A galvanometer processing method and system for a hard alloy cutter chip breaker groove

Abstract

The application provides a hard alloy cutter chip breaking groove galvanometer machining method and system, relates to the hard alloy cutter chip breaking groove machining and manufacturing technical field, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a machining geometric model of a hard alloy cutter chip breaking groove; performing triangular mesh division on the curved surface of a machining area; calculating a global feed point; calculating a current layer tool path direction angle; judging whether the allowance is greater than or equal to a layer of cutting depth distance; if yes, the cutting depth starting plane is reversely offset by a layer of cutting depth distance along the tool axis to obtain a current machining layer surface; if no, the total cutting depth termination plane is used as the current machining layer surface; the machining area contour is obtained by intersecting the current machining layer surface and the triangular mesh of the machining area; the zigzag parallel tool path in the machining area contour is obtained; whether there is an effective tool path is judged; if yes, the current layer tool path direction angle is recalculated; if no, the machining is completed. The application realizes high-precision and high-efficiency numerical control machining of the hard alloy cutter chip breaking groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chip breaker groove machining technology for cemented carbide cutting tools, and particularly to a galvanometer machining method and system for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing process of cemented carbide cutting tools, chip breaking control is a design and machining challenge. Carbide materials consistently face problems of difficult chip breaking and chip entanglement, which is a major bottleneck restricting the overall performance of the tool and significantly impacts tool life, production efficiency, and even personnel safety. From a machining perspective, chip breaker grooves are characterized by complex shapes and small machining areas. Furthermore, the tool materials are mostly hard materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys, posing significant challenges to their machining and manufacturing technologies.

[0003] Currently, the machining method for chip breaker grooves on cemented carbide cutting tools mainly relies on laser processing, with the primary machining equipment being a CNC table and a galvanometer. However, there is currently a lack of CNC programming methods specifically for galvanometer-based chip breaker groove machining, resulting in low automation in CNC program development and poor adaptability to complex chip breaker groove shapes. Therefore, it is necessary to research a targeted CNC programming strategy to improve the machining efficiency of chip breaker grooves.

[0004] The existing technology uses a general planar fixed-axis milling strategy to replace it. This method has the following disadvantages: (1) When using a galvanometer to process chip breakers, the toolpath direction needs to be changed continuously between milling layers, which means that programming can only be done layer by layer, resulting in low efficiency; (2) The tool entry and exit need to be processed, while the galvanometer only has the opening and closing of the laser, which will consume a lot of toolpath planning time and generate redundant toolpaths. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this issue, this invention provides a galvanometer machining method and system for chip breaker grooves on cemented carbide cutting tools, which solves the problems of low CNC programming efficiency and poor adaptability in the galvanometer machining of chip breaker grooves on cemented carbide cutting tools in the prior art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves in cemented carbide cutting tools, the method comprising:

[0007] S1: Obtain the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove for cemented carbide cutting tools;

[0008] S2: Based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, the surface of the machining area is triangularly meshed;

[0009] S3: Calculate the global entry point;

[0010] S4: Calculate the toolpath direction angle for the current layer;

[0011] S5: Determine whether the plane distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the depth of cut of one layer. If yes, offset the starting plane of the depth of cut by one depth of cut along the tool axis to obtain the current processing layer. If no, take the total depth of cut termination plane as the current processing layer.

[0012] S6: Obtain the outline of the processing area by finding the intersection between the current processing layer and the triangular mesh of the processing area;

[0013] S7: Find a zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area;

[0014] S8: Determine if a valid toolpath exists. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, complete the machining process.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the method of triangularly meshing the curved surface of the machining area based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool specifically includes:

[0016] S21: In the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, traverse all the surfaces that constitute the cavity;

[0017] S22: For a single surface, map it to the UV parameter space;

[0018] S23: Traverse all curves that make up the surface in the UV parameter space and discretize the curves;

[0019] S24: Perform two-dimensional Delaunay triangulation in the UV parameter space;

[0020] S25: Check whether the distance between all triangles at their geometric centers and the original surface in the meshing results conforms to the chord height error. If it does, map the meshing results back to three-dimensional space through parametric equations. If it does not, execute step S21 to insert new points based on the current meshing results and further discretize all curves.

[0021] Preferably, the number of discrete curve segments is controlled by two parameters: turning angle error and chord height error, which respectively limit the angle between the ends of the discrete polylines and the tangent and the maximum distance from the curve.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the method for calculating the global tool entry point is as follows:

[0023] The orientation bounding box of the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove is obtained based on the tool axis direction, and the geometric center of the surface of the orientation bounding box perpendicular to the tool axis is taken as the entry point of each layer.

[0024] Preferably, the method for obtaining the orientation bounding box of the machining geometry model specifically includes:

[0025] Step 1: Traverse the topology of the processed geometric model and obtain the coordinates of all its vertices;

[0026] Step 2: Construct the covariance matrix for this sample set:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, , ; This represents the expected value of sample X, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Y, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Z, which is the mean in this case. Represents the first in sample X The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Y The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Z The values ​​that a variable can take; Indicates the number of variables in samples X and Y;

[0029] Step 3: Find the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix And normalize it, and use it as a basis for the new vector space;

[0030] Step 4: Using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] Map the original sample points to a new vector space, find the bounding box of the axes, and then map the vertex coordinates back to the original coordinate system.

[0033] In the formula, , Both represent vector spaces.

[0034] Preferably, the method for determining the contours of the processing layers, processing areas, and single-layer processing areas is as follows:

[0035] Processing layers: The starting and ending planes of the processing are obtained through the user-defined cutting depth range. The starting plane is gradually offset towards the ending plane according to the layer cutting depth as the step size to obtain all the processing layers.

[0036] Machining area: The polygon formed by the intersection curve of the cavity boundary surface and a machining layer is the machining area of ​​this machining layer;

[0037] Single-layer machining area contour: The machining area is approximated by the two-dimensional intersection contour of the triangular mesh and the plane. The polygon obtained by the intersection is offset inward by a tool radius to obtain the extreme position contour of the tool center point, that is, the single-layer machining area contour.

[0038] Preferably, the method for finding the intersection of the triangular mesh and the plane specifically includes:

[0039] a. Traverse all triangles in the triangular grid;

[0040] b. For a single triangle, if all three vertices are on one side of the plane, there is no intersection point, so skip it directly; otherwise, traverse its three sides and find the intersection point with the plane respectively.

[0041] c. For any given edge, if it is parallel to the plane, skip it; otherwise, calculate the intersection of the line segment and the plane using the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] if This indicates the existence of an intersection point, which can be determined using the following formula.

[0044]

[0045] The location of the intersection point must be determined; otherwise, no intersection point exists.

[0046] In the formula, , These represent the start and end points of the line segment, respectively. Represent any point on the plane, Represents the normal vector of a plane. express arrive The vector, This represents the direction vector of the line segment.

[0047] Preferably, in step S4, the method for calculating the toolpath direction angle of the current layer is as follows:

[0048] The toolpath angle of the current layer is calculated based on the initial toolpath angle and the incremental depth of cut of the tool angle set by the user. The direction in which the toolpath angle of the current layer is defined as the angle between the toolpath angle and the positive x-axis of the local coordinate system of the current machining layer is taken as the main direction, and the direction perpendicular to it is taken as the secondary direction. The main direction is the direction of tool movement, and the secondary direction is the extension direction of the parallel toolpath cutting width.

[0049] Preferably, in step S7, the method for determining the zigzag parallel toolpath within the machining area contour is as follows:

[0050] Find the enclosing generalized rectangle of the current layer's tool center point extreme position contour; draw a line segment passing through the geometric center of the enclosing rectangle along the main direction, with a length four times the length of the diagonal of the enclosing rectangle, and with the geometric center as the midpoint; translate this line segment along the secondary direction and in the opposite direction according to the cutting width as the step size, and the line segment that intersects the contour and is inside the contour is the toolpath; after forming all toolpath segments, connect their ends to form a zigzag toolpath.

[0051] This invention also provides a galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of carbide cutting tools, used to implement the galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of carbide cutting tools described above. The system includes:

[0052] The machining geometry model acquisition module is used to acquire the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool;

[0053] The triangular meshing module is used to perform triangular meshing on the curved surface of the machining area based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of carbide cutting tools.

[0054] The global tool entry point calculation module is used to calculate the global tool entry point;

[0055] The current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module is used to calculate the current layer toolpath direction angle;

[0056] The first judgment module is used to determine whether the planar distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the cutting depth distance of one layer. If it is, the cutting depth starting plane is offset by one cutting depth distance in the opposite direction along the tool axis to obtain the current processing layer. If not, the total cutting depth termination plane is taken as the current processing layer.

[0057] The processing area contour calculation module is used to obtain the processing area contour by finding the intersection between the current processing layer and the processing area triangular mesh.

[0058] The zigzag parallel toolpath calculation module is used to calculate the zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area.

[0059] The second judgment module is used to determine whether there is a valid toolpath. If so, the current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module is executed; otherwise, the machining is completed.

[0060] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this invention application has the following advantages:

[0061] (1) The present invention uses the laser of the galvanometer to perform reciprocating linear cutting in the processing layer. The angle of the parallel toolpath changes in the cutting depth direction of each layer. After the processing is completed, the tool is not lifted, but directly moved from the unified entry point to the next layer to continue processing. When the remaining material is less than the cutting depth of one layer, a toolpath is added to the termination layer of the total cutting depth to remove as much residual material as possible while ensuring that no cutting is performed.

[0062] (2) This invention can be widely used in the chip breaking groove machining process of cemented carbide tools, which can significantly improve machining efficiency.

[0063] (3) This invention has been widely used in the production of various cemented carbide tools. Practice has proven that this technology can support the key links in the processing and manufacturing of cemented carbide tools and has generated huge economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Referring to the accompanying drawings will provide a clearer understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention. The drawings are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort. Wherein:

[0065] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a galvanometer machining method for a chip breaker groove of a cemented carbide tool according to the embodiments provided;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the chip-breaking groove cavity region of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular mesh division of the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the present invention, showing the rotation angle error and chord height error.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular mesh generation process for the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bounding box calculation method for the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the method for finding the intersection of a triangular mesh and a plane according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the machining contour and the extreme position contour of the tool center point on the layered surface of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the toolpath on the layered surface of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of a galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of a cemented carbide tool, as provided in the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0074] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] To address the issues of low CNC programming efficiency and poor adaptability in galvanometer machining of chip breaker grooves for cemented carbide tools, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools, the method comprising:

[0077] S1: Obtain the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove for cemented carbide cutting tools;

[0078] S2: Based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, the surface of the machining area is triangularly meshed;

[0079] S3: Calculate the global entry point;

[0080] S4: Calculate the toolpath direction angle for the current layer;

[0081] S5: Determine whether the plane distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the depth of cut of one layer. If yes, offset the starting plane of the depth of cut by one depth of cut along the tool axis to obtain the current processing layer. If no, take the total depth of cut termination plane as the current processing layer.

[0082] S6: Obtain the outline of the processing area by finding the intersection between the current processing layer and the triangular mesh of the processing area;

[0083] S7: Find a zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area;

[0084] S8: Determine if a valid toolpath exists. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, complete the machining process.

[0085] From the above technical solutions, this invention provides a galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide tools. By triangularly meshing the curved surface of the machining area, it facilitates the subsequent determination of the machining area. By determining the machining layers, machining areas, and the contours of single-layer machining areas, it prepares for toolpath planning. By calculating the global entry point and the toolpath direction angle of the current layer, a zigzag parallel toolpath is obtained within the contour of the machining area. This invention uses the laser of the galvanometer to perform reciprocating linear cutting within the machining layer. The angle of the parallel toolpath changes in the depth of cut direction in each layer. After machining, there is no tool lifting movement; instead, the tool moves directly from a unified entry point to the next layer to continue machining. When the remaining material is less than the depth of cut of one layer, an additional toolpath is added at the termination layer of the total depth of cut to remove as much residual material as possible while ensuring that no overcutting is achieved.

[0086] In this embodiment, in step S1, the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool is obtained. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the chip breaker groove machining area of ​​a cemented carbide tool is generally a concave cavity composed of a cluster of interconnected curved surfaces. Its side and bottom surfaces may be served by one or more curved surfaces, and the normals of all curved surfaces point towards the interior of the cavity. To facilitate the subsequent determination of the machining area, this invention first discretizes the curved surface model, dividing it into a triangular mesh.

[0087] In this embodiment, step S2, the method for triangular meshing the curved surface of the processing area specifically includes:

[0088] S21: In the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, traverse all the surfaces that constitute the cavity;

[0089] S22: For a single surface, map it to the UV parameter space;

[0090] S23: Traverse all curves constituting the surface within the UV parameter space and discretize the curves; the number of discretizations is controlled by two parameters: rotation angle error and chord height error, which respectively limit the angle between the ends of the discretized polylines and the tangents, and the maximum distance from the curves, such as... Figure 3 As shown;

[0091] S24: Perform two-dimensional Delaunay triangulation in the UV parameter space;

[0092] S25: Check if the distances between the geometric centers of all triangles in the meshing results and the original surface conform to the chord height error. If they do, map the meshing results back to three-dimensional space using parametric equations. If they do not, proceed to step S21, inserting new points based on the current meshing results to further discretize all curves. Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the triangular mesh generation process of the machining geometry model for the chip breaker groove.

[0093] In this embodiment, the method for calculating the global tool entry point in step S3 is as follows:

[0094] The directional bounding box (OBB) of the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove is obtained based on the tool axis direction, and the geometric center of the surface of the bounding box perpendicular to the tool axis is used as the entry point of each layer.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method for obtaining the orientation bounding box of the machining geometry model specifically includes:

[0096] Step 1: Traverse the topology of the processed geometric model and obtain the coordinates of all its vertices;

[0097] Step 2: Construct the covariance matrix for this sample set:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, , ; This represents the expected value of sample X, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Y, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Z, which is the mean in this case. Represents the first in sample X The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Y The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Z The values ​​that a variable can take; Indicates the number of variables in samples X and Y;

[0100] Step 3: Find the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix And normalize it, and use it as a basis for the new vector space;

[0101] Step 4: Using the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] Map the original sample points to a new vector space, calculate the axis-aligned bounding box (AABB), and then map the vertex coordinates back to the original coordinate system.

[0104] In the formula, , Both represent vector spaces.

[0105] Furthermore, the method for determining the processing layers, processing areas, and the outline of a single-layer processing area is as follows:

[0106] Processing layers: The starting and ending planes of the processing are obtained through the user-defined cutting depth range. The starting plane is gradually offset towards the ending plane according to the layer cutting depth as the step size to obtain all the processing layers.

[0107] Machining area: The polygon formed by the intersection curve of the cavity boundary surface and a machining layer is the machining area of ​​this machining layer.

[0108] Single-layer machining area contour: The machining area is approximated by the two-dimensional intersection contour of the triangular mesh and the plane. The polygon obtained by the intersection is offset inward by a tool radius to obtain the extreme position contour of the tool center point, that is, the single-layer machining area contour.

[0109] like Figure 6 As shown, the specific methods for finding the intersection of a triangular mesh and a plane include:

[0110] a. Traverse all triangles in the triangular grid;

[0111] b. For a single triangle, if all three vertices are on one side of the plane, there is no intersection point, so skip it directly; otherwise, traverse its three sides and find the intersection point with the plane respectively.

[0112] c. For any given edge, if it is parallel to the plane, skip it; otherwise, calculate the intersection of the line segment and the plane using the following formula:

[0113]

[0114] if This indicates the existence of an intersection point, which can be determined using the following formula.

[0115]

[0116] The location of the intersection point must be determined; otherwise, no intersection point exists.

[0117] In the formula, , These represent the start and end points of the line segment, respectively. Represent any point on the plane, Represents the normal vector of a plane. express arrive The vector, This represents the direction vector of the line segment.

[0118] For a single sub-level, the toolpath is solved within the defined extreme position profile of the tool center point.

[0119] In this embodiment, the method for calculating the current layer toolpath direction angle in step S4 is as follows:

[0120] The toolpath angle of the current layer is calculated based on the initial toolpath angle and the incremental depth of cut of the tool angle set by the user. The direction in which the toolpath angle of the current layer is defined as the angle between the toolpath angle and the positive x-axis of the local coordinate system of the current machining layer is taken as the main direction, and the direction perpendicular to it is taken as the secondary direction. The main direction is the direction of tool movement, and the secondary direction is the extension direction of the parallel toolpath cutting width.

[0121] In this embodiment, in step S5, it is determined whether the planar distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the depth of cut of one layer. If so, the starting plane of the depth of cut is offset by one depth of cut along the tool axis to obtain the current processing layer. If not, the termination plane of the total depth of cut is taken as the current processing layer.

[0122] In this embodiment, in step S6, the outline of the processing area is obtained by intersecting the current processing layer with the triangular mesh of the processing area, such as... Figure 7 As shown.

[0123] In this embodiment, the method for finding the zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area in step S7 is as follows:

[0124] Find the generalized rectangle enclosing the current layer's tool center point's extreme position contour; draw a line segment passing through the geometric center of the enclosing rectangle along the main direction, with a length four times the length of the rectangle's diagonal, and using the geometric center as its midpoint; translate this line segment along the secondary direction and in its opposite direction, respectively, using the cut width as the step size; the line segment intersecting the contour and remaining inside the contour is the toolpath; after forming all toolpath segments, connect their ends to form a zigzag toolpath, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0125] In this embodiment, in step S8, it is determined whether a valid toolpath exists. If yes, step S4 is executed; otherwise, the machining is completed. Specifically, for all layered toolpaths, the endpoint of the previous toolpath is connected to the entry point of each layer obtained above. This allows the galvanometer to move directly along the depth of cut to the starting point of the next toolpath without lifting the tool after each layer is machined. When the remaining material is less than the depth of cut of one layer, an additional toolpath is planned on the termination plane of the total depth of cut to remove all material.

[0126] Example 2

[0127] like Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides a galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools, the system comprising:

[0128] Machining geometry model acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool;

[0129] The triangular meshing module 20 is used to perform triangular meshing on the curved surface of the machining area based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool.

[0130] The global approach point calculation module 30 is used to calculate the global approach point;

[0131] The current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module 40 is used to calculate the current layer toolpath direction angle;

[0132] The first judgment module 50 is used to determine whether the planar distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the cutting depth distance of one layer. If it is, the cutting depth starting plane is offset by one cutting depth distance along the tool axis to obtain the current processing sub-layer. If not, the total cutting depth termination plane is taken as the current processing sub-layer.

[0133] The processing area contour calculation module 60 is used to obtain the processing area contour by intersecting the current processing sub-layer with the processing area triangular mesh;

[0134] The zigzag parallel toolpath calculation module 70 is used to calculate the zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area.

[0135] The second judgment module 80 is used to determine whether there is a valid toolpath. If so, the current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module 40 is executed; otherwise, the machining is completed.

[0136] This embodiment provides a galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of carbide tools, used to implement the aforementioned galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of carbide tools. Therefore, the specific implementation of the galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of carbide tools can be found in the previous section on the embodiments of the galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of carbide tools. For example, the machining geometry model acquisition module 10, the triangular mesh generation module 20, the global tool entry point calculation module 30, the current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module 40, the first judgment module 50, the machining area contour calculation module 60, the zigzag parallel toolpath calculation module 70, and the second judgment module 80 are respectively used to implement steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8 in the aforementioned galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of carbide tools. Therefore, its specific implementation can be referred to the descriptions of the corresponding embodiments. To avoid redundancy, further details are omitted here.

[0137] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves in cemented carbide cutting tools, characterized in that, include: S1: Obtain the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove for cemented carbide cutting tools; S2: Based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, the surface of the machining area is triangularly meshed; S3: Calculate the global entry point; S4: Calculate the toolpath direction angle for the current layer; S5: Determine whether the plane distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the depth of cut of one layer. If yes, offset the starting plane of the depth of cut by one depth of cut along the tool axis to obtain the current processing layer. If no, take the total depth of cut termination plane as the current processing layer. S6: Obtain the outline of the processing area by finding the intersection between the current processing layer and the triangular mesh of the processing area; S7: Find zigzag parallel toolpaths within the machining area contour, including: Find the generalized rectangle enclosing the extreme position contour of the current layer's tool center point; draw a line segment passing through the geometric center of the enclosing rectangle along the main direction, with a length four times the length of the diagonal of the enclosing rectangle, and with the geometric center as the midpoint; translate this line segment along the secondary direction and in the opposite direction according to the cutting width as the step size, and the line segment that intersects the contour and is inside the contour is the toolpath; after forming all toolpath segments, connect their ends to form a zigzag toolpath; the direction that makes an angle with the positive x-axis of the local coordinate system of the current machining layer is the angle of the current layer's toolpath, which is taken as the main direction, and the direction perpendicular to it is taken as the secondary direction, where the main direction is the direction of tool movement, and the secondary direction is the extension direction parallel to the cutting width of the toolpath; S8: Determine if a valid toolpath exists. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, complete the machining process.

2. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the method of triangular meshing the curved surface of the machining area based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool specifically includes: S21: In the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool, traverse all the surfaces that constitute the cavity; S22: For a single surface, map it to the UV parameter space; S23: Traverse all curves that make up the surface in the UV parameter space and discretize the curves; S24: Perform two-dimensional Delaunay triangulation in the UV parameter space; S25: Check whether the distance between all triangles at their geometric centers and the original surface in the meshing results conforms to the chord height error. If it does, map the meshing results back to three-dimensional space through parametric equations. If it does not, execute step S21 to insert new points based on the current meshing results and further discretize all curves.

3. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of discrete curve segments is controlled by two parameters: rotation angle error and chord height error. These parameters limit the angle between the ends of the discrete polylines and the tangent, as well as the maximum distance between the polylines and the curve.

4. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for calculating the global entry point is as follows: The orientation bounding box of the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove is obtained based on the tool axis direction, and the geometric center of the surface of the orientation bounding box perpendicular to the tool axis is taken as the entry point of each layer.

5. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific methods for obtaining the orientation bounding box of the machining geometry model include: Step 1: Traverse the topology of the processed geometric model and obtain the coordinates of all its vertices; Step 2: Construct the covariance matrix for this sample set: ； In the formula, , ; This represents the expected value of sample X, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Y, which is the mean in this case. This represents the expected value of sample Z, which is the mean in this case. Represents the first in sample X The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Y The values ​​that a variable can take; Represents the first in sample Z The values ​​that a variable can take; Indicates the number of variables in samples X and Y; Step 3: Find the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix And normalize it, and use it as a basis for the new vector space; Step 4: Using the following formula: ； Map the original sample points to a new vector space, find the bounding box of the axes, and then map the vertex coordinates back to the original coordinate system. In the formula, , Both represent vector spaces.

6. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the contours of processing layers, processing areas, and single-layer processing areas is as follows: Processing layers: The starting and ending planes of the processing are obtained through the user-defined cutting depth range. The starting plane is gradually offset towards the ending plane according to the layer cutting depth as the step size to obtain all the processing layers. Machining area: The polygon formed by the intersection curve of the cavity boundary surface and a machining layer is the machining area of ​​this machining layer; Single-layer machining area contour: The machining area is approximated by the two-dimensional intersection contour of the triangular mesh and the plane. The polygon obtained by the intersection is offset inward by a tool radius to obtain the extreme position contour of the tool center point, that is, the single-layer machining area contour.

7. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific methods for finding the intersection of a triangular mesh with a plane include: a. Traverse all triangles in the triangular grid; b. For a single triangle, if all three vertices are on one side of the plane, there is no intersection point, so skip it directly; otherwise, traverse its three sides and find the intersection point with the plane respectively. c. For any given edge, if it is parallel to the plane, skip it; otherwise, calculate the intersection of the line segment and the plane using the following formula: ； if This indicates the existence of an intersection point, which can be determined using the following formula. ； The location of the intersection point must be determined; otherwise, no intersection point exists. In the formula, , These represent the start and end points of the line segment, respectively. Represent any point on the plane, Represents the normal vector of a plane. express arrive The vector, This represents the direction vector of the line segment.

8. The galvanometer machining method for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the method for calculating the toolpath direction angle of the current layer is as follows: The toolpath angle of the current layer is calculated based on the initial toolpath angle and the incremental tool angle in the depth of cut direction set by the user.

9. A galvanometer machining system for chip breaker grooves of cemented carbide cutting tools, characterized in that, A galvanometer machining method for realizing the chip breaker groove of a carbide tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes: The machining geometry model acquisition module is used to acquire the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of the carbide tool; The triangular meshing module is used to perform triangular meshing on the curved surface of the machining area based on the machining geometry model of the chip breaker groove of carbide cutting tools. The global tool entry point calculation module is used to calculate the global tool entry point; The current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module is used to calculate the current layer toolpath direction angle; The first judgment module is used to determine whether the planar distance from the current layer to the termination plane is greater than or equal to the cutting depth distance of one layer. If it is, the cutting depth starting plane is offset by one cutting depth distance in the opposite direction along the tool axis to obtain the current processing sub-layer. If not, the total cutting depth termination plane is taken as the current processing sub-layer. The processing area contour calculation module is used to obtain the processing area contour by finding the intersection between the current processing layer and the processing area triangular mesh. The zigzag parallel toolpath calculation module is used to calculate the zigzag parallel toolpath within the contour of the machining area. The second judgment module is used to determine whether there is a valid toolpath. If so, the current layer toolpath direction angle calculation module is executed; otherwise, the machining is completed.

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