Vertical axis wind turbine and blade thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical shaft wind driven generator and a blade thereof, the blade is a blade with a cross section in the shape of an airfoil, the blade is divided into a first main body and a second main body between a leading edge and a trailing edge of the blade, the first main body and the second main body can move relatively along a height direction of the blade; the cross section is perpendicular to the height direction. The blade is divided into the first main body and the second main body, and the first main body and the second main body can move relatively along the height direction of the airfoil-shaped blade; when the rotating speed of the blade is too high, the relative movement of the first main body and the second main body can change the aerodynamic shape of the cross section of the blade, large flow separation occurs at the trailing end of the first main body and the leading end of the second main body, the cross section lift greatly decreases, and the cross section drag greatly increases, so that the rotating torque of the blade is rapidly reduced, the function of an aerodynamic brake is achieved, and the problems of damage of unit components or even tower falling of a unit caused by too large motor power or too large load of the vertical shaft wind driven generator are effectively relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a vertical axis wind turbine and its blades. Background Technology

[0002] H-type vertical axis wind turbines utilize aerodynamic principles and wind tunnel simulations of vertical axis rotation. The blades are designed with an airfoil shape, ensuring that they do not deform and thus maintain efficiency during rotor rotation. As a result, H-type vertical axis wind turbines are widely used in small wind turbines.

[0003] The current H-type vertical axis wind turbine consists of blades, a hub that fixes the blades, and connecting rods that connect the blades to form a wind turbine. The wind turbine drives a rare earth permanent magnet generator to generate electricity, which is then sent to a controller for control and distribution of the electrical energy used by the load.

[0004] The blades have a uniform cross-section and no twist angle. The motor and support structure need to withstand a large load, especially at high wind speeds. The wind turbine rotates too fast and is not easy to brake, which leads to excessive motor power or excessive load on the unit, causing damage to the unit components or even the unit collapse.

[0005] H-type vertical axis wind turbines typically employ electromagnetic or mechanical brakes. While electromagnetic and mechanical brakes can provide some deceleration when the unit is operating at high wind speeds, their braking torque is limited. If the aerodynamic torque exceeds the braking torque, the unit may fly off course, the motor may burn out, or the tower may collapse.

[0006] Therefore, how to achieve stable braking of the wind turbine to avoid damage to the unit components is a technical problem that the technical personnel urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a blade for a vertical axis wind turbine to achieve stable braking of the wind turbine and avoid damage to the unit components. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a vertical axis wind turbine having the aforementioned blade.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A blade for a vertical axis wind turbine, wherein the blade is an airfoil-shaped blade, and the blade is divided into a first body and a second body between the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade, and the first body and the second body can move relative to each other along the height direction of the blade;

[0010] The cross-section is perpendicular to the height direction.

[0011] Preferably, in the blade of the vertical axis wind turbine described above, the second body is connected to the drive assembly, driving the second body to move relative to the first body along the height direction of the blade;

[0012] The first body and the second body are guided and connected by a concave-convex structure, and the groove of the concave-convex structure extends along the height direction of the blade.

[0013] Preferably, in the blade of the above-mentioned vertical axis wind turbine, the second main body is characterized in that the second main body is divided into at least two segments, and the movement directions of adjacent segments in the second main body are opposite;

[0014] The driving components are connected one-to-one with the segments of the second main body.

[0015] Preferably, in the blade of the vertical axis wind turbine described above, the first body is the portion from the leading edge of the blade to the maximum width of the blade, and the second body is the portion from the maximum width of the blade to the trailing edge of the blade;

[0016] The width direction of the blade is perpendicular to the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade.

[0017] Preferably, in the blades of the aforementioned vertical axis wind turbine, the second main body includes:

[0018] The first segment is the portion from the maximum width of the blade to the center of the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade.

[0019] The second part is the portion from the center of the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade to the trailing edge of the blade.

[0020] Preferably, in the blades of the aforementioned vertical axis wind turbine, the first main body and the first sub-body, as well as the first sub-body and the second sub-body, are all guided and connected by the concave-convex structure.

[0021] A vertical axis wind turbine includes a tower, a motor mounted on the tower, and blades connected to the motor via connecting rods. The motor drives the blades to rotate around the tower, and the blades are blades of any of the aforementioned vertical axis wind turbines.

[0022] Preferably, in the above-mentioned vertical axis wind turbine, the connecting rod includes:

[0023] A first connecting rod connects the first body of the blade and the motor;

[0024] The second connecting rod connects the second body of the blade and the drive assembly, the drive assembly being connected to the motor and driving the second connecting rod to move relative to the first connecting rod.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned vertical axis wind turbine, when the second main body is divided into at least two sections, the second connecting rod is connected to each section of the second main body in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0026] Preferably, the above-mentioned vertical axis wind turbine further includes:

[0027] A speed sensor, used to detect the rotational speed of the blade;

[0028] A controller is connected to the speed sensor, and when the speed sensor detects that the speed of the blade exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the second body to move relative to the first body along the height direction of the blade.

[0029] This invention discloses a blade for a vertical axis wind turbine. By dividing the blade into a first main body and a second main body, and allowing the first and second main bodies to move relative to each other along the height direction of the airfoil blade, the aerodynamic shape of the blade cross-section changes due to the relative movement of the first and second main bodies when the blade rotation speed is too high. Large flow separation occurs at the tail of the first main body and at the front of the second main body, resulting in a significant decrease in cross-sectional lift and a significant increase in cross-sectional drag. This rapidly reduces the rotational torque of the blade, acting as an aerodynamic brake. This effectively alleviates the problem of damage to turbine components or even turbine collapse caused by excessive motor power or excessive load on the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0030] In addition, this invention also discloses a vertical axis wind turbine with the aforementioned blades, which also has the aforementioned technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a top view of the first structure of the blade disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the front view direction of the first structure of the blade disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of the second structure of the blade disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the main view direction of the second structure of the blade disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a front view of the first structure of the vertical axis wind turbine disclosed in this application during normal use;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a front view of the second structure of the vertical axis wind turbine disclosed in this application during normal use;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a front view of the second structure of the vertical axis wind turbine disclosed in this application during braking.

[0039] Among them, 1 is the blade, 2 is the tower, 3 is the motor, 4 is the connecting rod, and 5 is the drive assembly;

[0040] 11 is the first main body, 12 is the second main body, 121 is the first sub-body, and 122 is the second sub-body;

[0041] 41 is the first connecting rod, and 42 is the second connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0042] This invention discloses a blade for a vertical axis wind turbine, enabling stable braking of the wind turbine to prevent damage to unit components. Furthermore, this invention also discloses a vertical axis wind turbine having the aforementioned blade.

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, this application discloses a blade for a vertical axis wind turbine. Specifically, the blade 1 is an airfoil-shaped blade with a cross-section. The airfoil-shaped blade 1 is divided into a first body 11 and a second body 12 between the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade 1, and the first body 11 and the second body 12 can move relative to each other along the height direction of the blade 1; wherein, the cross-section is perpendicular to the height direction.

[0046] In this application, the blade is divided into a first body 11 and a second body 12, and the first body 11 and the second body 12 can move relative to each other along the height direction of the airfoil blade 1. When the blade rotation speed is too high, the aerodynamic shape of the blade cross section changes through the relative movement of the first body 11 and the second body 12. Large flow separation occurs at the tail of the first body and at the front of the second body. The cross section lift is greatly reduced and the cross section drag is greatly increased, thereby rapidly reducing the rotational torque of the blade and playing the role of aerodynamic braking. This effectively alleviates the problem of damage to unit components or even tower collapse caused by excessive motor power or excessive unit load of vertical axis wind turbine generators.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first body 11 is set as a fixed part, and the second body 12 is connected to the drive assembly. Under the driving action of the drive assembly, the second body 12 is driven to move relative to the first body 11 along the height direction of the airfoil blade 1.

[0048] In order to ensure the stability of the movement of the first body 11 and the second body 12 during relative movement, and to ensure the integrity of the airfoil blade 1 during normal use, in some embodiments, the first body 11 and the second body 12 are connected by a concave-convex structure. Through the cooperation of the concave-convex structure, the guiding function of the second body 12 relative to the first body 11 during movement is achieved.

[0049] It should be noted that the grooves in the concave-convex structure in this paper extend along the height direction of the airfoil blade 1.

[0050] The connection method for the first body 11 and the second body 12 is not limited to a concave-convex structure connection; a lead screw and nut connection can also be used. The shape of the groove in the concave-convex structure is, in this document, including but not limited to, a dovetail groove.

[0051] In some embodiments, both the first body 11 and the second body 12 may be configured as movable parts.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to further increase the drag of the blades, in some embodiments, the second body 12 is divided into at least two segments, and the movement directions of adjacent segments of the second body 12 are opposite; the drive component is connected to each segment of the second body 12 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0053] The second main body 12 is divided into multiple segments, and the movement directions of two adjacent segments in the second main body 12 are opposite. This can further deteriorate the aerodynamic shape of the blades, further increase the drag of the blades, reduce the lift of the blades, and thus drastically reduce the rotational torque of the blades. This makes the aerodynamic braking effect more obvious and more conducive to preventing the damage to the unit components or even the collapse of the unit caused by excessive motor power or excessive unit load of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0054] See Figure 1 As shown, the first body 11 in this application is the portion from the leading edge of the airfoil blade 1 to the maximum width of the airfoil blade 1, and the second body 12 is the portion from the maximum width of the blade 1 to the trailing edge of the blade 1.

[0055] The width direction of blade 1 is perpendicular to the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of blade 1.

[0056] Since blade 1 is an airfoil blade, and the weight of the part from the leading edge to the maximum width of blade 1 is relatively large, the first main body 11 in this embodiment is a fixed part, while the weight of the part from the maximum width to the trailing edge of blade 1 is relatively small. By driving it with a drive component, the power of the drive component can be reduced.

[0057] It should be noted that the division of the first body 11 and the second body 12 is mainly based on the mass distribution of the airfoil section to reduce the weight of the active section. Therefore, the blade 1 of any airfoil shape is divided according to this basis.

[0058] See Figure 2 As shown, when blade 1 is divided into a first body 11 and a second body 12, blade 1 operates normally as follows: Figure 2 As shown in Figure a, the first body 11 and the second body 12 are of equal height, and their upper and lower surfaces are aligned to form a complete airfoil blade 1, so as to realize wind power generation.

[0059] When the rotational speed of blade 1 reaches a preset value, it drives the second body 12 to move relative to the first body 11, such as... Figure 2 As shown in Figure b, the second body 12 moves downward relative to the first body 11, which increases the vertical area of ​​the blade 1 and changes the aerodynamic shape of the blade cross-section. Large flow separation occurs at the tail of the first body 11 and at the front of the second body 12. The cross-sectional lift decreases significantly and the cross-sectional drag increases significantly, thereby rapidly reducing the rotational torque of the blade. This makes the aerodynamic braking effect more obvious and more conducive to preventing the damage to the unit components or even the collapse of the unit caused by excessive motor power or excessive unit load of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0060] Figure 3 The second main body 12 includes a first part 121 and a second part 122. The first part 121 is the portion from the maximum width of the blade 1 to the center of the line connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade 1, and the second part 122 is the portion from the center of the line connecting the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade 1 to the trailing edge of the blade 1.

[0061] The division position of the second main body 12 can also be selected at a position where the curvature of the airfoil blade 1 is relatively small, so as to facilitate the combination of the first part 121 and the second part 122.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, when blade 1 is divided into a first main body 11 and a second main body 12, and the second main body 12 is further divided into a first sub-body 121 and a second sub-body 122, blade 1, during normal operation, as follows... Figure 4 As shown in Figure a, the first main body 11, the first sub-body 121, and the second sub-body 122 are of equal height, and their upper and lower surfaces are aligned to form a complete airfoil blade 1 for wind power generation.

[0063] When the rotational speed of blade 1 reaches a preset value, it drives the first split 121 to move relative to the first main body 11, and the second split 122 to move relative to the first split 121. For example... Figure 4 As shown in Figure b, the first segment 121 moves downward relative to the first main body 11, and the second segment 122 moves upward relative to the first segment 121 and the second segment 122 moves upward relative to the first main body 11.

[0064] The movement of the first component 121 and the second component 122 exacerbates the aerodynamic shape of the blade 1, further increasing the drag of the blade 1 and reducing the lift of the blade 1. This greatly reduces the rotational torque of the blade 1, making the aerodynamic braking effect more obvious and more conducive to preventing the damage to the unit components or even the collapse of the unit caused by excessive motor power or excessive unit load of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0065] It should be noted that the first part 121 and the second part 122 in this paper move in opposite directions to ensure that the blade 1 has a larger extension space.

[0066] To ensure stability during the movement of the first part 121 and the second part 122, in some embodiments, the first main body 11 and the first part 121, as well as the first part 121 and the second part 122, are connected by a concave-convex structure to prevent the first part 121 and the second part 122 from shifting during movement and failing to reset.

[0067] like Figures 5 to 7As shown, this application also discloses a vertical axis wind turbine, including a tower 2, a motor 3 mounted on the tower 2, and blades 1 connected to the motor 3 via connecting rods 4. The motor drives the blades 1 to rotate around the tower 2. The blades 1 are the blades 1 disclosed in the above embodiments. Therefore, the vertical axis wind turbine with the blades 1 also has all the above-mentioned technical effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0068] Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the connecting rod 4 is connected only to the first body 11 of the blade 1, while the second body 12 of the blade 1 is connected to the first body 11. The drive assembly is mounted on the first body 11.

[0069] and Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the connecting rod 4 includes a first connecting rod 41 and a second connecting rod 42. The first connecting rod 41 connects the first body 11 of the blade 1 and the motor 3. The second connecting rod 42 connects the second body 12 of the blade 1 and the drive assembly 5. The drive assembly 5 is connected to the motor 3 and drives the second connecting rod 42 to move relative to the first connecting rod 41.

[0070] In some embodiments, the motor 3 described herein includes a fixed part and a rotating part, wherein the fixed part is fixedly connected to the tower 2, and the rotating part rotates relative to the fixed part. The first connecting rod 41 described above is connected to the rotating part; the drive assembly 5 is connected to the rotating part and is capable of moving relative to the rotating part along the axial direction of the tower 2; the second connecting rod 42 described above connects the drive assembly 5 and the second body 12. When the rotating part rotates, it drives the blades 1 to rotate around the tower 2.

[0071] By installing a drive assembly 5 on the rotating part, and the drive assembly 5 being fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 42, the second connecting rod 42 can rotate with the rotating part, and the drive assembly 5 can drive the second connecting rod 42 to move up and down, thereby enabling the second main body 12 to move relative to the first main body 11.

[0072] In some embodiments, the drive component 5 is a drive cylinder, a linear motor, or a gear assembly. Taking a drive cylinder as an example, the installation method of the drive component 5 will be described as follows:

[0073] The telescopic rod of the drive cylinder 5 is connected to the rotating part of the motor 3. One end of the second connecting rod 42 is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the drive cylinder, and the other end of the second connecting rod 42 is fixedly connected to the second main body 12.

[0074] It should be noted that the second connecting rod 42 is arranged perpendicular to the telescopic rod.

[0075] When the second main body is divided into multiple segments, the telescopic rods of adjacent drive cylinders face opposite directions.

[0076] The structure and installation method of the driving component in this application include, but are not limited to, the contents disclosed in the above embodiments. Any method that can drive the second body 12 to move relative to the first body 11 is within the scope of protection.

[0077] It should be noted that when the second main body 12 is divided into at least two segments, the aforementioned second connecting rod 42 is connected to each segment of the second main body 12 in a one-to-one correspondence, so as to realize individual control of each segment of the second main body 12 and facilitate adjustment of the deformation of the blade 1.

[0078] Taking the second main body 12 as an example, which includes a first part 121 and a second part 122, there are two second connecting rods, which are connected to the first part 121 and the second part 122 respectively, and drive the first part 121 and the second part 122 to move up and down respectively.

[0079] It should be noted that when driving the first part 121 and the second part 122, their directions of motion are always opposite.

[0080] In addition, the vertical axis wind turbine disclosed in this application also includes a speed sensor and a controller.

[0081] The speed sensor is used to detect the speed of the blade 1. In some embodiments, the speed sensor obtains the speed of the blade 1 by detecting the speed of the rotating part of the motor 3.

[0082] The controller is connected to the speed sensor and the drive assembly. When the speed sensor detects that the speed of the blade 1 exceeds the preset value, the controller controls the second body 12 to move relative to the first body 11 along the height direction of the blade 1.

[0083] The preset value of the rotational speed of blade 1 can be set according to different needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0084] Specifically, the controller controls the drive component connected to the first split 121 to drive the first split 121 to move downward, and controls the drive component connected to the second split 122 to drive the second split 122 to move upward.

[0085] As indicated in this invention and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0086] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A blade for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, The blade is an airfoil-shaped blade, and the blade is divided into a first body and a second body between the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade, and the first body and the second body can move relative to each other along the height direction of the blade; The cross-section is perpendicular to the height direction; Also includes: A speed sensor, used to detect the rotational speed of the blade; A controller is connected to the speed sensor, and when the speed sensor detects that the speed of the blade exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the second body to move relative to the first body along the height direction of the blade; The second body is divided into at least two segments, and the movement directions of adjacent segments in the second body are opposite; the first body is the portion from the leading edge of the blade to the maximum width of the blade, and the second body is the portion from the maximum width of the blade to the trailing edge of the blade.

2. The blade of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second body is connected to the drive assembly, which drives the second body to move relative to the first body along the height direction of the blade; The first body and the second body are guided and connected by a concave-convex structure, and the groove of the concave-convex structure extends along the height direction of the blade.

3. The blade of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving components are connected one-to-one with the segments of the second main body.

4. The blade of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width direction of the blade is perpendicular to the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade.

5. The blade of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second subject includes: The first segment is the portion from the maximum width of the blade to the center of the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade. The second part is the portion from the center of the line connecting the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade to the trailing edge of the blade.

6. The blade of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first main body and the first sub-body, as well as the first sub-body and the second sub-body, are all connected by the concave-convex structure.

7. A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, It includes a tower, a motor mounted on the tower, and blades connected to the motor via connecting rods. The motor drives the blades to rotate around the tower, and the blades are blades of a vertical axis wind turbine as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting rod includes: A first connecting rod connects the first body of the blade and the motor; The second connecting rod connects the second body of the blade and the drive assembly, the drive assembly being connected to the motor and driving the second connecting rod to move relative to the first connecting rod.

9. The vertical axis wind turbine generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the second main body is divided into at least two segments, the second connecting rod is connected to each segment of the second main body in a one-to-one correspondence.

Images