Water, carbon dioxide jet and ultrasonic wave combined mineral collection and carbon sequestration system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a water, carbon dioxide jet flow and ultrasonic wave combined ore collecting and carbon storage system and method, and relates to the technical field of deep-sea crusty ore mining. The water, carbon dioxide jet flow and ultrasonic wave combined ore collecting and carbon storage system comprises a mining vehicle and a control system, a jet flow system, an ultrasonic wave emitting system and an ore collecting and separating system installed on the mining vehicle. The jet flow system comprises a water jet flow device and a carbon dioxide jet flow device. The water jet flow device and the carbon dioxide jet flow device are connected with a jet flow pipe and a spraying device. A semi-closed flow guide cover is arranged on the front side of the mining vehicle. The spraying device is located below the semi-closed flow guide cover. The ore collecting and separating system is used for conveying the crusty ore to the sea surface. The application switches between the water jet flow and the carbon dioxide jet flow to make the crusty ore produce cracks. Meanwhile, the crusty ore is stripped from the bedrock by using the stripping ultrasonic wave emitter. The application is beneficial to saving the use of carbon dioxide and improving the mining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea crust-type ore mining technology, and in particular to a system and method for ore collection and carbon sequestration using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound. Background Technology

[0002] The deep sea is rich in mineral resources, such as polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, and polymetallic sulfides. Among these, crust-type ores enriched with metals such as cobalt, copper, and nickel can provide a large amount of raw materials for the future development of new energy industries, making them of great strategic significance. Currently, there is considerable research and development in the mining technology of polymetallic nodules, which is progressing rapidly. However, crust-type ores have thick, metallic crust-like sediments that are more tightly bound to the surrounding soil, making them more difficult to mine.

[0003] Currently, the mining technology for deep-sea manganese nodules is relatively reliable, mainly involving three ore-gathering technologies: mechanical, hydraulic, and hydromechanical. However, these three technologies cannot yet be directly applied to the mining of crust-type ores to solve the problem of crust stripping and breaking. Water jetting is widely used in deep-sea mining, but its collection efficiency is low, and the resulting plume flow causes significant environmental pollution. Based on this, some scholars have proposed supercritical carbon dioxide jetting, which has advantages such as higher jet velocity and better jetting effect. However, supercritical carbon dioxide has high requirements for temperature and pressure, and its direct application in the deep sea presents many technical challenges. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a jetting mining technology with stronger stripping effect, better applicability, and no damage to bedrock, suitable for crust-type ores.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN214062951U discloses a seabed crust ore body crushing equipment, including a cutting device, a hydraulic impact device, a walking device, and a seabed repeater. The walking device travels on the seabed, and the seabed repeater is responsible for power supply and communication. The cutting and hydraulic impact devices combine ore cutting into sections and impact crushing to achieve the crushing of hard ore bodies. However, the following problems still exist: 1) Many metal parts are prone to corrosion and rust in the deep sea, and it is impossible to avoid the problem of mechanical parts being jammed by large objects (such as ore), causing malfunctions and affecting use; 2) This patent document uses mechanical impact and hydraulic rock breaking methods, which have good applicability on land, but the seabed environment is complex and will cause significant disturbance to the seabed bedrock, generating a large number of fine particles that form plumes, polluting the ecological environment.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN115822604A discloses a cobalt-rich crust mining system and method using carbon dioxide jet to create a temperature difference effect. The system includes a gas supply system, a transportation system, and a cobalt-rich crust collection system. High-temperature supercritical carbon dioxide is ejected through a first jet head to heat and expand the ore. Low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide carrying high-hardness sand is sprayed through a second jet head. The thermal stress caused by the temperature change helps to peel and crush the ore. However, two problems remain: 1) The collected particles after crushing are of varying sizes and unevenly dispersed. Direct pumping can easily lead to particle accumulation and blockage; 2) Long-distance, continuous transport of supercritical carbon dioxide from the sea to the deep sea can cause carbon dioxide internal force dissipation, which is greatly affected by energy transfer mechanisms, temperature, and pressure changes, and the preparation and transportation costs are high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems mentioned above, such as damage to bedrock and environmental pollution during the mining of crust-type ores, and the difficulty in transportation due to the uneven particle size after crushing, which easily leads to accumulation and blockage, this invention provides a water, carbon dioxide jet and ultrasonic wave ore collection and carbon sequestration system and method.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A water, carbon dioxide jet, and ultrasonic ore collection and carbon sequestration system includes a mining vehicle, a control system, a jet system, an ultrasonic emission system, and an ore collection and distribution system. The control system, jet system, ultrasonic emission system, and ore collection and distribution system are mounted on the mining vehicle. The control system is connected to each of the jet system, ultrasonic emission system, and ore collection and distribution system. The jet system includes a water jet device and a carbon dioxide jet device, which are connected to the spraying device via jet pipes. The spraying device is located on one side of the mining vehicle. The ultrasonic emission system includes a detection ultrasonic transmitter, a stripping ultrasonic transmitter, and a screening ultrasonic transmitter. The stripping ultrasonic transmitter is adjacent to the spraying device. The ore collection and distribution system includes an ore shovel, a conveyor belt, a distribution platform, and a conveying device. The ore shovel is located below the spraying device and connected to one end of the conveyor belt. The other end of the conveyor belt is connected to the distribution platform. The conveying device is connected to the distribution platform via several conveying pipes.

[0009] Furthermore, a semi-enclosed flow guide is connected to the front of the mining vehicle. The bottom of the semi-enclosed flow guide is suspended in the air. The spraying device, ore shovel, and conveyor belt are located at the bottom inside the semi-enclosed flow guide. A camera device is also fixed at the bottom of the semi-enclosed flow guide.

[0010] Furthermore, the water jet device includes a seawater circulation tank, the carbon dioxide jet device includes a carbon dioxide storage tank and a heating tank, the jet pipe is Y-shaped and includes a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, the first inlet is connected to the seawater circulation tank through a first connecting pipe, the second inlet is connected to the heating tank and the carbon dioxide storage tank through a second connecting pipe, and the outlet is connected to the jetting device through a high-pressure pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the first connecting pipe is L-shaped and inverted inside the seawater circulation tank. A first solenoid valve is configured between the first connecting pipe and the first inlet. A water supply pipe is connected to one side of the seawater circulation tank, and a U-shaped energy dissipation pipe is connected to the bottom. The seawater circulation tank is connected to the outside seawater through the water supply pipe and the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe. The water supply pipe is located above the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the second connecting pipe is connected to the top of the heating box, the heating box has a heating coil inside, and the bottom sides of the heating box are each connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank through a third connecting pipe. A second solenoid valve is installed inside the second connecting pipe, and several temperature sensors are also installed between the second solenoid valve and the heating box. A third solenoid valve is installed inside each of the third connecting pipes.

[0013] Furthermore, the spraying device includes a first spray pipe, a second spray pipe, an automatic rotary joint, and several high-pressure nozzles. The first spray pipe is Y-shaped, with one end fixedly connected to the output port, and the other two ends connected to the second spray pipe through the automatic rotary joint. Each of the high-pressure nozzles is disposed on the second spray pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the detection ultrasonic transmitter and the stripping ultrasonic transmitter are adjacent to the semi-enclosed flow guide, and a phased array is provided inside the detection ultrasonic transmitter.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveyor belt is inclined and has several water-permeable filter holes. It is connected to the ore distribution platform through an inclined collection plate. The ore distribution platform is stepped and has several steps. The bottom of each step has a screen. The screen holes of each screen gradually decrease from top to bottom. The ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic sensor are fixed on one side of each step, and the conveying pipe is provided on the other side.

[0016] Furthermore, the conveying device also includes a collection pipe connected to the conveying pipe and equipped with a vacuum pump, and each of the conveying pipes is equipped with a fourth solenoid valve.

[0017] A method for mineral collection and carbon sequestration using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound, applied to the water, carbon dioxide jet, and ultrasound-based mineral collection and carbon sequestration system described above, includes the following steps.

[0018] S1: The control system emits ultrasonic waves around the mining vehicle through the ultrasonic transmitter to detect the location and abundance of crust-type ore and control the movement of the mining vehicle.

[0019] S2: After the mining vehicle moves to a suitable position, the control system starts the high-pressure pump, the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve and the heating coil. The jet pipe draws water from the seawater circulation tank and sprays it onto the crust-type ore through the jetting device. At the same time, the control system turns on the stripping ultrasonic transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves into the crust-type ore area.

[0020] S3: The control system detects the bottom of the cracks in the crust-type ore through the camera device and detects that the temperature of carbon dioxide reaches above 40°C through the temperature sensor. Then, the second solenoid valve is opened and the first solenoid valve is closed. The liquid carbon dioxide is transformed into supercritical carbon dioxide under high temperature and pressure and injected into the cracks through the injection device. Subsequently, the supercritical carbon dioxide is cooled and transformed back into liquid carbon dioxide, which causes the crust-type ore to separate from the bedrock and wrap around the seabed to continuously capture suspended plume particles, thereby realizing seabed carbon sequestration.

[0021] S4: During the movement of the mining vehicle, the ore shovel scoops up the stripped crust-type ore and transports it to the top of the ore distribution platform via the conveyor belt. The control system activates the screening ultrasonic transmitter, which works in conjunction with the screen to separate the stripped crust-type ore into different layers of the stepped structure according to particle size.

[0022] S5: The control system uses the ultrasonic sensor to detect whether the crust-type ore particles in each step have reached a predetermined height. When the predetermined height is reached, the control system activates the vacuum pump and the fourth solenoid valve, and the collection pipe transports the crust-type ore in the step through the conveying pipe.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention generates initial cracks through water jet and then switches to carbon dioxide jet. Utilizing the strong diffusivity of supercritical carbon dioxide and its characteristic of being converted into liquid carbon dioxide in the seabed environment, it can cause crust-type ore to expand and bulge. At the same time, in conjunction with the stripping ultrasonic transmitter, the oscillation effect generated by the ultrasonic wave is used to break the ore body structure. Compared with using water jet or carbon dioxide jet alone, the stripping effect is better, the damage to the bedrock is less, and there are fewer plumes caused by disturbance from water jet or carbon dioxide jet. (2) The present invention reduces the consumption of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide jet by using water jet and can use seawater circulation to replenish the water source of the water jet in a timely manner. There is no need to continuously transport supercritical carbon dioxide from the sea surface to the deep sea, avoiding the problem of needing long pipelines to transport carbon dioxide. This not only controls transportation and usage costs, but also extends the working time of the mining vehicle and improves the stability of the mining process. (3) The jet system, in conjunction with the stripping ultrasonic transmitter, can increase the crushing efficiency of crusted ore. The ore collection and sorting system, in conjunction with the screening ultrasonic transmitter, can remove impurities attached to the crusted ore and distinguish the crusted ore according to particle size, avoiding accumulation and blockage, and improving the stability of transportation. (4) In this invention, the semi-enclosed guide hood with the bottom suspended can avoid excessive loss of ultrasonic waves and can also effectively control the plume particles generated during water jet and carbon dioxide jet mining. The liquid carbon dioxide transformed in the seabed environment will be wrapped on the seabed, which can not only continuously capture suspended plume particles and reduce pollution to the seabed environment, but also maintain long-term stability on the seabed to achieve carbon sequestration. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structural principle of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A perspective view showing the internal structure of the mining vehicle.

[0026] Figure 3 As shown Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the jet system.

[0027] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the ore collection and distribution system.

[0028] Figure 5 As shown Figure 4 The perspective view shows the internal structure of the staircase.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Mining vehicle; 2. Jet system; 201. Seawater circulation tank; 202. Water supply pipe; 203. U-shaped energy dissipation pipe; 204. Carbon dioxide storage tank; 205. Heating box; 206. Heating coil; 207. First connecting pipe; 208. Jet pipe; 209. High-pressure pump; 3. Control system; 4. Ultrasonic emission system; 401. Detection ultrasonic transmitter; 402. Stripping ultrasonic transmitter; 403. Screening ultrasonic transmitter 5. First solenoid valve; 6. Second solenoid valve; 7. Third solenoid valve; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Semi-enclosed flow guide shroud; 10. First injection pipe; 11. Second injection pipe; 12. Automatic rotary joint; 13. High-pressure nozzle; 14. Ore shovel; 15. Ore conveyor belt; 16. Inclined collection plate; 17. Step; 18. Screen hole; 19. Ultrasonic sensor; 20. Collection pipe; 21. Vacuum pump; 22. Conveying pipe; 23. Fourth solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This invention discloses a mineral collection and carbon sequestration system and method using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound. An embodiment of this invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the ore collection and carbon sequestration system using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound includes a mining vehicle 1, a control system 3, a jet system 2, an ultrasonic transmitting system 4, and an ore collection and distribution system. The control system 3, jet system 2, ultrasonic transmitting system 4, and ore collection and distribution system are mounted on the mining vehicle 1. The control system 3 is connected to the jet system, the ultrasonic transmitter system, and the ore collection and distribution system for control.

[0032] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the jet system 2 includes a water jet device, a carbon dioxide jet device, and a spray device. The water jet device and the carbon dioxide jet device are connected to the spray device via a jet pipe 208. The water jet device includes a seawater circulation tank 201, and the carbon dioxide jet device includes a heating tank 205 and a carbon dioxide storage tank 204. The jet pipe 208 is Y-shaped and includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet. The first inlet is connected to the seawater circulation tank 201 via a first connecting pipe 207, and a first solenoid valve 5 is adapted to be installed inside the first connecting pipe 207. The first connecting pipe 207 is L-shaped, extends from the right side of the seawater circulation tank 201, and is inverted inside the seawater circulation tank 201. The port of the first connecting pipe 207 is adjacent to the bottom of the seawater circulation tank 201. A water supply pipe 202 is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the seawater circulation tank 201, and a U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203 is fixedly connected to the bottom left side. The seawater circulation tank 201 is connected to the outside seawater through the water supply pipe 202 and the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203. Both the ends of the water supply pipe 202 and the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203 are located in the external seawater, with the water supply pipe 202 positioned above the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203, creating a certain height difference between them. The U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203 serves as a buffer and energy dissipation mechanism, preventing damage to the seawater circulation tank 201 due to excessive pressure when seawater enters it.

[0033] The second input port is connected to the heating box 205 and the carbon dioxide storage tank 204 via a second connecting pipe. The second input port is fixedly connected to the top of the heating box 205 via the second connecting pipe. The heating box 205 contains a heating coil 206. Third connecting pipes are fixed to the left and right sides of the bottom of the heating box 205 and connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank 204 via these third connecting pipes. A second solenoid valve 6 is fitted inside the second connecting pipe, and a third solenoid valve 7 is fitted inside each of the third connecting pipes. Several temperature sensors 8 are also installed between the second solenoid valve 6 and the heating box 205. The number of temperature sensors 8 is determined according to the diameter of the second connecting pipe, and each temperature sensor 8 is fixed to the inner wall of the second connecting pipe. In this embodiment, 2 to 4 temperature sensors 8 are evenly arranged inside the second connecting pipe to prevent the carbon dioxide temperature from failing to meet requirements due to uneven monitoring.

[0034] The output port is connected to the spraying device via a high-pressure pump 209. The spraying device includes a first spray pipe 10, a second spray pipe 11, an automatic rotary joint 12, and several high-pressure nozzles 13. The high-pressure nozzles 13 have properties such as high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, and corrosion resistance. The first spray pipe 10 is Y-shaped and has three ports. One end is fixedly connected to the output port, and the other two ends are fixedly connected to the second spray pipe 11 via the automatic rotary joint 12. The two second spray pipes 11 are arranged facing each other, and several high-pressure nozzles 13 are fixedly connected to each second spray pipe 11.

[0035] The ultrasonic emission system 4 includes a detection ultrasonic transmitter 401, a stripping ultrasonic transmitter 402, and a screening ultrasonic transmitter 403. The detection ultrasonic transmitter 401 is equipped with a phased array for detecting the distribution and abundance of crust-type ore on the seabed surface. The stripping ultrasonic transmitter 402 generates vibrations by emitting ultrasonic waves to break the adhesion between ore particles and the surrounding environment. Furthermore, the stripping ultrasonic transmitter 402 combines with water jets and carbon dioxide jets, acting simultaneously on the inside and outside of the crust-type ore. This effectively improves the stripping and crushing effect of the crust-type ore while minimizing damage to the bedrock, thus improving mining efficiency.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the ore collection and distribution system includes an ore shovel 14, a conveyor belt 15, a distribution platform, and a conveying device. The ore shovel 14 is located below the second jet pipe 11. The conveyor belt 15 is inclined, with a top and a bottom, and the height of the top is greater than the height of the bottom in the vertical direction. The bottom of the conveyor belt 15 is connected to the rear of the ore shovel 14, and the top is connected to the distribution platform through an inclined collection plate 16. The conveyor belt 15 is provided with several permeable filter holes to filter out some of the water in the ore-water mixture collected by the ore shovel.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the ore sorting platform is stepped, with several steps 17. The conveying capacity of each step 17 is at least four layers, and in this embodiment, there are four steps 17. The length of each step 17 increases from top to bottom, and a screen is provided at the bottom of each step 17. The screen has several sieve holes 18, through which crust-type ore particles of different sizes, sediments, and seawater are filtered out. The diameter of the sieve holes 18 on each layer of the screen gradually decreases from top to bottom. Large-diameter crust-type ore particles are located on the upper step 17, and small-diameter crust-type ore particles are located on the lower step 17. The diameter of the sieve holes 18 at the bottom of the lowest step 17 is 0.05-0.15 mm, used to filter out water and silt. A screening ultrasonic transmitter 403 and an ultrasonic sensor 19 are fixedly connected at the right corner of each step 17. There are no sieve holes 18 above the screening ultrasonic transmitter 403 and the ultrasonic sensor 19. The ultrasonic transmitter 403 is used to separate crusted ore particles of different sizes into different layers of the stepped ladder 17 through the screen, reducing the risk of pipeline blockage. The ultrasonic sensor 19 is used to detect the height of the crusted ore accumulation in the stepped ladder 17.

[0038] The conveying device is fixedly connected to each level of the ore distribution platform 17 via several conveying pipes 22, with each conveying pipe 22 fixedly connected to the left side of each level of the ore distribution platform 17. The lower end of each conveying pipe 22 extends into the level of the ore distribution platform 17, and the upper end is connected to the collection pipe 20. Each conveying pipe 22 is equipped with a fourth solenoid valve 23, and the collection pipe 20 is equipped with a vacuum pump 21. When the control system 3 detects that the crust-type ore particles have accumulated to a certain height in the level of the ore distribution platform 17 through the ultrasonic sensor 19, it can control the opening and closing of the fourth solenoid valve 23 to individually pump out the crust-type ore particles in each level of the ore distribution platform 17, thus avoiding the problem of damage to the vacuum pump 21 due to the accumulation and blockage of crust-type ore particles.

[0039] The front of the mining vehicle 1 is connected to a semi-enclosed flow guide shroud 9 via several telescopic cylinders. The semi-enclosed flow guide shroud 9 is arc-shaped, with its bottom suspended and not in contact with the seabed surface. The automatic rotary joint 12, the second jet pipe 11, the high-pressure nozzle 13, the ore shovel 14, and the ore conveyor belt 15 are located at the bottom inside the semi-enclosed flow guide shroud 9. A camera device is also fixed at the bottom inside the semi-enclosed flow guide shroud 9, and the camera device is connected to the control system 3. The semi-enclosed flow guide shroud 9 can guide the flow of the stripped crust-type ore, reduce the plume caused by water jet or carbon dioxide jet mining, and the non-completely enclosed structure can also avoid the problem of excessive energy consumption of the stripping ultrasonic transmitter 402.

[0040] A method for mineral collection and carbon sequestration using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound, applied to the aforementioned water, carbon dioxide jet, and ultrasound-based mineral collection and carbon sequestration system, specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] In the first step, the control system 3 emits ultrasonic waves around the mining area through the ultrasonic transmitter 401 to detect the location and abundance of crust-type ore on the seabed surface, and controls the mining vehicle 1 to move to a suitable position.

[0042] In the second step, after the mining vehicle 1 moves to a suitable position, the control system 3 activates the high-pressure pump 209, the first solenoid valve 5, the third solenoid valve 7, and the heating coil 206. After the high-pressure pump 209 and the first solenoid valve 5 are activated, water is drawn from the seawater circulation tank 201 through the jet pipe 208, lowering the water level in the seawater circulation tank 201. At this time, the water supply pipe 202 and the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203, whose ends are located in the external seawater and have a height difference, will replenish seawater into the seawater circulation tank 201 from the lower U-shaped energy dissipation pipe 203 under the action of the seawater pressure difference to maintain water level balance and provide a water source for the water jet. The automatic rotation device can adjust the position of each high-pressure nozzle 13 according to the position of the crust-type ore, so that each high-pressure nozzle 13 sprays water jets onto the crust-type ore. After the third solenoid valve 7 and the heating coil 206 are activated, the liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank 204 enters the heating tank 205 through the third connecting pipe, and is heated by the heating coil 206. At the same time, the control system 3 activates the stripping ultrasonic transmitter 402 to emit ultrasonic waves toward the crust-type ore area.

[0043] Thirdly, the control system 3 uses a camera device to detect the depth of fractures in the crust-type ore, determining whether the fracture depth meets the requirements. It also uses a temperature sensor 8 to detect whether the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the heating chamber 205 meets the requirements. The crust-type ore has a multi-layered structure, which can be divided into a "lignite" layer, a "porous" layer, and an "anthracite-like" layer from top to bottom. The "porous" layer has the lowest strength among the three, while the "anthracite-like" layer has the highest strength. Furthermore, the depth of the "lignite" layer is 0.5–5 cm, the "porous" layer is 2–10 cm, and the "anthracite-like" layer is 1.5–9.5 cm. Therefore, the suitable pore depth formed by water jet is 2.5–15 cm. The "anthracite-like" layer has characteristics such as metallic luster, high density, and grayish-black or black color. When the control system 3 detects the characteristics of the "anthracite-like" layer from the depth of the pores generated by the water jet through the camera device, it is determined that the fracture depth of the crust-type ore has reached the requirement. The critical conditions for liquid carbon dioxide to transform into supercritical carbon dioxide are a temperature of 31℃ and a pressure of 7.37 MPa. Therefore, when the temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the heating box 205 reaches above 40℃, it indicates that the hydraulic carbon dioxide in the heating box 205 has transformed into supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0044] When the control system 3 detects that the bottom of the fissure in the crust-type ore conforms to the characteristics of an "anthracite-like" layer, and the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the heating box 205 reaches above 40°C, the second solenoid valve 6 is opened and the first solenoid valve 5 is closed, thereby shutting off the water jet and opening the carbon dioxide jet. The high-pressure nozzle 13 injects supercritical carbon dioxide into the fissure. The supercritical carbon dioxide is injected into the fissure formed by the water jet, flows, and further diffuses inward. In the low-temperature environment of the deep sea, it gradually turns into liquid carbon dioxide and expands rapidly, causing the crust-type ore to bulge and bulge. At the same time, the ultrasonic transmitter 402 generates ultrasonic waves that cause vibration and stress inside the crust-type ore, which facilitates the destruction of the ore structure and makes it easier to peel off from the bedrock.

[0045] The semi-enclosed flow deflector 9 can prevent the spread of plume particles caused by water jet and carbon dioxide jet mining. The cooled liquid carbon dioxide will be wrapped around the seabed and continuously capture suspended plume particles, reducing pollution to the seabed environment. At the same time, the liquid carbon dioxide can remain stable for a long time to achieve deep-sea carbon sequestration.

[0046] In the fourth step, after the crusted ore is stripped, as the mining vehicle 1 continues to move forward, the ore shovel 14 scoops up the stripped crusted ore and transports it via the conveyor belt 15. It is then collected at the top of the sorting platform via the inclined collection plate 16. The control system 3 activates the screening ultrasonic transmitter 403, which, in conjunction with the screen, separates crusted ore particles of different sizes, allowing them to pass through the screen holes 18 into different steps 17.

[0047] Fifth, the control system 3 uses ultrasonic sensors 19 to detect whether the accumulated crust-type ore particles in each step 17 have reached the predetermined height. If the crust-type ore particles in each layer of the machine body have reached the predetermined height, the control system 3 activates the vacuum pump 21 and the fourth solenoid valve 23 in the corresponding delivery pipe 22, and the collection pipe 20 transports the crust-type ore in the step 17 to the mining ship located on the sea surface through the escort pipe.

[0048] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral collection and carbon sequestration system using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound, characterized in that: The system includes a mining vehicle (1), a control system (3), a jet system (2), an ultrasonic emission system (4), and a mineral collection and distribution system. The control system (3), the jet system (2), the ultrasonic emission system (4), and the mineral collection and distribution system are installed on the mining vehicle (1). The control system (3) is connected to the jet system (2), the ultrasonic emission system (4), and the mineral collection and distribution system respectively. The jet system (2) includes a water jet device and a carbon dioxide jet device. The water jet device and the carbon dioxide jet device are connected to the spraying device through a jet pipe (208). The spraying device is located on one side of the mining vehicle (1). The ultrasonic emission system (4) includes a detection ultrasonic transmitter (401), a stripping ultrasonic transmitter (402), and a sieving ultrasonic transmitter (403), wherein the stripping ultrasonic transmitter (402) is adjacent to the jetting device. The ore collection and distribution system includes an ore shovel (14), a conveyor belt (15), a distribution platform, and a conveying device. The ore shovel (14) is located below the spraying device and is connected to one end of the conveyor belt (15). The other end of the conveyor belt (15) is connected to the distribution platform. The conveying device is connected to the distribution platform through several conveying pipes (22). The front side of the mining vehicle (1) is connected to a semi-enclosed guide hood (9), the bottom of the semi-enclosed guide hood (9) is suspended, the spraying device, the ore shovel (14) and the ore conveyor belt (15) are located at the bottom inside the semi-enclosed guide hood (9), and a camera device is also fixed at the bottom of the semi-enclosed guide hood. The water jet device includes a seawater circulation tank (201), the carbon dioxide jet device includes a carbon dioxide storage tank and a heating tank (205), the jet pipe (208) is Y-shaped and includes a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet. The first inlet is connected to the seawater circulation tank (201) through a first connecting pipe (207), the second inlet is connected to the heating tank (205) and the carbon dioxide storage tank (204) through a second connecting pipe, and the outlet is connected to the jet device through a high-pressure pump (209). The first connecting pipe (207) is L-shaped and inverted inside the seawater circulation tank (201). A first solenoid valve (5) is configured between the first connecting pipe (207) and the first inlet. A water supply pipe (202) is connected to one side of the seawater circulation tank (201), and a U-shaped energy dissipation pipe (203) is connected to the bottom. The seawater circulation tank (201) is connected to the outside seawater through the water supply pipe (202) and the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe (203). The water supply pipe (202) is located above the U-shaped energy dissipation pipe (203).

2. The mineral collection and carbon sequestration system based on water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe is connected to the top of the heating box (205). The heating box (205) has a heating coil (206). The bottom sides of the heating box (205) are connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank (204) through the third connecting pipe. The second connecting pipe is equipped with a second solenoid valve (6). Several temperature sensors (8) are also provided between the second solenoid valve (6) and the heating box (205). Each of the third connecting pipes is equipped with a third solenoid valve (7).

3. The mineral collection and carbon sequestration system based on water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spraying device includes a first spray pipe (10), a second spray pipe (11), an automatic rotary joint (12), and a number of high-pressure nozzles (13). The first spray pipe (10) is Y-shaped, with one end fixedly connected to the output port, and the other two ends connected to the second spray pipe (11) through the automatic rotary joint (12). Each of the high-pressure nozzles (13) is mounted on the second spray pipe (11).

4. The mineral collection and carbon sequestration system based on water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection ultrasonic transmitter (401) and the stripping ultrasonic transmitter (402) are adjacent to the semi-enclosed flow guide (9), and a phased array is provided inside the detection ultrasonic transmitter (401).

5. The mineral collection and carbon sequestration system based on water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveyor belt (15) is inclined and has several water-permeable filter holes. It is connected to the ore distribution platform through an inclined collection plate (16). The ore distribution platform is stepped and has several steps (17). Each step (17) has a screen at the bottom. The screen holes (18) of each screen gradually decrease from top to bottom. The ultrasonic transmitter (403) and ultrasonic sensor (19) are fixed on one side of each step (17), and the conveying pipe (22) is provided on the other side.

6. The mineral collection and carbon sequestration system based on water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying device also includes a collection pipe (20), which is connected to the conveying pipe (22) and is equipped with a vacuum pump (21). Each of the conveying pipes (22) is equipped with a fourth solenoid valve (23).

7. A method for mineral collection and carbon sequestration using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound, applied to the mineral collection and carbon sequestration system using water, carbon dioxide jets, and ultrasound as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: The control system (3) emits ultrasonic waves to the surroundings through the ultrasonic transmitter (401) to detect the location and abundance of crust-type ore and control the movement of the mining vehicle (1). S2: After the mining vehicle (1) moves to a suitable position, the control system (3) starts the high-pressure pump (209), the first solenoid valve (5), the third solenoid valve (7) and the heating coil (206), the jet pipe (208) draws water from the seawater circulation tank (201) and sprays it onto the crust-type ore through the jetting device. At the same time, the control system (3) turns on the stripping ultrasonic transmitter (402) to emit ultrasonic waves into the crust-type ore area. S3: The control system (3) detects the bottom of the crack in the crust-type ore through the camera device and detects that the temperature of carbon dioxide reaches 40°C or higher through the temperature sensor (8). Then, the second solenoid valve (6) is opened and the first solenoid valve (5) is closed. The liquid carbon dioxide is transformed into supercritical carbon dioxide under high temperature and pressure and injected into the crack through the injection device. Then, the supercritical carbon dioxide is cooled down and transformed back into liquid carbon dioxide, which causes the crust-type ore to separate from the bedrock and wrap the seabed to continuously capture suspended plume particles, thereby realizing seabed carbon sequestration. S4: During the movement of the mining vehicle (1), the ore shovel (14) scoops up the stripped crust-type ore and transports it to the top of the ore distribution platform via the conveyor belt (15). The control system (3) activates the screening ultrasonic transmitter (403). The screening ultrasonic transmitter (403) works in conjunction with the screen to separate the stripped crust-type ore into different layers of the steps (17) according to the particle size. S5: The control system (3) uses the ultrasonic sensor (19) to detect whether the crust-type ore particles in each layer of the steps (17) have reached a predetermined height. When the predetermined height is reached, the control system (3) turns on the vacuum pump (21) and the fourth solenoid valve (23), and the collection pipe (20) transports the crust-type ore in the steps (17) through the conveying pipe (22).

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