A corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the technical field of damping steel and corrosion-resistant steel. The Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, by weight percentage, has the following alloy composition: C: 0.005-0.045%, Si: 0.1-0.6%, Mn: 12-32%, Al: 0.02-0.08%, Cu: 0.02-2%, Cr: 0.01-1%, Ni: 0.02-1%, Sb: 0-0.8%, Sn: 0-0.8% and (Sb+Sn)≤0.8%, P: ≤0.015%, S: ≤0.005%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable trace impurities. This Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel exhibits a corrosion rate 1-4 times lower than traditional 17Mn damping steel in polluted marine atmospheric environments, demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical fields of damping steel and corrosion-resistant steel. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demands of modern industrial development have led to a continuous increase in the power of large machinery, which in turn has resulted in a rise in harmful noise generated by vibration. This high-intensity vibration can cause material fatigue, reducing the reliability of mechanical components and potentially leading to hidden dangers and even significant losses across various industries. For example, the vibration and noise generated by the core components of large military equipment, particularly the engine, can interfere with the normal operation of the equipment and reduce its concealment. A survey by a US national authority found that at least one-tenth of the world's workers are working in environments with severe noise pollution (above 90 dB). Various complex noises not only reduce people's quality of life but also stimulate the central nervous system, inducing various diseases. Furthermore, the complexity of noise sources keeps noise reduction costs high, making noise reduction a priority for many countries. Suppressing mechanical vibration and noise mainly involves three methods: first, structurally reinforcing components to suppress vibration and noise; second, adding sound insulation devices to mechanical equipment; and third, using new vibration-damping materials. The first two methods increase the size and weight of the machinery, making the situation more complex and increasing costs. Therefore, for mechanical and structural parts operating under dynamic conditions, using high-damping alloys to reduce the resonant peak stress of vibration is an effective way to reduce harmful vibration and noise.

[0003] Since Baik et al. discovered the excellent internal friction properties of iron-manganese binary alloys, iron-manganese-based vibration damping steel has attracted widespread attention from scholars both domestically and internationally due to its low cost. Although iron-manganese-based vibration damping and noise reduction steel possesses numerous advantages such as high strength, good damping performance, and lower cost compared to copper-based and nickel-based vibration damping alloys, its corrosion resistance in special environments such as navigation and military applications, especially in harsh service environments like the marine industrial atmosphere, limits its further application. With increasingly stringent requirements for the large-scale, green, and long-life characteristics of military equipment, ensuring the safe operation of Fe-Mn damping steel in marine industrial atmospheric environments has become a core key factor restricting its rapid development and application.

[0004] In the prior art, invention patent CN107699668A discloses a method for improving the corrosion resistance of iron-manganese damping alloys. This method promotes the volatilization of surface manganese through high-temperature treatment at 1250℃ in a vacuum environment, resulting in a manganese-depleted zone of pure ferrite structure tens of micrometers thick on the steel surface. This reduces the interfacial galvanic corrosion effect, thereby improving corrosion resistance. However, this method requires sophisticated equipment, is difficult to implement in industrial production, and the material contains approximately 1% Nb and Ti, leading to high alloy costs and hindering widespread adoption.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN115323280A discloses a high-strength, high-toughness, and high-damping alloy resistant to industrial atmospheric corrosion and its preparation method. This method improves the alloy's corrosion resistance in industrial atmospheric environments by adding corrosion-resistant elements such as Cu and Ni, while controlling the proportion of Cu and Ni to prevent hot brittleness that could affect the alloy's plasticity and toughness. Although this method improves the steel's corrosion resistance, it is suitable for mild urban industrial atmospheric environments. For highly acidic and polluted marine atmospheric environments, the addition of Cu and Ni has little effect on improving corrosion resistance.

[0006] Chinese patent CN115404412A discloses a high-strength, high-toughness, corrosion-resistant iron-manganese damping alloy containing Mo and its preparation method. This method involves adding 0.2-1.2% Mo, smelting in a converter or electric furnace at 1080-1240℃ for 1-4 hours, followed by rolling at an initial rolling temperature of 1030-1170℃ and a final rolling temperature of 760-910℃, then water-cooling to room temperature. Subsequently, it undergoes heat treatment at 700-1000℃ for 30-90 minutes, followed by water cooling to room temperature to obtain the target iron-manganese damping alloy. While this method is simple and produces excellent performance, it does not significantly improve corrosion resistance, and the addition of Mo significantly increases the alloy cost, making it unsuitable for large-scale production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, its preparation method, and its application. This invention overcomes the current situation of insufficient corrosion resistance of existing Fe-Mn damping steel, and provides a simple and low-cost method that can improve the resistance of damping steel to corrosion from polluted marine atmospheres while ensuring that the damping steel still retains excellent strength, toughness, and damping performance. It can be widely applied in marine military vibration-damping and noise-reducing equipment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, the alloy composition of which, by weight percentage, is: C: 0.005-0.045%, Si: 0.1-0.6%, Mn: 12-32%, Al: 0.02-0.08%, Cu: 0.02-2%, Cr: 0.01-1%, Ni: 0.02-1%, Sb: 0-0.8%, Sn: 0-0.8% and (Sb+Sn)≤0.8%, P: ≤0.015%, S: ≤0.005%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable trace impurity elements.

[0010] Furthermore, the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel has a yield strength ≥345MPa, tensile strength ≥500MPa, elongation after fracture ≥35%, and impact absorption energy at -40℃ ≥200J.

[0011] Furthermore, the metallographic structure of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel includes ε-martensite and austenite.

[0012] This invention does not specify any particular metal raw materials for the preparation of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, as long as they meet the steel composition requirements in the technical solution.

[0013] This invention aims to improve the corrosion resistance of Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel in polluted marine atmospheric environments by adding a certain amount of Sb and Sn elements. This increases the self-corrosion potential of the steel and promotes the formation of protective corrosion products on the steel surface, thereby improving corrosion resistance. However, Sb and Sn are common harmful elements, and excessive addition can easily lead to grain boundary segregation, causing the steel to crack. Therefore, the addition amount should meet the following mass percentage requirement: (Sb+Sn)≤0.8%.

[0014] The mechanisms of action of each alloying element in this invention are as follows:

[0015] C: Carbon is the main strengthening element in steel, but increasing the C content increases the stacking fault energy of steel and reduces the damping source interface. As interstitial atoms, C tends to agglomerate in the Suzuki air mass, which has a lower ability to form stacking fault regions, thus pinning and hindering the movement of the damping source interface and reducing the damping performance of steel. On the other hand, increasing the C content is also detrimental to the corrosion resistance of steel. Taking all factors into consideration, this invention selects an ultra-low carbon system with a C content between 0.005% and 0.045%.

[0016] Si: For damping steel, the addition of Si can reduce stacking fault energy, increase the stacking fault probability and the number of Shockley partial dislocations in the alloy's γ-austenite and ε-martensite. Si causes significant lattice distortion and a marked increase in vacancy defects, making it difficult for Shockley partial dislocations to move, which is detrimental to damping performance. For smelting, Si is an important deoxidizer. In addition, the addition of Si is also beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of steel. Considering the above factors, the Si content in this invention is between 0.1% and 0.6%.

[0017] The damping performance of Mn:Fe-Mn steel is mainly determined by stacking faults in ε-martensite, stacking faults in γ-martensite, the γ / ε two-phase interface, and the phase interfaces of various martensite variants. Among these, ε-martensite plays a major role, and its content is primarily influenced by Mn content. Changes in Mn content significantly affect the phase composition and quantity in damping steel. With increasing Mn content, the amount of α′ martensite decreases, the content of ε-martensite increases, the number of extended dislocations increases, and their mobility is enhanced, thus improving damping performance. On the one hand, Mn can improve the pitting corrosion resistance of steel; on the other hand, Mn corrosion products have high conductivity, which easily increases the interfacial activity between the steel matrix and the products, hindering the improvement of corrosion resistance. Considering all factors, this invention controls the Mn content between 12% and 32%.

[0018] Al: Al is a common deoxidizer, and its addition also has the effect of refining grains. The addition of Al increases the α′ martensite content in the damping steel microstructure, pins Shockley partial dislocation movement, and leads to a decrease in stacking fault mobility, which is detrimental to the improvement of damping performance. Al can form a relatively dense corrosion product Al2O3, which significantly improves the corrosion resistance of steel, especially for high manganese steel. Taking all the above into consideration, the Al content in this invention is between 0.02% and 0.08%.

[0019] Cu: Cu is considered the element most relevant to the corrosion resistance of weathering steel, especially in industrial atmospheric environments. There are currently two main theories regarding the improvement of corrosion resistance by Cu: one is that Cu accumulates in the inner rust layer as CuO, blocking the pores and gaps in the inner rust layer; the other is that the steel and the Cu secondary precipitation on the surface undergo cathodic contact, promoting the anodic passivation of the steel substrate, thereby generating a more protective rust layer. Furthermore, the combined addition of Cu with Sb and Ni elements has a better effect on improving corrosion resistance. Therefore, the Cu content in this invention is between 0.02% and 2%.

[0020] Cr: The addition of Cr can increase the stacking fault energy of Fe-Mn damping steel, reduce the stacking fault probability of steel and the number of Shockley partial dislocations. The atomic radius of Cr is slightly larger than that of Fe, and the lattice distortion is limited. It has a slightly adverse effect on the damping performance, but Cr is the main element to improve the corrosion resistance of the material. Taking all factors into consideration, the Cr content in this invention is between 0.01% and 1%.

[0021] Ni: In weathering steel, Ni can improve the low-temperature toughness of the steel and reduce the hot brittleness damage caused by Cu enrichment on the surface. Ni can shift the self-corrosion potential of the steel surface positively, improving the thermodynamic stability of the steel. When the content reaches 4%, Ni blocks Cl... - Ni can prevent the intrusion of rust, inhibit acidification in the rust layer, slow down further corrosion of the steel, and significantly improve the steel's resistance to marine atmospheric corrosion. However, in polluted marine environments, Ni's effect on improving corrosion resistance is not significant, while the cost of steel increases considerably. Considering the above, the Ni content in this invention is between 0.02% and 1%.

[0022] Sb: Adding trace amounts of Sb to steel can significantly improve its resistance to sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid corrosion, and it is inexpensive and simple to prepare. Sufficient Sb can form a complex Cu2Sb with Cu, which deposits on the sample surface, inhibiting anodic and cathodic reactions and significantly reducing the corrosion rate of weathering steel. Furthermore, when the Sb content is added to 0.1 wt.%, pitting corrosion does not occur in the early stages of corrosion. However, excessive Sb content affects the mechanical properties of the steel; therefore, the Sb content in this invention is between 0-0.8%.

[0023] Sn: The trace addition of Sn has an effect on the corrosion resistance of steel. Adding Sn makes the rust layer of weathering steel more uniform and inhibits anodic dissolution, thereby reducing the corrosion rate. Sn can weaken the Fermi level of steel, reduce its electrochemical activity, and improve corrosion resistance. Furthermore, Sn can interact with Cu or Sb to enhance corrosion resistance. However, Sn is considered one of the five harmful elements in steel because it worsens weldability, increases fracture tendency, and affects the mechanical properties of steel. Therefore, to ensure the mechanical properties of the steel, considering all factors, the Sn content in this invention is between 0-0.8%, and (Sb+Sn)≤0.8%.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, wherein the specific rolling and heat treatment steps are as follows:

[0025] (1) Rolling temperature: 960-1050℃, the reduction per rolling pass is 15-17%, reciprocating rolling 8-9 times, the temperature after hot rolling is controlled at 920-880℃, the final plate thickness is 20-40mm, water cooling is used to ensure the plate temperature is 400-440℃ after cooling, and then air cooling to room temperature.

[0026] (2) After rolling, the steel plate undergoes cyclic quenching and tempering treatment. The cyclic quenching is divided into two steps. The first quenching temperature is 950-1050℃, and after holding for 1-1.5h, it is water-cooled to room temperature. The second quenching temperature is 800-950℃, and after holding for 1-1.5h, it is water-cooled to room temperature again. The tempering process is: holding at 350-500℃ for 1-2h, and then air-cooled to room temperature to obtain corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration damping and noise reduction damping steel.

[0027] Furthermore, before rolling, the billet is held at 1200-1300℃ for 2-2.5 hours.

[0028] Furthermore, the billet is obtained by ingot casting or continuous casting after the metal raw materials have been smelted.

[0029] Furthermore, the metal raw material is smelted using a converter smelting method.

[0030] Thirdly, this invention provides an application of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel or the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel prepared by the aforementioned preparation method in a polluted marine atmospheric environment.

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel of this invention can ensure that the steel has good strength and toughness: yield strength ≥345MPa, tensile strength ≥500MPa, elongation after fracture ≥35%, and impact absorption energy at -40℃ ≥200J; the corrosion rate in polluted marine atmospheric environments is reduced by 1-4 times compared with traditional 17Mn damping steel, showing excellent corrosion resistance, and the damping performance is also maintained at a high level, with a logarithmic decay rate ≥0.20.

[0033] This invention utilizes the corrosion resistance advantages of Sb and Sn elements in acidic environments to propose an iron-manganese damping steel for use in polluted marine atmospheres. Both of these elements can suppress HSO3. - The acidification caused by hydrolysis accumulates at the pits, and the addition of Cu and Ni elements significantly improves the steel's resistance to pitting and uniform corrosion. High Sb and Sn contents tend to segregate at grain boundaries, affecting the overall performance of the steel. Therefore, this invention utilizes a higher pre-rolling temperature and appropriately extended holding time to promote uniform element distribution. This is followed by a circulating quenching and tempering process to refine the grains. The nanoscale carbides generated during aging reduce the dissolved carbon content in ε-martensite, further stabilizing austenite. This ensures the steel maintains high strength and toughness while increasing the driving force for dislocation slip, reducing stacking fault energy, and achieving better damping performance. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1The image shows the metallographic structure of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0037] The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel of the present invention has the following alloy composition by weight percentage: C: 0.005-0.045%, Si: 0.1-0.6%, Mn: 12-32%, Al: 0.02-0.08%, Cu: 0.02-2%, Cr: 0.01-1%, Ni: 0.02-1%, Sb: 0-0.8%, Sn: 0-0.8% and (Sb+Sn)≤0.8%, P: ≤0.015%, S: ≤0.005%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable trace impurity elements.

[0038] The method for preparing corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel of the present invention includes: smelting metal raw materials by converter smelting, and obtaining iron-manganese damping steel billets by die casting or continuous casting.

[0039] After the billet is held at 1200-1300℃ for 2 hours in a box-type resistance furnace, rolling begins. The initial rolling temperature is 960-1050℃, and the reduction in each rolling pass is 15%. The rolling is repeated 8 times. The temperature after hot rolling is controlled at 920-880℃, and the final plate thickness is 20-40mm. The plate is then cooled by water to ensure that the temperature of the steel plate after cooling is 400-440℃, and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0040] After rolling, the steel plate needs to undergo cyclic quenching and tempering. Cyclic quenching consists of two steps: the first quenching temperature is 950-1050℃, held for 1 hour, and then water-cooled to room temperature; the second quenching temperature is 800-950℃, held for 1 hour, and then water-cooled again to room temperature. The tempering heat treatment process involves holding at 350-500℃ for 1-2 hours, followed by air cooling to room temperature to obtain the final steel plate.

[0041] Examples 1-15

[0042] Table 1 shows the chemical composition and weight percentage of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention. The comparative example is a Fe-17Mn binary alloy, while the embodiments of the present invention are all Fe-Mn-Sb-Sn multi-component damping steels. Table 2 shows the rolling process of each embodiment and comparative example of the present invention, Table 3 shows the heat treatment process of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention, and Table 4 shows the performance of the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention after corresponding heat treatment. As can be seen from the tables, the damping performance is not significantly different between the embodiments and the comparative examples. The Fe-Mn-Sb-Sn multi-component damping steels with different Sb and Sn contents all exhibit better corrosion resistance than the Fe-17Mn damping steel, while the appropriate Cu-Ni-Sb-Sn ratio in the embodiments shows better overall performance.

[0043] Table 1. List of chemical components and weight percentages (wt.%) of various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention.

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Table 2 Rolling processes of various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention

[0047]

[0048] Table 3 Heat treatment processes of various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention.

[0049]

[0050] Table 4. Overall performance of each embodiment and comparative example of the present invention.

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Note: The corrosion test is a 14-day weekly immersion test, with alternating wet and dry cycles every hour. Each cycle has an immersion time of 15 minutes and a drying time of 45 minutes. The test medium is a 3.5% NaCl + 0.01M NaHSO3 solution with a pH of 3.85. The temperature inside the test chamber is 35℃ and the humidity is 90%.

[0054] Figure 1 The microstructure of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel prepared in Example 1 is mainly composed of ε-martensite and austenite.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel, characterized in that, By weight percentage, its alloy components are: C: 0.005 - 0.045%, Si: 0.1 - 0.6%, Mn: 12 - 32%, Al: 0.02 - 0.08%, Cu: 0.02 - 2%, Cr: 0.01 - 1%, Ni: 0.02 - 1%, 0 < Sb ≤ 0.8%, 0 < Sn ≤ 0.8% and (Sb + Sn) ≤ 0.8%, P: ≤ 0.015%, S: ≤ 0.005%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable trace impurity elements; The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration reduction, noise reduction and damping steel is as follows. The specific rolling and heat treatment steps are: (1) The starting rolling temperature: 960 - 1050 °C, the reduction per rolling pass is 15 - 17%, and it is rolled back and forth for 8 - 9 passes. The temperature after hot rolling is controlled at 920 - 880 °C, the final thickness of the rolled plate is 20 - 40 mm, and it is cooled by water through the sheet to ensure that the temperature of the steel plate after cooling is 400 - 440 °C, and then air-cooled to room temperature; (2) After rolling, the steel plate is subjected to cyclic quenching and tempering treatment; the cyclic quenching is divided into two steps. The first quenching temperature is: 950 - 1050 °C, after holding for 1 - 1.5 h, it is water-cooled to room temperature; the second quenching temperature is: 800 - 950 °C, after holding for 1 - 1.5 h, it is water-cooled to room temperature again; the process of the tempering treatment is: holding at 350 - 500 °C for 1 - 2 h, and then air-cooled to room temperature to obtain the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration reduction, noise reduction and damping steel.

2. The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yield strength of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration reduction, noise reduction and damping steel is ≥ 345 MPa, the tensile strength is ≥ 500 MPa, the elongation after fracture is ≥ 35%, and the impact absorption energy at -40 °C is ≥ 200 J.

3. The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallographic structure of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration reduction, noise reduction and damping steel includes ε-martensite and austenite.

4. The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before rolling, the casting blank is held at 1200 - 1300 °C for 2 - 2.5 hours.

5. The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The casting blank is obtained by die casting or continuous casting after melting of metal raw materials.

6. The corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration-damping and noise-reducing steel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The melting of the metal raw materials is carried out by converter melting.

7. Application of the corrosion-resistant Fe-Mn vibration reduction, noise reduction and damping steel according to any one of claims 1 - 6 in a polluted marine atmospheric environment.

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