A motor main shaft, motor

Abstract

This invention provides a motor spindle, comprising a spindle, a spindle housing disposed on the outer periphery of the spindle, a connecting ring sleeved on the spindle between the spindle and the spindle housing and connected to the inner wall of the spindle housing by a locking nut, two thrust bearings sleeved on the spindle and respectively located on both sides of the connecting ring and connected to the connecting ring by screws, a tapered bearing sleeved on the spindle and located on the side of each thrust bearing away from the connecting ring, an elastic abutting device disposed between the tapered bearing and the thrust bearing for abutting the tapered bearing to place the tapered bearing in a predetermined position, and an adjusting device disposed between the spindle and the spindle housing for driving the tapered bearing to overcome the force of the elastic abutting device and move along the axial direction of the spindle to adjust the air float clearance of the tapered bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive equipment technology, and more specifically to an electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] A high-speed air-driven electric spindle refers to a spindle that uses high-speed airflow through a throttling orifice on the throttle valve of an air bearing to form an air film around the spindle core, thus levitating the spindle core and using gas as a lubricant to achieve high-speed rotation of the spindle core. To increase the spindle core speed and reduce energy consumption, an air-driven bearing is used instead of a traditional mechanical bearing. Specifically, a damping plug is installed on the air-driven bearing, with an air inlet on the damping plug. After connecting to external high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is introduced to the side of the spindle core through the damping plug, thereby forming an air film on the side of the spindle core, providing radial support to the spindle core.

[0003] However, in actual use, especially under high-speed rotation of the spindle, existing air-bearing electric spindles exhibit significant spindle runout. The damping plugs lack the ability to correct this runout, resulting in low machining accuracy, particularly at high spindle speeds, where the machining accuracy fails to meet the high-precision requirements of workpiece machining. Furthermore, most existing high-speed air-bearing electric spindles use cylindrical bearings with non-adjustable clearances, limiting their application and load-bearing capacity to a narrow range of speeds.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies and shortcomings of the prior art by providing a motor spindle that employs a cam-structured air bearing clearance adjustment mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a motor spindle, comprising a spindle and a spindle housing with an outer periphery of the spindle, including the spindle; a tapered bearing, the tapered bearing being sleeved on the outer surface of the spindle; an adjusting device, the adjusting device being used to adjust the air clearance of the tapered bearing in the direction of axial movement of the spindle; the adjusting device comprising a drive device disposed on the spindle housing, a driven gear disposed on the spindle housing for cooperating with the drive device, and a connecting device fixedly connected to the tapered bearing, the first end of the connecting device being fixedly connected to the tapered bearing, the second end of the connecting device being connected to the driven gear, the side of the driven gear being provided with at least one region of gradient thickness, the thickness change of the driven gear when the drive assembly drives the driven gear to rotate causes the connecting device to push the tapered bearing to move axially.

[0007] Furthermore, the second end of the connecting device also includes a rolling component for abutting against the side of the driven gear when the driving device drives the driven gear to rotate, and a clearance hole is opened on the main shaft housing for the connecting device to pass through and for the tapered bearing to move axially along the main shaft when the connecting device is pushed by the first driven gear.

[0008] Furthermore, there are multiple connecting devices, which are evenly arranged around the outside of the main shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the driven gear includes a circular ring body and an arc-shaped rack disposed on the outer wall of the circular ring body.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment device also includes a thin-walled angular contact ball bearing sleeved on the spindle housing, a locking nut disposed on the spindle housing and threadedly connected to the spindle housing for positioning the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing, and the driven gear being engaged with the driving gear on the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the main shaft has a first tapered shaft segment, a second circular shaft segment, and a third tapered shaft segment; The tapered bearing includes a first tapered bearing and a second tapered bearing; The adjustment device further includes a first air gap adjustment component, the first air gap adjustment component includes a first thrust bearing sleeved on the second circular shaft section of the main shaft, the first tapered bearing sleeved and connected to the first tapered shaft section, and an elastic abutting device between the first tapered bearing and the first thrust bearing for abutting the tapered bearing so that the tapered bearing is in a predetermined position. The adjustment device further includes a second air gap adjustment component, which includes a second thrust bearing disposed on the second circular shaft section of the main shaft, the second tapered bearing being sleeved and connected to the third tapered shaft section, and an elastic abutting device between the second tapered bearing and the second thrust bearing for abutting the tapered bearing so that the tapered bearing is in a predetermined position.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic abutment device includes several rectangular springs disposed between the tapered bearing and the thrust bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving device includes a first driving component for driving the first air flotation gap adjustment component to adjust the air flotation gap and a second driving component for driving the second air flotation gap adjustment. The driven gear includes a first driven gear and a second driven gear, wherein the first driven gear is disposed on the side of the first conical shaft section; and the second driven gear is disposed on the side of the third conical shaft section. The first drive assembly includes a first motor bracket mounted on the spindle housing, a servo motor mounted on the first motor bracket, and a first drive gear mounted on the output end of the servo motor; The second drive assembly includes a second motor bracket mounted on the spindle housing, a servo motor mounted on the second motor bracket, and a second drive gear mounted on the output end of the servo motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the first drive component and the second drive component are alternately disposed on the host housing.

[0015] Another technical solution of this application relates to an electric motor that uses the aforementioned motor spindle.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention sets a side cam on the driven gear to push the connecting device to drive the tapered bearing to overcome the elastic force of the rectangular spring and move along the axial direction of the spindle, converting the rotational motion into axial motion, realizing the air float clearance adjustment of the tapered bearing, so that the electric spindle can adapt to more working conditions, the load capacity can adapt to a wider range of speeds, and the use of a servo motor can achieve higher precision. The mechanical structure is more stable than the control methods such as electric spindles. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the connecting ring in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the connecting device in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft in this invention.

[0019] 1. Main shaft; 11. First tapered shaft segment; 12. Second circular shaft segment; 13. Third tapered shaft segment; 2. Main shaft housing; 21. First locking nut; 3. Connecting device; 31. First connecting arm; 32. Second connecting arm; 33. Rolling assembly; 34. Clearance hole; 4. Driven gear; 41. Ring body; 42. Arc rack; 43. First driven gear; 44. Second driven gear; 5. Thin-walled angular contact ball bearing; 6. Second locking nut; 7. Tapered bearing; 71. First tapered bearing; 72. Second tapered bearing; 8. Rectangular spring; 81. First receiving hole; 82. Second receiving hole; 91. First motor bracket; 92. First driving gear; 93. Second motor bracket; 94. Second driving gear; 10. Thrust bearing; 101. First thrust bearing; 102. Second thrust bearing; 14. Connecting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that other embodiments of this application will readily conceive of by those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated in the claims section.

[0021] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structures described below and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims, and the invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] See Figures 1 to 6The technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is as follows: a motor spindle 1, comprising a spindle 1, a spindle 1 housing with an outer periphery of the spindle 1, a tapered bearing 7, the tapered bearing 7 being sleeved on the outer surface of the spindle 1; an adjusting device, the adjusting device being used to adjust the air clearance of the tapered bearing 7 in the direction of axial movement of the spindle 1; the adjusting device comprising a drive device disposed on the spindle 1 housing, a driven gear 4 disposed on the spindle 1 housing for cooperating with the drive device, and a connecting device 3 fixedly connected to the tapered bearing 7, the first end of the connecting device 3 being fixedly connected to the tapered bearing 7, the connecting device 3... The second end is connected to the driven gear 4. The side of the driven gear is provided with at least one region with a gradient change in thickness. When the drive assembly drives the driven gear 4 to rotate, the change in its thickness causes the connecting device 3 to push the tapered bearing 7 to move axially. Further, the connecting ring 14 between the main shaft 1 and the main shaft 1 housing and the inner wall of the main shaft 1 housing is connected by the first locking nut 21. Specifically, the side of the driven gear can be a region with a gradient change in thickness or two regions with gradient changes in thickness. The regions with gradient changes in thickness can be located on the same side or different sides of the driven gear.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second end of the connecting device 3 further includes a rolling assembly 33 for abutting against the side of the driven gear 4 when the driving device drives the driven gear 4 to rotate. A clearance hole 34 is provided on the housing of the main shaft 1 for the connecting device 3 to pass through and for the connecting device 3 to avoid the connecting device 3 when the connecting device 3 is pushed by the first driven gear 43 and drives the tapered bearing 7 to move along the axial direction of the main shaft 1. Specifically, the rolling assembly 33 can be a rolling bearing, ball, roller, or other rolling assembly 33. By setting the rolling assembly 33, it can abut against the side of the driven gear 4 tightly. When the driven gear 4 rotates, it can rotate smoothly on the side of the driven gear 4, and when pushing the tapered bearing 7 to move, it can move more smoothly.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the connecting device 3 includes a first connecting arm 31 and a second connecting arm 32, which are vertically connected. The first connecting arm 31 is fixedly connected to the tapered bearing 7. A rolling assembly 33 is installed at the end of the second connecting arm 32. The first connecting arm 31 passes through a clearance hole 34, and the length of the clearance hole 34 is the sum of the length of the first connecting arm 31 and the length of the floating air gap. For example, if the length of the first connecting arm 31 is L1 and the floating air gap that needs to be adjusted is L2, the length of the clearance hole 34 is L = L1 + L2. The length of the clearance hole 34 is limited. Furthermore, the length of the clearance hole 34 can also be slightly greater than the sum of the length of the first connecting arm 31 and the length of the floating air gap.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple connecting devices 3, which are uniformly arranged around the outside of the main shaft 1. There may be two, three or four connecting devices 3. When there are two connecting devices 3, they are symmetrically arranged around the outer periphery of the main shaft 1. When there are three connecting devices 3, they are uniformly arranged around the outer periphery of the main shaft 1.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driven gear 4 includes a circular ring body 41 and an arc-shaped rack 42 disposed on the outer wall of the circular ring body 41. The length of the arc-shaped rack 42 is less than the circumference of the circular ring, that is, only a portion of the outer circumference of the driven gear 4 is provided with transmission teeth. This design allows for more precise control when driving the tapered bearing 7 to move axially during the adjustment of the air gap floating clearance, thereby achieving more precise axial movement. The driven gear 4 has different thicknesses, with the thinner region being T1 and the thicker region being T2. The thickness difference of the driven gear 4 is the width of the clearance to be adjusted by the motor spindle 1. Further, the thickness range of the driven gear 4 extends from the starting point to the ending point of the arc-shaped rack 42. This application sets the driven gear 4 as a cam structure with varying thickness, enabling it to effectively convert rotational motion into axial motion, thereby achieving the adjustment of the air gap of the tapered bearing 7.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting device further includes a thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5 sleeved on the housing of the main shaft 1, and a second locking nut 6 disposed on and threadedly connected to the housing of the main shaft 1 for positioning the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5. The driven gear 4 is engaged with the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5 for cooperating with the driving gear. The second locking nut 6 positions the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5 and ensures its stability during movement. The second locking nut 6 is threadedly connected to the housing of the main shaft 1 to provide reliable axial position locking. The driven gear 4 is engaged with the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5, making its rotation smoother. At the same time, the threaded adjustment between the second locking nut 6 and the housing of the main shaft 1 allows for minor adjustments by appropriately adjusting the installation position of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5, thereby appropriately adjusting the position of the driven gear 4. This enables very precise axial movement. Furthermore, the position of the driven gear 4 can be adjusted after a period of use to ensure its floating air gap adjustment performance.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the main shaft 1 has a first tapered shaft segment 11, a second circular shaft segment 12, and a third tapered shaft segment 13; the tapered bearing 7 includes a first tapered bearing 71 and a second tapered bearing 72; the second circular shaft segment 12 is further provided with a stepped shaft segment, which is used for positioning and installing the thrust bearing 10.

[0029] The spindle 1 housing has a first boss machined on it to hold the inner ring of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5, and the driven gear 4 has a second boss machined on the inner wall of the annular body 41 to restrict the outer ring of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing 5. In one embodiment of the present invention, the main shaft 1 has a first tapered shaft segment 11, a second circular shaft segment 12, and a third tapered shaft segment 13; the tapered bearing 7 includes a first tapered bearing 71 and a second tapered bearing 72; the second circular shaft segment 12 is further provided with a stepped shaft segment.

[0030] The adjusting device further includes a first air gap adjusting assembly, which includes a first thrust bearing 101 sleeved on the second circular shaft segment 12 of the main shaft 1, a first tapered bearing 71 sleeved and connected to the first tapered shaft segment 11, and an elastic abutting device between the first tapered bearing 71 and the first thrust bearing 101 for abutting the tapered bearing 7 to place the tapered bearing 7 in a predetermined position; the adjusting device further includes a second air gap adjusting assembly, which includes a second thrust bearing 102 disposed on the second circular shaft segment 12 of the main shaft 1, a second tapered bearing 72 sleeved and connected to the third tapered shaft segment 13, and an elastic abutting device between the second tapered bearing 72 and the second thrust bearing 102 for abutting the tapered bearing 7 to place the tapered bearing 7 in a predetermined position; the interaction between the elastic abutting device and the first thrust bearing 101 ensures that the tapered bearing 7 is in a predetermined position, which helps to control the first air gap and achieve a higher level of axial movement and stability control.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic abutment device includes a plurality of rectangular springs 8 disposed between a first tapered bearing 71 and a first thrust bearing 101. The first thrust bearing 101 is provided with a plurality of first receiving holes 81 for accommodating the rectangular springs 8. The end face of the first tapered bearing 71 facing the first thrust bearing 101 is provided with a second receiving hole 82 corresponding to the first receiving hole 81. The rectangular springs 8 are disposed between the first receiving hole 81 and the second receiving hole 82. The first tapered bearing 71 and the first thrust bearing 101 are spaced apart. The connecting device 3 pushes the first tapered bearing 71 to move to adjust the gap between the first tapered bearing 71 and the first thrust bearing 101. The rectangular springs 8 are used to provide elastic force to reset the first tapered bearing 71 when the floating air gap of the motor spindle 1 is reset.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic abutment device includes a plurality of rectangular springs 8 disposed between the second tapered bearing 72 and the second thrust bearing 102. The second thrust bearing 102 is provided with a plurality of first receiving holes 81 for accommodating the rectangular springs 8. The end face of the second tapered bearing 72 facing the second thrust bearing 102 is provided with a second receiving hole 82 corresponding to the second receiving hole 82. The rectangular springs 8 are disposed between the first receiving holes 81 and the second receiving holes 82. The second tapered bearing 72 and the second thrust bearing 102 are spaced apart. The connecting device 3 pushes the second tapered bearing 72 to move to adjust the gap between the second tapered bearing 72 and the second thrust bearing 102. The rectangular springs 8 are used to provide elastic force to reset the first tapered bearing 71 when the floating air gap of the motor spindle 1 is reset.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving device includes a first driving component for adjusting the air float gap of a first air float gap adjustment component and a second driving component for adjusting the air float gap of a second air float gap; the driven gear 4 includes a first driven gear 43 and a second driven gear 44, the first driven gear 43 being disposed on the side of the first tapered shaft section 11; the second driven gear 44 being disposed on the side of the third tapered shaft section 13; the first driving component includes a first motor bracket 91 disposed on the housing of the spindle 1, a servo motor disposed on the first motor bracket 91, and a first driving gear 92 disposed on the output end of the servo motor; the second driving component includes a second motor bracket 93 disposed on the housing of the spindle 1, a servo motor disposed on the second motor bracket 93, and a second driving gear 94 disposed on the output end of the servo motor, the first driving component and the second driving component being alternately disposed on the main housing.

[0034] When the servo motor of the first drive assembly drives the first drive gear 92 to rotate, the first drive gear 92 meshes with the first driven gear 43. The first driven gear 43 rotates, and because its thickness varies in a gradient (it acts as a side cam), this rotation pushes the connecting device 3 to move the first tapered bearing 71 toward the first thrust bearing 101, thus adjusting its clearance. Specifically, the servo motor can rotate forward and backward. When the servo motor rotates forward, it drives the first driven gear 43 to rotate, pushing the connecting device 3 to move the first tapered bearing 71 toward the first thrust bearing 101. Movement; when the servo motor reverses, it drives the first driven gear 43 to rotate, pushing the connecting device 3 to move the first tapered bearing 71 away from the first thrust bearing 101; the present invention sets a side cam on the driven gear 4 to push the moving component to drive the tapered bearing 75 to overcome the elastic force of the rectangular spring 8 and move along the axial direction of the main shaft 11, converting the rotational motion into axial motion, realizing the air float gap adjustment of the tapered bearing 7, so that the electric spindle 1 can adapt to more working conditions, the load capacity can adapt to a wider range of speeds, and the use of the servo motor 62 can achieve higher precision, and the mechanical structure is more stable than the control methods such as the electric spindle 1.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present invention, a motor is provided that employs the motor spindle described above, which is not shown in the figures. It is understood that the motor spindle of the present invention is used in the motor.

[0036] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The various embodiments in this application are described in a related manner; similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions above are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A motor spindle, comprising a spindle, a spindle housing having an outer periphery of the spindle, and a tapered bearing sleeved on the outer surface of the spindle; An adjustment device is provided for adjusting the air gap of the tapered bearing in the direction of axial movement of the main shaft. Its features are: The adjustment device includes a drive device disposed on the spindle housing, a driven gear disposed on the spindle housing for cooperating with the drive device, and a connecting device fixedly connected to a tapered bearing. The first end of the connecting device is fixedly connected to the tapered bearing, and the second end of the connecting device is connected to the driven gear. The side of the driven gear is provided with at least one region with a gradient change in thickness. When the drive device drives the driven gear to rotate, the change in its thickness causes the connecting device to push the tapered bearing to move axially. The main shaft has a first tapered shaft section, a second circular shaft section, and a third tapered shaft section; The tapered bearing includes a first tapered bearing and a second tapered bearing; The adjustment device further includes a first air-float gap adjustment component, which includes a first thrust bearing sleeved on the second circular shaft section of the main shaft, a first tapered bearing sleeved and connected to the first tapered shaft section, and an elastic abutting device between the first tapered bearing and the first thrust bearing for abutting the tapered bearing so that the tapered bearing is in a predetermined position. The adjustment device further includes a second air-float gap adjustment assembly, which includes a second thrust bearing disposed on the second circular shaft section of the main shaft, the second tapered bearing being sleeved and connected to the third tapered shaft section, and an elastic abutting device between the second tapered bearing and the second thrust bearing for abutting the tapered bearing so that the tapered bearing is in a predetermined position.

2. The motor spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the connecting device also includes a rolling component for abutting against the side of the driven gear when the driving device drives the driven gear to rotate, and a clearance hole is provided on the main shaft housing for the connecting device to pass through and for the tapered bearing to move axially along the main shaft when the connecting device is pushed by the first driven gear.

3. The motor spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are multiple connecting devices, which are evenly arranged around the outside of the main shaft.

4. The motor spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven gear includes a circular ring body and an arc-shaped rack disposed on the outer wall of the circular ring body.

5. The motor spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes an adjustment mechanism, a thin-walled angular contact ball bearing sleeved on the spindle housing, a locking nut disposed on the spindle housing and threadedly connected to the spindle housing for positioning the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing, and the driven gear being engaged with the driving gear on the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing.

6. The motor spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic abutment device includes several rectangular springs.

7. The motor spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving device includes a first driving component that drives the first air flotation gap adjustment component to adjust the air flotation gap and a second driving component that drives the second air flotation gap adjustment. The driven gear includes a first driven gear and a second driven gear, wherein the first driven gear is disposed on the side of the first conical shaft section; and the second driven gear is disposed on the side of the third conical shaft section. The first drive assembly includes a first motor bracket mounted on the spindle housing, a servo motor mounted on the first motor bracket, and a first drive gear mounted on the output end of the servo motor; The second drive assembly includes a second motor bracket mounted on the spindle housing, a servo motor mounted on the second motor bracket, and a second drive gear mounted on the output end of the servo motor.

8. The motor spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first drive assembly and the second drive assembly are alternately arranged on the spindle housing.

9. An electric motor, characterized in that: The motor spindle described in any one of claims 1-8 is used.

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