surface, and the distance between the outer surface of the expanding cam 235 and the axis of the rotating shaft 232 gradually increases from the center to both sides.

[0087] In step S2, the method of using a swing-type adjusting roller assembly for expansion forming is as follows:

[0088] Step S111: Adjust the motor 25 to drive the adjustment platform 321 to move, and the expansion cam 233 moves synchronously. At the same time, it assists the clamping action of the robotic arm 3, so that the expansion cam 233 can stretch the metal workpiece 5.

[0089] Step S212: When the expanding cam 233 stretches the metal workpiece 5, the middle part of the expanding cam 233 contacts the inner wall surface of the metal workpiece 5; the expanding motor 235 drives the expanding cam 233 to deflect to the left, and the left half of the expanding cam 233 presses against the inner wall surface of the metal workpiece 5, and can expand the left side of the metal workpiece 5.

[0090] Step S213: When the expanding motor 235 drives the expanding cam 233 to deflect to the right, the right half of the expanding cam 233 is pressed against the inner wall of the metal workpiece 5 and can expand the right side of the metal workpiece 5.

[0091] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, when the expanding motor 235 drives the expanding cam 233 to reciprocate left and right, the outer arc surface of the expanding cam 233 gradually presses against the metal workpiece 5, expanding the inner surface of the metal workpiece 5 into an arc surface with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the expanding cam 233. By driving the expanding motor 235 to drive the expanding cam 233 to deflect left and right, the left and right sides of the contact area between the metal workpiece 5 and the expanding cam 233 can be expanded. After expansion, the outer surface of the expanding cam 233 is in a state of near tangency with the inner wall surface of the metal workpiece 5, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0092] In this invention, for a small-angled position of the metal workpiece 5, the rotation of the expanding cam 233 can expand the local position of the metal workpiece 5 to both sides; the left and right deflection of the expanding cam 233 can expand the local angled position and the local protrusion formed during the workpiece stretching process, thereby improving the flatness of the formed workpiece. By adjusting the position of the part by the robotic arm 3, the robotic arm 3 continuously adjusts the position of the metal workpiece 5, and the expanding cam 233 can stretch and expand multiple points of the preform into shape.

[0093] The third type: Double-sided expanding adjustment roller assembly:

[0094] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, when the formed workpiece has inner wall features or outer wall features, a double-sided expanding adjusting roller assembly is used as an alternative structure to the adjusting roller 23. The double-sided expanding adjusting roller assembly designs the expanding cam 233 of the swing-type adjusting roller assembly as a separate structure.

[0095] Specifically, a combination of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 is used to replace the expanding cam 233.

[0096] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the adjusting roller assembly of this embodiment includes: a first cam 251, a second cam 252, a first rotating shaft 253, a second rotating shaft 254, a first gear 236, a second gear 237, and an expansion motor 235.

[0097] Specifically, the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are identical in shape and symmetrically arranged. The expansion motor 235 is fixedly mounted on the adjustment platform 231, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the first gear 236; the first gear 236 meshes with the second gear 237 and rotates in opposite directions. One end of the first rotating shaft 253 is fixedly connected to the first cam 251, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first gear 236; one end of the second rotating shaft 254 is fixedly connected to the second cam 252, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second gear 237. Since the first gear 236, the first rotating shaft 253, and the output shaft of the expansion motor 235 are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, when the expansion motor 235 drives the first gear 236 to rotate, it can drive the first cam 251 to rotate; simultaneously, the second gear 237 can drive the second rotating shaft 254 and the second cam 252 to rotate synchronously, and in the opposite direction to the rotation of the first cam 251.

[0098] In other words, the expansion motor 235 outputs rotational motion to the first gear 236, and the first gear 236 meshes with the second gear 237 to drive the second gear 237 to rotate in the opposite direction. Thus, the first gear 236 and the second gear 237 can drive the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 to deflect synchronously in opposite directions.

[0099] Specifically, the expansion motor 235 is fixedly installed below the adjustment platform 231 by a support frame 234; the first rotating shaft 253 and the second rotating shaft 254 are both installed through the adjustment platform 231 and are rotatably installed on the adjustment platform 231 by bearings.

[0100] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, both the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are columnar structures with a fan-shaped cross-section. Specifically, the first rotating shaft 253 and the second rotating shaft 254 are respectively fixedly installed at one end of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252. When the expansion motor 235 drives the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 to rotate, their outer arc surfaces move outward synchronously.

[0101] Specifically, the sector columns of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 each have two radial side planes; and the radial side planes of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are in contact with each other.

[0102] Specifically, the end of the first cam 251 connected to the first rotating shaft 253 is provided with a first fillet, and the end of the second cam 252 connected to the second rotating shaft 254 is provided with a second fillet; the arc surface of the first fillet is coaxial with the first rotating shaft 253, and the arc surface of the second fillet is coaxial with the second rotating shaft 254, and the first fillet and the second fillet are tangent. That is to say, the sum of the radius R1 of the first fillet and the radius R2 of the second fillet is equal to the distance L between the axis of the first rotating shaft 253 and the axis of the second rotating shaft 254. Figure 8 As shown, when the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 rotate in opposite directions under the drive of the expanding motor 235, the arc surfaces of the first fillet and the second fillet are tangent and roll relative to each other. Preferably, both the first fillet and the second fillet are 90° fillets. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the deflection angles of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are set according to the actual requirements of the formed product, and 90° is the maximum deflection angle of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252.

[0103] In this embodiment, the outer arc surfaces of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are circular arc surfaces or involute arc surfaces; or, they may be other types of arc surfaces. The type, curvature, and curvature variation law of the outer arc surfaces of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 are not considered as limitations on the shape and structure of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 in this embodiment.

[0104] In step S2, the expansion process of the double-sided expanding adjusting roller assembly on the metal workpiece 5 is as follows:

[0105] Step S221: Adjust the displacement of the motor 25 to drive the adjustment platform 231, thereby adjusting the platform 231 to drive the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 to move. The first cam 251 and the second cam 252 can stretch the metal workpiece 5, thereby causing the metal workpiece 5 to expand and deform.

[0106] Step S222: The expansion motor 235 drives the first gear 236 to rotate, and the second gear 237 meshes with the first gear 236 for transmission;

[0107] Step S223: The first gear 236 and the second gear 237 drive the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 to rotate in opposite directions through the first rotating shaft 253 and the second rotating shaft 254, respectively. The outer arc surfaces of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 press the metal workpiece 5 to expand and shape the metal workpiece 5.

[0108] In step S223, when the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 rotate in opposite directions, the first fillet and the second fillet rotate relative to each other and switch to different contact positions.

[0109] In steps S222 and S223, by controlling the magnitude of the deflection angle output by the expanding motor 235, the deflection angles of the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 can be controlled, thereby controlling the expanding intensity of the metal workpiece 5.

[0110] In this invention, the first cam 251 and the second cam 252 expand and deflect synchronously, which can expand or correct the local bending, angle or abnormal protrusion of the metal workpiece 5; thus improving the forming efficiency and forming quality of the metal workpiece 5.

[0111] In step S3, when the robotic arm 3 adjusts the position of the metal workpiece 5, it sequentially grasps different positions of the frame-shaped metal workpiece 5 by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0112] In step S3, the robotic arm 3 rotates to grasp different positions of the metal workpiece 5, which can sequentially expand multiple potentials of the metal workpiece 5. Each time the robotic arm 3 rotates the metal workpiece 5 once, it completes a set of expansion and forming actions. Furthermore, the robotic arm 3 performs multiple expansion and forming operations on the metal workpiece 5, which can gradually shape the preform into the desired shape.

[0113] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has one of the following beneficial effects:

[0114] 1. The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method of the present invention solves the problems of low material utilization, long manufacturing cycle and cumbersome manual operation in the thermoforming process of frame-type parts by adjusting the roller 23 to push and pull the workpiece blank and adjusting the position of the part by the robotic arm 3.

[0115] 2. The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method of the present invention expands and forms parts by adjusting rollers, which has high forming efficiency, has little impact on the uniformity of microstructure and properties during the forming process, and can improve the utilization rate of part materials.

[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locally heating and deconstructing expansion forming of a ring-shaped metal part, characterized in that, Expanding and forming is performed using deconstruction and expansion forming equipment; The deconstruction and expansion forming equipment includes a worktable and a thermoforming device; The thermoforming apparatus includes: a oscillating adjusting roller assembly and an adjusting motor; the adjusting motor is used to drive the oscillating adjusting roller assembly to a certain displacement. The swing-type adjusting roller assembly includes: an adjusting platform, a rotating shaft, an expanding cam, and an expanding motor; The expanding cam is crescent-shaped, and the distance between the outer surface of the expanding cam and the axis of rotation gradually increases from the center to both sides; The local heating deconstruction and expansion forming method includes: Step S1: placing the preform on a worktable; Step S2: a robotic arm clamps the preform, which is then fitted onto the outside of the oscillating adjusting roller assembly; adjusting the displacement of the oscillating adjusting roller assembly driven by the motor to cause the preform to undergo tensile deformation; Step S3: adjusting the reset of the oscillating adjusting roller assembly driven by the motor, and adjusting the position of the preform by the robotic arm; Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 until the preform expands to the desired shape, and the forming is completed. In step S2, the method of using a swing-type adjusting roller assembly for expansion forming is as follows: Step S211: Adjust the motor to drive the adjustment platform to move, and the expansion cam moves synchronously. At the same time, the mechanical arm assists in the clamping action, so that the expansion cam can stretch the preform. Step S212: When the expanding cam stretches the preform, the middle part of the expanding cam contacts the inner wall surface of the preform; the expanding motor drives the expanding cam to deflect to the left, and the left half of the expanding cam presses against the inner wall surface of the preform. Step S213: When the expanding motor drives the expanding cam to deflect to the right, the right half of the expanding cam comes into contact with the inner wall of the preform. In step S3, when the robotic arm adjusts the position of the preform, it sequentially grasps different positions of the frame-shaped preform by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise. The robotic arm completes a set of expansion and forming actions by rotating the preform once. The robotic arm performs multiple expansion and forming operations on the preform.

2. The method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the preform is frame-shaped and has a hollow channel; the expanding cam is perpendicular to the table surface and located in the hollow channel.

3. The method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the preform is heated until it reaches the heat deformation temperature; the preform is heated by a heating device set on the workbench; or, the preform is heated to the heat deformation temperature and then placed on the workbench.

4. The method for locally heating and deconstructing expansion forming of annular metal parts according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In step S2, the end of the robotic arm is equipped with a mechanical gripper; the robotic arm is equipped with an image acquisition module, which can acquire the real-time shape and position of the preform.

5. The method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S1, the workbench is also provided with a first roll and a second roll perpendicular to its surface; the first roll and the second roll are driven to rotate by a drive motor.

6. The method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the first roll and the second roll are located outside the preform.

7. The method for local heating, deconstruction, and expansion forming of annular metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, when the expanding cam pushes the preform to a state of compression with the first and second rolls, the rotation of the first and second rolls can roll the preform into shape.

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