Single-pipe type solid rocket engine with integrated end closure

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of tactical weapon system structure design, and particularly relates to a single-tube propellant grain solid rocket engine propellant blocking and rear head integrated structure. The propellant blocking and rear head integrated structure combines the propellant blocking plate and the rear head inner heat insulation into a propellant blocking heat insulation pad, which is used for heat protection of the rear head. Meanwhile, the propellant blocking heat insulation pad is provided with propellant grain axial and radial support structures, which ensure reliable fixation of the propellant grain before and during work. In addition, the propellant blocking heat insulation pad is designed with a gas passage, which ensures smooth airflow. The propellant blocking and rear head integrated structure combines the propellant blocking plate and the conventional engine rear head inner heat insulation into a whole structure, uses the rear head as the propellant blocking plate, reduces the number of engine parts, saves expensive heat insulation raw materials, and lowers the cost. The propellant blocking plate and the rear head share a part of length space, shorten the length of the engine, and improve the overall performance of the engine. The propellant blocking and rear head integrated structure meets engineering application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tactical weapon system structural design, specifically relating to an integrated structure of a propellant-blocking rear end cap for a single-tube solid rocket motor. Background Technology

[0002] Solid rocket motors are simple in structure, easy to maintain and operate, and reliable in operation, making them widely used as propulsion devices in rockets and missiles. A single-tube propellant grain engine is a type of solid rocket motor where both the inner and outer surfaces of the propellant grain are combustible. The propellant grain is reliably fixed within the engine's combustion chamber by a front-end support and a rear-end baffle.

[0003] Tubular propellant jet engines are typically designed with a separate propellant baffle structure. The baffle is generally made of ablation-resistant composite material and possesses a certain strength. During engine operation, the combustion gases flow from front to back. Besides fixing the propellant jet, the baffle must also provide a gas flow passage. The presence of this gas flow passage results in a complex baffle structure that occupies a certain amount of space and length.

[0004] Solid rocket motors are typically designed with a rear end cap structure, which connects the combustion chamber and the nozzle. The rear end cap generally consists of a rear end cap shell and an internal thermal insulation structure. This internal insulation structure ensures the integrity of the rear end cap structure during engine operation. The rear end cap is often conical or spherical, guiding and converging the combustion gases from the propellant grain to the center of the engine before they flow out from the nozzle. The rear end cap structure occupies a certain amount of space and length.

[0005] Solid rocket engines employ an independent propellant baffle and an independent rear end cap structure, resulting in a long negative length, large negative mass, numerous parts, complex assembly process, and poor overall engine performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is: how to address the problems of current single-tube solid rocket motors, which employ independent baffle structures and independent rear head structures, resulting in large length and space requirements, high mass, numerous parts, high cost, and poor overall engine performance.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor. The integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap combines the propellant-blocking plate with the internal heat insulation of the rear end cap to form a propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2). The propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is used to provide thermal protection for the rear end cap.

[0010] Meanwhile, the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is equipped with axial and radial support structures for the medicine column to ensure reliable fixation of the medicine column before and during operation;

[0011] Furthermore, the heat insulation pad (2) is designed with a gas passage to ensure smooth airflow.

[0012] The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is a combination of the medicine-blocking plate and the heat insulation inside the rear end cap. The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) satisfies the function of the medicine-blocking plate while providing heat insulation for the rear end cap.

[0013] The heat-insulating pad (2) is bonded to the rear end cap housing (1), which is connected to the combustion chamber via external threads and to the nozzle via internal threads.

[0014] The heat insulation pad (2) is made of carbon / phenolic rod material.

[0015] After the outer surface of the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is processed, it is bonded to the inner surface of the rear end cap shell (1) and completely cured.

[0016] The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is provided with an axial fixing surface for the medicine column and a radial fixing boss, and is also provided with a smooth gas passage.

[0017] The rear end cap shell (1) is made of 7A04 aluminum alloy, and the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) is made of carbon / phenolic rod. The rear end cap shell (1) has threads at both the front and rear for connecting with the engine combustion chamber and nozzle. After sandblasting the bonding surface of the rear end cap shell (1), an appropriate amount of epoxy resin is applied to bond the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) to the position and cure it.

[0018] The rear end cap housing (1) is provided with an internal thread (11) for connection with the engine nozzle; an external thread (12) for connection with the engine combustion chamber; and an adhesive surface (13) for bonding with the medicated heat insulation pad (2). Before bonding, the adhesive surface (13) is sandblasted, and epoxy resin adhesive is used to bond the medicated heat insulation pad (2) to the rear end cap housing (1).

[0019] The heat-insulating pad (2) has an outer surface (21) for bonding with the rear end cap shell; an end face (22) for defining the axial position of the drug column; and a boss (23) for inserting into the inner hole of the tubular drug column to limit the radial position of the drug column.

[0020] The heat insulation pad (2) is provided with a channel (24) and a conical inclined channel (25) for the gas generated by the combustion of the outer surface of the drug column.

[0021] The heat insulation pad (2) is provided with a central hole (26) which is a common channel for the gas combustion on the inner and outer surfaces of the drug column.

[0022] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:

[0024] (1) A single-tube solid rocket motor propellant-blocking head integrated structure was designed to meet the engineering requirements.

[0025] (2) The structure of the propellant-blocking head is simple, lightweight, has few parts, occupies a short length of the engine, and takes up little space, which is conducive to improving the overall performance of the solid rocket engine. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figures 1a-1c This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back sealing head for blocking the medicine.

[0027] Figure 2a and Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the rear end cap shell structure.

[0028] Figures 3a-3c This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medicine-blocking and heat-insulating pad. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0030] In existing technologies, both the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of the propellant grain in tubular rocket engines are combustion surfaces, burning simultaneously. The rear end of these propellant grain engines typically features a separate baffle structure. This baffle limits the radial position of the propellant grain before combustion and its axial position before and during combustion. The baffle must also have sufficient internal and external combustion gas channels to ensure unobstructed airflow. Furthermore, the baffle should possess a certain degree of resistance to ablation and erosion. These functions result in a complex baffle structure that requires a significant amount of space. Solid rocket engines typically have a separate rear head structure, consisting of a metal rear head shell and non-metallic rear head insulation, used for airflow guidance and connecting the engine combustion chamber to the nozzle. Engines employing separate baffle and rear head structures have numerous components, are difficult to manufacture, and require a large space and length for the baffle and rear head, leading to poor engine performance.

[0031] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor. The integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap combines the propellant-blocking plate with the internal heat insulation of the rear end cap to form a propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2). The propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is used to provide thermal protection for the rear end cap.

[0032] Meanwhile, the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is equipped with axial and radial support structures for the medicine column to ensure reliable fixation of the medicine column before and during operation;

[0033] Furthermore, the heat insulation pad (2) is designed with a gas passage to ensure smooth airflow.

[0034] The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is a combination of the medicine-blocking plate and the heat insulation inside the rear end cap. The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) satisfies the function of the medicine-blocking plate while providing heat insulation for the rear end cap.

[0035] The heat-insulating pad (2) is bonded to the rear end cap housing (1), which is connected to the combustion chamber via external threads and to the nozzle via internal threads.

[0036] The heat insulation pad (2) is made of carbon / phenolic rod material.

[0037] After the outer surface of the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is processed, it is bonded to the inner surface of the rear end cap shell (1) and completely cured.

[0038] The medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is provided with an axial fixing surface for the medicine column and a radial fixing boss, and is also provided with a smooth gas passage.

[0039] The rear end cap shell (1) is made of 7A04 aluminum alloy, and the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) is made of carbon / phenolic rod. The rear end cap shell (1) has threads at both the front and rear for connecting with the engine combustion chamber and nozzle. After sandblasting the bonding surface of the rear end cap shell (1), an appropriate amount of epoxy resin is applied to bond the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) to the position and cure it.

[0040] The rear end cap housing (1) is provided with an internal thread (11) for connection with the engine nozzle; an external thread (12) for connection with the engine combustion chamber; and an adhesive surface (13) for bonding with the medicated heat insulation pad (2). Before bonding, the adhesive surface (13) is sandblasted, and epoxy resin adhesive is used to bond the medicated heat insulation pad (2) to the rear end cap housing (1).

[0041] The heat-insulating pad (2) has an outer surface (21) for bonding with the rear end cap shell; an end face (22) for defining the axial position of the drug column; and a boss (23) for inserting into the inner hole of the tubular drug column to limit the radial position of the drug column.

[0042] The heat insulation pad (2) is provided with a channel (24) and a conical inclined channel (25) for the gas generated by the combustion of the outer surface of the drug column.

[0043] The heat insulation pad (2) is provided with a central hole (26) which is a common channel for the gas combustion on the inner and outer surfaces of the drug column.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] according to Figures 1a-1c As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end cap shell (1) is machined from 7A04 aluminum alloy, and the propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is machined from carbon / phenolic rod stock. The rear end cap shell (1) has threads on both the front and rear for connection with the engine combustion chamber and nozzle; after sandblasting the bonding surface of the rear end cap shell (1), an appropriate amount of epoxy resin is applied to bond the propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2) into place and cure it. The propellant-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is designed with an axial fixing surface for the propellant charge and a radial fixing boss, and is designed with a smooth gas passage, thus realizing the functions of the propellant-blocking plate and the rear end cap.

[0046] according to Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rear end cap shell is machined from 7A04 aluminum alloy. The internal thread (11) is used to connect with the engine nozzle; the external thread (12) is used to connect with the engine combustion chamber. The bonding surface (13) is used to bond with the propellant heat insulation pad. Before bonding, the bonding surface (13) is sandblasted, and the propellant heat insulation pad and the rear end cap shell are bonded with epoxy resin adhesive.

[0047] according to Figures 3a-3c As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat-insulating pad for blocking the propellant is formed by processing carbon / phenolic rod material. The outer surface (21) is used to bond with the rear end cap shell; the end face (22) is used to define the axial position of the propellant column; the boss (23) is inserted into the inner hole of the tubular propellant column to limit the radial position of the propellant column; the channel (24) and the conical inclined channel (25) are gas channels generated by combustion on the outer surface of the propellant column; the central hole (26) is a shared channel for the combustion gas on the inner and outer surfaces of the propellant column.

[0048] This invention provides a preferred embodiment of an integrated rear head structure for a single-tube solid rocket motor with a propellant baffle, applicable to various types of single-tube solid rocket motors. This structure successfully integrates the engine's rear head and the propellant baffle structure into a single unit, simultaneously realizing the functions of both the baffle and the rear head. This shortens the engine length, reduces weight and the number of parts, simplifies the manufacturing process, lowers costs, and improves the overall performance of the engine. This integrated rear head structure meets the engineering application requirements of solid rocket motors.

[0049] In summary, this invention belongs to the field of tactical weapon system structural design, specifically relating to an integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor. This integrated structure combines the propellant-blocking plate with the internal insulation of the rear end cap to form a propellant-blocking heat-insulating pad, which provides thermal protection for the rear end cap. Simultaneously, the heat-insulating pad is equipped with axial and radial support structures for the propellant grain, ensuring reliable fixation of the propellant grain before and during operation. Furthermore, the heat-insulating pad is designed with a gas flow channel to ensure unobstructed airflow. This integrated structure combines the propellant-blocking plate with the internal insulation of a conventional engine rear end cap into a single unit, using the rear end cap as a propellant-blocking plate. This reduces the number of engine components, saves expensive insulation materials, and lowers costs. The propellant-blocking plate and the rear end cap share a portion of their length, shortening the engine's length and improving its overall performance. The integrated propellant-blocking rear end cap structure meets engineering application requirements.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated structure for the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor, characterized in that, The integrated structure of the back end cap combines the baffle plate with the internal heat insulation of the back end cap to form a baffle heat insulation pad (2), which is used to provide thermal protection for the back end cap. Meanwhile, the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is equipped with axial and radial support structures for the medicine column to ensure reliable fixation of the medicine column before and during operation; After the outer surface of the medicine-blocking heat insulation pad (2) is processed, it is bonded to the inner surface of the rear end cap shell (1) and completely cured; The heat-insulating pad (2) has an outer surface (21) for bonding with the rear end cap shell; an end face (22) for defining the axial position of the drug column; a boss (23) for inserting into the inner hole of the tubular drug column to limit the radial position of the drug column; the heat-insulating pad (2) has a channel (24) and a conical inclined channel (25) for the gas channel generated by the combustion on the outer surface of the drug column to ensure smooth airflow.

2. The integrated structure of the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad (2) is bonded to the rear end cap housing (1). The rear end cap housing (1) is connected to the combustion chamber by external threads and to the nozzle by internal threads.

3. The integrated structure of the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-insulating pad (2) for blocking medicine is made of carbon / phenolic rod material.

4. The integrated structure of the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end cap shell (1) is made of 7A04 aluminum alloy, and the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) is made of carbon / phenolic rod. The rear end cap shell (1) has threads at both the front and rear for connecting with the engine combustion chamber and nozzle. After sandblasting the bonding surface of the rear end cap shell (1), an appropriate amount of epoxy resin is applied to bond the blasting and heat insulation pad (2) into place and cure it.

5. The integrated structure of the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The rear end cap housing (1) is provided with an internal thread (11) for connection with the engine nozzle; an external thread (12) for connection with the engine combustion chamber; and an adhesive surface (13) for bonding with the medicated heat insulation pad (2). Before bonding, the adhesive surface (13) is sandblasted, and epoxy resin adhesive is used to bond the medicated heat insulation pad (2) to the rear end cap housing (1).

6. The integrated structure of the propellant-blocking rear end cap of a single-tube solid rocket motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad (2) is provided with a central hole (26) which is a common channel for the gas on the inner and outer surfaces of the drug column.

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