Gastropod-like flexible adjustable throttle porous static pressure gas bearing

Abstract

The application discloses a porous static pressure gas bearing with flexible controllable throttling restriction layer like snail gastropods. The control system of the bearing is composed of silica gel (1) mixed with iron powder, an iron core (7) and a coil (6) wound on the iron core. The iron core (7) is fixed on a bottom plate (5) by bolts, and there are 10 groups in total, and the winding coil (6) is led out by a wire outlet (8). By adjusting the change of voltage and current, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet attracts the iron powder particles in the silica gel (1), so that the size and shape of the micropores of the silica gel (1) change to different degrees, thereby adjusting the gas output of the bearing and changing the permeability. Since the silica gel (1) is also a flexible material, after force deformation occurs during work, it will be slightly concave, can gather high-pressure gas, and increase the high-pressure area in the gas film. The electromagnetic system can also deform the flexible silica gel, which can further gather high-pressure gas and adjust the bearing performance. Meanwhile, the silica gel (1) as the restriction layer completely covers the irregular pressure equalizing cavities on the surface of the porous material (3), suppresses the air hammer effect, improves the stability, and also improves the throttling effect, so that the rigidity is increased. Through the application, the bearing permeability, gas film shape and load capacity can be adjusted in real time according to the work requirement, so that the bearing has good supporting capacity under any working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to hydrostatic gas bearings and provides a controllable, throttling porous hydrostatic gas bearing. It features a flexible, microporous silica gel confinement layer containing iron-doped powder, resembling a snail's foot. This confinement layer can be adjusted according to different needs by changing the voltage and current, thereby altering the internal magnetic field of the bearing and attracting iron powder within the silica gel. This, in turn, changes the size and shape of the silica gel micropores, ultimately achieving a hydrostatic gas bearing with real-time control over permeability and gas film shape. Simultaneously, because silica gel is a flexible material, it provides a certain degree of damping to the bearing. These combined features improve bearing performance. Background Technology

[0002] Porous materials contain thousands of tiny, irregular micropores, which give porous hydrostatic gas bearings a significant throttling effect. When external gas passes through the porous material and reaches the bearing surface, it forms a more stable load-bearing gas film. Compared to traditional hydrostatic bearings, porous bearings offer better load-bearing capacity and stiffness. However, once sintered, the size of the micropores within the porous material is irregular and uncontrollable. These irregular micropore structures resemble small-orifice throttling devices and can still be considered irregular pressure-equalizing cavities, inevitably leading to air hammer vibration. Current solutions involve coating the porous material surface with a confining layer with lower permeability to block the tiny pressure-equalizing cavities, reducing permeability and increasing the throttling effect to improve bearing stiffness and stability. However, on the one hand, the increased throttling effect requires the bearing to operate with a smaller gas film thickness to maintain high stiffness; on the other hand, reduced permeability weakens the gas supply to the load-bearing gas film, significantly reducing the bearing's load-bearing capacity when operating with a larger gas film thickness. In summary, the requirements for the surface machining precision of the bearing will ultimately be higher, and the bearing cannot provide sufficient load-bearing capacity when operating under atmospheric film thickness. Therefore, to address these issues, this patent, inspired by the characteristics of a snail's foot, proposes a special confinement layer that can control the size of surface pores and adjust the shape of the gas film. This allows the bearing to maintain a high throttling effect while accumulating more high-pressure gas, and the confinement layer also provides excellent damping to improve the bearing's stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To suppress the air hammer vibration phenomenon in porous mass hydrostatic gas bearings, compensate for the shortcomings of traditional confinement layers, and improve the bearing's support capacity under larger gas film thicknesses, this invention proposes a porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing with a flexible and controllable throttling confinement layer resembling a snail's foot, based on the characteristics and functions of a snail's foot.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention relates to a foot-like flexible controllable throttling porous hydrostatic gas bearing, characterized in that iron powder is incorporated into the flexible silicone as a limiting layer, and the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic control system inside the bearing housing acts on the silicone to adjust the size and shape of the micropores in the silicone in real time, thereby changing the bearing's permeability, gas film shape and load-bearing capacity.

[0006] The silicone is bonded to the porous material using a fixative adhesive.

[0007] The silicone is a flexible material with a certain damping effect, which can absorb the vibration of the bearing to a certain extent.

[0008] The porous material is bonded to the upper surface of the bearing housing using a fixing adhesive.

[0009] The upper surface of the bearing housing is machined with an annular groove and a connecting groove to make the gas entering the porous material more uniform.

[0010] The cross-sectional shape of the bearing housing can be circular, rectangular, or other shapes.

[0011] The electromagnetic control system consists of an iron core and copper wire coils.

[0012] The iron core is fixed to the chassis by bolts.

[0013] The cross-sectional area of ​​the iron core is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the groove at the bottom of the bearing housing cavity.

[0014] The upper part of the iron core extends beyond the bottom of the bearing housing cavity and is closer to the controlled silicone portion.

[0015] The cross-sectional shape of the iron core can be designed as circular, rectangular, or other shapes.

[0016] The iron core can be designed as one coil or multiple coils.

[0017] The number of core rings in each ring can be designed to be the same or different, but the core rings in each ring must be designed to be evenly distributed.

[0018] The diameter of each ring of the iron core can be designed to be the same or different.

[0019] The number of turns of the copper wire coil wound in each turn of the iron core can be the same or different.

[0020] The end of the iron core should be designed with a slot to prevent the copper wire coil from slipping off.

[0021] The bearing designed in this invention uses an electromagnetic control system to generate a magnetic field when energized, which acts on the iron powder particles in the silicone, thereby changing the size and shape of the micropores in the silicone confinement layer. This allows for real-time adjustment of the bearing's permeability, stability, and support capacity according to different working conditions. At the same time, silicone is a flexible material that can deform and can accumulate high-pressure gas, increasing the high-pressure area within the gas film. This gives the bearing good support performance even with a thick gas film and widens the maximum stiffness range, meeting the needs of ultra-precision machining.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are that the porous hydrostatic gas bearing of this invention can adjust the size and shape of the micropores in real time to change the permeability of the bearing; and the silicone, as a limiting layer, completely blocks the irregular pressure equalization cavity of the porous material, suppresses gas hammer vibration, improves bearing stability, and as a flexible material, it can provide a certain damping to absorb bearing vibration, deform to gather high-pressure gas and increase the high-pressure area of ​​the gas film, so that the bearing has good stability and support capacity under any working condition; at the same time, the electromagnetic control system can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of service life and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the porous hydrostatic gas bearing of the present invention. 1 is iron-doped silica gel, 2 is fixing adhesive, 3 is porous material, 4 is bearing housing, 5 is base, 6 is copper wire coil, 7 is iron core, 8 is lead-in port, 9 is annular groove, and 10 is connecting groove.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the porous hydrostatic gas bearing of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the porous hydrostatic gas bearing of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the porous hydrostatic gas bearing of the present invention, wherein the outer ring of one threaded hole is used to cooperate and fix with the bearing housing (4), and the inner two rings of threaded holes are used to cooperate and fix with two sets of a total of 10 iron cores (7).

[0027] Figure 5 This is a top view of the bearing housing of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the bearing housing of the present invention. Two grooves are machined at the bottom of the cavity for placing the iron core (7) so that the iron core (7) is closer to the silicone (1).

[0029] Figure 7 The top view of silicone (1) shows two rings of micro-holes. The center of the two rings of grooves in the bearing housing, the center of the iron core, the center of the two rings of threaded holes in the chassis, and the center of the two rings of micro-holes in the silicone are all on the same vertical line.

[0030] Figure 8 The present invention provides an electromagnetic control system for a circular bearing, the electromagnetic control system comprising a copper wire coil (6) and an iron core (7).

[0031] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the core distribution of a rectangular bearing according to the present invention. The core is designed with two rings, including one inner ring and four outer rings.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the core distribution of a circular bearing according to the present invention. The core is designed with two rings, including six inner rings and six outer rings. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of an electromagnetic control system composed of a copper wire coil (6) and an iron core (7). By adjusting the size and shape of the micropores in the silicone (1) in real time through the magnetic field, the permeability and support capacity of the bearing can be changed to meet the needs under different working conditions, and the support capacity of the bearing under atmospheric film thickness can be improved, thus widening the maximum stiffness range.

[0036] Example 2.

[0037] This embodiment is similar in basic structure to Embodiment 1, except that the bearing housing cross-section is rectangular and the iron core cross-section is also rectangular. The iron core is distributed in two rings: one inner ring and four outer rings. Figure 7 As shown.

[0038] Example 3.

[0039] This embodiment is similar in basic structure to Embodiment 1, except that the distribution of the iron cores in this embodiment is different. There are six cores in both the inner and outer rings. The inner cores are offset from the outer cores by a 15° angle, and the diameter of the inner core is smaller than that of the outer core. Figure 8 As shown.

[0040] The specific embodiments listed above are for better illustration of the structural principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can modify the bearing shape, number of iron cores, distribution of iron cores, size of iron cores, number of coil turns, etc., but without departing from the core principle of the present invention or the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing, characterized in that: Iron powder particles are mixed into the silica gel (1); the silica gel (1) and the porous material (3) are connected by the connecting structure (2), and the porous material (3) is connected to the bearing housing (4) by the connecting structure (2). The porous material (3) is located between the silica gel (1) and the bearing housing (4); the electromagnetic control system of the bearing design consists of a copper wire coil (6) and an iron core (7); the chassis (5) is connected to the iron core (7) and the bearing housing (4) by bolts; the copper wire coil (6) wound on the iron core (7) is led out from the lead-in port (8); the upper surface of the bearing housing (4) is machined with an annular groove (9) and a connecting groove (10) to make the air supply more uniform.

2. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting structure (2) is a fixing adhesive.

3. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: After passing through the porous material (3), the gas enters the gas film through the micropores in the silica gel (1), so the silica gel (1) acts as a confinement layer.

4. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Silicone (1) is doped with iron powder, which can deform to different degrees under the action of a magnetic field to change its stiffness and the shape of the air film, thereby adjusting the bearing performance.

5. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Silicone (1) is flexible and can deform to varying degrees under the action of the air film field to adapt to the support conditions.

6. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micropores in silica gel (1) change in pore size under the influence of magnetic field and gas film field as the silica gel deforms, thereby changing the permeability and forming different throttling effects.

7. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the bearing housing (4) is circular or rectangular.

8. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core (7) is designed to have one or more turns.

9. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of iron cores (7) in each ring is the same or different, and the iron cores (7) in each ring are evenly distributed.

10. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of each ring of iron core (7) may be the same or different.

11. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of turns of the copper wire coil (6) wound around each turn of the iron core (7) may be the same or different.

12. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the iron core (7) is circular or rectangular.

13. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the iron core (7) should be designed with a slot to prevent the copper wire coil (6) from slipping off.

14. The porous mass hydrostatic gas bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of each micropore of the silicone (1), each groove on the upper surface of the cavity of the bearing housing (4), each iron core (7), and each threaded hole in the inner two rings of the chassis (5) should be on the same vertical line.

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