Fan and motor

Abstract

The application discloses a fan and a motor. The fan comprises a shell part and an impeller. The shell part forms an air duct. The impeller comprises a hub and a plurality of blades. The hub is installed in the air duct and can rotate along its axis. The axis of the hub is consistent with the axis of the air duct. The plurality of blades are arranged at the outer periphery of the hub. The outer periphery of the hub is inclined to the axis of the air duct. The first included angle is between the outer periphery of the hub and the axis of the air duct. The inner wall of the air duct is inclined to the axis of the air duct. The second included angle is between the inner wall of the air duct and the axis of the air duct. The first included angle is greater than the second included angle. The gap between the inner wall of the air duct and the outer surface of the hub gradually decreases along the air outlet direction of the fan. The application can solve the problems of small air volume, small air pressure and large noise of the fan in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat dissipation device technology, and more specifically, to a fan and motor. Background Technology

[0002] Fans are an important component of heat dissipation systems for electronic devices. As the application scenarios for fans become increasingly widespread, the requirements for fans vary from place to place. With the increasing power density of products such as motors, higher demands are being placed on fans, and the size, air volume, and air pressure of existing fans often struggle to meet the needs of new products. There is a growing demand for smaller fans with higher air volume and air pressure, and the noise and vibration that result from these increases will inevitably also increase.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for a fan with large air volume, high air pressure, and low noise to meet the needs of products such as high power density motors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a fan and motor to solve the problems of small air volume, low air pressure and high noise in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a fan is provided, including a housing component and an impeller.

[0006] The outer casing component forms an air duct. The impeller includes a hub and multiple blades. The hub is installed inside the air duct and can rotate along its own axis. The axis of the hub is consistent with the axis of the air duct. The multiple blades are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the hub.

[0007] The outer peripheral surface of the hub is inclined to the axis of the air duct, and there is a first angle between the outer peripheral surface of the hub and the axis of the air duct. The inner wall surface of the air duct is inclined to the axis of the air duct, and there is a second angle between the inner wall surface of the air duct and the axis of the air duct. The first angle is greater than the second angle, so that the gap between the inner wall surface of the air duct and the outer surface of the hub gradually decreases along the air outlet direction of the fan.

[0008] Furthermore, the first included angle is greater than or equal to 7° and less than or equal to 10°, and the second included angle is greater than or equal to 4° and less than or equal to 7°.

[0009] Furthermore, the blades extend spirally along the outer periphery of the hub, and along the first circumferential direction of the hub, the distance from the edge of each blade on the side opposite to the hub to the axis of the hub gradually decreases.

[0010] Furthermore, along the first circumferential direction, the point where the distance from the edge of the blade on the side opposite to the hub to the axis of the hub is the maximum is the blade tip, the center of the circle is located on the axis of the hub, and the circle passing through the tip of the blade is the first circle;

[0011] The point on the side of the blade away from the hub with the shortest distance to the axis of the hub is the low point of the blade, the center of the circle is located on the axis of the hub, and the circle passing through the low point of the blade is the second circle.

[0012] Wherein, the first circle and the second circle satisfy the relationship: ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H, where Φν is the diameter of the second circle, ΦΛ is the diameter of the first circle, and H is the distance between the apex of the blade and the apex of the blade along the axial direction of the hub.

[0013] Furthermore, along the axis away from the hub, the exit angle of the blade gradually increases.

[0014] Furthermore, along the axis away from the hub, the inlet angle of the blade gradually decreases.

[0015] Furthermore, the initial inlet angle of the blade is +2d, and the tip inlet angle of the blade is -2d, where d is the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle.

[0016] Furthermore, d is greater than or equal to 2.5° and less than or equal to 3°.

[0017] Furthermore, along the radial direction of the hub, both the exit angle and the inlet angle of the blade exhibit linear variations.

[0018] On the other hand, this application also provides an electric motor, which includes the aforementioned fan.

[0019] In this application, since both the outer circumferential surface of the hub and the inner wall of the air duct are inclined to the axis of the air duct, and the first included angle is greater than the second included angle, the gap between the outer surface of the hub and the inner wall of the air duct gradually decreases along the air outlet direction of the fan. When the fan is working, after the flowing air enters the air duct, the air flow space gradually decreases, and the air pressure gradually increases. When the flowing air flows out of the air outlet of the air duct, its air volume is greater and the air delivery distance is farther. At the same time, since there is a first included angle between the outer circumferential surface of the hub and the axis of the air duct, and a second included angle between the side wall of the air duct and the axis of the hub, this means that both the inner wall of the air duct and the outer circumferential surface of the hub are smoothly arranged surfaces. When the flowing air passes through the gap between the hub and the air duct, the flowing air can flow smoothly and quietly. Furthermore, the gradient duct design in this application can increase the centrifugal force of the fluid, effectively increasing the static pressure of the fluid within the duct and reducing sudden changes in wind speed at the fan outlet. This results in a wider frequency distribution of sound across the spectrum, avoiding frequency concentration and effectively reducing noise. Therefore, the fan in this application has high air pressure, large air volume, and low noise, meeting the usage requirements of products with high power density. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view of the fan disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fan disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the impeller disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the blades at positions AA, BB, CC, DD, and EE;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a side view of the impeller disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Casing component; 11. Air duct; 20. Impeller; 21. Hub; 22. Blade; A. First included angle; B. Second included angle; S. Outlet angle; λ. Inlet angle; 30. First circle; 40. Second circle; X. First circumferential direction. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, a fan is provided. The fan in this embodiment includes a housing component 10 and an impeller 20. The housing component 10 encloses a duct 11. The impeller 20 includes a hub 21 and multiple blades 22. The hub 21 is installed inside the duct 11 and can rotate along its own axis, and the axis of the hub 21 is aligned with the axis of the duct 11. The multiple blades 22 are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the hub 21. The outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 is inclined to the axis of the duct 11, and a first angle A is formed between the hub 21 and the axis of the duct 11. The inner wall surface of the duct 11 is inclined to the axis of the duct 11, and a second angle B is formed between the inner wall surface of the duct 11 and the axis of the duct 11. The first angle A is greater than the second angle B, such that the gap between the inner wall surface of the duct 11 and the outer surface of the hub 21 is along the air outlet direction of the fan. Figure 2 The value gradually decreases in the Y direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 and the inner wall of the air duct 11 are inclined to the axis of the air duct 11, and the first included angle A is greater than the second included angle B. This allows the gap between the outer surface of the hub 21 and the inner wall of the air duct 11 to gradually decrease along the air outlet direction of the fan. When the fan is working, after the flowing air enters the air duct 11, the airflow space gradually decreases, and the air pressure gradually increases. When the flowing air flows out from the air outlet of the air duct 11, its air volume is greater, and the air delivery distance is longer. Simultaneously, because the outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 and the axis of the air duct 11 have a first included angle A, and the inner wall of the air duct 11 and the axis of the hub 21 have a second included angle B, this means that both the inner wall of the air duct 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 are smoothly arranged surfaces. When the flowing air passes through the gap between the hub 21 and the air duct 11, the flowing air can flow smoothly and quietly. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gradient air duct 11 design can increase the centrifugal force of the fluid, effectively increasing the static pressure of the fluid within the air duct 11, reducing sudden changes in wind speed at the fan outlet, and distributing the sound frequency across a wider frequency spectrum, thus avoiding frequency concentration and effectively reducing noise. Therefore, the fan of this application has high air pressure, large air volume, and low noise, meeting the usage requirements of products with high power density.

[0033] Based on the above structure, it can be seen that when the fan is working, the impeller 20 rotates in the air duct 11. After the air enters from the air inlet of the air duct 11, it can flow smoothly along the air duct 11. As the gap of the air duct 11 becomes smaller, the pressure of the air will increase, the air volume at the fan outlet will increase, and the noise during the air flow process is relatively small, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation effect and user comfort of the fan.

[0034] Specifically, the outer shell component 10 in this embodiment can be prismatic, cylindrical, or other irregularly shaped columnar. The accompanying drawings of this application show the case where the outer shell component 10 is prismatic. The outer shell component 10 mainly includes a bottom shell and an outer cover. In actual installation, the hub 21 is rotatably mounted on the bottom shell, the outer cover is placed on the bottom shell, and the internal cavity of the outer cover forms an air duct 11. The hub 21 is installed in the air duct 11, and the axis of the hub 21 is aligned with the axis of the air duct 11. When the hub 21 rotates in the air duct 11, it can drive the blades 22 to rotate to transport flowing air. The structure is simple and easy to process and assemble.

[0035] In one specific embodiment of this application, both the air duct 11 and the hub 21 are arranged in a frustum shape, wherein the first included angle A is greater than or equal to 7° and less than or equal to 10°, such as 7°, 8°, 9° or 10°, and the second included angle B is greater than or equal to 4° and less than or equal to 7°, such as 4°, 5°, 6° or 7°. When the first included angle A is greater than 10°, the outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 is tilted more significantly toward the axis of the air duct 11, and when air enters the air duct 11, it is easy to hit the surface of the hub 21 and generate noise; when the first included angle A is less than 7°, the outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 is tilted more gently toward the axis of the air duct 11, which makes it difficult to reduce the gap at the air outlet of the air duct 11, and thus makes it difficult to increase the air pressure at the air outlet of the fan. When the second included angle B is less than 4°, it is not convenient to form a flow channel with gradually decreasing gap together with the hub 21, which makes it difficult to increase the air pressure and air volume at the fan outlet. When the second included angle B is greater than 7°, air does not easily enter the air duct 11 smoothly, which can easily increase the noise of the fan. That is to say, by making the first included angle A greater than or equal to 7° and less than or equal to 10°, and the second included angle B greater than or equal to 4° and less than or equal to 7°, this embodiment can ensure the air pressure and air volume at the fan outlet, and also effectively reduce the noise of the fan in this embodiment.

[0036] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the blade 22 extends spirally along the outer periphery of the hub 21, and along the first circumferential direction of the hub 21 ( Figure 3 In the X direction (as shown in the diagram), the distance from the edge of each blade 22 on the side facing away from the hub 21 to the axis of the hub 21 gradually decreases. (This is in conjunction with the attached diagram.) Figures 1 to 5 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the end with a smaller distance from the blade 22 to the hub 21 is closer to the air inlet side of the fan, while the end with a larger distance from the blade to the hub 21 is closer to the air outlet side of the fan. With this arrangement, when the flowing air enters the air duct 11, it can first flow in a relatively spacious space, and then gradually enter a relatively small space with a more enclosed flow channel. In this way, the fan's air pressure and air volume can be further improved, and the flowing air can contact the blade 22 with a more stable force, which can effectively reduce the noise during the operation of the fan.

[0037] Combination Figures 3 to 5 As shown, along the direction of the first circumference, i.e. Figure 3In the X direction, the point with the greatest distance from the edge of blade 22 on the side facing away from hub 21 to the axis of hub 21 is the blade apex. At this point, the center of the circle is located on the axis of hub 21, and the circle passing through the blade apex is the first circle 30. The point with the shortest distance from the edge of blade 22 on the side facing away from hub 21 to the axis of hub 21 is the blade trough. At this point, the center of the circle is located on the axis of hub 21, and the circle passing through the blade trough is the second circle 40. The first circle 30 and the second circle 40 satisfy the relationship: ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H, where Φν is the diameter of the second circle 40, ΦΛ is the diameter of the first circle 30, and H is the distance between the blade apex and the blade trough along the axis of hub 21. Satisfying the above relationship effectively ensures the uniformity of the gap between the edge of blade 22 and the inner wall of the air duct 11 when the impeller 20 rotates, thereby reducing air leakage loss and ultimately achieving the goal of effectively improving the wind pressure and air volume of the fan in this embodiment.

[0038] Furthermore, along the direction away from the axis of the hub 21, the exit angle S of the blade 22 gradually increases. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the exit angle S of the blade 22 refers to the angle between the tangent line at the point passing through the edge of the blade 22's exit and the first plane. Here, the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hub 21 and passing through the edge of the blade 22's exit; this angle can be positive or negative. See also... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the cross-sectional views of blade 22 at positions AA, BB, CC, DD, and EE, the cross-sections AA, BB, CC, DD, and EE are all parallel to the axis of hub 21, and the exit angle S of blade 22 gradually decreases. In this embodiment, by making the exit angle S of blade 22 gradually decrease along the axis away from hub 21, the gradually changing air duct 11, combined with the gradually changing exit angle S of blade 22, makes the airflow on blade 22 more balanced, reduces exit eddy current loss, and broadens the noise spectrum, which can effectively improve wind pressure and air volume while reducing noise.

[0039] To further verify the technical effectiveness of the wind turbine in this application, the inventors conducted the following tests in a wind tunnel testing facility:

[0040] Table 1: Wind pressure, air volume, and noise data when ΦΛ = Φν

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Table 2: Wind pressure, air volume, and noise data when ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H*0.5

[0044]

[0045] Table 3: Wind pressure, air volume, and noise data when ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Based on the comparative examples and embodiments above, it can be seen that the fan of this application has relatively large air pressure and air volume, and relatively low noise during actual operation.

[0049] Furthermore, along the direction away from the axis of the hub 21, the inlet angle λ of the blade 22 gradually decreases. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the inlet angle λ of the blade 22 refers to the angle between the tangent line at the point passing through the edge of the blade 22 inlet and the second plane. Here, the second plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the hub 21 and passing through the edge of the blade 22 inlet; this angle can be positive or negative. See also... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the cross-sectional view of blade 22 at positions AA, BB, CC, DD, and EE, the inlet angle λ of blade 22 gradually increases, which can make the airflow smoother, reduce vortex losses at the inlet of the fan, and effectively improve the efficiency of the fan.

[0050] For example, the initial inlet angle λ1 of blade 22 is +2d, and the tip inlet angle λ2 of blade 22 is -2d, where d is the difference between the first included angle A and the second included angle B. This setting can reduce eddy current losses at the inlet of the fan and effectively improve the efficiency of the fan.

[0051] Preferably, d is greater than or equal to 2.5° and less than or equal to 3°. For example, 2.5°, 2.6°, 2.8°, 2.9° or 3°.

[0052] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the fan includes a housing component 10 and an impeller 20. The impeller 20 rotates with its axis as a baseline. The outer peripheral surface of the hub 21 of the impeller 20 has a first included angle AA with the axis of the hub 21. The inner wall surface of the air duct 11 formed by the housing component 10 has a second included angle B with the axis of the hub 21. The first included angle AA and the second included angle B differ by d degrees, forming a gradually changing flow channel. The second included angle B is optimally 4-7 degrees, the first included angle AA is optimally 7-10 degrees, and d is optimally 2.5 degrees. Experimental verification shows that the gradually changing flow channel increases the centrifugal force of the fluid, which can effectively increase its static pressure effect, reduce sudden changes in wind speed at the outlet, and distribute the sound frequency over a wider frequency spectrum, avoiding frequency concentration and effectively reducing noise.

[0053] In this embodiment, the diameters of the first circle 30 and the second circle 40 satisfy the following relationship: ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H, which ensures that the gap between the impeller and the outer casing is uniform during rotation, thereby reducing air leakage losses.

[0054] Along the axis away from the hub 21, the outlet angle S of the blade 22 increases linearly. The gradually changing flow channel, combined with the gradually changing flow channel of the blade, makes the airflow on the middle blade 22 more balanced, reduces outlet vortex loss, and makes the noise spectrum wider, which can effectively improve wind pressure and air volume and reduce noise. At the same time, the inlet angle λ of each blade 22 of the impeller 20 decreases linearly in the radial direction, making the airflow smoother, reducing vortex loss at the inlet, and effectively improving the efficiency of the fan. The initial angle is +2*d, and the blade tip angle is -2*d for optimal performance.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the curvature of the blade 22 changes with the fluid flow trajectory, causing the fluid to flow along a preset trajectory channel. From the cross-sections AA and EE, each cross-section is tangent to the fluid flow curve, reducing diffusion loss. It is evident that the fan in this embodiment, by setting a matching outer casing component 10 and impeller 20, and designing a gradient air duct 11, can greatly reduce air resistance, effectively improve fan airflow and air pressure, and reduce fan noise.

[0056] On the other hand, this application also provides a motor, which in this embodiment includes the fan in the above embodiments. Therefore, this motor includes all the technical effects of the fan in the above embodiments. Since the technical effects of the fan have been described in detail above, they will not be repeated here.

[0057] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0058] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fan, comprising a housing component and an impeller, characterized in that, The outer casing component forms an air duct. The impeller includes a hub and multiple blades. The hub is installed inside the air duct and can rotate along its own axis. The axis of the hub is consistent with the axis of the air duct. The multiple blades are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the hub. The outer peripheral surface of the hub is inclined to the axis of the air duct, and there is a first angle between the outer peripheral surface of the hub and the axis of the air duct. The inner wall surface of the air duct is inclined to the axis of the air duct, and there is a second angle between the inner wall surface of the air duct and the axis of the air duct. The first angle is greater than the second angle, so that the gap between the inner wall surface of the air duct and the outer surface of the hub gradually decreases along the air outlet direction of the fan. The blades extend spirally along the outer periphery of the hub, and along the first circumferential direction of the hub, the distance from the edge of each blade on the side opposite to the hub to the axis of the hub gradually decreases. The end of the blade with a smaller distance from the hub is closer to the air inlet side of the fan, while the end of the blade with a larger distance from the hub is closer to the air outlet side of the fan. Along the first circumferential direction, the point where the distance from the edge of the blade on the side opposite to the hub to the axis of the hub is the maximum is the blade tip, the center of the circle is located on the axis of the hub, and the circle passing through the tip of the blade is the first circle; The point on the side of the blade away from the hub with the shortest distance to the axis of the hub is the low point of the blade, the center of the circle is located on the axis of the hub, and the circle passing through the low point of the blade is the second circle. Wherein, the first circle and the second circle satisfy the relationship: ΦΛ=Φν+tanB*H, where Φν is the diameter of the second circle, ΦΛ is the diameter of the first circle, and H is the distance between the apex of the blade and the apex of the blade along the axial direction of the hub.

2. The fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first included angle is greater than or equal to 7° and less than or equal to 10°, and the second included angle is greater than or equal to 4° and less than or equal to 7°.

3. The fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axis away from the hub, the exit angle of the blade gradually increases.

4. The fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axis away from the hub, the inlet angle of the blade gradually decreases.

5. The fan according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial inlet angle of the blade is +2d, and the tip inlet angle of the blade is -2d, where d is the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle.

6. The fan according to claim 5, characterized in that, d is greater than or equal to 2.5° and less than or equal to 3°.

7. The fan according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Along the radial direction of the hub, both the exit angle and the inlet angle of the blade change linearly.

8. An electric motor, characterized in that, The motor includes the fan according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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