A rapeseed harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a rapeseed harvester and belongs to the technical field of harvesters. The rapeseed harvester comprises a chassis walking mechanism, a harvesting knife mechanism is installed at the front end of the chassis walking mechanism, and a first beating and threshing mechanism is connected to the rear side of the harvesting knife mechanism. An intermediate feeding channel is arranged below the first beating and threshing mechanism, and a second beating and threshing mechanism is arranged below the outlet of the intermediate feeding channel. The first beating and threshing mechanism comprises a conveying belt. Uniformly distributed holes are formed in the conveying belt. A first beating mechanism is arranged above the conveying belt. The second beating and threshing mechanism comprises a screening device. A second beating mechanism is arranged above the screening device. A recovery box is arranged below the screening device. The first beating and threshing mechanism and the second beating and threshing mechanism are cooperated with each other to form a two-stage separation mechanism, so that the efficiency and quality of harvesting and threshing are greatly improved, the labor cost and time cost are reduced, and the waste problem in the harvesting production process of household crops is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of harvester technology, specifically to a rapeseed harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Rapeseed is my country's fifth largest crop and one of its major oilseed crops. A rapeseed harvester is a common piece of machinery used for harvesting rapeseed. The working principle of a rapeseed harvester is to cut and clean the rapeseed from the field, collecting it in the harvester's collection box. Generally, it consists of several main parts: a harvesting mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a drive mechanism. The cutter cuts the rapeseed from the field, and the collection box collects the cut rapeseed. The threshing mechanism typically involves a auger installed inside a mesh cylinder. While the auger cuts and conveys the rapeseed, the rapeseed falls into the mesh cylinder. Existing threshing mechanisms are not very effective at hulling rapeseed, and the auger can damage the rapeseed, easily breaking it. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapeseed harvester that improves the hulling quality of rapeseed by setting up a two-stage threshing mechanism.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a rapeseed harvester, including a chassis walking mechanism, and a harvesting blade mechanism installed at the front end of the chassis walking mechanism. The harvester mechanism is connected to a primary threshing mechanism via a conveying mechanism at its rear; a middle feeding channel is provided below the primary threshing mechanism, and a secondary threshing mechanism is provided below the outlet of the middle feeding channel. The primary threshing mechanism includes a conveyor belt with idlers connected to both ends; the conveyor belt has evenly distributed holes; a primary threshing mechanism is installed above the conveyor belt, and the output end of the primary threshing mechanism has a primary threshing plate that repeatedly threshes the conveyor belt. The secondary beating and threshing mechanism includes a screening device, a secondary beating mechanism above the screening device, and a secondary beating plate that repeatedly beats the screening device at the output end of the secondary beating mechanism; a fan is provided in front of the screening device, and a recycling box is provided below the screening device. The outer casing is placed outside the primary and secondary threshing mechanisms.

[0005] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism includes a row of upward-sloping rotating rollers, with a guide plate disposed below the rotating rollers, and the guide plate is connected to the recycling bin; A lifting mechanism is provided above the rotating roller; the lifting mechanism includes a pressure plate and a transverse support provided above the rotating roller; the transverse support is located behind the pressure plate, and a row of telescopic grabs is installed on the transverse support, which is used to lift the crop pressed under the pressure plate upward.

[0006] The primary striking mechanism includes a support and a turntable fixed inside the housing; a rotary crank is rotatably mounted on the support, and a sliding groove is provided on the turntable; a connecting rod is hinged to the rotary crank, and the other end of the connecting rod is slidably mounted in the sliding groove on the turntable; the primary striking plate is fixedly connected to the turntable.

[0007] The secondary striking mechanism includes a support plate fixed inside the outer casing, on which a vertically arranged rotating shaft is rotatably mounted; the lower end of the rotating shaft is bent at 45°, and a middle sleeve rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft; the middle sleeve rod is perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and a rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the middle sleeve rod; a support rod perpendicular to the rotating rod is connected to the end of the rotating rod; a support frame is fixedly connected to the support rod, and the secondary striking plate is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0008] The screening device includes two screening groups arranged perpendicularly to each other. The screening group includes mounting plates arranged opposite each other; an adjusting rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, and a sliding rod fixed to the mounting plate is provided on each side of the adjusting rod; the adjusting rod has evenly distributed spiral grooves, with the spiral groove in the middle having an angle of zero with the adjusting rod; from the middle of the adjusting rod to the outermost side, the angle between the spiral groove and the adjusting rod gradually increases; a slider is installed in each spiral groove, and the slider has a guide hole that cooperates with the sliding rod; mesh wires are connected between the opposing sliders on the oppositely arranged mounting plates; The screening device also includes a rotating handle, the output end of which drives the adjusting rod through a gear mechanism.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The telescopic grabber is used to pick up crops from the front and back, improving the initial separation efficiency of branches, leaves, grains and straw; The two-stage separation mechanism, which combines a primary threshing mechanism and a secondary threshing mechanism, significantly improves the efficiency and quality of harvesting and threshing, reduces labor and time costs, and effectively reduces waste in the process of harvesting crops in family farms. The screening device is designed with an adjustable mesh size mechanism, which can adapt to different types and sizes of crops, so that the use of the harvester is not limited to rapeseed. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rapeseed harvester according to the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the location of the extraction mechanism.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rapeseed harvester according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the first-stage threshing mechanism.

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the middle-level striking mechanism.

[0016] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the secondary threshing mechanism.

[0017] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the secondary striking mechanism.

[0018] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the intermediate screening device.

[0019] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the installation structure of the adjusting rotor in the screening device.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Chassis walking mechanism; 2. Harvesting knife mechanism; 3. Conveying mechanism; 31. Rotating roller; 32. Guide plate; 33. Lifting bracket; 34. Telescopic grab; 35. Pressure plate; 4. Primary threshing mechanism; 41. Primary threshing mechanism; 411. Primary threshing plate; 412. Support; 413. Turntable; 414. Rotating crank; 415. Connecting rod; 42. Idler roller; 43. Conveyor belt; 5. Intermediate feeding channel; 6. 61. Secondary beating and threshing mechanism; 61. Screening device; 611. Mounting plate; 612. Adjusting rod; 613. Slide rod; 614. Spiral groove; 615. Sliding block; 616. Mesh cable; 617. Handle; 62. Secondary beating mechanism; 621. Secondary beating plate; 622. Support plate; 623. Rotary shaft; 624. Intermediate sleeve rod; 625. Rotary rod; 626. Support rod; 627. Support frame; 63. Fan; 64. Recycling box. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a rapeseed harvester includes a chassis traveling mechanism 1, with a harvesting blade mechanism 2 mounted at the front end of the chassis traveling mechanism 1. A conveying mechanism 3 is connected to the rear of the harvesting blade mechanism 2, and a primary threshing mechanism 4 is connected to the rear of the conveying mechanism 3. An intermediate feeding channel 5 is provided below the primary threshing mechanism 4, and a secondary threshing mechanism 6 is provided below the outlet of the intermediate feeding channel 5. A housing 7 covers the outside of the primary threshing mechanism 4 and the secondary threshing mechanism 6. In this embodiment, the harvesting blade mechanism 2 is a conventional structure and will not be further described.

[0023] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the conveying mechanism 3 includes a row of upward-sloping rotating rollers 31, which transport the crops delivered by the harvesting blade mechanism 2. The rotating rollers 31 are driven by a motor and a transmission chain. A grasping mechanism is arranged above the rotating rollers 31; the grasping mechanism includes a pressure plate 35 and a transverse support 33 arranged above the rotating rollers 31, with the transverse support 33 located behind the pressure plate 35. A row of telescopic grabs 34 is installed on the transverse support 33, and the telescopic grabs 34 extend and retract under the action of a telescopic electric cylinder.

[0024] As the crop on the rotating roller 31 passes under the pressure plate 35, it forms a certain accumulation, generating pressure. At this time, the telescopic grabber 34 extends and retracts, pulling the crop pressed under the pressure plate 35 upwards, thus initially separating the branches, leaves, grains, and straw. A guide plate 32 is installed below the rotating roller 31, and the guide plate 32 is connected to the recycling box 64. During the pulling process, some of the hulled grains fall through the gaps in the rotating roller 31 onto the guide plate 32 and enter the recycling box 64. The other part is then conveyed by the rotating roller 31 to the primary threshing mechanism 4.

[0025] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the primary threshing mechanism 4 includes a conveyor belt 43, with idlers 42 connected to both ends of the conveyor belt 43. The conveyor belt 43 is driven by the rotation of the idlers 42, which are driven by a motor. The conveyor belt 43 has evenly distributed holes, and a primary threshing mechanism 41 is arranged above the conveyor belt 43. The output end of the primary threshing mechanism 41 has a primary threshing plate 411 that repeatedly threshes the conveyor belt 43.

[0026] Preferably, the primary striking mechanism 41 includes a support 412 and a turntable 413 fixed inside the housing 7. A rotary crank 414 is rotatably mounted on the support 412, and the rotary crank 414 is driven by a motor. A groove is formed on the turntable 413; a connecting rod 415 is hinged to the rotary crank 414, and the other end of the connecting rod 415 is slidably mounted in the groove on the turntable 413; the primary striking plate 411 is fixedly connected to the turntable 413.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, during operation, the rotary crank 414 rotates to pull the connecting rod 415. The other end of the connecting rod 415 pulls the turntable 413 to swing, which in turn drives the primary threshing plate 411 to thresh the crops on the conveyor belt 43. During the threshing process, branches, leaves, grains, and straw are further separated. Smaller crops such as hulled grains fall through the holes in the conveyor belt into the intermediate feeding channel 5, and then onto the secondary threshing mechanism 6. The lower end of the connecting rod 415 is connected to the groove on the turntable 413, rather than being directly hinged. This ensures that the turntable 413 can have a certain degree of floating, preventing the primary threshing plate 411 from exerting excessive force and damaging the conveyor belt 43.

[0028] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the secondary beating threshing mechanism 6 includes a screening device 61, a secondary beating mechanism 62 is provided above the screening device 61, and the output end of the secondary beating mechanism 62 has a secondary beating plate 621 that repeatedly beats the screening device 61; a fan 63 is provided in front of the screening device 61, and a recycling box 64 is provided below the screening device 61.

[0029] Preferably, the secondary striking mechanism 62 includes a support plate 622 fixed inside the housing 7. A vertically arranged rotating shaft 623 is rotatably mounted on the support plate 622, and the rotating shaft 623 is driven by a motor. The lower end of the rotating shaft 623 is bent at 45°, and an intermediate sleeve rod 624 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 623. The intermediate sleeve rod 624 is perpendicular to the rotating shaft 623, and a rotating rod 625 is rotatably mounted on the lower axis of the intermediate sleeve rod 624. A support rod 626 perpendicular to the rotating rod 625 is connected to the end of the rotating rod 625. A support frame 627 is fixedly connected to the support rod 626, and the secondary striking plate 621 is fixedly connected to the support frame 627.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, during operation, the rotary shaft 623 rotates, causing the lower intermediate sleeve rod 624 and rotary rod 625 to rotate around the rotary shaft 623. The rotary rod 625 and the intermediate sleeve rod 624 rotate relative to each other, thereby realizing the swing of the rotary rod 625. Finally, the rotary rod 625 drives the support frame 627 and the secondary beating plate 621 to beat the crops on the screening device 61, thereby achieving grain dehulling.

[0031] Combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the screening device 61 includes two screening groups arranged perpendicularly to each other; taking one screening group as an example: The screening group includes a mounting plate 611 arranged opposite to each other. An adjusting rod 612 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 611. Slide rods 613 are respectively provided on both sides of the adjusting rod 612 and the slide rods 613 are fixed on the mounting plate 611.

[0032] The adjusting rod 612 has evenly distributed spiral grooves 614. The spiral groove 614 in the middle position has an angle of zero with the adjusting rod 612; from the middle of the adjusting rod 612 to the outermost part, the angle between the spiral groove 614 and the adjusting rod 612 gradually increases. Figure 9 In this embodiment, the included angle of the spiral groove 614 gradually increases from zero to 15°, and then gradually increases to 30°. A slider 615 is installed in each spiral groove 614. The slider 615 is slidably mounted on the adjusting rod 612. A sliding pin is provided inside the slider 615, located within the spiral groove 614. Thus, the position of the slider 615 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod 612. Guide holes are provided at the top and bottom of the slider 615 to cooperate with the sliding rod 613, guiding the slider 615. Mesh wires 616 are connected between the opposing sliders 615 on the oppositely arranged mounting plates 611, and the mesh wires 616 together form a screen.

[0033] Furthermore, the screening device 61 also includes a rotating handle 617, the output end of which drives the adjusting rod 612 via a gear mechanism. The ends of each adjusting rod 612 can also be connected via a gear mechanism, so that the position of each slider 615 can be adjusted using the same rotating handle 617, thereby adjusting the spacing of each screen wire 616 and controlling the size of the screen holes.

[0034] Working principle: Robbery organization; A scraping mechanism is installed above the conveying mechanism 3. After the harvesting blade mechanism 2 cuts the straw, it enters the conveying mechanism 3. When the crop on the rotating roller 31 passes under the pressure plate 35, it forms a certain accumulation and generates a certain pressure. At this time, the telescopic grabber 34 extends and retracts, scraping the crop pressed under the pressure plate 35 upwards, thus initially separating the branches, leaves, grains and straw. During the scraping process, some hulled grains fall through the gap of the rotating roller 31 to the guide plate 32 and enter the recycling box 64. The other part, due to incomplete separation, is conveyed by the rotating roller 31 to the primary threshing mechanism 4 for further separation in order to improve the harvesting and threshing efficiency of the harvester.

[0035] Primary threshing mechanism; After initial harvesting, the branches, leaves, grains, and straw of the crops are separated and transported to the threshing plate via conveyor belt 43. Driven by the rotary crank 414, multiple rounds of threshing (coarse threshing) are performed. After each round of threshing, the primary threshing plate 411 returns to its raised position to facilitate the transport of branches, leaves, grains, and straw. The operating intervals of the harvesting mechanism and the primary threshing mechanism are coordinated to further separate branches, leaves, grains, and straw during the threshing process. Smaller crops, such as hulled grains, fall through the perforations of conveyor belt 43 into the lower intermediate feeding channel 5, and then onto the secondary threshing mechanism 6. Simultaneously, unwanted branches, leaves, and straw from the coarse threshing continue to be transported along conveyor belt 43 and discharged through the outlet.

[0036] Two-stage threshing mechanism; The grains pass through the upper primary threshing mechanism and enter the intermediate feeding channel 5, then follow the airflow from fan 63 into the lower secondary threshing mechanism. Fan 63 operates in 3-second cycles. In the first cycle, the airflow increases from weak to strong. On one hand, some of the branches, leaves, and husks that have already undergone fine threshing are blown backward and discharged through the outlet; on the other hand, the branches, leaves, and grains falling through the intermediate feeding channel 5 are carried by the airflow into the secondary threshing mechanism 62 (fine threshing). In the second cycle, fan 63 stops, and the rotating shaft 623 rotates, driving the secondary threshing plate 621 to perform fine threshing, causing the grains to fall into the collection box 64 under the screening device 61. This two-stage separation structure significantly improves the efficiency and quality of harvesting and threshing, reduces labor and time costs, and effectively reduces waste in the process of harvesting crops in family farms.

[0037] Screening device; The screening device filters grains by adjusting the mesh size, adapting to different types and sizes of crops, thus expanding the harvester's application beyond rapeseed. The spiral groove 614 on the adjusting rod 612 transitions from 30° to 0° from both sides towards the center, exhibiting a narrowing trend. Cranking the handle 617 drives the gears, causing the slider 615 and the mesh 616 to simultaneously narrow towards the center, resulting in a change in mesh size. The screening device can be configured with a two-layer structure. On one hand, double-layer screening provides finer results; on the other hand, controlling the mesh size allows for stratification by grain size, making screening more convenient, further promoting agricultural upgrading, and contributing to rural revitalization and sustainable development.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapeseed harvester, comprising a chassis walking mechanism (1), wherein a harvesting blade mechanism (2) is installed at the front end of the chassis walking mechanism (1). Its features are: The harvester mechanism (2) is connected to a primary threshing mechanism (4) via a conveying mechanism (3) at its rear side; a middle feeding channel (5) is provided below the primary threshing mechanism (4), and a secondary threshing mechanism (6) is provided below the outlet of the middle feeding channel (5). The primary threshing mechanism (4) includes a conveyor belt (43) with rollers (42) connected to both ends of the conveyor belt (43); the conveyor belt (43) has evenly distributed holes; a primary threshing mechanism (41) is provided above the conveyor belt (43), and the output end of the primary threshing mechanism (41) has a primary threshing plate (411) that repeatedly threshes the conveyor belt (43). The secondary beat-and-thresh mechanism (6) includes a screening device (61), a secondary beat-and-thresh mechanism (62) is provided above the screening device (61), and the output end of the secondary beat-and-thresh mechanism (62) has a secondary beat-and-thresh plate (621) that repeatedly beats the screening device (61); a fan (63) is provided in front of the screening device (61), and a recycling box (64) is provided below the screening device (61). The outer casing (7) covers the first-stage threshing mechanism (4) and the second-stage threshing mechanism (6); The primary striking mechanism (41) includes a support (412) and a turntable (413) fixed inside the outer casing (7); a rotary crank (414) is rotatably mounted on the support (412), and a sliding groove is provided on the turntable (413); a connecting rod (415) is hinged to the rotary crank (414), and the other end of the connecting rod (415) is slidably mounted in the sliding groove on the turntable (413); the primary striking plate (411) is fixedly connected to the turntable (413); The secondary striking mechanism (62) includes a support plate (622) fixed inside the outer shell (7), on which a vertically arranged rotating shaft (623) is rotatably mounted; the lower end of the rotating shaft (623) is bent at 45°, and the lower end of the rotating shaft (623) is rotatably connected to an intermediate sleeve rod (624); the intermediate sleeve rod (624) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft (623), and a rotating rod (625) is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the intermediate sleeve rod (624); the end of the rotating rod (625) is connected to a support rod (626) perpendicular to the rotating rod (625); the support rod (626) is fixedly connected to a support frame (627), and the secondary striking plate (621) is fixedly connected to the support frame (627).

2. The rapeseed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (3) includes a row of upward-sloping rotating rollers (31), and a guide plate (32) is provided below the rotating rollers (31). The guide plate (32) is connected to the recycling bin (64). A lifting mechanism is provided above the rotating roller (31); the lifting mechanism includes a pressure plate (35) and a transverse support (33) provided above the rotating roller (31); the transverse support (33) is located behind the pressure plate (35), and a row of telescopic claws (34) is installed on the transverse support (33). The telescopic claws (34) are used to lift the crop pressed under the pressure plate (35) upward.

3. The rapeseed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device (61) includes two screening groups arranged perpendicularly to each other; The screening group includes mounting plates (611) arranged opposite to each other; an adjusting rod (612) is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (611), and a sliding rod (613) fixed on the mounting plate (611) is provided on both sides of the adjusting rod (612); the adjusting rod (612) is provided with evenly distributed spiral grooves (614), and the spiral groove (614) in the middle position has an angle of zero with the adjusting rod (612); from the middle of the adjusting rod (612) to the outermost side, the angle between the spiral groove (614) and the adjusting rod (612) gradually increases; a slider (615) is installed in each spiral groove (614), and a guide hole that cooperates with the sliding rod (613) is provided on the slider (615); a mesh wire (616) is connected between the opposing sliders (615) on the mounting plates (611) arranged opposite to each other. The screening device (61) also includes a rotating handle (617), the output end of which drives the adjusting rod (612) through a gear mechanism.

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