Strut injection combustion chamber strut self-adjusting device

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of self-adjusting device of strut injection combustion chamber strut, belongs to the field of aerospace propulsion technology.When the high temperature zone of combustion is close to wall surface and far away from the center of flow passage, the wall surface temperature of combustion chamber will be higher, steam cavity absorbs heat and expands to push oil injection strut to rotate clockwise, so that oil injection is far away from the wall surface of combustion chamber, and high temperature combustion zone moves to the center of flow passage, to achieve the purpose of reducing the heat flow of combustion chamber wall surface;When the temperature of incoming air is lower and the flow rate is faster, the strut rotates to the state close to wall surface, the oil injection position is close to wall surface, the flow rate in the near-wall surface area is slower, and it is easy to burn.If the combustion chamber has a concave cavity structure, the fuel is more easily rolled into the concave cavity and burned in the concave cavity, to achieve stable flame.The present application is used to automatically adjust the fuel injection position of strut injection type combustion chamber of aero-engine, to achieve the purpose of automatically controlling the distribution of combustion zone and adjusting the wall surface heat flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an automatic adjustment device for the position of the fuel injection support plate in a support plate injection combustion chamber, belonging to the field of aerospace propulsion technology. It is mainly used to realize the automatic adjustment of the fuel injection position in aero-engine support plate injection combustion chambers, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically controlling the distribution of the combustion zone and adjusting the heat flow of the wall. Background Technology

[0002] In the future, air-breathing engines should have good thrust performance over a wider operating range, thus requiring the design of a high-performance combustor that operates under wide-range inflow conditions. However, the design concepts of combustors under low-speed and high-speed inflow conditions are contradictory in the following aspects: (1) At high speeds, wall cooling methods are limited. In addition to active or passive cooling of the wall, the flame needs to be stabilized closer to the center of the flow channel, i.e., the high-temperature combustion zone needs to be kept away from the wall. At low speeds, it is easier to use methods such as film cooling to reduce the heat flow of the wall, and the constraints on the flame position are smaller. (2) At low speeds, the combustor tends to make full use of the cavity backflow effect to establish a low-speed zone to stabilize the flame. This requires fuel injection near the wall upstream of the cavity. At high speeds, the flame is easy to stably and continuously burn due to the higher temperature of the incoming air, and the requirements for flame stabilization in the cavity are lower. However, due to the higher flow rate and air pressure, the fuel injection penetration depth is shallower, making it difficult to make full use of the combustion zone of the flow channel. Fuel needs to be injected as far as possible towards the center of the flow channel. Therefore, future wide-range combustion chambers should rationally adjust the flame stabilization position and control the wall heat flow according to the incoming flow conditions, so as to achieve the design requirements of wide-range high performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a fuel support plate self-adjusting device suitable for a support plate injection combustion chamber. This device automatically adjusts the angle of the fuel support plate using an actuating mechanism based on feedback from the combustion chamber wall heat flow, thereby changing the fuel injection area within the combustion chamber and achieving the purpose of regulating the temperature distribution within the combustion chamber. By automatically controlling the fuel injection position within the combustion chamber, it achieves functions such as flame stabilization, improved combustion efficiency, and reduced wall heat flow.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives and solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A self-adjusting device for a support plate injection combustion chamber, characterized in that it includes a combustion chamber 1, a steam chamber 2, a piston 3, a connecting rod 4, a fixed pulley 5, a pull wire 6, a support plate spring 7, a rotating wheel 8, a support plate 9, and an oil injection hole 10.

[0006] Combustion chamber 1 provides a place for fuel combustion; steam chamber 2 contains a small amount of evaporable medium, which is sealed in the steam chamber by piston 3, and piston 3 can move left and right a certain distance in the steam chamber; one end of connecting rod 4 is connected to piston 3, and the other end is connected to pull wire 6 and can move left and right a certain distance with piston 3; piston 3 can be pushed to the right by atmospheric pressure under the condition that the gas evaporation in steam chamber 2 is insufficient and the gas pressure is low, so as to achieve the return to its original position;

[0007] The fixed pulley 5 is used to change the direction of the tension in the pull wire 6; the support spring 7 connects the pull wire 6 and the end of the support plate 9, provides elastic force to the support plate 9, and is also used to convert the work of the pull wire 6 into elastic potential energy.

[0008] The rotating wheel 8 fixes the support plate 9 to the combustion chamber wall, while allowing the support plate 9 to rotate around the rotating wheel 8 at a certain angle;

[0009] Fuel injection holes 10 are drilled on fuel support plate 9. The number of holes is variable and the arrangement of their positions can be adjusted. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through fuel injection holes 10.

[0010] Furthermore, it includes a connecting rod spring 11, which is used to store and release potential energy; one end of the connecting rod 4 is connected to the piston 3, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod spring 11 and the pull wire 6, and can move left and right a certain distance with the piston 3.

[0011] Furthermore, the steam medium in the steam chamber 2 is water, alcohol, or fluorinated and chlorinated compounds. When using different media, the amount of evaporating medium and the strength of the support spring 7 or connecting rod spring 11 need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of fuel injection support plates 9 is not limited, and several can be installed circumferentially along the wall of the combustion chamber 1.

[0013] Furthermore, the combustion chamber 1 is not limited to a single concave cavity combustion chamber, but can also be a double concave cavity configuration or a non-concave cavity configuration.

[0014] Furthermore, the shape of the combustion chamber 1 flow channel is not limited, and can be a circular channel, a rectangular channel, or other types of variable geometry channels.

[0015] Furthermore, the layout of the oil injection holes 10 can be adjusted, and the number, diameter, and position of the oil injection holes can all be set according to requirements.

[0016] Furthermore, the fuel type of the support plate injection combustion chamber can be designed to be any injectable hydrocarbon fuel according to the combustion organization requirements.

[0017] Furthermore, the fuel for the support plate injection combustion chamber is hydrogen, kerosene, or methane.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) When the temperature of the incoming flow in the combustion chamber is low or the flow velocity is high, the flame in the center of the flow channel is easily extinguished. This invention adjusts the angle of the support plate to bring the fuel injection position closer to the wall, allowing some fuel to be entrained into the concave cavity recirculation zone, thereby achieving the effect of stabilizing flame combustion;

[0020] (2) When the core area of ​​combustion is close to the wall, resulting in a high heat flow on the wall and a risk of burning the combustion chamber wall, the actuation mechanism of this invention can adjust the fuel injection position to make the main injection position away from the wall, thereby keeping the high-temperature area of ​​combustion away from the wall and reducing the heat flow on the combustion chamber wall.

[0021] (3) This invention can be used in subsonic ramjet engines, scramjet engines, dual-mode ramjet engines, turbine-based ramjet combined engines, rocket-based ramjet combined engines, and other types of engines with support plate oil injection combustion chambers. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the self-adjusting device for the support plate of the injection combustion chamber in the contracted state of the steam chamber 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the self-adjusting device for the support plate of the combustion chamber under the expansion state of the steam chamber 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the second scheme of the self-adjusting device for the support plate of the injection combustion chamber of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1-combustion chamber, 2-steam chamber, 3-piston, 4-connecting rod, 5-fixed pulley, 6-pull cable, 7-leaf spring, 8-rotor, 9-support plate, 10-oil injection hole, 11-connecting rod spring Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] This invention provides an automatic adjustment device for the position of the fuel injection support plate in a fuel injection combustion chamber. The introduction of this device can solve the problem of adjusting the stable position of the flame and controlling the heat flow on the wall in a wide-area fuel injection combustion chamber according to the incoming flow conditions, thereby achieving wide-area high performance. The technical idea of ​​this invention is as follows: (1) When the high-temperature combustion zone is close to the wall and far from the center of the flow channel, the temperature of the combustion chamber wall will be high. The steam chamber absorbs heat and expands, pushing the fuel injection support plate to rotate clockwise, so that the fuel injection is far away from the combustion chamber wall, and the high-temperature combustion zone moves towards the center of the flow channel, thereby reducing the heat flow on the combustion chamber wall; (2) When the incoming air temperature is low and the flow rate is fast, the support plate rotates to a state close to the wall, the fuel injection position is close to the wall, the flow rate in the near-wall area is slow, the temperature is high, and it is easy to burn. If the combustion chamber has a concave cavity structure, the fuel is more easily entrained into the concave cavity and burned in the concave cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of flame stabilization.

[0028] Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a self-adjusting device for a support plate injection combustion chamber. The main components of this configuration include: combustion chamber 1, steam chamber 2, piston 3, connecting rod 4, fixed pulley 5, pull wire 6, support plate spring 7, rotating wheel 8, support plate 9, oil injection hole 10, and connecting rod spring 11.

[0029] Appendix Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the second scheme of the self-adjusting device for the support plate of the injection combustion chamber provided for the implementation of the present invention is shown. The difference between the second and the first scheme is that there is no connecting rod spring 11.

[0030] The connections between the components are as follows: Combustion chamber 1 provides a space for fuel combustion. Steam chamber 2 contains a small amount of evaporable medium, which is sealed within the steam chamber by piston 3. Piston 3 can move left and right a certain distance within the steam chamber. Connecting rod 4 connects piston 3 at one end and connecting rod spring 11 and cable 6 at the other end, and can move left and right a certain distance with piston 3. Fixed pulley 5 changes the direction of the tension in cable 6. Support plate spring 7 connects cable 6 and the end of support plate 9, providing elasticity to the support plate and also converting the work done by the cable into elastic potential energy. Rotating wheel 8 fixes support plate 9 to the combustion chamber wall and allows support plate 9 to rotate around rotating wheel 8 at a certain angle. Fuel injection holes 10 are drilled on fuel support plate 9; their number and position are adjustable, and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through fuel injection holes 10. Connecting rod spring 11 mainly stores and releases potential energy, but it is not a necessary component. During device debugging, this component can be removed, thus forming an auxiliary component. Figure 3 Option 2. After removing the connecting rod spring 11, the piston 3 can be pushed to the right by atmospheric pressure under the condition that the gas evaporation in the steam chamber 2 is insufficient and the gas pressure is low, thus achieving the original position.

[0031] Compared to existing technologies, which require the installation of measurement systems, control systems, and actuating mechanisms to adjust the injection position, resulting in numerous combustion chamber components, increased weight, and more complex control strategies, this invention utilizes feedback from wall heat flow and employs steam-driven rotation of the injection support plate to achieve simple and efficient automatic adjustment of the fuel injection position, simplifying the combustion chamber structure and control strategy.

[0032] This invention provides a fuel injection support plate self-adjusting device suitable for injection-type combustion chambers. Its function is to adjust the fuel injection position according to the combustion organization requirements of the combustion chamber, so as to achieve the goals of flame stabilization, high-temperature combustion zone adjustment and prevention of excessive heat flow on the wall surface.

[0033] When the incoming air temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber are low, such as at a flight speed of Mach 3, the total temperature of the incoming air is around 600K, and the flow velocity in the central region of the flow channel is typically greater than Mach 0.2. Stable combustion becomes increasingly difficult closer to the center of the flow channel. Under these conditions, the combustion chamber wall temperature is relatively low. Through prior adjustments, the evaporation rate of the evaporating medium in steam chamber 2 is low, insufficient to push piston 3 to the left position, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown, the connecting rod spring 11 is not compressed, the support plate spring 7 is not stretched, and the injection support plate 9 is close to the wall of the combustion chamber 1. At this time, the injected fuel is close to the wall, and some of the fuel will be drawn into the concave cavity. The flow rate in the concave cavity is low, and the flame is easier to continue burning, thereby achieving the purpose of stable combustion.

[0034] As the flight Mach number gradually increases to above Mach 4, the total temperature of the incoming air exceeds 890K, and the temperature of the combustion chamber 1 wall also increases significantly, leading to increased heat flux. If the combustion chamber 1 wall remains under high heat flux for an extended period, it is easily eroded, resulting in irreversible damage to the combustion chamber 1 structure. With the increase in heat flux on the combustion chamber 1 wall, the evaporating medium in the steam chamber 2 begins to evaporate in large quantities, causing the gas pressure in the steam chamber 2 to rise. This pushes the piston 3 and connecting rod 4 to move to the left, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 2As shown. The leftward-moving connecting rod 4 compresses the connecting rod spring 11, putting it in a compressed state, and simultaneously pulls the pull cable 6. After passing through the fixed pulley 5, the pull cable 6 pulls the support plate 9 to rotate clockwise, while simultaneously stretching the support plate spring 9, putting it in a stretched state. After the support plate 9 rotates clockwise, the fuel injection position is adjusted to be close to the center of the flow channel. Due to the increased temperature of the incoming air, the fuel is easier to burn, and the fuel injected into the flow channel is also easier to burn continuously over a large area. After the fuel injection area is changed to be concentrated in the area close to the center of the flow channel, on the one hand, the high-temperature combustion zone is kept away from the wall of the combustion chamber 1, preventing the wall of the combustion chamber 1 from being burned; on the other hand, the fuel and air are mixed more thoroughly, improving combustion efficiency; and on the other hand, the fuel is injected into the center area of ​​the flow channel with the fastest flow velocity, expanding the combustion zone, making full use of oxygen at all positions, making the combustion distribution more uniform, and reducing the non-uniformity of the gas temperature distribution at the flow channel outlet.

[0035] When the combustion chamber temperature approaches the highest point of the design value, such as when the flight speed is high and hydrogen is used as fuel, the evaporation rate of the evaporating medium in the steam chamber 2 reaches its maximum under this condition. This pushes the piston to the leftmost end of the steam chamber 2, the connecting rod spring 11 reaches its maximum compression state, the support plate spring 9 reaches its maximum extension state, and the support plate 9 rotates clockwise to be close to the vertical wall of the combustion chamber 1.

[0036] As the flight speed decreases and the temperature and pressure of the incoming air drop to a certain level, the combustion instability in combustion chamber 1 becomes more pronounced. If fuel is injected near the center of the flow channel, it is easily extinguished. At this time, as the heat flow on the wall of combustion chamber 1 decreases, the evaporation rate of the vapor medium in the vapor chamber 2 decreases, and the pressure inside the chamber decreases. Under the thrust of the connecting rod spring 11 and atmospheric pressure, the connecting rod 4 and piston 3 are pushed into the vapor chamber 2. Simultaneously, under the contraction force of the support plate spring 7, the support plate 9 is pulled to rotate counterclockwise, and the fuel injection position is once again close to the wall. Part of the fuel near the wall will be drawn into the concave cavity of combustion chamber 1. Due to the lower flow velocity in the concave cavity, the flame is easier to maintain. Thus, this change in fuel injection angle achieves the purpose of flame stabilization. As the piston moves to the right, the pressure in the vapor chamber 2 rises again, the thrust of the connecting rod spring 11 decreases, and the forces on both sides of piston 3 reach a new equilibrium. The heat flow to the wall of combustion chamber 1 increases or decreases again, and the actuation mechanism will automatically make new adjustments according to the wall heat flow.

[0037] The arrangement of the leaf spring 7 and the connecting rod spring 11 in this invention can have various forms. During implementation, both leaf spring 7 and connecting rod spring 11 can be installed, or only leaf spring 7 can be installed without connecting rod spring 11, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown, Scheme 2 of the self-adjusting device for the support plate of the injection combustion chamber is illustrated. If only the support plate spring 7 is installed, the length, installation position, and stiffness coefficient of the support plate spring 7 need to be redesigned during implementation.

[0038] The steam medium in the steam chamber 2 of this invention can be selected from various types, such as water, alcohols, and fluorinated / chlorinated compounds. When using different media, the amount of evaporating medium, the strength of the connecting rod spring 11, and the support spring 7 need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0039] The number of fuel injection support plates 9 in this invention is not limited, and several plates can be installed circumferentially along the wall of the combustion chamber 1;

[0040] The combustion chamber 1 of the present invention is not limited to a single concave cavity combustion chamber, but can also be a non-concave cavity configuration, which is commonly found in afterburner combustion chambers of aero engines or afterburner chambers of new concept aerospace engines; it can also be a double concave cavity configuration, which is commonly found in dual-mode ramjet engines.

[0041] The shape of the flow channel in the combustion chamber 1 involved in this invention is not limited; it can be a circular channel, a rectangular channel, or other types of variable geometry channels.

[0042] The layout of the oil injection holes 10 involved in this invention is adjustable, and the number, diameter and position of the oil injection holes can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0043] The fuel type involved in this invention is not limited to a specific fuel. It can be designed as any injectable fuel, such as hydrogen, kerosene, methane and other hydrocarbon fuels, according to the combustion organization requirements.

[0044] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a support plate injection combustion chamber, characterized in that, It includes a combustion chamber (1), a steam chamber (2), a piston (3), a connecting rod (4), a fixed pulley (5), a pull wire (6), a leaf spring (7), a rotating wheel (8), a support plate (9), and an oil injection hole (10). The combustion chamber (1) provides a place for fuel combustion; the steam chamber (2) contains a small amount of evaporable medium, which is sealed in the steam chamber by the piston (3). The piston (3) can move a certain distance left and right in the steam chamber; one end of the connecting rod (4) is connected to the piston (3), and the other end is connected to the pull wire (6) and can move a certain distance left and right with the piston (3); the piston (3) can be pushed to the right by atmospheric pressure under the condition that the gas evaporation in the steam chamber (2) is insufficient and the gas pressure is low, so as to restore its position. The fixed pulley (5) is used to change the direction of the tension of the pull wire (6); the support plate spring (7) connects the pull wire (6) and the end of the support plate (9), provides elastic force to the support plate (9), and is also used to convert the work of the pull wire (6) into elastic potential energy; The rotating wheel (8) fixes the support plate (9) to the combustion chamber wall, while allowing the support plate (9) to rotate around the rotating wheel (8) at a certain angle; The oil injection hole (10) is drilled on the support plate (9), and the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through the oil injection hole (10); When the high-temperature combustion zone is close to the wall and far from the center of the flow channel, the temperature of the combustion chamber wall is high. The steam chamber absorbs heat and expands, pushing the support plate (9) to rotate clockwise. By adjusting the angle of the support plate, the oil injection is moved away from the combustion chamber wall, allowing the high-temperature combustion zone to move towards the center of the flow channel, thus reducing the heat flow of the combustion chamber wall. When the incoming air temperature is low and the flow rate is high, the support plate (9) is rotated to a state close to the wall by adjusting the angle of the support plate. The oil injection position is close to the wall, so that some fuel is entrained into the cavity recirculation area, which is easy to burn and achieve flame stabilization. The number of fuel injection support plates (9) is not limited, and several can be installed circumferentially along the wall of the combustion chamber (1).

2. The self-adjusting device for the support plate of the injection combustion chamber as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting rod spring (11), which is used to store and release potential energy; one end of the connecting rod (4) is connected to the piston (3), and the other end is connected to the connecting rod spring (11) and the pull wire (6), and can move left and right a certain distance with the piston (3).

3. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The steam medium in the steam chamber (2) is water, alcohol, or fluorinated and chlorinated compounds. When using different media, the amount of evaporating medium and the strength of the support spring (7) or connecting rod spring (11) need to be adjusted accordingly.

4. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (1) is not limited to a single concave cavity combustion chamber, but can also be a double concave cavity configuration or a non-concave cavity configuration.

5. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The shape of the flow channel in the combustion chamber (1) is not limited; it can be a circular channel, a rectangular channel, or other types of variable geometry channels.

6. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The layout of the oil injection holes (10) can be adjusted, and the number, diameter and position of the oil injection holes can be set according to requirements.

7. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fuel type of the support plate injection combustion chamber can be designed to be any injectable hydrocarbon fuel according to the combustion organization requirements.

8. A self-adjusting device for the support plate of a combustion chamber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fuel for the support plate injection combustion chamber is hydrogen, kerosene, or methane.

Images