A rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model and its construction method

Abstract

A rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model includes a perimeter wall of a test site model. The perimeter wall contains a positioning grid, and several cross-shaped cross panels are installed on the positioning grid. The cross-shaped cross panels are fixed together with connecting nails and installed according to the positioning grid. Each model cell of the cross-shaped cross panel contains supporting material, and the surface of the model cell is shaped using several low-temperature thermoplastic sheets. A method for rapidly assembling a three-dimensional geological model based on grid cross panels to control the terrain includes dividing the positioning grid, assembling prefabricated cross-shaped cross panels according to numbers, fixing the grid model with nails, filling the grid with lightweight supporting material, and shaping the surface with low-temperature thermoplastic sheets. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of slow production speed, low accuracy, and high manpower consumption in three-dimensional geological model production. It solves the problems of rapid assembly and molding of large-scale physical geological models for test sites and high-precision rapid installation of models with complex terrain conditions. It has a simple structure, saves materials, and has high accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of three-dimensional geological modeling technology, and in particular to a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] To study the hazards of geological hazard chains such as landslide surges, landslide dams, and landslide debris flows under reservoir canyon topographic conditions, and to clarify the chain-driven disaster mechanism of hazard chains, the original canyon topography is usually scaled down to a certain scale. Under the conditions of geometric similarity, physical similarity, and material similarity, a large-scale three-dimensional geological model is constructed in the test field to conduct physical model tests, simulating landslide movement, wave generation, and surge propagation, in order to monitor the laws of water flow path, surge rise, etc., and to estimate the evolution process and risks of geological hazard chains under actual geological conditions.

[0003] Currently, most 3D geological model creation is based on numerical simulation, leading to the development of spatial modeling methods. These methods utilize 3D modeling software such as GIS, BIM, and Rhino, employing techniques like triangular mesh generation, triangular mesh surface model construction, 3D triangular mesh solidification, and the delineation and connection of geological body boundaries to create 3D geological models. However, these methods rely solely on network model construction and are only suitable for numerical calculations. The resulting models have low surface accuracy, failing to accurately represent detailed topographic features, and, more importantly, fall short of creating truly realistic geological models.

[0004] The most direct method for converting network models into realistic geological models is 3D printing-based geological model creation. However, creating a 3D network model requires 3D architectural printers and specialized software, along with specialized 3D printed concrete and dry-mixed mortar, making the process complex. Rapidly prototyping of terrain accuracy and surface quality cannot meet engineering requirements, and the equipment is expensive, suitable only for small-scale site construction. It is technically demanding and has a high overall cost. Therefore, various river model creation devices have emerged, hoping to reduce labor costs through mechanized equipment. However, the manufacturing process of these devices remains complex, posing a significant hurdle to practical application, and they cannot achieve rapid construction.

[0005] Given the various problems with the methods mentioned above, the cross-section method is most commonly used in geological model creation. The river channel topography is acquired in the software, and cross-sections are selected in the direction perpendicular to the river flow. The elevation coordinates of the highest point of the cross-section and its horizontal coordinates relative to the bank endpoints are recorded. Multiple coordinate sets form a cross-sectional curve, which represents the geological undulations of the river channel at this cross-section. Multiple cross-sections are combined to form a three-dimensional river channel topography in the software. The selected cross-sectional coordinates are scaled according to the required model scale to form the required three-dimensional model size for the test site. The cross-sections are then placed according to their converted coordinates. The spacing between each cross-section within the test site is determined based on the required model accuracy.

[0006] In existing geological model tests, the elevation of each cross-section of the model is first extracted. Then, measurements are taken and drawn on plywood cross-section panels. These panels are then cut manually or mechanically to create boards with specific elevations and shapes. Next, surveying and layout are performed, and the prepared cross-section panels are placed in sequence. The sides of the panels are filled with sand and soil to stabilize them and prevent tilting. The cross-section panels are then placed sequentially. This method has significant drawbacks: 1. Low precision. When placing the cross-section panels, due to their relatively large length and width, it is impossible to determine whether they are perpendicular to the ground based on the layout lines. Furthermore, when filling the space between the two cross-section panels with soil, the pressure of the soil and insufficient compaction of the soil underneath can cause the cross-section panels to tilt. 2. Misalignment is likely to occur. When constructing a large model test site, a large number of panels are usually required, and if they are not properly numbered, they are likely to be misaligned during placement. 3. The backfilling speed is slow. Each panel needs to be installed one by one, and simultaneous splicing is not possible. During installation, manual backfilling is required to fix the panels, which cannot be mechanized. This results in high time costs and fails to meet the requirements for rapid mold making. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model and its construction method, so as to solve the problems of rapid assembly and molding of large physical geological models in test sites and high-precision rapid installation of models with complex terrain conditions.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model, including a test site model perimeter wall, a positioning grid is set in the model perimeter wall, a number of cross-shaped panels are installed on the positioning grid, the cross-shaped panels are fixed together by connecting nails and installed according to the positioning grid, each model cell of the cross-shaped panel is installed with supporting material, and the surface of the model cell is shaped by a number of low-temperature thermoplastic boards.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning grid is provided with coordinate axes, which include several horizontal rows and vertical columns. The horizontal rows and vertical columns intersect to form several coordinate grids. The row ends of the horizontal rows are labeled with row numbers, and the column ends of the vertical columns are labeled with column numbers.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped panel includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate. The upper part of the horizontal plate is provided with a slot, and the lower part of the vertical plate is provided with a slot. The horizontal plate and the vertical plate are interlocked to be flush with the bottom surfaces of the two plates to form a cross-shaped panel. Several cross-shaped panels are connected and fixed by connecting nails to form several model grids.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped panel is made of plywood with a thickness of 5-8mm. The top sections of the horizontal and vertical panels are curved, while the other sections are flat. The mounting positions of the horizontal and vertical panels are the apex positions of the curved surfaces. The depth of the mounting groove is half the height of the apex of the curved surface, and the width is 0.2-0.4mm greater than the thickness of the vertical panel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the supporting material comprises EPS (polystyrene foam) solid foam, which is a flat hexahedron that fills the lower part of the model grid. The height of the solid foam is level with the lowest point of the arc surface of the cross section panel. The upper arc surface is filled with EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles and then several low-temperature thermoplastic boards are laid and shaped.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the low-temperature thermoplastic board is fixed to the model surface formed by the lower EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles and the cross-shaped panel arc surface using a strong adhesive, and the low-temperature thermoplastic boards are connected by brushing polyurethane coating adhesive.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped cross panel is numbered in the format MNP, and marked at the four corners of the cross-shaped cross panel. M is the row number of the cross-shaped cross panel in the model site, N is the column number of the cross-shaped cross panel in the model site, and P is the code of the four corners of the cross-shaped cross panel, marked U, D, L, and R respectively according to the front, back, left, and right.

[0015] In the preferred embodiment, both the coordinate grid and the model grid are square and the same size. During installation, they are aligned one by one according to their numbers, with the horizontal and vertical axes on a straight line, and the bottom surface of the model grid is flush with the coordinate grid surface.

[0016] The method for constructing a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model using any of the above-mentioned methods includes the following steps: Step 1: Extract cross-sections and longitudinal sections from the canyon river topography data to obtain elevation and horizontal position coordinate information. Then, based on the model scale, perform horizontal and vertical data conversion to obtain the test field model data. Step 2: Based on the contour map area of ​​the river channel, divide the river channel into square grids at equal intervals along the X and Y axes. The side length is equal to half the length of the horizontal or vertical plate of the cross section. Obtain the X and Y axis elevation of each cross section, for a total of n sections, where n is the total number of grid points. Step 3: Input all elevation data into the CNC laser cutting machine, use the laser to cut into n cross-shaped panels with specific elevations and grooves, and use the laser to mark each corner of each panel with numbers. Step 4: Based on the contour lines of the riverbed and the scaling scale of the proposed model, construct the perimeter wall of the geological model. Step 5: Divide the positioning grid. Use the ink line to mark the positioning grid on the inner wall of the model in the test site, and mark the row number at the end of the horizontal row and the column number at the end of the vertical column. Step 6: Construct cross-shaped panels. Assemble cross-shaped panels according to the numbers on the horizontal and vertical panels. Then arrange the cross-shaped panels on the positioning grid according to the numbers. The arrangement of each row and column of the site can be carried out simultaneously. Step 7: Fix the model grid. Use a nail gun to fix the four sides of each adjacent cross section panel with connecting nails, so that the entire model is connected into a whole. Each row of the site can be fixed at the same time. Step 8: Fill with support material. In the model mesh of the cross section panel, first fill with pre-made height EPS solid foam, with the height level with the lowest point of the cross section panel's arc surface. Fill the curved surfaces with EPS foam particles. When filling the EPS foam particles in the steep curved areas of the model, you can spray strong glue to fix them. Step 9: Attaching and shaping the outer skin. First, heat and soften the low-temperature thermoplastic board in a constant temperature water tank at 60℃~70℃. Then, spray strong adhesive onto the model surface formed by the EPS foam particles and the cross-section panel arc surface. Next, lay the softened low-temperature thermoplastic board on the model surface. The low-temperature thermoplastic board is connected to the lower model with strong adhesive, and polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed between the low-temperature thermoplastic boards for connection.

[0017] The present invention provides a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model and its construction method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a ten-field panel as the basis for prefabricated construction, which enables the simultaneous assembly of site models from multiple directions without the aid of expensive large-scale machinery. 2. The filling material of this invention uses EPS solid foam, which replaces the traditional sand filling and concrete plastering. It requires no curing and can reduce material and construction costs. 3. The surface shaping of this invention uses a low-temperature thermoplastic board, which is faster than manual concrete plastering when constructing large areas. 4. The rapid assembly method for creating three-dimensional geological models using grid-section panel control of terrain adopted in this invention has high accuracy, saves time, and is inexpensive, providing a rapid assembly solution for the creation of terrain models of large canyon landforms. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention before the skin shaping process; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped cross panel of the present invention installed at the test site; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the grid model of the test site for this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cross-shaped cross panel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the mutual fixing of the cross-shaped cross-section panels of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped cross panel of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal plate of the cross-shaped end panel of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mesh filling of a single model in the test site of this invention; In the diagram: 1. Positioning grid; 2. Coordinate axis; 3. Horizontal row; 4. Vertical column; 5. Cross section panel; 6. Horizontal plate; 7. Vertical plate; 8. Connecting nail; 9. EPS solid foam; 10. EPS foam particles; 11. Low temperature thermoplastic board; 12. Coordinate grid; 13. Model grid; 14. Model perimeter wall; 15. Supporting material. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-9 As shown, a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model includes a test site model perimeter wall 14, a positioning grid 1 is set in the model perimeter wall 14, a number of cross-shaped cross panels 5 are installed on the positioning grid 1, the cross-shaped cross panels 5 are fixed together by connecting nails 8 and are positioned and installed according to the positioning grid 1, each model cell of the cross-shaped cross panel 5 is installed with supporting material 15, and the surface of the model cell is shaped by a number of low temperature thermoplastic boards 11.

[0020] In this embodiment, the positioning grid 1 is provided with a coordinate axis 2, which includes several horizontal rows 3 and vertical columns 4. The horizontal rows 3 and vertical columns 4 intersect to form several coordinate grids 12. The row ends of the horizontal rows 3 are marked with row numbers, and the column ends of the vertical columns 4 are marked with column numbers. The cross-shaped panel 5 includes a horizontal plate 6 and a vertical plate 7. The upper part of the horizontal plate 6 is provided with a slot, and the lower part of the vertical plate 7 is provided with a slot. The horizontal plate 6 and the vertical plate 7 are snapped together to the bottom surface of the two plates and flat to form a cross-shaped panel 5. Several cross-shaped panels 5 are connected and fixed by connecting nails 8 to form several model grids 13. The cross-shaped panel 5 is made of plywood with a thickness of 5-8mm. The top sections of the horizontal panel 6 and the vertical panel 7 are curved, while the other sections are flat. The mounting positions of the horizontal panel 6 and the vertical panel 7 are the apex positions of the curved surfaces. The depth of the mounting groove is 1 / 2 of the height of the apex of the curved surface, and the width is 0.2-0.4mm greater than the thickness of the vertical panel. The supporting material 15 includes EPS (polystyrene foam) solid foam 9, which is a flat hexahedron that fills the lower part of the model grid 13. Its height is level with the lowest point of the arc surface of the cross section panel 5. The upper arc surface is filled with EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles 10 and then several low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11 are laid and shaped. The low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 is fixed to the model surface formed by the lower EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles 10 and the cross-section panel 5 using strong adhesive, and polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed between the low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11. The cross section panel 5 is numbered in the format MNP, and marked at the four corners of the cross section panel 5. M is the row number of the cross section panel 5 in the model site, N is the column number of the cross section panel 5 in the model site, and P is the code of the four corners of the cross section panel, marked U, D, L, and R respectively according to the front, back, left, and right. Both the coordinate grid 12 and the model grid 13 are squares of the same size. During installation, they are aligned one by one according to their numbers, with the horizontal and vertical directions on a straight line. The bottom surface of the model grid 13 is flush with the surface of the coordinate grid 12. When constructing the model, a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model as described above is used, and the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Extract cross-sections and longitudinal sections from the canyon river topography data to obtain elevation and horizontal position coordinate information. Then, based on the model scale, perform horizontal and vertical data conversion to obtain the test field model data. Step 2: Based on the contour map area of ​​the river channel, divide the river channel into square grids at equal intervals along the X and Y axes. The side length is equal to half the length of the cross section 5 horizontal plate 6 or vertical plate 7. Obtain the X and Y axis cross section elevations of each cross section, for a total of n sections, where n is the total number of grid points. Step 3: Input all elevation data into the CNC laser cutting machine, use the laser to cut into n pieces of specific elevation shape and cross-shaped panels 5 horizontal plates 6 and vertical plates 7 with slots, and use the laser to mark the corners of each plate. Step 4: Based on the contour lines of the riverbed and the scaling scale of the proposed model, construct the perimeter wall of the geological model (14). Step 5: Divide the positioning grid 1. Use the ink line to mark the positioning grid 1 on the inner wall of the model in the test site. Mark the row number at the end of the row 3 of the positioning grid 1 and the column number at the end of the column 4. Step 6: Construct cross-shaped cross panels 5. Assemble cross-shaped cross panels 5 according to the numbers on the horizontal panels 6 and vertical panels 7. Then arrange the cross-shaped cross panels 5 on the positioning grid 1 according to the numbers. The arrangement of each row and column of the site can be carried out simultaneously. Step 7: Fix the model grid 13, and use a nail gun to fix the four sides of each adjacent cross section panel (5) with connecting nails 8, so that the entire model is connected into a whole and each row of the site can be fixed at the same time. Step 8: Fill support material 15. In the model mesh 13 of the cross section panel 5, first fill with pre-made height Eps solid foam 9, the height of which is level with the low point of the arc surface of the cross section panel 5. Fill the curved surface with Eps foam particles 10. When filling the Eps foam particles 10 at the steep curved surface of the model, strong glue can be sprayed to fix them. Step 9: Attaching and shaping the outer skin. First, heat and soften the low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 in a constant temperature water tank at 60℃~70℃. Then, spray strong adhesive onto the model surface formed by the EPS foam particles 10 and the arc surface of the cross-section panel 5. Next, lay the softened low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 on the model surface. The low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 is connected to the lower model with strong adhesive, and polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed between the low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11 for connection.

[0021] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, refer to Appendix Figure 1 The low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 laid on the model surface is made of SBS (modified bitumen waterproof coating) roll material. The SBS roll material is laid directly on the model surface in a large area, adapting to the terrain of the model surface. In step 9 of the construction method, the surface is pasted and shaped. When laying, a layer of strong adhesive is sprayed on the model surface to make the model and the surface roll material stick together as a whole. A thick layer of polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed at the joint of the roll material to make the surface layer tightly connected and prevent water seepage from the gaps. This material is a flexible material with high elasticity and fatigue resistance, high temperature resistance and strong puncture resistance and tear resistance. Large-size roll material can be selected according to the total size of the site model to reduce the laying cross section and further improve the efficiency and accuracy of model construction.

[0022] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, refer to Appendix Figure 4In step 5 of the construction method, when dividing the positioning grid 1, a laser level is used for positioning assistance. The level emits two laser lines, one horizontal and one vertical. Construction workers simultaneously mark the horizontal and vertical directions to divide the positioning grid 1 lines. The row number is marked on the horizontal row 3 and the column number is marked on the vertical column 4 of the coordinate axis 2 boundary of the positioning grid 1. The grid is divided at equal intervals. When marking the next row and column, a tape measure can be used to measure and move the distance. This can quickly and accurately divide other grid lines on the site, further improving the efficiency and accuracy of dividing the positioning grid 1.

[0023] Example 4 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, refer to Appendix Figure 5 and 6 In the construction method, step 6 builds the cross-section panel 5 and step 6 fixes the model mesh 13. When constructing a large-scale site, the cross-section panels 5 are prefabricated in batches in the factory and assembled into a whole module of cross-section panels 5, which further improves the efficiency and accuracy of on-site model construction.

[0024] Example 5 In another preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiment 1, refer to Appendix Figure 9 In step 8 of the construction method, when filling the support material 15, when constructing a large area, small square blocks of EPS solid foam 9 of the same size are selected and the foam blocks are poured in batches into the filling squares between the cross-section panels 5. When filling the upper curved surface with EPS foam particles 10, glue is sprayed with a spray gun to make the foam particles have integrity, prevent them from loosening and sliding down the steep curved surface, improve the overall strength, and improve the efficiency of on-site model construction.

[0025] In the preferred embodiment, the positioning grid 1 is provided with coordinate axes 2, which include several rows 3 and columns 4. The rows 3 and columns 4 intersect to form several coordinate grids 12. The row ends of the rows 3 are marked with row numbers, and the column ends of the columns 4 are marked with column numbers. The setting of coordinate axes 2 and their numbers provides a reference and positioning point for the installation of the cross-shaped panel 5, which facilitates quick alignment and installation.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped panel 5 includes a horizontal plate 6 and a vertical plate 7. The upper part of the horizontal plate 6 is provided with a slot, and the lower part of the vertical plate 7 is provided with a slot. The horizontal plate 6 and the vertical plate 7 are interlocked to the bottom surface of the two plates and flat to form a cross-shaped panel 5. Several cross-shaped panels 5 are connected and fixed by connecting nails 8 to form several model grids 13. The setting of the slots, the flat bottom surface of the two plates, and the fixing method of the connecting nails 8 between the cross-shaped panels 5 further improves the positioning and installation efficiency of the cross-shaped panel 5.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped panel 5 is made of plywood with a thickness of 5-8mm. The top sections of the horizontal plate 6 and the vertical plate 7 are both curved, while the other sections are flat. The mounting positions of the horizontal plate 6 and the vertical plate 7 are the apex positions of the curved surfaces. The depth of the groove is half the height of the apex of the curved surface, and the width is 0.2-0.4mm greater than the thickness of the vertical plate. The setting of the thickness, groove depth, and width of the cross-shaped panel 5 further enhances the stability of the cross-shaped panel 5, laying a good foundation for the stable shaping of the three-dimensional geology in the later stage.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the support material 15 comprises EPS (polystyrene foam) solid foam 9, which is a flat hexahedron filled in the lower part of the model grid 13, with its height level with the lowest point of the arc surface of the cross section panel 5. The upper arc surface is filled with EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles 10, and then several low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11 are laid and shaped. The solid foam 9 and foam particles 10 are made of EPS (polystyrene foam), which ensures the stability of the model's shaped shape. The use of low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11 for shaped shaping improves the smoothness of the three-dimensional geological model surface, while saving labor and improving the efficiency of surface shaping.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the low-temperature thermoplastic board 11 is fixed to the model surface formed by the lower EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles 10 and the arc surface of the cross-section panel 5 using strong adhesive, and polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed between the low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11; the above settings further improve the smoothness and stability of the surface of the three-dimensional geological model.

[0030] In the preferred embodiment, the cross-shaped cross panel 5 is numbered in the format MNP, and marked at the four corners of the cross-shaped cross panel 5. M is the row number of the cross-shaped cross panel 5 in the model site, N is the column number of the cross-shaped cross panel 5 in the model site, and P is the code of the four corners of the cross-shaped cross panel, labeled U, D, L, and R respectively for front, back, left, and right. The above settings facilitate the rapid installation and accurate positioning of the cross-shaped cross panel 5, and further improve the accuracy of the model.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, both the coordinate grid 12 and the model grid 13 are square and the same size. During installation, they are aligned one by one according to their numbers, and are aligned horizontally and vertically on a straight line. The bottom surface of the model grid 13 is flush with the surface of the coordinate grid 12. The above settings further improve the accuracy of the three-dimensional geological model.

[0032] 5. In the preferred embodiment, the test site model perimeter wall 14 is provided with a positioning grid 1, and several cross-shaped cross panels 5 are installed on the positioning grid 1. The cross-shaped cross panels 5 are fixed together with connecting nails 8 and installed according to the positioning grid 1. Each model cell of the cross-shaped cross panel 5 is equipped with supporting material 15, and the surface of the model cell is shaped by several low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11. The above configuration provides a solution for the establishment of terrain models of large canyon topography. Without the aid of expensive large-scale equipment, the site model can be assembled into a three-dimensional geological model from multiple directions simultaneously. This realizes the rapid assembly of a three-dimensional geological model controlled by grid cross panels. During the production process, EPS (polystyrene foam) solid foam 9 and EPS (polystyrene foam) foam particles 10 and low-temperature thermoplastic boards 11 are used to replace traditional concrete filling and shaping, reducing construction costs, increasing precision, increasing assembly speed, saving materials, reducing costs, and eliminating the need for maintenance. This further improves the construction speed and accuracy of river engineering physical model experiments.

[0033] In summary, this invention uses a grid-section panel to control the terrain, enabling rapid assembly of three-dimensional geological models. It has significant guiding significance for the establishment of terrain models for large canyon landforms and for experiments on river engineering physical models. It saves materials and labor, has a fast construction speed, low production cost, high accuracy, low maintenance cost, and high promotion value, resulting in good economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model, including a test site model perimeter wall (14), characterized in that: A positioning grid (1) is set in the perimeter wall (14) of the model. Several cross-shaped cross panels (5) are installed on the positioning grid (1). The cross-shaped cross panels (5) are fixed together with connecting nails (8) and installed according to the positioning grid (1). Each model cell of the cross-shaped cross panel (5) is equipped with supporting material (15). The surface of the model cell is shaped with several low-temperature thermoplastic boards (11). The cross-shaped cross panel (5) includes a horizontal plate (6) and a vertical plate (7). The upper part of the horizontal plate (6) is provided with a slot, and the lower part of the vertical plate (7) is provided with a slot. The horizontal plate (6) and the vertical plate (7) are interlocked to the bottom surface of the two plates to form a cross-shaped cross panel (5). Several cross-shaped cross panels The plate (5) is connected and fixed by connecting nails (8) to form several model grids (13); the top cross section of the horizontal plate (6) and the vertical plate (7) are both arc surfaces, and the other cross sections are planes. The mounting position of the horizontal plate (6) and the vertical plate (7) is the vertex of the arc surface. The depth of the slot is 1 / 2 of the height of the arc surface vertex, and the width is greater than the thickness of the vertical plate (7); the support material (15) includes Eps solid foam (9). The Eps solid foam (9) is a flat hexahedron, which is filled in the lower part of the model grid (13). The height is level with the low point of the arc surface of the cross section plate (5). The upper arc surface is filled with Eps foam particles (10) and then several low temperature thermoplastic plates (11) are laid and shaped.

2. The rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning grid (1) is provided with coordinate axes (2), which include several horizontal rows (3) and vertical columns (4). The horizontal rows (3) and vertical columns (4) intersect to form several coordinate grids (12). The row ends of the horizontal rows (3) are marked with row numbers, and the column ends of the vertical columns (4) are marked with column numbers.

3. The rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coordinate grid (12) and the model grid (13) are both square and the same size. When installing, they are aligned one by one according to their numbers, and are in a straight line horizontally and vertically. The bottom surface of the model grid (13) is flat against the surface of the coordinate grid (12).

4. The rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped panel (5) is made of plywood with a thickness of 5-8mm.

5. A rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section panel (5) is numbered in the format MNP and marked at the four corners of the cross section panel (5). M is the row number of the cross section panel (5) in the model site, N is the column number of the cross section panel (5) in the model site, and P is the code of the four corners of the cross section panel. U, D, L, and R are marked on the front, back, left, and right sides respectively.

6. The rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature thermoplastic board (11) is fixed to the model surface formed by the lower EPS foam particles (10) and the cross-shaped panel (5) using strong adhesive, and polyurethane coating adhesive is brushed between the low-temperature thermoplastic boards (11).

7. A method for constructing a rapid assembly-type three-dimensional geological model, characterized in that, The method for constructing a three-dimensional geological model using a rapid assembly three-dimensional geological model as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 includes the following steps: Step 1: Extract cross-sections and longitudinal sections from the canyon river topography data to obtain elevation and horizontal position coordinate information. Then, based on the model scale, perform horizontal and vertical data conversion to obtain the test field model data. Step 2: Based on the contour map range of the river topography, divide the river topography into square grids at equal intervals along the X and Y axes. The side length is equal to half the length of the cross section (5) horizontal plate (6) or vertical plate (7). Obtain the X and Y axis cross section elevations of each cross section, for a total of n parts, where n is the total number of grid points. Step 3: Input all elevation data into the CNC laser cutting machine, use laser to cut into n pieces of specific elevation shape and cross-shaped cross panels (5), horizontal panels (6) and vertical panels (7) with slots, and use laser to mark the corners of each panel; Step 4: Based on the contour lines of the riverbed and the scaling scale of the proposed model, construct the perimeter wall of the geological model (14). Step 5: Divide the positioning grid (1), use the ink line to pop up the positioning grid (1) on the inner wall of the model in the test site, and mark the row number at the end of the horizontal row (3) of the positioning grid (1) and the column number at the end of the vertical column (4); Step 6: Construct cross-shaped cross panels (5), assemble them into cross-shaped cross panels (5) according to the numbers on the horizontal plates (6) and vertical plates (7), and then arrange the cross-shaped cross panels (5) on the positioning grid (1) according to the numbers. The arrangement of each row and column of the site can be carried out simultaneously. Step 7: Fix the model grid (13), and use a nail gun to fix the four sides of each adjacent cross section panel (5) with connecting nails (8) so that the entire model is connected into a whole. Each row of the site can be fixed at the same time. Step 8: Fill support material (15). In the model mesh (13) of the cross section panel (5), first fill with pre-made height Eps solid foam (9), the height is level with the low point of the arc surface of the cross section panel (5), fill the curved surface with Eps foam particles (10), and spray strong glue to fix the Eps foam particles (10) at the steep part of the model curved surface. Step 9: Attach the outer skin and shape it. First, heat the low temperature thermoplastic board (11) in a constant temperature water tank at 60℃~70℃ to soften it. Then, spray strong adhesive on the model surface formed by the Eps foam particles (10) and the cross-section panel (5). Then, lay the softened low temperature thermoplastic board (11) on the model surface. The low temperature thermoplastic board (11) is connected to the lower model by strong adhesive. The low temperature thermoplastic boards (11) are connected by brushing polyurethane coating adhesive.

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