A focusing device and method of a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head and a readable storage medium

Abstract

This invention discloses a focusing device, method, and readable storage medium for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, belonging to the field of laser cutting technology. The focusing device includes a QBH connector, a light guide tube, a motor drive assembly, and a ball screw transmission assembly. The QBH connector is fixedly installed above the light guide tube, which is fitted onto the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. The ball screw transmission assembly is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, and the light guide tube is slidably connected to the ball screw transmission assembly. The motor drive assembly is installed on the ball screw transmission assembly and is used to drive the light guide tube to move linearly along the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by driving the ball screw transmission assembly. This invention achieves automatic focusing of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by adjusting the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens, improving the cutting effect and stability of the cutting head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically to a focusing device, method, and readable storage medium for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting is a processing method that uses a high-power-density laser as a heat source. Through computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology, the workpiece is irradiated by the laser beam along a pre-designed cutting trajectory, causing the surface to melt, evaporate, or decompose to form a cut. Laser cutting is widely used in the manufacturing of automobiles, home appliances, and electronic products.

[0003] In laser cutting, focusing is a crucial step that directly affects the cutting effect on the workpiece. With the widespread application of 3D five-axis laser cutting machines, the focusing method of the 3D five-axis cutting head, as an important component of laser cutting machines, has become a necessary research topic.

[0004] Currently, traditional focusing methods for 3D five-axis cutting heads mainly rely on manual adjustment, which is cumbersome and makes it difficult to achieve high-precision, fast, and automatic focusing. With technological advancements, the application of electric drive devices is becoming increasingly widespread, and they also show promise in the field of optical focusing. However, existing 3D five-axis electric focusing methods still suffer from limited adjustment range, slow adjustment speed, and insufficient precision. Therefore, developing a novel focusing method to improve focusing efficiency and accuracy is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a focusing device, method, and readable storage medium for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. By adjusting the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens, the automatic focusing of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is achieved, thereby improving the cutting effect and stability of the cutting head.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides the following technical solution: a focusing device for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, comprising a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, on which a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is mounted; the focusing device is disposed on the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head and fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine; the focusing device includes: a QBH connector, a light guide tube, a motor drive assembly, and a ball screw transmission assembly. The QBH connector is fixedly installed above the light guide tube, which is fitted onto the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head; the ball screw transmission assembly is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, and the light guide tube is slidably connected to the ball screw transmission assembly; the motor drive assembly is mounted on the ball screw transmission assembly and is used to drive the light guide tube to move linearly along the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by driving the ball screw transmission assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the ball screw transmission assembly includes a slide rail and a screw. The slide rail is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, and a slide plate is provided on the slide rail. The screw is set along the slide rail and is connected to the motor drive assembly. A screw nut is fitted on the screw and is fixedly connected to the slide plate. The light guide tube is fixedly installed on the slide plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the motor drive assembly includes a servo motor and a reducer; the reducer is installed at the output end of the servo motor, and the output end of the reducer is connected to one end of the lead screw.

[0009] Furthermore, the focusing device also includes: a control unit and a position sensor, with the position sensor mounted on the servo motor; the control unit is connected to both the position sensor and the servo motor; the position sensor is used to monitor the position of the QBH connector in real time and send the corresponding position information to the control unit; the control unit is used to acquire the focal position information of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, combine it with the position information of the QBH connector to determine the target position of the QBH connector, generate a control signal and send it to the servo motor, and drive the slide plate to move so that the QBH connector moves to the target position.

[0010] Furthermore, the position sensor employs a servo motor encoder.

[0011] Furthermore, the output end of the reducer is connected to one end of the lead screw via a coupling.

[0012] Furthermore, a fixing seat is provided below the light guide tube, and the light guide tube is mounted on the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head through the fixing seat.

[0013] Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a focusing method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, wherein the method employs the focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head described in any of the preceding claims, and the method includes: Obtain the process number and focusing mode information; Retrieve the corresponding coking position from the database based on the process number; Obtain the current position of the QBH connector to determine the current position of the servo motor, and convert the focusing position into the target position of the servo motor; The adjustment amount of the servo motor is determined based on the current position and the target position of the servo motor; A control signal is generated based on the adjustment amount of the servo motor and sent to the servo motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the current position of the QBH connector to determine the current position of the servo motor and converting the focusing position into the target position of the servo motor includes: Read the position signal from the servo motor encoder to determine the current position of the servo motor; Based on the focusing position, the target position of the servo motor is calculated using the angle-radian conversion function.

[0015] Accordingly, the present invention discloses a readable storage medium storing a focusing program for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, wherein when the focusing program for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is executed by a processor, the focusing program for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head implements the steps of the focusing method for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head as described in any of the above claims.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses a focusing device, method, and readable storage medium for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. By employing a motor drive assembly and a ball screw transmission assembly, the position of the QBH cutting head can be adjusted quickly and accurately, thereby achieving high-precision, fast, and automatic focusing. Furthermore, this invention utilizes a control unit to receive user-inputted focus position information and, by reading the position of the servo motor encoder, can acquire the focus position information in real time. Based on this position information, a control signal is generated to achieve automatic focusing, improving the cutting effect and stability of the cutting head.

[0017] Compared to traditional photosensitive sensors and ultrasonic sensors, the method of acquiring position information using an encoder in this invention is faster, has almost zero delay, and is more accurate in position.

[0018] This invention achieves high-precision, fast, and automatic focusing, improving the stability of a 3D five-axis laser head. It is suitable for various 3D five-axis laser heads, such as those used for welding, cladding, and cutting. Compared to existing focusing methods using control focusing lenses, this invention results in a smaller lower section of the cutting head. For five-axis cutting heads, the swing axis is also lighter, leading to significant improvements in swing axis dynamics and cutting of parts in confined spaces.

[0019] Therefore, it is evident that the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress compared with the prior art, and the beneficial effects of its implementation are also obvious. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the focusing device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram, 1. QBH connector; 2. Light guide tube; 3. Slide rail; 4. Lead screw; 5. Slide plate; 6. Servo motor; 7. Reducer; 8. Coupling; 9. Fixing base; 10. Servo motor encoder; 11. Control unit; 12. Lead screw nut. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This embodiment provides a focusing device for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, including a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, on which a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is mounted. The focusing device is located on the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head and is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine.

[0028] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the focusing device of the 3D five-axis cutting head includes: a QBH connector 1, a light guide tube 2, a motor drive assembly, and a ball screw transmission assembly. The QBH connector 1 is fixedly installed above the light guide tube 2, and a fixing seat 9 is provided below the light guide tube 2. The light guide tube 2 is mounted on the slip ring of the 3D five-axis cutting head via the fixing seat 9. The ball screw transmission assembly is fixedly installed on the back plate of the 3D five-axis laser cutting machine, and the light guide tube 2 is slidably connected to the ball screw transmission assembly. The motor drive assembly is installed on the ball screw transmission assembly and is used to drive the light guide tube to move linearly along the slip ring of the 3D five-axis cutting head via the ball screw transmission assembly.

[0029] Specifically, the ball screw transmission assembly includes a slide rail 3 and a screw 4. The slide rail 3 is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, and a slide plate 5 is provided on the slide rail 3. The screw 4 is set along the slide rail 3 and is connected to the motor drive assembly. A screw nut 12 is fitted on the screw 4 and is fixedly connected to the slide plate 5. The light guide tube 2 is fixedly installed on the slide plate 5.

[0030] The motor drive assembly includes a servo motor 6 and a reducer 7. The reducer 7 is mounted on the output end of the servo motor 6, and the output end of the reducer 7 is connected to one end of the lead screw 4 via a coupling 8. The servo motor 6 is also equipped with a servo motor encoder 10 for real-time monitoring of the position of the QBH connector.

[0031] In addition, the focusing device of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head also includes a control unit 11 for receiving focus position information input by the user and adjusting the QBH connector by controlling the movement of the motor. The control unit 11 can be a PLC controller. Figure 2 As shown, the control unit 11 is connected to the servo motor encoder 10 and the servo motor 6 respectively. The servo motor encoder 10 is used to monitor the position of the QBH connector in real time and send the corresponding position information to the control unit 11.

[0032] The control unit 11 is used to acquire the focal position information of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, combine it with the position information of the QBH connector to determine the target position of the QBH connector, generate a control signal and send it to the servo motor 6, and drive the slide plate 5 to move through the servo motor 6 so that the QBH connector moves to the target position.

[0033] See Figure 3 As shown, the specific optical path principle of this device is as follows: Since the positions of the collimating lens and focusing lens of the 3D five-axis cutting head are fixed, the normal optical path is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in ①. (As indicated by...) Figure 3 As shown in Figure ②, by adjusting the distance between the QBH connector of the light source and the collimating lens, the light path through the collimating lens changes: as the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens decreases, the light passing through the collimating lens becomes divergent. This divergent light is then focused by the focusing lens, causing the focal point to shift downwards. For example... Figure 3 As shown in ③, the increased distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens causes the light passing through the collimating lens to become converging light. This converging light is then focused by the focusing lens, causing the focal point to shift upwards. As can be seen, the focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head provided by the present invention can achieve automatic focusing of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by adjusting the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens, thereby improving the cutting effect and stability of the cutting head.

[0034] See Figure 4 As shown, this invention also discloses a focusing method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, which employs the focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head described above. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1: Obtain process number and coking mode information.

[0035] The focusing modes include automatic and manual modes. When automatic mode is selected, proceed to the next step.

[0036] S2: Retrieve the corresponding coking position from the database based on the process number.

[0037] In this method, a table of process number information is pre-stored in a database. The process number information table includes the process corresponding to each process number and its focal point.

[0038] S3: Obtain the current position of the QBH connector to determine the current position of the servo motor, and convert the focusing position into the target position of the servo motor.

[0039] As an example, firstly, the position signal from the servo motor encoder is read to determine the current position of the servo motor. Then, based on the focusing position, the target position of the servo motor is calculated using an angle-to-radian conversion function.

[0040] S4: Determine the adjustment amount of the servo motor based on the current position and target position of the servo motor.

[0041] In a specific implementation, the adjustment amount of the servo motor can be determined based on the angle difference between the current position and the target position of the servo motor.

[0042] S5: Generates a control signal based on the adjustment amount of the servo motor and sends it to the servo motor.

[0043] In addition, it should be noted that the focusing method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head disclosed in this invention can be packaged into a focusing control program in the form of a PLC program and stored in the control system of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine.

[0044] The focusing control procedure is as follows: PROGRAM SERVO_AUTOFOCUS VAR servo_input: REAL; / / Input signal: Set position (unit: radians) servo_output: REAL; / / Output signal: Target position of the servo motor (unit: radians) servo_status: BOOL; / / Servo motor status: True indicates it is running, False indicates it is stopped. focus_mode: INT; / / Focus mode: 0 indicates manual mode, 1 indicates automatic mode process_num: INT; / / Current process number: 0 represents process 1, 1 represents process 2, and so on. focus_position: REAL; / / Focusing position for the current process BEGIN / / Initialization program servo_input := 0; servo_output := 0; servo_status := False; focus_mode := 0; / / Defaults to manual mode process_num := 0; / / Defaults to process 1 focus_position := 0; / / Defaults to the initial position / / Main program loop WHILE True DO / / Read input signal (set position) servo_input := GET_INPUT; / / Process accordingly based on the focusing mode IF focus_mode = 0 THEN / / Manual mode / / No autofocus operation, directly outputs the set position servo_output := servo_input; ELSE / / Automatic mode / / Obtain the corresponding focusing position based on the current process number IF process_num = 1 THEN focus_position := PROCESS1_FOCUS_POSITION; ELSE IF process_num = 2 THEN focus_position := PROCESS2_FOCUS_POSITION; ELSE IF process_num = 3 THEN focus_position := PROCESS3_FOCUS_POSITION; ELSE IF process_num = 4 THEN focus_position := PROCESS4_FOCUS_POSITION; ELSE / / process_num = 5 focus_position := PROCESS5_FOCUS_POSITION; END_IF; / / Convert the set position to the target position of the servo motor (assuming an angle-to-radian conversion function is used). servo_output := CONVERT_TO_RAD(servo_input); / / Calculate the adjustment amount of the servo motor based on the current position and the target position (assuming a PID controller is used). PID_CONTROL(servo_output, focus_position, servo_output); END_IF; / / Check the servo motor status; if it is stopped, start the servo motor. IF NOT servo_status THEN START_SERVO; END_IF; / / Send the target position of the servo motor to the servo driver SET_SERVO(servo_output); This invention also discloses a readable storage medium, which includes random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. The readable storage medium stores a focusing program for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the focusing method for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head described above.

[0045] In summary, this invention achieves automatic focusing of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by adjusting the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens, thereby improving the cutting effect and stability of the cutting head.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The methods disclosed in the embodiments are described simply because they correspond to the systems disclosed in the embodiments; relevant details can be found in the method section.

[0047] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0049] The focusing device, method, and readable storage medium of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A focusing device for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, characterized in that, The system includes a 3D five-axis laser cutting machine, which is equipped with a 3D five-axis cutting head; the focusing device is located on the 3D five-axis cutting head and is fixedly installed on the back plate of the 3D five-axis laser cutting machine; the focusing device includes: a QBH connector, a light guide tube, a motor drive assembly, and a ball screw transmission assembly; The QBH connector is fixedly installed above the light guide tube, which is fitted onto the slip ring of the 3D five-axis cutting head. The ball screw drive assembly is fixedly installed on the back plate of the 3D five-axis laser cutting machine, and the light guide tube is slidably connected to the ball screw drive assembly. The motor drive assembly is installed on the ball screw drive assembly and is used to drive the light guide tube to move linearly along the slip ring of the 3D five-axis cutting head by driving the ball screw drive assembly. The ball screw transmission assembly includes a slide rail and a screw. The slide rail is fixedly installed on the back plate of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine, and a slide plate is provided on the slide rail. The screw is arranged along the slide rail and is connected to the motor drive assembly. A screw nut is fitted on the screw and is fixedly connected to the slide plate. The light guide tube is fixedly mounted on the slide plate; The motor drive assembly includes: a servo motor and a reducer; the reducer is installed at the output end of the servo motor, and the output end of the reducer is connected to one end of the lead screw. The focusing device further includes: a control unit and a position sensor, wherein the position sensor is mounted on the servo motor; the control unit is connected to the position sensor and the servo motor respectively. A position sensor is used to monitor the position of the QBH connector in real time and send the corresponding position information to the control unit; The control unit is used to acquire the focal position information of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, combine it with the position information of the QBH connector to determine the target position of the QBH connector, generate a control signal and send it to the servo motor, and drive the slide plate to move so that the QBH connector moves to the target position. By adjusting the distance between the QBH connector of the light source and the collimating lens, the propagation state of the light beam entering the collimating lens changes. Specifically, when the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens decreases, the light beam entering the collimating lens becomes divergent, and the focal point shifts downward after passing through the focusing lens. When the distance between the QBH connector and the collimating lens increases, the light beam entering the collimating lens becomes constricted, and the focal point shifts upward after passing through the focusing lens.

2. The focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position sensor uses a servo motor encoder.

3. The focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the reducer is connected to one end of the lead screw via a coupling.

4. The focusing device for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed base is provided below the light guide tube, and the light guide tube is mounted on the slip ring of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head through the fixed base.

5. A focusing method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, characterized in that, The method employs the focusing device of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head as described in any one of claims 1-4, and the method includes: Obtain the process number and focusing mode information; Retrieve the corresponding coking position from the database based on the process number; Obtain the current position of the QBH connector to determine the current position of the servo motor, and convert the focusing position into the target position of the servo motor; The adjustment amount of the servo motor is determined based on the current position and the target position of the servo motor; A control signal is generated based on the adjustment amount of the servo motor and sent to the servo motor.

6. The focusing method for the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the current position of the QBH connector to determine the current position of the servo motor and converting the focusing position into the target position of the servo motor includes: Read the position signal from the servo motor encoder to determine the current position of the servo motor; Based on the focusing position, the target position of the servo motor is calculated using the angle-radian conversion function.

7. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a focusing program for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the focusing method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head as described in any one of claims 5 to 6.

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