An azimuth and elevation angle compound adjusting table suitable for large optical elements

Abstract

The application provides an azimuth and elevation angle compound adjusting table for large optical elements. The azimuth adjusting link and the elevation adjusting link are integrated, so that the compound adjusting table is more compact, and is convenient to move and use. The azimuth angle and the elevation angle are driven by independent driving devices, and corresponding position feedback components are equipped, so that high-resolution adjustment of the azimuth angle and the elevation angle can be realized, and high repeat positioning precision is achieved. In addition to the above characteristics, the application also has the characteristics of high load capacity, low cost, easy assembly and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision machinery and optoelectronic instruments, and in particular relates to a composite adjustment platform for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components. Background Technology

[0002] Adjustment tables are common auxiliary equipment in optical inspection and system assembly work. They are mainly used to adjust the position and angle of optical components. Large optical components (such as standard plane mirrors) usually only require precise adjustment of azimuth and pitch angles.

[0003] Common azimuth and pitch angle adjustment platforms are often spliced ​​together from a separate azimuth adjustment platform and a pitch adjustment platform. The "spliced" adjustment platform obtained by this method has prominent problems such as large size, heavy weight, and difficulty in movement, which is inconvenient for users and limits the improvement of the efficiency of optical inspection and system assembly and adjustment. At the same time, common azimuth and pitch angle adjustment platforms have disadvantages such as weak load-bearing capacity and small platform size, which are not suitable for adjusting large optical components.

[0004] This invention proposes a composite adjustment stage for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components, which has significant advantages such as compact structure, strong load-bearing capacity, large stage size, and high degree of automation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a composite adjustment stage for the azimuth and pitch angles of large optical components.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention proposes a composite adjustment stage for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components. The composite adjustment stage includes an azimuth adjustment section, a pitch adjustment section, a mounting plate, a base plate, and a sliding plate. The azimuth adjustment section is mounted on the base plate, and its driving device is a brake stepper motor. The power of the brake stepper motor is transmitted to the sliding plate through a right-angle reversing reducer and a gear transmission assembly. The sliding plate is guided by an arc-shaped guide rail during movement to achieve azimuth angle adjustment. The driving device for the pitch adjustment section is a lifting device with linear lifting function. This lifting device is mounted on the base plate, and a ball bearing conveyor is installed on its top. The moving part of the ball bearing conveyor... The component is a steel ball, which contacts but is not fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate. Under the combined action of the lifting device and the ball conveying device, the mounting plate can rotate around two coaxially mounted hinges to achieve pitch angle adjustment. To make the structure of the composite adjustment platform more compact, the structures of the orientation adjustment link and the pitch adjustment link are integrated into the design. Specifically, the hinge is mounted on the slide plate, that is, the hinge can rotate along the rotation axis of the arc guide rail with the slide plate, thereby achieving orientation adjustment of the mounting plate. Furthermore, the center of the steel ball in the ball conveying device is placed on the rotation axis of the arc guide rail, so that when the lifting device moves, the center of the steel ball always moves on the rotation axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the brake built into the tail of the brake stepper motor can achieve power-off self-locking of the orientation adjustment mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the input shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer is connected to the brake stepper motor, and the output shaft is connected to the gear transmission assembly. This not only improves the motor's output capacity but also changes the rotation direction of the motor's output shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the gear transmission assembly consists of a gear and a gear ring, which are internally meshed. The gear is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer, and the gear ring is fixed on the slide plate.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to prevent the bottom surface of the mounting plate from detaching from the ball conveying device or even overturning under the action of external force, two tension-type nitrogen springs are installed between the mounting plate and the base plate, respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting device.

[0011] Furthermore, the hinge contains a pair of angular contact ball bearings mounted back-to-back. The inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing mates with the hinge shaft, and the outer ring mates with the upper support leg. The locking nut mates with the bearing spacer to achieve pre-tightening of the angular contact ball bearing. The upper and lower support legs are connected to the mounting plate and the sliding plate respectively by screws. The upper support leg is machined with a flexible groove to absorb the assembly stress caused by the accumulation of part machining errors and surface unevenness during the assembly of the composite adjustment table.

[0012] Furthermore, both the azimuth adjustment stage and the pitch adjustment stage incorporate a position feedback component, which includes a position feedback sensor and limit switches. The position feedback sensor feeds back the mounting plate position information to the control system in real time, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the drive device. The limit switches are distributed at the positive and negative limit positions of the moving parts, which can realize the electrical limit protection of the composite adjustment table.

[0013] Furthermore, in the orientation adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the grating ruler holder. The grating ruler holder is mounted on the slide plate with screws and positioned by two pins, so that the axis of its outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the arc guide rail. The limit switch is installed at the positive and negative limit positions of the slide plate to realize the electrical limit protection of the orientation adjustment process.

[0014] Furthermore, in the pitch adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the upper support leg of the hinge. Through design and processing, it is ensured that the outer cylindrical surface is coaxial with the bearing mounting hole of the upper support leg, that is, that the axis of the outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the pitch adjustment. The limit switch is installed inside the lifting device, and the electrical limit protection of the pitch adjustment process is indirectly realized by limiting the lifting device.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. The azimuth and pitch angle composite adjustment platform provided by the present invention uses an arc guide rail in the azimuth adjustment stage and a hinge device in the pitch adjustment stage. The structural design integrates the two adjustment stages, ensuring that the two degrees of freedom adjustment are decoupled from each other, while the structure is more compact, has a greater load-bearing capacity, and a larger platform size.

[0016] 2. The azimuth and pitch angle composite adjustment stage provided by the present invention has two adjustment links driven by their respective drive devices and equipped with independent position feedback components, which can perform closed-loop control, realize high-resolution adjustment and high repeatability positioning accuracy of azimuth and pitch angles, and have a high degree of automation and are very convenient to use.

[0017] 3. The hinge used in this invention has a flexible groove, which can absorb the assembly stress inside the product, overcome problems such as uneven surface of parts and poor machining accuracy, improve the assembly efficiency of the composite adjustment table, and ensure the stability of the internal stress state of the composite adjustment table during use, as well as the constant angle and attitude of the large optical components carried by the composite adjustment table. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the azimuth and pitch angle composite adjustment platform of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the rotation axis of the circular arc guide rail and the center of the steel ball inside the ball conveying device. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hinge (the grating ruler and reading head are not shown). Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the position feedback component in the pitch adjustment process; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the position feedback component in the orientation adjustment process.

[0020] The components listed are: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Hinge; 3. Limit switch; 4. Slide plate; 5. Arc guide rail; 6. Support plate; 7. Support block; 8. Base plate; 9. Gear ring; 10. Reducer bracket; 11. Gear; 12. Support assembly; 13. Adapter plate; 14. Tension-type nitrogen spring; 15. Lifting device; 16. Ball conveying device; 17. Right-angle reversing reducer; 18. Brake stepper motor; 19. Upper support leg; 20. Lower support leg; 21. Nut; 22. Hinge shaft; 23. Angular contact ball bearing; 24. Bearing spacer; 25. First grating ruler; 26. First reading head; 27. Grating ruler seat; 28. Second reading head; 29. ​​Second grating ruler; 30. Expansion connecting sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] This invention proposes a composite adjustment stage for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components. The composite adjustment stage includes an azimuth adjustment section, a pitch adjustment section, a mounting plate, a base plate, and a sliding plate. The azimuth adjustment section is mounted on the base plate, and its driving device is a brake stepper motor. The power of the brake stepper motor is transmitted to the sliding plate via a right-angle reversing reducer and a gear transmission assembly. The sliding plate is guided by an arc-shaped guide rail during movement to achieve azimuth angle adjustment. The driving device for the pitch adjustment section is a lifting device with linear lifting function. This lifting device is mounted on the base plate, and a ball bearing conveyor is mounted on its top. The moving part of the ball bearing conveyor is a steel ball. The ball contacts but is not fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate. Under the combined action of the lifting device and the ball conveying device, the mounting plate can rotate around two coaxially mounted hinges to achieve pitch angle adjustment. To make the structure of the composite adjustment platform more compact, the structures of the azimuth adjustment link and the pitch adjustment link are integrated into the design. Specifically, the hinge is mounted on the slide plate, meaning the hinge can rotate along the rotation axis of the arc guide rail with the slide plate, thereby achieving azimuth adjustment of the mounting plate. Furthermore, the center of the steel ball in the ball conveying device is placed on the rotation axis of the arc guide rail, so that when the lifting device moves, the center of the steel ball always moves on this rotation axis. This structural design effectively reduces the height of the composite adjustment platform, making the structure more compact, while still ensuring that the azimuth and pitch adjustments do not affect each other.

[0023] The brake built into the tail of the brake stepper motor can achieve power-off self-locking of the orientation adjustment mechanism.

[0024] The input shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer is connected to the brake stepper motor, and the output shaft is connected to the gear transmission assembly. While improving the output capacity of the motor, it can also change the rotation direction of the motor's output shaft, making the structure more compact.

[0025] The gear transmission assembly consists of a gear and a gear ring, which are internally meshed. The gear is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer, and the gear ring is fixed on the slide plate.

[0026] Compared to traditional thrust bearings or turntable bearings, the circular arc guide rail is more suitable for the orientation adjustment process. Large optical components require a limited range of angle adjustment during use and do not need to rotate a full circle. The circular arc guide rail not only achieves a larger radius of rotation but also has a smaller volume and lighter weight.

[0027] To prevent the bottom surface of the mounting plate from detaching from the ball conveying device or even overturning under external force, two tension-type nitrogen springs are installed between the mounting plate and the base plate, respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting device.

[0028] The hinge contains a pair of angular contact ball bearings mounted back-to-back. The inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing mates with the hinge shaft, and the outer ring mates with the upper support leg. The locking nut mates with the bearing spacer to achieve pre-tightening of the angular contact ball bearing. The upper and lower support legs are connected to the mounting plate and the sliding plate respectively by screws. The upper support leg is machined with a flexible groove to absorb the assembly stress caused by the accumulation of part machining errors and surface unevenness during the assembly of the composite adjustment table.

[0029] Both the azimuth adjustment and pitch adjustment stages incorporate position feedback components, which include position feedback sensors and limit switches. The position feedback sensors provide real-time feedback of the mounting plate position information to the control system, thereby enabling closed-loop control of the drive device. The limit switches are located at the positive and negative limit positions of the moving parts, providing electrical limit protection for the composite adjustment platform.

[0030] In the orientation adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the grating ruler holder. The grating ruler holder is mounted on the slide plate with screws and positioned by two pins, so that the axis of its outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the arc guide rail. The limit switch is installed at the positive and negative limit positions of the slide plate to realize the electrical limit protection of the orientation adjustment process.

[0031] In the pitch adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the upper support leg of the hinge. Through design and processing, it is ensured that the outer cylindrical surface is coaxial with the bearing mounting hole of the upper support leg, that is, that the axis of the outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the pitch adjustment. The limit switch is installed inside the lifting device, and indirectly realizes the electrical limit protection of the pitch adjustment process by limiting the lifting device.

[0032] This invention proposes a composite azimuth and pitch angle adjustment stage suitable for large optical components. Structurally, the azimuth and pitch adjustment mechanisms are integrated, resulting in a more compact structure that is easy to move and use. The azimuth and pitch angles are driven by independent drive devices and equipped with corresponding position feedback components, enabling high-resolution adjustment of both angles with high repeatability. In addition to these features, this invention also boasts high load capacity, low cost, and ease of assembly.

[0033] The implementation of the technical solution will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to more clearly illustrate the structure and its operation method.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention proposes a composite adjustment stage for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components, including an azimuth adjustment stage, a pitch adjustment stage, and structural components such as a mounting plate 1, a base plate 8, and a sliding plate 4. It is mainly used to realize the adjustment of the azimuth and pitch angles of large optical components.

[0035] The adjustment of the azimuth angle of the composite adjustment platform is driven by the brake stepper motor 18. The brake stepper motor 18 integrates a brake at its tail. The rotational motion of the brake stepper motor 18 is transmitted to the slide plate 4 through the right-angle reversing reducer 17, gear 11 and gear ring 9. The slide plate 4 is guided by the arc guide rail 5 when it moves. A limit switch 3 is installed at each of the positive and negative limit positions of the slide plate 4 to realize electrical limit protection during the azimuth angle adjustment process.

[0036] The output shaft of the brake stepper motor 18 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer 17, which is fixed to the support plate 6 via a reducer bracket 10. A gear 11 is fixed to the output shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer 17 using a shrink-fitting connecting sleeve 30, and the gear 11 meshes with a gear ring 9 fixed to the slide plate 4. To improve the rigidity of the output shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer 17, a support assembly 12 with an internal deep groove ball bearing is also installed at its bottom.

[0037] The slide rail of the arc guide rail 5 is fixed on the support plate 6, and its slider is fixedly connected to the slide plate 4. Driven by the brake stepper motor 18, the slide plate 4 can make arc motion under the guidance of the arc guide rail 5.

[0038] The pitch angle of the composite adjustment platform is adjusted by the lifting device 15, which is fixed to the base plate 8 by screws. A ball conveying device 16 is fixedly installed at its top and contacts the mounting plate 1.

[0039] The moving part of the ball conveying device 16 is a steel ball. The steel ball is in contact with the bottom surface of the mounting plate 1 but is not fixed. When the lifting device 15 is raised or lowered, the mounting plate 1 can rotate around the two hinges 2 that are coaxially mounted on the slide plate 4. During this process, the ball conveying device 16 and the mounting plate 1 move relative to each other. The steel ball inside the ball conveying device 16 can convert sliding friction into rolling friction, which improves the transmission efficiency and service life of the pitch adjustment link.

[0040] With the hinge 2 connected, the mounting plate 1 can move in an arc along the rotation axis of the arc guide rail 5 in the azimuth direction along the slide plate 4. In order to decouple the arc movement of the mounting plate 1 in the azimuth and pitch directions, the center of the ball of the ball conveying device 16 is placed on the rotation axis of the arc guide rail 5 during assembly.

[0041] The lifting device 15 is essentially an electric cylinder, which consists of a motor and a lead screw transmission assembly. Preferably, a lifting device 15 with a limit function is selected, and then through reasonable structural design, it is ensured that the mounting plate 1 will not interfere with other components of the composite adjustment platform within the entire stroke range of the lifting device 15, thereby indirectly realizing the electrical limit protection function during the pitch angle adjustment process.

[0042] The structure of hinge 2 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it contains a pair of angular contact ball bearings 23 mounted back-to-back. The inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing 23 mates with the hinge shaft 22, and the outer ring mates with the upper support leg 19. The locking nut 21 mates with the bearing spacer 24 to achieve preload of the angular contact ball bearing 23. The upper support leg 19 and the lower support leg 20 are connected to the mounting plate 1 and the sliding plate 4 respectively by screws. The upper support leg 19 is machined with flexible grooves to absorb the assembly stress caused by the accumulation of part machining errors and surface unevenness during the assembly of the composite adjustment table.

[0043] Since the ball conveying device 16 is only in contact with but not fixed to the mounting plate 1, two tension-type nitrogen springs 14 are installed on both sides of the lifting device 15 to prevent the mounting plate 1 from tipping over under external force. The two ends of the tension-type nitrogen springs 14 are fixed to the mounting plate 1 and the base plate 8 respectively with screws. Specifically, the joints at both ends of the tension-type nitrogen springs 14 are ball joints, which ensures that the posture of the tension-type nitrogen springs 14 can be adjusted with the movement of the mounting plate 1, preventing jamming of the composite adjustment table during operation.

[0044] Preferably, in this embodiment, position feedback sensors are provided in both the azimuth and pitch adjustment stages, which can directly measure the azimuth and pitch angles of the mounting plate 1. Specifically, an optical grating ruler suitable for angle measurement scenarios is selected in conjunction with a reading head for angle measurement feedback. The pitch angle is fed back by the first optical grating ruler 25 and the first reading head 26. The first optical grating ruler 25 is directly mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper support leg 19 of the hinge 2. The outer cylindrical surface is coaxial with the bearing mounting hole of the upper support leg 19. The first reading head 26 is fixedly mounted on the lower support leg 20. The azimuth angle is fed back by the second optical grating ruler 29 and the second reading head 28. The second optical grating ruler 29 is mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the optical grating ruler seat 27. The central rotation axis of the outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the arc guide rail 5. The second reading head 28 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 6.

[0045] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a composite azimuth and pitch angle adjustment stage suitable for large optical components proposed in this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite adjustment stage for azimuth and pitch angles suitable for large optical components, characterized in that, The composite adjustment platform includes an azimuth adjustment mechanism, a pitch adjustment mechanism, a mounting plate, a base plate, and a sliding plate. The azimuth adjustment mechanism is mounted on the base plate, and its driving device is a brake stepper motor. The power of the brake stepper motor is transmitted to the sliding plate through a right-angle reversing reducer and a gear transmission assembly. The sliding plate is guided by an arc-shaped guide rail during movement to achieve azimuth angle adjustment. The pitch adjustment mechanism is driven by a lifting device with linear lifting function. The lifting device is mounted on the base plate, and a ball conveying device is installed on its top. The moving part of the ball conveying device is a steel ball, which contacts but is not fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The mounting plate, under the combined action of the lifting device and the ball conveying device, can rotate around two coaxially mounted hinges to achieve pitch angle adjustment. To make the structure of the composite adjustment platform more compact, the structures of the orientation adjustment link and the pitch adjustment link are integrated into the design. Specifically, the hinge is mounted on the slide plate, that is, the hinge can rotate along the rotation axis of the arc guide rail with the slide plate, thereby achieving orientation adjustment of the mounting plate. Furthermore, the center of the steel ball in the ball conveying device is placed on the rotation axis of the arc guide rail, so that when the lifting device moves, the center of the steel ball always moves on the rotation axis. The hinge contains a pair of angular contact ball bearings mounted back-to-back. The inner ring of the angular contact ball bearing mates with the hinge shaft, and the outer ring mates with the upper support leg. The locking nut mates with the bearing spacer to achieve pre-tightening of the angular contact ball bearing. The upper and lower support legs are connected to the mounting plate and the sliding plate respectively by screws. The upper support leg is machined with a flexible groove to absorb the assembly stress caused by the accumulation of part machining errors and surface unevenness during the assembly of the composite adjustment table.

2. The composite adjustment stage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake built into the tail of the brake stepper motor can achieve power-off self-locking of the orientation adjustment mechanism.

3. The composite adjustment stage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer is connected to the brake stepper motor, and the output shaft is connected to the gear transmission assembly. While improving the output capacity of the motor, it can also change the rotation direction of the motor's output shaft.

4. The composite adjustment stage according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gear transmission assembly consists of a gear and a gear ring, which are internally meshed. The gear is connected to the output shaft of the right-angle reversing reducer, and the gear ring is fixed on the slide plate.

5. The composite adjustment stage according to claim 1, characterized in that, To prevent the bottom surface of the mounting plate from detaching from the ball conveying device or even overturning under external force, two tension-type nitrogen springs are installed between the mounting plate and the base plate, respectively arranged on both sides of the lifting device.

6. The adjustment table according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the azimuth adjustment and pitch adjustment stages incorporate position feedback components, which include position feedback sensors and limit switches. The position feedback sensors provide real-time feedback of the mounting plate position information to the control system, thereby enabling closed-loop control of the drive device. The limit switches are located at the positive and negative limit positions of the moving parts, providing electrical limit protection for the composite adjustment platform.

7. The adjustment table according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the orientation adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the grating ruler holder. The grating ruler holder is mounted on the slide plate with screws and positioned by two pins, so that the axis of its outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the arc guide rail. The limit switch is installed at the positive and negative limit positions of the slide plate to realize the electrical limit protection of the orientation adjustment process.

8. The adjustment table according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the pitch adjustment process, the position feedback sensor is a grating ruler, which is attached to the outer cylindrical surface of the upper support leg of the hinge. Through design and processing, it is ensured that the outer cylindrical surface is coaxial with the bearing mounting hole of the upper support leg, that is, that the axis of the outer cylindrical surface coincides with the rotation axis of the pitch adjustment. The limit switch is installed inside the lifting device, and indirectly realizes the electrical limit protection of the pitch adjustment process by limiting the lifting device.

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