Coal gangue comprehensive treatment process combining dry separation with washing separation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal gangue treatment technology and discloses a dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive coal gangue treatment, comprising the following steps: S1, selecting coal gangue raw materials; S2, screening coal gangue raw materials; S3, separating coal gangue; S4, wastewater treatment; S5, storing finished products. Through the dry separation combined with washing process, different components in coal gangue, such as kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue, can be effectively separated, improving resource utilization. The treated gangue can be used in the production of building materials such as bricks, realizing resource reuse. Simultaneously, during the coal gangue treatment process, wastewater is centrally treated and recycled, reducing water waste and environmental pollution. This invention can effectively improve the utilization rate of coal gangue, reduce environmental pollution, and bring considerable economic benefits to enterprises. The treated products, kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue, can be sold as commodities, increasing the enterprise's revenue sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue treatment technology, specifically to a dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive coal gangue treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste discharged during coal mining and washing processes. It is a type of blackish-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal, which is associated with coal seams during coal formation. It includes gangue from tunneling, gangue extracted from the roof, floor, and interlayers during mining, and gangue removed during coal washing. Coal gangue is a type of mining solid waste, discharged during tunneling, mining, and coal washing. Coal gangue is a rock composed of organic and inorganic compounds deposited together with coal during coal formation, usually occurring in thin layers within or at the top and bottom of coal seams. Based on its main mineral content, coal gangue is classified into claystone, sandstone, carbonate, and aluminous rock. Based on its source and final state, coal gangue can be divided into three main categories: tunneling gangue, coal washing gangue, and natural gangue.

[0003] The composition of existing coal gangue varies depending on factors such as the geographical location of the coal mine, the mining method, and geological conditions. It may contain different proportions of kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue. At the same time, a large amount of wastewater is generated during the coal gangue treatment process. The wastewater may contain impurities such as kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal. If kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal are not recycled, the utilization rate of coal gangue will be low. In addition, the indiscriminate discharge of wastewater will pollute the environment. Therefore, a dry separation combined with washing process is proposed for the comprehensive treatment of coal gangue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive treatment of coal gangue, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. The composition of coal gangue varies due to factors such as the geographical location of the coal mine, the mining method, and geological conditions. It may contain different proportions of kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue. At the same time, a large amount of wastewater is generated during the treatment of coal gangue. The wastewater may contain impurities such as kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal. If kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal are not recycled, the utilization rate of coal gangue will be low, and the indiscriminate discharge of wastewater will pollute the environment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive treatment of coal gangue, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select coal gangue raw materials;

[0007] S2, screening of coal gangue raw materials;

[0008] S3, Coal gangue sorting;

[0009] S4. Wastewater treatment;

[0010] S5. Finished product storage.

[0011] Preferably, in S1, the coal gangue raw material is a by-product generated during the coal mine production process.

[0012] Preferably, the above-mentioned step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0013] S201. Use a closed conveyor belt corridor to transport coal gangue to a grading screen for screening.

[0014] S202. Screen qualified and unqualified coal gangue. Unqualified coal gangue is washed with high-pressure water to remove coal powder from the surface of the coal gangue. The washed water flows into the thickening tank.

[0015] S203. Dewater the washed coal gangue using a dewatering screen;

[0016] S204. Use a dry separator to remove kaolin and sandstone from the coal gangue, and transfer the kaolin and sandstone to the material silo for storage.

[0017] S205. Coal gangue is processed by an iron remover to remove internal metallic substances.

[0018] S206. Use a hammer crusher to crush coal gangue;

[0019] S207. Obtain the crushed coal gangue.

[0020] Preferably, the sieve aperture of the grading screen is 39-41mm, the coal gangue with a diameter less than 40mm is qualified coal gangue, the coal gangue with a diameter greater than 40mm is unqualified coal gangue, and the coal gangue with a diameter less than 40mm after being crushed by the hammer crusher is qualified coal gangue.

[0021] Preferably, in S3, the coal gangue sorting involves screening and crushing the coal gangue, which is then conveyed to the feeding end of the jig by a chain feeder. The jig is a two-stage sorting machine that separates gangue from low-quality coal.

[0022] Preferably, the inferior coal is dewatered using a dewatering screen and a centrifugal dewatering machine. The dewatered finished coal is stored in a coal bunker, the separated gangue is stored in a gangue bunker, and the dewatered water flows into a thickening tank.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, a filter press is used to dewater the wastewater in the thickening tank and the clear water tank to obtain finished coal, which is then stored in a coal bunker.

[0024] Preferably, the overflow from the concentration tank and the filtrate from the filter press are reused as circulating water, which is then used for jigging.

[0025] Preferably, in S5, the finished product storage involves storing the gangue, product coal, kaolin, and sandstone obtained after the treatment of coal gangue.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0027] This invention utilizes a combination of dry separation and washing processes to effectively separate different components of coal gangue, including kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue, thereby improving resource utilization. Simultaneously, the treated gangue can be used in the production of building materials such as bricks, achieving resource reuse. Furthermore, during the coal gangue treatment process, wastewater is centrally treated and recycled, reducing water waste and environmental pollution. This invention effectively improves the utilization rate of coal gangue, reduces environmental pollution, and brings considerable economic benefits to enterprises. Additionally, the processed products—kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue—can be sold as commodities, increasing the enterprise's revenue streams. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0032] Example

[0033] In existing technologies, the composition of coal gangue varies depending on factors such as the geographical location of the coal mine, the mining method, and geological conditions. It may contain different proportions of kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue. At the same time, a large amount of wastewater is generated during the coal gangue treatment process. The wastewater may contain impurities such as kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal. If the kaolin, sandstone, and finished coal are not recycled, the utilization rate of coal gangue will be low, and the indiscriminate discharge of wastewater will cause environmental pollution.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution: a dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive treatment of coal gangue, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Selecting coal gangue as raw material; coal gangue is a byproduct generated during coal mining; coal gangue is a byproduct of coal mining and is usually considered waste. By selecting coal gangue as raw material, resources that would otherwise be discarded can be fully utilized, improving resource utilization. Utilizing coal gangue as raw material can reduce waste generation and contribute to environmental protection.

[0036] S2. Screening of coal gangue raw materials; including the following sub-steps:

[0037] S201. Use an enclosed conveyor belt to transport coal gangue to a grading screen for screening. Transporting coal gangue to a grading screen via an enclosed conveyor belt can achieve centralized transportation and efficient screening of coal gangue, improve production efficiency, and at the same time reduce noise during coal gangue transportation.

[0038] S202. Screening qualified and unqualified coal gangue: Coal gangue is divided into qualified and unqualified categories according to its diameter to facilitate subsequent processing. Unqualified coal gangue is washed with high-pressure water to remove coal powder from its surface. High-pressure water washing of unqualified coal gangue removes impurities and improves the purity and quality of the coal gangue. The washed water flows into a thickening tank, which enables centralized recycling and treatment of water resources and reduces water waste. The grading screen has a screen aperture of 40mm. Coal gangue with a diameter less than 40mm is qualified, while coal gangue with a diameter greater than 40mm is unqualified. After being crushed by a hammer crusher, the coal gangue with a diameter less than 40mm is considered unqualified.

[0039] S203. Dewater the washed coal gangue using a dewatering screen. Using a dewatering screen to dewater the washed coal gangue can remove excess water and improve the dryness of the coal gangue.

[0040] S204. Use a dry separator to select kaolin and sandstone from coal gangue, and transfer the kaolin and sandstone to the material silo for storage. The dry separator selects useful minerals such as kaolin and sandstone from coal gangue, which can be separated and stored to further improve the utilization rate of resources. At the same time, without using a dry separator, a hand-separating belt can be used to manually select kaolin and sandstone. Based on the appearance of coal gangue, kaolinite (appearing as black, shiny, hard blocks) and construction sandstone (appearing as relatively loose blocks composed of small particles) can be separated manually or by a dry separator.

[0041] S205. Coal gangue is treated with an iron remover to remove internal metal substances. The iron remover removes internal metal substances from the coal gangue, which can prevent metal impurities from affecting subsequent processing and use.

[0042] S206. Using a hammer crusher to crush coal gangue: The hammer crusher crushes unqualified coal gangue and converts it into qualified coal gangue, thereby improving the utilization rate of resources.

[0043] S207. The crushed coal gangue is obtained. The crushed coal gangue can be used for brick making and other building material production or other industrial uses, realizing the reuse of resources.

[0044] S3. Coal Gangue Sorting: Coal gangue sorting involves screening and crushing coal gangue. The coal gangue is conveyed to the jig feed end via a chain feeder. Using a chain feeder to convey coal gangue to the jig feed end enables automated and continuous feeding, improving sorting efficiency and accuracy. The jig is a two-stage sorting machine, separating gangue and low-quality coal. By sorting the coal gangue, different qualities of coal and gangue can be obtained. These products can be used for different purposes, improving the economic efficiency of the entire production process.

[0045] After screening and crushing, the low-quality coal in the coal gangue is dewatered using dewatering screens and centrifugal dewatering machines. This reduces wastewater generation and environmental pollution. The dewatered finished coal is stored in a coal bunker, while the separated gangue is stored in a gangue bunker. The dewatered water flows into a thickening tank. The coal gangue sorting process uses automated equipment such as chain feeders and jigs, reducing manual operation and improving production efficiency and quality. The sorted gangue can be transferred to the brick-making workshop for brick production and other building material production, realizing resource reuse and improving resource utilization.

[0046] S4. Wastewater Treatment: A filter press is used to dewater the wastewater in the thickening tank and clear water tank to obtain finished coal. This process fully utilizes the water content in the wastewater, reducing the amount of fresh water used. The treated wastewater can be reused as circulating water, which is then used in the jig sorting machine. This reduces wastewater discharge, lowers environmental pollution, and conserves water resources. The finished coal is stored in a coal bunker, while the overflow from the thickening tank and the filtrate from the filter press are reused as circulating water for the jig sorting machine. Figure 1 The dotted line between the clear water tank and the jig represents the circulating water route, while the other dotted lines represent the wastewater route. Treating the wastewater and reusing it for circulating water can reduce water consumption, thereby lowering production costs and improving the efficiency of the entire production process. Through wastewater treatment and recycling, the sustainable use of water resources can be achieved.

[0047] S5. Finished Product Storage. Finished product storage involves storing the gangue, product coal, kaolin, and sandstone obtained after coal gangue treatment. The product coal, kaolin, and sandstone can be transferred to the product warehouse for storage and sale. Storing these resources allows for effective management and control, facilitating subsequent sales and use. By selling these resources, economic benefits can be obtained, thereby improving the company's profitability.

[0048] In summary, by combining dry separation with washing, different components of coal gangue, such as kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue, can be effectively separated, improving resource utilization. Simultaneously, the processed gangue can be used in the production of building materials such as bricks, achieving resource reuse. Furthermore, during the coal gangue treatment process, wastewater is centrally treated and recycled, reducing water waste and environmental pollution. This invention effectively improves the utilization rate of coal gangue, reduces environmental pollution, and brings considerable economic benefits to enterprises. Additionally, the processed products—kaolin, sandstone, finished coal, and gangue—can be sold as commodities, increasing the company's revenue streams.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that implementations not illustrated or described in the drawings or the main text of the specification are forms known to those skilled in the art and are not described in detail. Furthermore, the definitions of the components described above are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes, or methods mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or substitute them.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention can be combined or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0051] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry separation combined with washing process for comprehensive treatment of coal gangue, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Select coal gangue raw materials; S2, screening of coal gangue raw materials; S3, Coal gangue sorting; S4. Wastewater treatment; S5. Finished product storage; In S1, the coal gangue raw material is a by-product generated during the coal mine production process; S2 includes the following sub-steps: S201. Use a closed conveyor belt corridor to transport coal gangue to a grading screen for screening. S202. Screen qualified and unqualified coal gangue. Unqualified coal gangue is washed with high-pressure water to remove coal powder from the surface of the coal gangue. The washed water flows into the thickening tank. S203. Dewater the washed coal gangue using a dewatering screen; S204. Use a dry separator to remove kaolin and sandstone from the coal gangue, and transfer the kaolin and sandstone to the material silo for storage. S205. Coal gangue is processed by an iron remover to remove internal metallic substances. S206. Use a hammer crusher to crush coal gangue; S207. Obtain the crushed coal gangue; The grading screen has a screen aperture of 39-41mm. Coal gangue with a diameter less than 40mm is considered qualified coal gangue, while coal gangue with a diameter greater than 40mm is considered unqualified coal gangue. After being crushed by the hammer crusher, the coal gangue has a diameter less than 40mm. In S3, the coal gangue sorting involves screening and crushing the coal gangue. The coal gangue is conveyed to the feeding end of the jig by a chain feeder. The jig is a two-stage sorting machine that separates gangue and low-quality coal. The low-quality coal is dewatered using a dewatering screen and a centrifugal dewatering machine. The dewatered finished coal is stored in a coal bunker, the sorted gangue is stored in a gangue bunker, and the dewatered water flows into a thickening tank. In S4, a filter press is used to dewater the wastewater in the thickening tank and the clear water tank to obtain finished coal, which is then stored in a coal bunker. The overflow from the thickening tank and the filtrate from the filter press are reused as circulating water, which is then used for jigging. In S5, the finished product storage refers to the storage of gangue, product coal, kaolin, and sandstone obtained after the treatment of coal gangue.

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