Vertical jet flow energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge

Abstract

The vertical jet flow energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge comprises an inlet tower, a valve is arranged at the inlet end of the inlet tower, the outlet end of the inlet tower is connected with the inlet end of a water supply pipe, the outlet end of the water supply pipe is connected with a vertical jet flow device, and the vertical jet flow device is fixed at the bottom of an energy dissipation pool; the upstream water flow is guided to the vertical jet flow device through the water supply pipe, so that the vertical jet flow energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge is arranged without being limited by the hub area topography and geological conditions, thereby solving the problem that the energy dissipation facilities are limited by factors such as narrow river valley and complex geological conditions, and cannot be normally installed and used, and resolving the damage risk of the existing energy dissipation technology to the reservoir hub area building facilities during high-energy discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering technology and relates to a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most of China's high dam projects are located in the high mountain and canyon areas of the west. During flood discharge, they are characterized by high water head, large flow, large discharge power, narrow river valleys, and complex geological conditions. This makes it more technically difficult to prevent or reduce the scouring and damage of water flow to hydraulic structures and downstream canals during flood discharge.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main methods for solving the problem of high dam flood discharge include three categories: dam body flood discharge, bank flood discharge, and combined flood discharge. However, regardless of the method, the downstream water flow is characterized by high head, high velocity, and concentrated water flow, which often leads to damage to downstream spillway structures. Therefore, energy dissipation facilities are usually required to reduce the excess kinetic energy of the downstream rapid flow. However, in actual engineering, factors such as narrow river valleys and complex geological conditions often prevent the installation of energy dissipation facilities in the reservoir hub area. In addition, for high dam spillway energy dissipation, due to the large amount of spillway energy, conventional energy dissipation facilities are prone to failure and damage to the structures and facilities in the reservoir hub area, posing a significant risk to their application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge, which solves the problem that existing energy dissipation facilities are limited by factors such as narrow river valleys and complex geological conditions, making it impossible to deploy energy dissipation facilities in the hub area. This also mitigates the risk of damage to reservoir hub area structures and facilities caused by existing energy dissipation technologies during high-energy discharge.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge, including a water intake tower, which consists of several water intake towers. Each water intake tower has a valve at its inlet end and a water supply pipe connected to its outlet end. The outlet end of the water supply pipe is connected to a vertical jet device, which is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool.

[0006] The invention is further characterized by:

[0007] The vertical jet device includes several diversion pipes. One end of each diversion pipe is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe, and the other end of each diversion pipe is a closed end. Several branch pipes are connected between every two adjacent diversion pipes. The branch pipes are arranged in parallel, and a vertical jet pipe is connected to the middle of each branch pipe in the vertical direction. The diversion pipes and branch pipes are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation tank.

[0008] The energy dissipation pool includes a pool body, a buffer layer at the bottom of the pool body, which is composed of any one or a combination of water and gravel, and an overflow weir is also provided on the side wall of the pool body.

[0009] Flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes on both sides of the vertical jet pipe. A flow guiding component is also installed at the connection between the branch pipe and the vertical jet pipe to prevent the water flow from forming a negative pressure zone. The flow guiding component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe and is located at the connection between the branch pipe and the vertical jet pipe, and is located directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe.

[0010] The flow guiding component has a streamlined body boundary, and the streamlined body boundary is generally shaped like a herringbone.

[0011] The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe is a frustoconical diffusion port with a diffusion angle of 3°-12°. The vertical jet pipe is also equipped with a water jet breaking device, which is composed of either a first water jet breaking device or a second water jet breaking device.

[0012] The first water jet breaking device is located at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe. The first water jet breaking device includes several water jet breaking rods. The water jet breaking rods are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe. One end of the water jet breaking rod is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet pipe.

[0013] The second water jet breaking device is located above the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe. The second water jet breaking device includes a flange and a jet nozzle. One end of the flange is connected to the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe, and the other end of the flange is connected to the jet nozzle. The water jet breaking rods are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the jet nozzle. One end of the water jet breaking rod is fixed to the inner wall of the jet nozzle, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod is perpendicular to the axis of the jet nozzle.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] This invention relates to a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge. Upstream water flows through a supply pipe to a vertical jet device, allowing the entire system to be deployed without being restricted by the terrain and geological conditions of the dam's flood discharge area. This solves the problem of energy dissipation facilities being unable to be installed and used properly due to factors such as narrow river valleys and complex geological conditions. It also mitigates the risk of damage to reservoir structures during high-energy discharge using existing energy dissipation technologies. By setting up a vertical jet device, the system allows water to collide and mix with the same flow rate and energy within the branch pipe after passing through the diversion pipe. At the outlet of the vertical jet pipe, the jet water tongue breaks through the water, and the mixture diffuses and aerated, resulting in multi-stage energy dissipation. This significantly improves the energy dissipation effect and effectively reduces the scouring capacity of the water flow on the downstream riverbed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a front view of the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the streamlined body-fitted boundary structure in the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water jet breaking device in the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the jet nozzle in the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram, 1. Intake tower, 2. Water supply pipe, 3. Energy dissipation pool, 4. Drainage pipe, 5. Branch pipe, 6. Vertical jet pipe, 7. Buffer layer, 8. Overflow weir, 9. Streamlined body boundary, 10. Frustum-shaped diffuser port, 11. Water tongue breaker, 12. Upstream reservoir, 13. Downstream river channel, 14. Valve, 15. Jet nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] This invention relates to a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes an inlet tower 1, with a valve 14 installed at the inlet end of the inlet tower 1. When the vertical jet device malfunctions, it can be repaired by closing the valve 14 of the inlet tower 1 without affecting the normal operation of the upstream reservoir 12. The outlet of the inlet tower 1 is connected to the inlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2 is connected to the vertical jet device. The vertical jet device is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0024] Among them, the water supply pipe 2 can guide the water flow to the vertical jet device, so that the layout of the entire vertical jet energy dissipation system used for high dam flood discharge is not limited by terrain or geological conditions. This solves the problem that energy dissipation facilities are limited by factors such as narrow river valleys and complex geological conditions, which prevent the energy dissipation facilities from being arranged in the reservoir hub area. At the same time, through the vertical jet device, the water flow collides, mixes, breaks through the water tongue, and diffuses with air within the vertical jet device with the same flow rate and energy. After multi-stage energy dissipation, the scouring capacity of the water flow on the downstream riverbed is effectively reduced.

[0025] Vertical jet devices, such as Figure 2As shown, the vertical jet device includes several diversion pipes 4. One end of each diversion pipe 4 is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and the other end of each diversion pipe 4 is a closed end. Several branch pipes 5 connect every two adjacent diversion pipes 4, and the branch pipes 5 are arranged side by side. A vertical jet pipe 6 is connected vertically in the middle of each branch pipe 5. The diversion pipes 4 and branch pipes 5 are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation tank 3. The water flows sequentially through the diversion pipes 4 and branch pipes 6. At the intersection of branch pipe 5 and vertical jet pipe 6, the flow rate and energy of the water flow collide and mix, effectively canceling out the horizontal force of the water flow and ensuring the safety of the subsequent vertical jet pipe 6 and other structures. Meanwhile, the diversion pipe 4 and branch pipe 5 are both buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3, allowing the vertical jet pipe 6 to be led from the underground bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3 to the ground, so that the jet exerts an upward impact force on the water tongue breaking rod 11, which is ultimately offset by the foundation at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0026] The energy dissipation pool 3 includes a pool body, a buffer layer 7 is provided at the bottom of the pool body, the buffer layer 7 is composed of any one or a combination of water and gravel, and an overflow weir 8 is also provided on the side wall of the pool body.

[0027] Vertical jet tube 6, such as Figure 3 As shown, flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes 5 on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6. The flow meters and pressure regulating devices can control the pressure and velocity of the water flow in the branch pipes 5, so that the water flow on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6 can collide with the flow rate and energy, and better ensure that the horizontal force of the water flow in the branch pipes 5 on both sides is canceled out.

[0028] A flow guide component is also installed at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6 to prevent the formation of a negative pressure zone in the water flow. The flow guide component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe 5 and is located directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The flow guide component is a streamlined body-fitting boundary 9, which is generally herringbone shaped. The function of the streamlined body-fitting boundary 9 is to prevent the formation of a negative pressure zone at the right angle at the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. At the same time, the streamlined body-fitting boundary 9 causes the horizontal forces generated when the water flows from the branch pipes 5 to the vertical jet pipe 6 to be mutually canceled out. The resulting vertical force is opposite to the impact force of the jet at the outlet of the vertical jet pipe 6 on the water tongue breaker 11, thereby reducing the tensile stress of the water flow on the vertical jet device and the foundation.

[0029] The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6 is a frustoconical diffusion port 10 with a diffusion angle of 3° to 12°. The diameter of the jet water tongue can be increased by the frustoconical diffusion port 10, which expands the friction contact surface between the jet and the air, thereby improving the energy dissipation effect. The vertical jet pipe 6 is also equipped with a water tongue breaking device, which can break and diffuse the jet water tongue flowing through the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6, thereby achieving the purpose of energy dissipation again.

[0030] The first water jet breaking device is located at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The second water jet breaking device includes water jet breaking rods 11. There are several water jet breaking rods 11. The number of water jet breaking rods 11 can be selected according to the jet energy at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. At the same time, the shape of the water jet breaking rods is not limited to any form and can be selected according to actual needs. The water jet breaking rods 11 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6. One end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet pipe 6. The water jet breaking rods 11 can break the jet water jet and diffuse it with gas.

[0031] Among them, the other end of the water jet breaker 11 being perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet tube 6 can be divided into the following two cases:

[0032] The water jet breaker 11 extends to the axis of the vertical jet tube 6 and connects to a single point, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this approach is applicable when the jet energy flowing through port 6 of the vertical jet tube is low, and it can better break up and diffuse the jet, thereby effectively reducing the jet energy.

[0033] The water jet breaker 11 forms a hollow region around the axis of the vertical jet tube 6, such as... Figure 5 As shown, this situation can be applied when the jet energy flowing through the port of the vertical jet pipe 6 is high, which can reduce the pressure exerted by the water flow on the vertical jet pipe 6 and the water jet breaker 11, thereby effectively increasing the service life of the vertical jet pipe 6 and the water jet breaker 11.

[0034] The second water jet breaking device is located above the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The second water jet breaking device includes a flange and a jet nozzle 15. One end of the flange is connected to the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6, and the other end of the flange is connected to the jet nozzle 15. Water jet breaking rods 11 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the jet nozzle 15. One end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the jet nozzle 15, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the jet nozzle 15.

[0035] Among them, the other end of the water jet breaker 11 being perpendicular to the axis of the jet nozzle 15 can be divided into the following two cases:

[0036] The water jet breaking rod 11 extends to the axis of the jet nozzle 15 and connects to a single point, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this approach is applicable when the jet energy flowing through the nozzle 15 port is low, and it can better break up and diffuse the jet, thereby effectively reducing the jet energy.

[0037] The water jet breaking rod 11 forms a hollow region around the axis of the jet nozzle 15, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, this situation can be applied when the jet energy flowing through the nozzle 15 port is high, which can reduce the pressure exerted by the water flow on the nozzle 15 and the water jet breaker 11, thereby effectively extending the service life of the nozzle 15 and the water jet breaker 11.

[0038] The working principle of the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge of this invention is as follows:

[0039] The water flow from the upstream reservoir 12 is directed to the vertical jet device by the water intake tower 1 and the water supply pipe 2. The water flow is split into various diversion pipes 4 through the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and then into branch pipes 5 through the diversion pipes 4. Finally, it flows into the vertical jet pipe 6. The pressure and velocity of the water flow in the branch pipes 5 can be controlled by the flow meter and the pressure regulating device, so that the water flow on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6 can collide with the same flow rate and energy. At the same time, the flow guiding component makes the horizontal force generated when the water flow in the branch pipes 5 flows to the vertical jet pipe 6 cancel each other out. The vertical force generated is opposite to the impact force of the jet at the outlet of the vertical jet pipe 6 on the water tongue breaker 11, thereby reducing the impact force of the water flow on the vertical jet device and effectively extending the service life of the vertical jet device.

[0040] Then, the water flows into the vertical jet pipe 6 to form a jet. When the jet flows through the water tongue breaker 11, it will exert an upward impact force on the water tongue breaker 11. The impact force will offset part of the vertical force generated in the branch pipe 5, further weakening the impact force of the jet. Since the water tongue breaker 11 is fixed in the vertical jet pipe 6 and is an integrated design, and the vertical jet pipe 6 is led from the underground of the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3 to the ground, the remaining part of the upward impact force exerted on the water tongue breaker 11 is offset by the foundation of the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3. At the same time, after the jet flows are broken by the water tongue breaker 11, it increases the contact friction surface with the air, thereby realizing air-incorporated energy dissipation.

[0041] Finally, the water curtain formed by the jet broken by the water tongue breaking rod 11 falls into the energy dissipation pool 3 at a lower energy state. The buffer layer 7 in the energy dissipation pool 3 can buffer the falling jet, thereby protecting the bottom structure of the energy dissipation pool 3. In the presence of multiple vertical jet pipes 6, the water curtain formed by each vertical jet pipe 6 can also play a role in energy dissipation when the water curtain collides with each other in the air. Finally, the water flows smoothly into the downstream river channel 13 through the overflow weir 8 in the energy dissipation pool 3, reducing the destructive force on downstream structures.

[0042] The present invention relates to a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge, and specific embodiments are as follows:

[0043] Example 1

[0044] When the main channel of the downstream river is biased to one side and the beach on one bank is relatively wide, a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge is arranged on the wider bank downstream. This system includes an intake tower 1, with a valve 14 installed at the inlet end of the intake tower 1. The outlet end of the intake tower 1 is connected to the inlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2 is connected to a vertical jet device. The vertical jet device is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0045] The vertical jet device includes two diversion pipes 4. One end of each diversion pipe 4 is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2. The other end of each diversion pipe 4 is a closed end. Two branch pipes 5 are connected between every two adjacent diversion pipes 4. The two branch pipes 5 are arranged side by side. A vertical jet pipe 6 is connected in the middle of each branch pipe 5 along the vertical direction. Both the diversion pipes 4 and the branch pipes 5 are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation tank 3.

[0046] The energy dissipation pool 3 includes a pool body, a buffer layer 7 is provided at the bottom of the pool body, the buffer layer 7 is composed of any one or a combination of water and gravel, and an overflow weir 8 is also provided on the side wall of the pool body.

[0047] Flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes 5 on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6. A flow guiding component is also provided at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6 to prevent the water flow from forming a negative pressure zone. The flow guiding component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe 5 and is located at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6 and directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0048] The flow guiding component is a streamlined body boundary 9, and the streamlined body boundary 9 is generally in the shape of a herringbone.

[0049] The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6 is a frustoconical diffusion port 10, and the diffusion angle of the frustoconical diffusion port 10 is 10°. A water tongue breaking device is provided on the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0050] The first water jet breaking device is located at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The first water jet breaking device at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6 includes four water jet breaking rods 11. The water jet breaking rods 11 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6. One end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0051] Water supply pipe 2, located on one side of the river channel, directs water from one side of upstream reservoir 12 to downstream vertical jet pipe 6 for vertical jet energy dissipation. Subsequently, the water curtain falls into energy dissipation pool 3 at a lower energy state for further energy dissipation. After further energy dissipation in the water cushion energy dissipation pool 3, the low-energy water flows into the river channel from overflow weir 8.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] When the main channel of the downstream river is in the middle and the mudflats on both banks are relatively wide, a vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge is arranged on the wider banks on both sides of the downstream. It includes two water intake towers 1, located on both sides of the upstream reservoir 12. Each water intake tower 1 is equipped with a valve 14 at its inlet end, and a water supply pipe 2 is connected to the outlet end of each water intake tower 1. The outlet end of the water supply pipe 2 is connected to a vertical jet device, which is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0054] The vertical jet device includes two diversion pipes 4. One end of each diversion pipe 4 is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and the other end of each diversion pipe 4 is a closed end. Two branch pipes 5 are connected between every two adjacent diversion pipes 4. The two branch pipes 5 are arranged side by side. A vertical jet pipe 6 is connected in the middle of each branch pipe 5 along the vertical direction. Both the diversion pipes 4 and the branch pipes 5 are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation tank 3.

[0055] The energy dissipation pool 3 includes a pool body, a buffer layer 7 is provided at the bottom of the pool body, the buffer layer 7 is composed of any one or a combination of water and gravel, and an overflow weir 8 is also provided on the side wall of the pool body.

[0056] Flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes 5 on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6. A flow guiding component is also provided at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6 to prevent the water flow from forming a negative pressure zone. The flow guiding component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe 5 and is located at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6, and is located directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0057] The flow guiding component is a streamlined body boundary 9, and the streamlined body boundary 9 is generally in the shape of a herringbone.

[0058] The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6 is a frustoconical diffusion port 10 with a diffusion angle of 5°. The vertical jet pipe 6 is equipped with a water tongue breaking device.

[0059] The first water jet breaking device is located at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The first water jet breaking device includes four water jet breaking rods 11. The water jet breaking rods 11 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6. One end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe 6, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0060] Water supply pipes 2 located on both sides of the river channel draw water from the upstream reservoir 12 to the corresponding vertical jet pipes 6 on the downstream side, where it undergoes vertical jet energy dissipation. Subsequently, the water curtain falls into the energy dissipation pool 3 at a lower energy state, where it dissipates energy again. After further energy dissipation in the water cushion energy dissipation pool 3, the low-energy water flows into the river channel from the overflow weir 8.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge includes an intake tower 1, which has one intake tower. Each intake tower 1 is equipped with a valve 14 at its inlet end and a water supply pipe 2 is connected to its outlet end. The outlet end of the water supply pipe 2 is connected to a vertical jet device, which is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0063] The vertical jet device includes six diversion pipes 4. One end of each diversion pipe 4 is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe 2, and the other end of each diversion pipe 4 is a closed end. Five branch pipes 5 are connected between every two adjacent diversion pipes 4. The five branch pipes 5 are arranged in parallel. A vertical jet pipe 6 is connected in the middle of each branch pipe 5 along the vertical direction. The diversion pipes 4 and branch pipes 5 are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool 3.

[0064] The energy dissipation pool 3 includes a pool body, a buffer layer 7 is provided at the bottom of the pool body, the buffer layer 7 is composed of any one or a combination of water and gravel, and an overflow weir 8 is also provided on the side wall of the pool body.

[0065] Flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes 5 on both sides of the vertical jet pipe 6. A flow guiding component is also provided at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6 to prevent the water flow from forming a negative pressure zone. The flow guiding component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe 5 and is located at the connection between the branch pipe 5 and the vertical jet pipe 6, and is located directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6.

[0066] The flow guiding component is a streamlined body boundary 9, and the streamlined body boundary 9 is generally in the shape of a herringbone.

[0067] The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6 is a frustoconical diffusion port 10, and the diffusion angle of the frustoconical diffusion port 10 is 12°; the vertical jet pipe 6 is also equipped with a water tongue breaking device.

[0068] The second water jet breaking device is located above the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6. The second water jet breaking device includes a flange and a jet nozzle 15. One end of the flange is connected to the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe 6, and the other end of the flange is connected to the jet nozzle 15. The water jet breaking rods 11 are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the jet nozzle 15. One end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the jet nozzle 15, and the other end of the water jet breaking rod 11 is perpendicular to the axis of the jet nozzle 15.

[0069] As can be seen from Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, the vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge of the present invention can guide water flow to the vertical jet device downstream of the reservoir hub area through the water supply pipe 2 for vertical jet energy dissipation. Subsequently, the water curtain falls into the energy dissipation pool 3 at a lower energy state for further energy dissipation. After further energy dissipation in the water cushion energy dissipation pool 3, the low-energy water flows into the river channel from the overflow weir 8. This solves the problem that energy dissipation facilities cannot be arranged in the reservoir hub area due to terrain or geological conditions.

Claims

1. A vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge, characterized in that, It includes a water inlet tower (1), there are several water inlet towers (1), each water inlet tower (1) is equipped with a valve (14) at the inlet end, and each water inlet tower (1) is connected to a water supply pipe (2) at the outlet end. The outlet end of the water supply pipe (2) is connected to a vertical jet device, and the vertical jet device is fixed at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool (3). The vertical jet device includes a diversion pipe (4), there are several diversion pipes (4), one end of each diversion pipe (4) is connected to the outlet end of the water supply pipe (2), the other end of each diversion pipe (4) is a closed end, several branch pipes (5) are connected between every two adjacent diversion pipes (4), several branch pipes (5) are arranged side by side, and a vertical jet pipe (6) is connected in the middle of each branch pipe (5) along the vertical direction. The diversion pipe (4) and the branch pipes (5) are buried at the bottom of the energy dissipation pool (3); The energy dissipation pool (3) includes a pool body, and a buffer layer (7) is provided at the bottom of the pool body. The buffer layer (7) is composed of any one or two of water and gravel. An overflow weir (8) is also provided on the side wall of the pool body. Flow meters and pressure regulating devices are installed on the branch pipes (5) on both sides of the vertical jet pipe (6). A flow guiding component is also provided at the connection between the branch pipe (5) and the vertical jet pipe (6) to prevent the water flow from forming a negative pressure zone. The flow guiding component is fixed on the inner wall of the branch pipe (5). The flow guiding component is located at the connection between the branch pipe (5) and the vertical jet pipe (6) and is located directly below the inlet end of the vertical jet pipe (6). The flow guiding component is a streamlined body boundary (9), and the streamlined body boundary (9) is generally in the shape of a herringbone. The outlet end of the vertical jet pipe (6) is a frustum-shaped diffusion port (10), and the diffusion angle of the frustum-shaped diffusion port (10) is 3°-12°; the vertical jet pipe (6) is also provided with a water tongue breaking device, which is composed of either a first water tongue breaking device or a second water tongue breaking device.

2. The vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first water jet breaking device is located at the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe (6). The first water jet breaking device includes a water jet breaking rod (11). There are several water jet breaking rods (11). The water jet breaking rods (11) are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe (6). One end of the water jet breaking rod (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical jet pipe (6), and the other end of the water jet breaking rod (11) is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical jet pipe (6).

3. The vertical jet energy dissipation system for high dam flood discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second water jet breaking device is located above the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe (6). The second water jet breaking device includes a flange and a jet nozzle (15). One end of the flange is connected to the outlet end of the vertical jet pipe (6), and the other end of the flange is connected to the jet nozzle (15). Water jet breaking rods (11) are evenly distributed around the inner wall of the jet nozzle (15). One end of the water jet breaking rod (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the jet nozzle (15), and the other end of the water jet breaking rod (11) is perpendicular to the axis of the jet nozzle (15).

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